Polyakova I. Collecting Amber Naturalia in Sixteenth-Century
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MINISTRY OF CULTURE AND TOURISM OF THE KALININGRAD REGION KALININGRAD REGIONAL AMBER MUSEUM COLLECTION IN THE SPACE OF CULTURE PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE Kaliningrad 2019 UDC 379.45 (045) LBC 77.552 я43 Coll 70 Reviewers: A. A. Hitrov, Doctor of Sciences (History), Professor, Head of the Department of the History of the Humanities Faculty (Kaliningrad State Technical University) P. E. Fokin, Candidate of Sciences (Philology), Head of the Department “Apartment Museum of Fyodor Dostoevsky” (Vladimir Dahl State Museum of the History of Russian Literature, Moscow) Editorial board T. J. Suvorova, I. A. Polyakova (Editor in Chief), Ch. J. Duffin Coll 70 Collection in the space of culture : Proceedings of the International Conference / eds. I. A. Polyakova, Ch. J. Duffin, T. J. Suvorova ; Kaliningrad Regional Amber Museum. — Kaliningrad, 2019. — 340 p., [395] ill. ISBN 978-5-903920-52-5 This book contains proceedings prepared by the participants of the international conference “Collection in the space of culture” which was held from 18 to 21 September 2017 at the Kalinin- grad Regional Amber Museum. The articles published here are devoted to topical questions in the history of collections and collecting. The established approaches to organisation and interpretation of the collections are considered; the resources of Russian and foreign museums which are generally unknown to the public are presented here. This edition is intended for museum professionals, historians, cultural studies scholars, collec- tors, and educators. UDC 379.45 (045) LBC 77.552 я43 © Kaliningrad Regional Amber ISBN 978-5-903920-52-5 Museum, 2019 CONTENTS Editorial Note .................................................................................................................................. 5 Markov Boris V. Museum in the Space of the City ............................................................................... 7 Cinquegrani Maurizio. Of Other Cinematic Spaces: the Holocaust Documentary as a Collection ..... 16 Dmitriev Igor S. From Studioli to Kunst- and Wunderkammern ........................................................ 24 Laue Georg. Renaissance and Baroque Amber Treasures: Collectors and the Art Market from the Sixteenth to the Twenty First Centuries ............................................................................................. 29 King Rachel. Telling Times — Knowing North: Clocks, Sundials and Compasses in Amber ................ 53 Polyakova Irina A. Collecting Amber Naturalia in Sixteenth Century Prussia ................................... 63 Trusted Marjorie. Baroque Ambers in Britain ................................................................................... 82 Novgorodova Daria D. History of Space of the Mineral Cabinet in the Eighteenth Century .............. 92 Duffin Christopher J. British Eighteenth Century Materia Medica Collections .................................. 105 Lemoine-Bouchard Nathalie. Collecting Miniatures in Eighteenth Century France ........................... 126 Syrovatko Lada V. Francesco Bartholozzi — Pierre-Nоёl Violet: Destinies of the Artists, Destinies of the Collections ............................................................................................................................ 139 Boeckh Hans. Personalities of Russian History on Enamel Painted Miniatures in Geneva’s Public and Private Collections .................................................................................................................... 158 Borovkova Natalia V. The Destiny of the Personal Natural Science Collection of Empress Catherine the Great ........................................................................................................................................ 171 Mikitina Violetta V. Glass in the Collection of Alexei Vikulovich Morozov ......................................... 185 Sivkova Svetlana G. Museum Collection within City Landscape ....................................................... 197 Suvorova Tatiana J. Role of the Museum Collection in Shaping Cultural Situation in the Kaliningrad Oblast and Russia ............................................................................................................................ 205 Kostyashova Zoya V. Modern Original Artworks in the Collection of the Kaliningrad Amber Museum 212 Toropova Irina A. Copies of the Eighteenth Century Silhouette Cameo Portraits of Amber in the Collection of the Kaliningrad Regional Amber Museum ................................................................... 219 Salaks Juris. Revival of the Collection. Centenary History of Ilya Mechnikov Legacy ......................... 