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Want to Plan a Field Trip to Garfield Park? This guide will help answer many of your questions. If you have additional questions, would like to give feedback, or talk with someone about arranging for assistance with your field trip, please send us a note describing your interests including your contact information and a good time to reach you and we will be in touch. [email protected]

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This Teacher's Guide has been made possible through a Historic Preservation Education Grant from Indiana Humanities, Indiana Landmarks, and the National Endowment for the Humanities. A TEACHER’S GUIDE

GUIDE INDEX

This Teacher’s Guide is a resource for educators to assist students in learning about Indiana and local history while making useful connections about the history of Garfield Park. This first edition of the Teacher’s Guide is especially geared toward 4th grade students taking into consideration their focus on Indiana history.

For planning and organizing your virtual or in-person field trip to Garfield Park, this packet includes the following components: PARK & PACKET INFORMATION

2 Themes and Sites

3 Academic Standards (4th Grade)

4 Driving & Park Details

5 Garfield Park Map

To help make these historic connections practical and engaging, we are providing a range of student & teacher resources: ADDITIONAL RESOURCES & ACTIVITIES

6 Historic Timeline (Connecting Garfield Park History with Indiana History)

7 Vocabulary Words List ADDITIONAL RESOURCES 8 Vocabulary Word Matching Activity 100% of this content is available in (Teacher Answers & Student Worksheet) easy to download and print versions at: GarfieldParkIndy.org/Teachers 9 Garfield Park History Quiz where you can easily print one element (Teacher Answers & Student Worksheet) from the Guide or all of them. You can also connect with Garfield Park 10 Garfield Park Crossword Puzzle Staff and Friends of Garfield Park for (Teacher Answers & Student Worksheet) assistance in planning your Field Trip and to apply for local transportation 11 Garfield Park Word Search Activity funds if this would make your field trip (Teacher Answers & Student Worksheet) possible. Garfield Park is your park and we want to make it as easy as 12 Garfield Park Coloring Book possible for you to come and bring your students! garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org THEMES AND SITES

A WALK IN THE PARK

A walk in the park has never been and therefore, continued preservation as instructive as it will be in Garfield becomes a key theme of this tour and Park. Surrounded by fresh air and the integral part of their own legacy building. most colorful of nature, students and chaperones alike will be playfully energized Difference-makers: to receive important ideas and information presented within this historic tour. Difference-makers come in many shapes and sizes and can be recognized in current A Teacher’s Guide to Walk, Talk, and times as well as past times. Throughout Teach at Garfield Park, links information the tour of historic Garfield Park, your in ways to integrate the typical elements students will be introduced to the concept of a park visit with the unique attributes of what it means to be a difference- of Garfield Park. This historic park maker as well to the many difference- is the home of a variety of historic makers connected to the historic sites monuments and facilities with colorful and events within the tour. We believe this stories of development and provenance. theme will have a lasting value once your The Friends of Garfield Park and Park students return to the classroom and that Staff will work with educators to ensure they will become aware of the ways that that field trips to Garfield Park, which they too can become a difference-maker. include this Historic Tour, incorporate historic elements in age-appropriate ways. Enhanced Learning by Walking About: We invite continued feedback and sharing of resources as a means to make the Active learning is said to be one of field trips more productive and energizing the best techniques to inspire transfer for educators and students alike. of knowledge. Leveraging this concept as a key theme for your historic tour of Garfield Park enhances the prospects that students will learn to appreciate both the GARFIELD PARK TOUR THEMES historic nature of the sites on the tour as well as the concepts of proactive Historic Preservation & Legacy historic preservation and the value of building: becoming a difference-maker themselves. Since 1998, the Friends of Garfield Park have been proactively ensuring the Monuments and Memorials: preservation and continuation of public benefits of Garfield Park through enhanced Monuments and memorials remind us funding, the application of effective advocacy, to honor leaders, heroes, and difference- and expanded stewardship. One function of makers from the past. They help us expand this Teacher’s Guide is educating our young our view of community, remind us of our people about our past and engaging them legacy, and show us how the state of Indiana in the continued preservation of public and the city of Indianapolis have played a resources such as Garfield Park. This is major role in the development of a nation. their park and the park for their children

page 1 garfield park indianapolis in HISTORIC GARFIELD PARK SITES AUDIO TOUR INFORMATION HOTLINE 317-495-9349

