Evidence for Slab Material Under Greenland and Links to Cretaceous
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New Constraints on the Age, Geochemistry
New constraints on the age, geochemistry, and environmental impact of High Arctic Large Igneous Province magmatism: Tracing the extension of the Alpha Ridge onto Ellesmere Island, Canada T.V. Naber1,2, S.E. Grasby1,2, J.P. Cuthbertson2, N. Rayner3, and C. Tegner4,† 1 Geological Survey of Canada–Calgary, Natural Resources Canada, Calgary, Canada 2 Department of Geoscience, University of Calgary, Calgary, Canada 3 Geological Survey of Canada–Northern, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Canada 4 Centre of Earth System Petrology, Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark ABSTRACT Island, Nunavut, Canada. In contrast, a new Province (HALIP), is one of the least studied U-Pb age for an alkaline syenite at Audhild of all LIPs due to its remote geographic lo- The High Arctic Large Igneous Province Bay is significantly younger at 79.5 ± 0.5 Ma, cation, and with many exposures underlying (HALIP) represents extensive Cretaceous and correlative to alkaline basalts and rhyo- perennial arctic sea ice. Nevertheless, HALIP magmatism throughout the circum-Arctic lites from other locations of northern Elles- eruptions have been commonly invoked as a borderlands and within the Arctic Ocean mere Island (Audhild Bay, Philips Inlet, and potential driver of major Cretaceous Ocean (e.g., the Alpha-Mendeleev Ridge). Recent Yelverton Bay West; 83–73 Ma). We propose anoxic events (OAEs). Refining the age, geo- aeromagnetic data shows anomalies that ex- these volcanic occurrences be referred to col- chemistry, and nature of these volcanic rocks tend from the Alpha Ridge onto the northern lectively as the Audhild Bay alkaline suite becomes critical then to elucidate how they coast of Ellesmere Island, Nunavut, Canada. -
Hot Rocks from Cold Places: a Field, Geochemical and Geochronological Study from the High Arctic Large Igneous P Rovince (HALIP) at Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut
! !"#$%"&'($)*"+$,"-.$/-0&1(2$3$451-.6$71"&81+5&0-$09.$ 71"&8*"9"-":5&0-$;#<.=$)*"+$#81$!5:8$3*&$>0*:1$ ?:91"<($/*"@59&1$A!3>?/B$0#$3C1-$!15D1*:$?(-09.6$ E<90@<#$ $ $ by Cole Girard Kingsbury A thesis submitted to the Faculty of Graduate and Postdoctoral Affairs in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Earth Sciences Ottawa – Carleton Geoscience Centre and Carleton University Ottawa, Ontario © 2016 Cole Girard Kingsbury ! ! !"#$%&'$() ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) ) The geology of the Arctic is greatly influenced by a period of widespread Cretaceous magmatic activity, the High Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). Two major tholeiitic magmatic pulses characterize HALIP: an initial 120 -130 Ma pulse that affected Arctic Canada and formally adjacent regions of Svalbard (Norway) and Franz Josef Land (Russia). In Canada, this pulse fed lava flows of the Isachsen Formation. A second 90-100 Ma pulse that apparently only affected the Canadian side of the Arctic, fed flood basalts of the Strand Fiord Formation. The goal of this thesis is to improve understanding of Arctic magmatism of the enigmatic HALIP through field, remote sensing, geochemical and geochronology investigations of mafic intrusive rocks collected in the South Fiord area of Axel Heiberg Island, Nunavut, and comparison with mafic lavas of the Isachsen and Strand Fiord Formations collected from other localities on the Island. Ground-based and remote sensing observations of the South Fiord area reveal a complex network of mafic sills and mainly SSE-trending dykes. Two new U-Pb baddeleyite ages of 95.18 ± 0.35 Ma and 95.56 ± 0.24 Ma from South Fiord intrusions along with geochemical similarity confirm these intrusions (including the SSE-trending dykes) are feeders for the Strand Fiord Formation lavas. -
A Newly Discovered Glacial Trough on the East Siberian Continental Margin
Clim. Past Discuss., doi:10.5194/cp-2017-56, 2017 Manuscript under review for journal Clim. Past Discussion started: 20 April 2017 c Author(s) 2017. CC-BY 3.0 License. De Long Trough: A newly discovered glacial trough on the East Siberian Continental Margin Matt O’Regan1,2, Jan Backman1,2, Natalia Barrientos1,2, Thomas M. Cronin3, Laura Gemery3, Nina 2,4 5 2,6 7 1,2,8 9,10 5 Kirchner , Larry A. Mayer , Johan Nilsson , Riko Noormets , Christof Pearce , Igor Semilietov , Christian Stranne1,2,5, Martin Jakobsson1,2. 