223 Syrovatko Lada V. When the Ships Were Wooden, and People Were Iron: Some Materials for the Iconography of the Important Figures of the Fleet ........................................................................... 235 Akimova Galina A. An Elegy for Prussia: the Works of Pictorial Art of the Late Nineteenth — Early Twentieth Century from the Collection of the Museum of the World Ocean ............................. 251 Barroso Maria Do Sameiro. Portuguese Materia Medica in the Tavora Sequeira Pinto Collection (Porto) ............................................................................................................................................ 267 Bagužaitė-Talačkienė Sigita. Memory and Identity. The Preserved Heritage of the Western Balts in the Palanga Amber Museum ........................................................................................................ 285 Manukyan Andranik R. Private Collecting of Baltic Amber with Inclusions in the Kaliningrad Oblast of the Russian Federation ............................................................................................................... 292 Bogdasarov Maksim A., Bogdasarova Yulia V., Kozhanov Yury D., Solop Irina V. The Role of Collections of Minerals, Rocks and Fossils in Professional Training of Geographers (Case Study of Geology Learning Centre at the Brest State A. S. Pushkin University) ................................................ 306 Manukyan Andranik R., Boikina Irina N. The Experience of Conservation of Amber with Inclusions from the Collection of the Museum of the World Ocean ....................................................................... 313 Ratuszna Jolanta. Past and Present Conservation of Amber Collectables an Attempt to Evaluate Selected Conservation Concepts ...................................................................................................... 321 On the authors .................................................................................................................................... 339 Irina A. Polyakova Kaliningrad Regional Amber Museum (Kaliningrad, Russia) Email: [email protected] COLLECTING AMBER NATURALIA IN SIXTEENTH-CENTURY PRUSSIA Abstract Natural samples of Baltic amber and amber artworks made in Prussia both assumed their rightful places among the collectables in the Kunstkammern and cabinets of curiosities of six- teenth-century Europe. The items in Italian and German collections are noted by professionals and have been well documented in catalogues and inventories. However, the history of amber collecting in Prussia itself remains a blank spot in the overall picture of contemporary Europe- an culture. This article explores the trends of cultural life in sixteenth-century Prussia which promoted interest in amber as a collectable and laid the groundwork for the appearance of the important collections which announced themselves in the succeeding century. Approaches to the development and demonstration of the collections of amber naturalia in their cultural and natural philosophy contexts are defined. The didactic and methodological roles of amber col- lectables are revealed. In addition, attention is given to the personalities who were important in amber collecting in contemporary Prussia. Key words: amber, collecting, collection, collectors, Prussia, Albrecht of Prussia, sixteenth century, naturalia, inclusions. Introduction Jacob Hartmann (1648—1707), a Professor for Medicine and History at the University of Königs- The appearance of individual amber collections berg, and a member of the Academy of Sciences or specialised sections of the large collections in Leopoldina (Hartmann, 1699, pp. 47—48; Pisanski, Prussia accounts for the mid to late seventeenth 1853, p. 100). Hartmann distinguishes several types century or more recently. The earliest known col- of museum according to how they collect and dis- lection to have been documented in the surviving play amber: both natural specimens (by their shape, catalogue belonged to Christoph Gottwaldt (1636— colour-grade, place of origin, inclusions, and medi- 1700), a physician from Gdansk, and following his cinal properties) and amber artworks (chandeliers, death, it passed to his son, Johann Christoph Got- lenses, table-boards etc.). Unfortunately, the names twaldt (1670—1713), also a physician. In 1714, the of the owners of the collections are not indicated. collection was purchased at the direction of Peter However, this brief account confirms the popularity the Great for the Kunstkammer in St Petersburg to- of amber as a collectable. gether with other samples from Gottwaldt’s legacy Catalogues of the Königsberg amber collec- (Gottwaldt, 1714; Novgorodova, 2016). tions (Bernsteinkabinett) appeared in the eigh- The fact that by the end of the seventeenth teenth century. Their compilers were Albertina