(all places are located on the Park map)

3# 4# 7# 10# HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour 1. The MacAllister Center 2. General Henry Ware 3. The Conservatory- 4. The Sunken Garden for the Performing Arts- Lawton Monument - A A Rain Forest Exhibit -Formal Gardens with Amphitheater bronze Stature Fountains

13# 14# 16# 17# 18# 20# HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour 5. The Confederate 6. Pagoda Shelter 7. Trolley Streetcar, 8. Grove of Remem- Soldiers & Sailors Interurban Waiting brance Monument Station ADDITIONAL POINTS OF INTEREST

1. Burrello Family Center 2. Aquatic Center 3. Art Center (GPAC)

page 2 page 1 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org ACADEMIC STANDARDS

FOURTH GRADE

of important Indiana artists and writers HISTORY 4.1.6 to the state’s cultural landscape. - Explain how key individuals and events in- fluenced the early growth and development CIVICS AND GOVERNMENT of Indiana. - 4.2.6 - Define and provide examples of civic vir- HISTORY 4.1.9 tues in a democracy. - Give examples of Indiana’s increasing agricultural, industrial, political and business development in the nineteenth century. READING - VOCABULARY BUILDING - 4.RV.1 HISTORY 4.1.10 - Build and use accurately general ac- - Describe the participation of Indiana ademic and content specific words or citizens in World War I and World War II. phrases. HISTORY 4.1.11 - Identify and describe important events SPEAKING AND and movements that changed life in Indi- ana in the early twentieth century. LISTENING - 4.SL (4.SL.1-4.SL.3) HISTORY 4.1.12 - Students listen actively and communi- - Describe the transformation of Indiana cate effectively for a variety of purposes, through immigration and through develop- including for learning, enjoyment, persua- ments in agriculture, industry and trans- sion, and exchange of information and portation. ideas. Students develop an understanding of and respect for diversity in language HISTORY 4.1.15 use, patterns and dialects. - Create and interpret timelines that show relationships among people, events, HEALTH & WELLNESS - and movements in the history of Indiana 4.1.3 - Summarize ways in which a safe and HISTORY 4.1.18 healthy community environment can pro- - Research and describe the contributions mote health.

garfield park indianapolis in DRIVING PARK DETAILS

PARK LOCATION

2505 Conservatory Drive, Indianapolis, IN 46203 5 PARK ENTRANCES: (North) Enter from the north, off Raymond Street by coming in near the fire station onto at Pagoda Dr. (West) Enter or E. Pleasant Run Parkway. from the west using E. Pleasant Run Parkway and the Railroad (East) Enter from the east near the underpass. Conservatory from the 2600 block of Shelby.

(South) Enter from the south off Southern Avenue, coming in near the MacAllister Center. PICNIC SHELTERS: Plan to have your picnic lunch at the park. There are several shelter areas that can be reserved for your group. Just make BUS PARKING: sure you let us know you need There is plenty of room for these accommodations when you bus parking. Park staff can make your field trip reservations help you with the logistics of your visit. CONTACT PARK STAFF To make plans for a Field Trip to Garfield Park. Be sure and mention if you plan to use this Historic Tour and Teacher’s Guide so they can arrange for a volunteer docent from the Friends of Garfield Park.

Garfield Park Arts Center (GPAC) staff Garfield Park Conservatory staff can can arrange for your students to enjoy the arrange for your students to combine a visit to historic tour and then participate in an age the Rain Forest Display at the Conservatory. To appropriate, history related art project at make arrangements contact Conservatory staff GPAC as well. Contact GPAC staff at: at: (317)327-7183 (317)327-7135 [email protected] GPACArts.org GarfieldGardensConservatory.org

garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org

HISTORICAL TIMELINe

Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

Indiana was admitted as 1816 the 19th state of the union INDIANA Indianapolis becomes the state capital Indiana became the site of Camp Morton, a Civil War, 1825 Indianalpolis Prisoner of War Camp, named after then Governor 1861-1865 of Indiana, Oliver P. Morton. American Civil War 1861 Morton was Governor of Indiana from 1861-1867 1862

The land that would later become Garfield Park was originally called Bradley Woods. It was purchased by the Indianapolis Fair Association who would build a 1871 horse racing track and fairgrounds. The harness racing business failed during the economic collapse in 1873.