1 Department of Geological Sciences, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden 2 Bolin Centre for Climate Research, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden 10 3 US Geological Survey MS926A, Reston, Virginia, 20192, USA 4 Department of Physical Geography (NG), Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden 5 Center for Coastal and Ocean Mapping, University of New Hampshire, New Hampshire 03824, USA 6 Department of Meteorology, Stockholm University, Stockholm, 106 91, Sweden 7 University Centre in Svalbard (UNIS), P O Box 156, N-9171 Longyearbyen, Svalbard 15 8 Department of Geoscience, Aarhus University, Aarhus, 8000, Denmark 9 Pacific Oceanological Institute, Far Eastern Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 690041 Vladivostok, Russia 10 Tomsk National Research Polytechnic University, Tomsk, Russia Correspondence to: Matt O’Regan ([email protected]) 20 Abstract. Ice sheets extending over parts of the East Siberian continental shelf have been proposed during the last glacial period, and during the larger Pleistocene glaciations. The sparse data available over this sector of the Arctic Ocean has left the timing, extent and even existence of these ice sheets largely unresolved. -
Building and Breaking a Large Igneous Province: an Example from The
PUBLICATIONS Geophysical Research Letters RESEARCH LETTER Building and breaking a large igneous province: An 10.1002/2016GL072420 example from the High Arctic Key Points: Arne Døssing1 , Carmen Gaina2 , and John M. Brozena3 • An early Aptian giant High-Arctic LIP dyke swarm, >2000 km long, formed 1DTU Space, Lyngby, Denmark, 2Centre for Earth Evolution and Dynamics, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway, 3United States as part of early rifting of the Amerasia Basin Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia, USA • Middle-to-Late Cretaceous HALIP flood basalts subsequently covered the northern Amerasia Basin, centered Abstract The genesis of the Amerasia Basin in the Arctic Ocean has been difficult to discern due to over the proto-Alpha Ridge overprint of the Cretaceous High-Arctic Large Igneous Province (HALIP). Based on detailed analysis of • Latest Cretaceous to middle Paleocene rifting and seafloor bathymetry data, new Arctic magnetic and gravity compilations, and recently published radiometric and spreading within the Makarov Basin seismic data, we present a revised plate kinematic model of the northernmost Amerasia Basin. We show broke apart the proto-Alpha Ridge that the smaller Makarov Basin is formed by rifting and seafloor spreading during the latest Cretaceous (to middle Paleocene). The opening progressively migrated into the Alpha Ridge structure, which was the Supporting Information: focus of Early-to-Middle Cretaceous HALIP formation, causing breakup of the proto-Alpha Ridge into the • Supporting Information S1 present-day Alpha Ridge and Alpha Ridge West Plateau. We propose that breakup of the Makarov Basin was triggered by extension between the North America and Eurasian plates and possibly North Pacific Correspondence to: A. -
Arctic Policy &
Arctic Policy & Law References to Selected Documents Edited by Wolfgang E. Burhenne Prepared by Jennifer Kelleher and Aaron Laur Published by the International Council of Environmental Law – toward sustainable development – (ICEL) for the Arctic Task Force of the IUCN Commission on Environmental Law (IUCN-CEL) Arctic Policy & Law References to Selected Documents Edited by Wolfgang E. Burhenne Prepared by Jennifer Kelleher and Aaron Laur Published by The International Council of Environmental Law – toward sustainable development – (ICEL) for the Arctic Task Force of the IUCN Commission on Environmental Law The designation of geographical entities in this book, and the presentation of material, do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of ICEL or the Arctic Task Force of the IUCN Commission on Environmental Law concerning the legal status of any country, territory, or area, or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers and boundaries. The views expressed in this publication do not necessarily reflect those of ICEL or the Arctic Task Force. The preparation of Arctic Policy & Law: References to Selected Documents was a project of ICEL with the support of the Elizabeth Haub Foundations (Germany, USA, Canada). Published by: International Council of Environmental Law (ICEL), Bonn, Germany Copyright: © 2011 International Council of Environmental Law (ICEL) Reproduction of this publication for educational or other non- commercial purposes is authorized without prior permission from the copyright holder provided the source is fully acknowledged. Reproduction for resale or other commercial purposes is prohibited without the prior written permission of the copyright holder. Citation: International Council of Environmental Law (ICEL) (2011). -
Geophysical Studies Bearing on the Origin of the Arctic Basin
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edicated to: My dear daughter Irina List of Papers This thesis is based on the following papers, which are referred to in the text by their Roman numerals. I Langinen A.E., Gee D.G., Lebedeva-Ivanova N.N. and Zamansky Yu.Ya. (2006). Velocity Structure and Correlation of the Sedimentary Cover on the Lomonosov Ridge and in the Amerasian Basin, Arctic Ocean. in R.A. Scott and D.K. Thurston (eds.) Proceedings of the Fourth International confer- ence on Arctic margins, OCS study MMS 2006-003, U.S. De- partment of the Interior, -