City of Indianapolis purchased the land that would be called Southern Park for about 8 years. This was the city’s first acquisition for 1873 this kind of public amenity, making Garfield Park the City’s oldest city park in the system.

Historic Movement: The evolution of the Conservation Movement is said to 1880-1909 have its roots in the time-period from about 1890 to 1920. It is during this time-period that many cities like Indianapolis began making policy decisions and city planning around the concept of developing parks and transportation systems. As cities became more crowded, citizens began to look for peaceful retreats. Leisure activities and the conservation movement came together as Americans took up outdoor recreation as a way to escape crowded cities. 1881 Park is renamed Garfield Park after assassinated U.S. President James A. Garfield (20th US President)

Several greenhouses in the park became the source for plants to be used in projects all over the city. The surrounding properties were small growing farms and a budding immigrant population 1890’s was bringing their horticulture skills from Europe. Greenhouse space in the park grew from 45,000 square feet in 1895 to over 200,00 sq ft by 1905.

page 1 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

A neighborhood grew up around the park 1895 beginning in 1895 with the arrival of the Shelby Street streetcar line.

1895 Difference Maker: Thomas Taggart, Mayor of Indianapolis 1895-1901 was well regarded for his support for public improvements. His administration focused extensively on city planning including the formation of a city parks and boulevard system. Garfield Park would become an integral part of this legacy. Taggart’s efforts in this area made him “a leader in the movement to conserve 1900 urban natural resources for public use.”

By the turn of the century, Garfield Park had playgrounds, picnic areas, ball fields, and tennis courts.

Historic Site: Pagoda Shelter was designed and built in the park by a clever and skilled 1903 architect, Daniel Dupree. This unique shelter helped to usher in an exciting period of social and entertainment events at Garfield Park.

16# 17# HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour

Historic Statement: “Nature. There is delight in the hardy life of the open. There are no words that can tell the hidden spirit of the wilderness that can reveal 1903 its mystery, its melancholy and its charm. The nation behaves well if it treats the natural resources as assets which it must turn over to the next generation increased; and not impaired in value. Conservation means development as much as it does protection.”

Theodore Roosevelt U.S. President 1901-1909

page 2 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

Difference Maker: Henry W. Lawton. May 30, 1907 General Henry W. Lawton was honored when 1907 they unveiled a bronze statue crafted by sculptor, Andrew O’Connor. The staue was originally located in Capital Square in downtown Indianapolis and later moved to Garfield Park. Indianapolis was honored by the attendance of several historically significant guests including: U.S. President, Theodore Roosevelt, Indiana Poet, James Whitcomb Riley, U.S. Vice President, Charles Fairbanks (an Indiana native)

Difference Maker: Indiana Poet, James Whitcomb Riley who participated in this tribute to General Lawton in 1907 read his poem “Home-Voyage”. The poem was written and originally presented on February 6, 1900 when Lawton’s body was lying in state in Indianapolis upon his death in battle in San Mateo, Philippines.

1908 Difference Maker: George Edward Kessler Kessler, a gifted, visionary, German-born landscape architect with considerable engineering and city planning ability was originally hired by the City of Indianapolis in 1908 to develop a system of parks. He studied the city for a year and then submitted a plan for so much more than requested -- a plan for parks and boulevards. Becuase he loved his work, he loved Garfield Park. It became his jewel. Kessler had great respect for the rich horticultural heritage of Garfield Park and featured these elements in his grand design. Kessler died in Indianapolis in 1923, while working on extensions of his earlier plans. Kessler Bouevard in Indianapolis was named in his honor.

In 1912, nearly 50 years since the end of the American Civil War, a monument was 1912 erected in Greenlawn Cemetery to mark the mass grave of Confederate Soldiers & Sailors who died while at Camp Morton in Indiana, and were not claimed by their families.

1914-1918 WWIWWI

page 3 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

Historic Site: Trolley Shelter. Garfield Park was on the route for a 1910-1939 city-wide trolley streetcar system in the early 1900’s that ran along both Shelby Street and Southern Avenue. Bringing visitors to Garfield Park during a time in history where few families had automobiles. This shelter located in Garfield Park has been recently conserved and moved to preserve a bit of history. 18# HGP Audio Tour

1911

The decision of the Indianapolis Speedway to hold one major 500-mile race in 1911 with an unheard purse of $25,100 (equal to $571,000 today) attracted the best racing teams and drivers, and brought attention and visitors to Indiana.

Historic Marker: Statue of Major General Henry 1915 Ware Lawton was moved to Garfield Park where it remains today. This statue, by sculptor Andrew O’Conner was first dedicated to our city in 1907 and stood tall in then, Capital Square.

4# HGP Audio Tour

1916

Historic Site: Conservatory 1908. The original conservatory in GP was designed and constructed by 7# German landscape architect, George Edward Kessler. HGP Audio Tour

page 4 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

Historic Site: Sunken Garden Fountains 1916. It was George Kessler who envisioned the 1916 Sunken Garden with beautiful walkways and fountains. He imagined the 10# summer plantings HGP Audio Tour to be “entirely formal in character,” and to include less formal displays to enhance the elegant Sunken Garden. In 1916, F.W. Darlington of Chicago was hired to design and build the fountains in the Garden. They were the first in the country equipped to change the spray and display lights with changing colors.

Memorial: Grove of Remembrance, dedicated in 1920 was a home front activity following the US involvement 1920 in WWI. The Grove is a memorial to fallen soldiers from Indiana during the first World War. Trees were planted in the Grove, to serve as living monuments honoring the 290 soldiers from Indiana who gave their lives for their country in the 1st World War. 20# HGP Audio Tour

Difference Maker: Lucille Wahl remembers the Grove of Remembrance dedication ceremonies: “The children met in the garden and were dressed in red, white, and blue crepe paper sashes from shoulder to waist. The boys wore short, dark pants and white shirts and the girls wore white dresses in the spring celebrations. It was quite a display!” During the ceremony, school officials helped distribute flags to each of the 387 school children- -one for each person being remembered. At the end of the program, the children walked to the trees and placed a flag at each tree in honor of the life lost.

Difference Makers: Alice Moore French & American War Mothers. Together these forward thinking women helped bring the Grove of Remembrance to Garfield Park. The dedication parade and ceremony was a day tucked away in the hearts and minds of all who were there.

page 5 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

1920 Historic Site: The MacAllister Center for the Performing Arts. The Amphitheatre was first opened in the early 1920’s as a theatre 3# for repertory actors presenting a HGP Audio Tour new play each week. Families came from near and far to sit out in the open-air and enjoy the sights and sounds on a warm summer night.

Difference Maker: P.E. MacAllister. The theater received a major face-lift in 1997 and a new name, The MacAllister Center for the Performing Arts, in honor of P.E. MacAllister a gracious Difference-maker and longtime friend of the Park. Twenty years later, in 2017, The Mac received another make- over, again generously funded by a range of community partners including generous donation from P.E. MacAllister.

Historic Marker: Confederate Soldiers & Sailors Monument. In 1928 this monument originally erected at Greenlawn Cemetery was 1928 moved for preservation into Garfield Park. .

13# 14# HGP Audio Tour HGP Audio Tour

In the 1930’s a mix of immigrants and second generation Americans bought bungalows on the pedestrian-friendly streets that radiate from the park , 1930 including an especially large contingent of German-Americans. This diverse immigrant population brought tremendous skills in horticulture and craftsmenship to the GP neighborhood.

page 6 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

World War II WWII was a global war involving fighting in many parts of the world 1935-1945 and many countries. Most of the world’s countries, including all the great powers, fought as part of two military alliances: the Allies and the Axis Powers.

In the 1950’s renovations were made to the entire 1955 park. One major change was the installation of a permanent rainforest theme in the conservatory.

The original conservatory was replaced with a welded aluminum frame conservatory in an art-decco style. 7# At the time, this conservatory was constructed it HGP Audio Tour was the first aluminum building in the United States.

VIETNAM WAR

1955-1975 The Vietnam War was fought between the communist North Vietnam forces supported by the Soviet Union, China and North Korea, and fought a guerrilla war against the anti-communist South Vietnam forces supported by the United States, Thailand, Australia, New Zealand, and the Philippines who engaged in a more conventional war. It was very controversial, and was the first war with live television coverage.

Friends of Garfield Park, Inc.(FOGP) was founded in 1998 under an initiative of the Indianapolis Parks Foundation. In part, the Friends of Garfield Park Inc. was formed to protect and enhance a major 1998 investment of public and private funds in Garfield Park, which included renovation of the Sunken Garden, Fountains and Conservatory. Since its founding, the FOGP has established the Garfield Park Fund at the Central Indiana Community Foundation..

page 7 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org Historic Happenings with Connections to Local, State, Garfield Park World History

Difference Makers: Friends of Garfield 1998 Park (FOGP) Mission is to “Ensure to present the preservation and continuation of the public benefits of Garfield Park through enhanced funding, the application of effective advocacy, and expanded stewardship.”

WarsWars inin ththee In 2001 the War in Afghanistan began 2001 against the Taliban and Al-Qaeda. The to present Iraq War was an armed conflict that MiddleMiddle EastEast began in 2003 with the invasion of Iraq by a United States-led coalition that toppled the government of Saddam Hussein. And, the Somali Civil War officially began in 2006.

In an effort to maintain the historical integrity of the Garfield Park story FOGP commissioned Heritage 2004 Landscapes to develop a cultural landscape report to guide the Friends in conservation, preservation, and development efforts on behalf of Garfield Park.

FOGP launched Garfield Alive initiative including the new Visitor’s Guide to Historic Garfield Park. A key focus of Garfield Alive is to bring attention to historic preservation of several historic monuments, memorials, and buildings located within the boundaries of Garfield Park as well as the rich history of community gatherings that have occurred over these many years 2014 since GP became prime destination. The historic site markers located throughout the park feature a reproduction of the gramophone designed to amplify the sound like the old players.

FOGP, Keep Indianapolis Beautiful, and 200 Volunteers organized a tree planting conservation 2016 event at GP and planted of 250 trees.

Major renovations were made to the MacAllister 2017 Center for the Performing Arts. This Teacher’s Guide was supported with a Historic Preservation Education FOGP launched the A Grant from Indiana Teacher’s Guide to Walk, Landmarks and Indiana Talk, and Teach at Historic Humanities, and the 2018 Garfield Park Friends of Garfield Park.

page 8 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org VOCABULARY WORDS

It’s helpful to know some of the important words that are used in Garfield Park. These are some of our favorites.

Garfield Park The oldest city park Art-deco A style of building in Indianapolis. The land was purchased construction and decorating that is by the city in 1873 and would be called characterized by rich colors, bold geometry, Southern Park for 8 years before being and decadent detail work, very popular renamed for US President, James Garfield. in the US in the 1920’s, 30’s and 40’s.

Conservation Movement A Difference-maker A person who time period (1880-1909) when cities like has an impact or effect. Garfield Park has Indianapolis began making policy decisions benefitted from many Difference-makers and city planning around the concept over the years. You have met many of of developing parks and transportation them during your tour of Historic Garfield systems. Families volunteer to participate Park. You can be a Difference-maker too! in conservation projects in Garfield Park like tree planting and clean ups. Pagoda A unique, tower-like building with many tiers built in traditions originating in Andrew O’Conner The sculptor Asia. The Pagoda Shelter built in Garfield who crafted the famous bronze statue Park in 1903 helped to usher in an exciting of General Henry Ware Lawton that period of social and entertainment events. now stands tall in Garfield Park. Amphitheater A round or oval building, Trolley A Streetcar system with a city- typically unroofed, with a central place wide route that ran along Shelby Street for the presentation of dramatic, musical, bringing visitors to Garfield Park in the or sporting events, including a sloping, early 1900’s, when very few families owned semicircular seating gallery. The MacAllister automobiles. You can see the Trolley Waiting Center for the Performing Arts located Station still located in the Park today. in Garfield Park is the only permanent performing arts amphitheater in Indianapolis. Conservatory A room with a glass roof and walls and used as a greenhouse. The Monument A statue or other structure Conservatory at Garfield Park has had many made to keep alive the memory of a person or makeovers and uses over the years since event. There are several monuments located its original construction in 1908 and now in Garfield Park to memorialize a range of stands as a permanent rainforest theme. historical events and Difference-makers.

page 1 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org garden cultivation and management. Many Historic Preservation An people volunteer year-round at the Garfield endeavor that seeks to protect, conserve, Park Conservatory to help maintain and and protect building, objects, landscapes, or manage the amazing rainforest plantings, other artifacts of historical significance. The the Sunken Garden, and the Children’s Friends of Garfield Park has created this Garden. Come and dig in the dirt with us! Historic Tour of Garfield Park as a method of preserving the local history and significance of Garfield Park for future generations. City Planning The planning and control of the construction, growth, and development of a city or town. Landscape Gramophone An old fashioned term Architect, George Edward Kessler was hired for a record player or phonograph. The by the City of Indianapolis in 1908 to develop historic site markers located throughout a system of parks and boulevards. Garfield Garfield Park feature a reproduction of Park is considered to be one of his jewels. the acoustical horn designed to amplify the sound from the old players. Today, we insert cell phones into the horns Home Front The civilian population and allow the gramophone to amplify and activities of a nation whose armed our audio files so the entire group forces are engaged in war abroad. can enjoy the Garfield Park stories. Legacy Something that is handed down or Horticulture The art or practice of remains from a previous generation or time.

page 1 page 2 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org WORD MATCHING

TEACHER ANSWERS

This list of 12 vocabulary words featuring people, places, and things your students may have encountered or heard about while enjoying their walk in the park. Have students draw a line between the definition and the correct word.

The oldest city park in Indianapolis. The land was purchased by the city in 1873 and would be called Southern Park for 8 years before being renamed for US President, James Garfield. Andrew O’Conner The sculptor who crafted the famous bronze statue of General Henry Ware Lawton that now stands tall in Garfield Park.

A unique, tower-like building with many Trolley tiers built in traditions originating in Asia. The Pagoda Shelter built in Garfield Park in 1903 helped to usher in an exciting period of social and entertainment events. Garfield Park

A Streetcar system with a city-wide route that ran along Shelby Street bringing visitors to Garfield Park in the early 1900’s, when very few families owned automobiles. You can see the Monument Trolley Waiting Station still located in the Park today.

A statue or other structure made to keep alive the memory of a person or Pagoda event. There are several monuments located in Garfield Park to memorialize a range of historical events and Difference-makers.

page 1 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org A time period (1880-1909) when cities like Indianapolis began making policy decisions and city planning around the concept of developing parks and transportation systems. Families volunteer to participate in conservation projects in Garfield Park like tree planting and clean ups. Legacy

Something that is handed down or remains from a previous generation or time.. Art-deco A style of building construction and decorating that is characterized by rich colors, bold geometry, and decadent detail work, very popular in the US in the 1920’s, 30’s and 40’s. Conservation Movement A round or oval building, typically unroofed, with a central place for the presentation of dramatic, musical, or sporting events, including a sloping, semicircular seating gallery. Horticulture

The art or practice of garden cultivation and management. Many people volunteer year-round at the Garfield Park Conservatory to help maintain and Conservatory manage the amazing rainforest plantings, the sunken garden, and the Children’s Garden. Come and dig in the dirt with us!

The civilian population and activities Amphitheater of a nation whose armed forces are engaged in war abroad.

A room with a glass roof and walls and used as a greenhouse. The Conserva- tory at Garfield Park has had many Home Front makeovers and uses over the years since its original construction in 1908 and now stands as a permanent rainforest theme.

page 1 page 2 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org WORD MATCHING

STUDENT WORKSHEET

We hope you had fun taking your walking tour of historic Garfield Park. This list of 12 vocabulary words featuring people, places, and things you may have encountered or heard about while enjoying your walk in the park. How many can you match? Draw a line from the definition to the correct matching word.

page 2 page 1 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org A time period (1880-1909) when cities like Indianapolis began making policy decisions and city planning around the concept of developing parks and transportation systems. Families volunteer to participate in conservation projects in Garfield Park like tree planting and clean ups. Legacy

The civilian population and activities Amphitheater of a nation whose armed forces are engaged in war abroad.

page 1 page 2 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org HISTORY QUIZ:

TEACHER ANSWERS

After participating in the GP Historic Tour and studying the timeline provided, students should be able to answer the following questions about GP. Tip: Allow students to reference the Historic Timeline while answering these questions for additional transfer of knowledge.

FOR WHAT FAMOUS PERSON FROM HISTORY IS GARFIELD PARK NAMED? James Abram Garfield, 20th President of the United States.

WHERE WAS THE BRONZE STATUE OF GENERAL HENRY WARE LAWTON LOCATED 4# BEFORE IT WAS MOVED TO HGP Audio Tour GP IN 1915? Capital Square, in downtown Indianapolis from 1907-1915. The statue had to be moved when they widened the street in front of the original site.

WHAT IMPORTANT STRUCTURE IN THE PARK WAS COMPLETELY REPLACED IN 1955 WITH A WELDED ALUMINUM AND GLASS STRUCTURE, The Conservatory. This forward-thinking, construction solution was noted as IN AN ART-DECO STYLE? a first-of-its-kind in the United States making it a perfect venue for a dramatic horticultural conservatory.

page 1 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org WHAT DIFFERENCE-MAKER STUDIED INDIANAPOLIS FOR AN ENTIRE YEAR BEFORE SUBMITTING PLANS AND BEING HIRED BY THE CITY IN 1908 TO DEVELOP A PLAN FOR PARKS AND BOULEVARDS, INCLUDING THE SUNKEN GARDEN AND THE FOUNTAINS IN GARFIELD PARK? The gifted, visionary, landscape architect, George Edward Kessler.

THE GROVE OF REMEMBRANCE IN GARFIELD PARK, DEDICATED IN 1929 WAS A HOME FRONT ACTIVITY. TREES WERE PLANTED IN THE GROVE TO SERVE AS LIVING MONUMENTS TO 290 FALLEN SOLDIERS FROM INDIANA WHO GAVE THEIR LIVES FOR THEIR COUNTRY. IN WHAT WORLD WAR DID THE INDIANA SOLDIERS SERVE? World War I (1914-1918)

WHAT FAMOUS INDIANA POET RECITED HIS FAMOUS POEM “THE HOME-VOYAGE” AT THE UNVEILING OF THE LAWTON STATUE IN 1907? James Whitcomb Riley (October 7, 1849 – July 22, 1916) was an American writer, poet, and best-selling author.

You can read and download “The Home-Voyage” at the following link: http://garfieldparkindy.org/home-voyage

page 2 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org HISTORY QUIZ:

STUDEND WORKSHEET

We hope you had fun taking your walking tour of historic Garfield Park. Following are some questions about some of the things you may have encountered or heard while enjoying your walk in the park. Fill in the answer boxes with your answers.

FOR WHAT FAMOUS PERSON FROM HISTORY IS GARFIELD PARK NAMED?

WHERE WAS THE BRONZE STATUE OF GENERAL HENRY WARE LAWTON LOCATED 4# BEFORE IT WAS MOVED TO HGP Audio Tour GP IN 1915?

WHAT IMPORTANT STRUCTURE IN THE PARK WAS COMPLETELY REPLACED IN 1955 WITH A WELDED ALUMINUM AND GLASS STRUCTURE, IN AN ART-DECO STYLE?

page 2 page 1 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org WHAT DIFFERENCE-MAKER STUDIED INDIANAPOLIS FOR AN ENTIRE YEAR BEFORE SUBMITTING PLANS AND BEING HIRED BY THE CITY IN 1908 TO DEVELOP A PLAN FOR PARKS AND BOULEVARDS, INCLUDING THE SUNKEN GARDEN AND THE FOUNTAINS IN GARFIELD PARK?

WHAT FAMOUS INDIANA POET RECITED HIS FAMOUS POEM “THE HOME-VOYAGE” AT THE UNVEILING OF THE LAWTON STATUE IN 1907?

You can read and download “The Home-Voyage” at the following link: http://garfieldparkindy.org/home-voyage

page 2 garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org CROSSWORD PUZZLE

TEACHER ANSWERS

ACROSS 3. A Statue or other structure made to keep alive the memory of a person or event. 4. OConner: The sculptor who crafted the famous bronze statue of General Henry Ware Lawton. 6. Preservation: An endeavor that seeks to protect, conserve, and protect buildings, objects, landscapes, or other artifacts of the past. 7. Indianapolis is the largest city of this state. 10. A building with glass walls and roof used as DOWN a greenhouse. 11. A streetcar system 1. An old fashioned term with city-wide route and for a record player or a pick up point in GP. phonograph. 2. Movement: A time period when cities like Indianapolis began making policy decisions and city planning. 5. A person who has an impact or effect. 8. Park: The oldest city park in Indiana. 9. A style of building construction and decorating that is characterized by rich colors, bold geometry, and decadent detail word. garfield park indianapolis in by our friends at GarfieldParkIndy.org CROSSWORD PUZZLE

STUDENT WORKSHEET

TEACHER ANSWERS

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