The Mesozoic–Cenozoic Tectonic Evolution of the New Siberian Islands, NE Russia
Geol. Mag. 152 (3), 2015, pp. 480–491. c Cambridge University Press 2014 480 doi:10.1017/S0016756814000326 The Mesozoic–Cenozoic tectonic evolution of the New Siberian Islands, NE Russia ∗ CHRISTIAN BRANDES †, KARSTEN PIEPJOHN‡, DIETER FRANKE‡, NIKOLAY SOBOLEV§ & CHRISTOPH GAEDICKE‡ ∗ Institut für Geologie, Leibniz Universität Hannover, Callinstraße, 30167 Hannover, Germany ‡Bundesanstalt für Geowissenschaften und Rohstoffe (BGR), Stilleweg 2, 30655 Hannover, Germany §A.P. Karpinsky Russian Geological Research Institute (VSEGEI), Sredny av. 74, 199106 Saint-Petersburg, Russia (Received 27 December 2013; accepted 4 June 2014; first published online 25 September 2014) Abstract – On the New Siberian Islands the rocks of the east Russian Arctic shelf are exposed and allow an assessment of the structural evolution of the region. Tectonic fabrics provide evidence of three palaeo-shortening directions (NE–SW, WNW–ESE and NNW–SSE to NNE–SSW) and one set of palaeo-extension directions revealed a NE–SW to NNE–SSW direction. The contractional deformation is most likely the expression of the Cretaceous formation of the South Anyui fold–thrust belt. The NE–SW shortening is the most prominent tectonic phase in the study area. The WNW–ESE and NNW–SSE to NNE–SSW-oriented palaeo-shortening directions are also most likely related to fold belt formation; the latter might also have resulted from a bend in the suture zone. The younger Cenozoic NE–SW to NNE–SSW extensional direction is interpreted as a consequence of rifting in the Laptev Sea. Keywords: New Siberian Islands, De Long Islands, South Anyui suture zone, fold–thrust belt. 1. Introduction slip data. Such datasets deliver important information for understanding the regional geodynamic evolution In the last decades, several plate tectonic models have of the study area. -
Chukchi Arctic Continental Margins: Tectonic Evolution, Link to the Opening of the Amerasia Basin
Chukchi arctic continental margins: tectonic evolution, link to the opening of the Amerasia Basin Sokolov S.D., Ledneva G.V., Tuchkova M.I., Luchitskaya M.V., Ganelin A.V., and Verzhbitsky V.E. ABSTRACT characterized by termination of spreading in the The Arctic margin of Chukotka (Chukotka ProtoArctic Ocean and transformation of the latter fold belt) comprises two tectonic units, namely into the closing South Anyui turbidite basin. The the Anyui-Chukotka fold system (the ACh) and Chukotka microcontinent was subducted beneath the South Anyui suture (the SAS). In terms of the the Siberian active margin (the Oloy volcanic belt) paleotectonic reconstructions, the ACh represents until the Valanginian. In the Hauterivian-Barremian, the Chukotka microcontinent whereas the SAS is an oblique collision was initiated simultaneously the suture, which is the result of collision of the with spreading in the Canada Basin. This collision Chukotka microcontinent with the Siberian active resulted in formation of the South Anyui suture. margin (the Verkhoyansk-Kolyma fold system). As both subduction and collision was terminated, Tectono-stratigraphic units of the South Anyui suture formation of an oceanic crust within the Amerasia were thrust northward over the passive margin of the Basin ceased. microcontinent during the collision. The tectonic evolution of the continental margin INTRODUCTION of Chukotka can be divided into four main tectonic The origin of the Amerasia Basin is broadly stages corresponding to the Late Precambrian-Early debated in discussions of Arctic region tectonics. Paleozoic, the Late Paleozoic- Early Mesozoic, Different viewpoints exist on its origin but the the Middle Jurassic- Early Cretaceous and the rotational hypothesis (Carey, 1955) and its various Aptian-Albian. -
Crustal Architecture of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf and Adjacent Arctic Ocean Constrained by Seismic Data and Gravity Modeling Results
This is a repository copy of Crustal architecture of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf and adjacent Arctic Ocean constrained by seismic data and gravity modeling results. White Rose Research Online URL for this paper: http://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/129730/ Version: Accepted Version Article: Drachev, SS, Mazur, S, Campbell, S et al. (2 more authors) (2018) Crustal architecture of the East Siberian Arctic Shelf and adjacent Arctic Ocean constrained by seismic data and gravity modeling results. Journal of Geodynamics, 119. pp. 123-148. ISSN 0264-3707 https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2018.03.005 Crown Copyright © 2018 Published by Elsevier Ltd. This is an author produced version of a paper published in Journal of Geodynamics. Uploaded in accordance with the publisher's self-archiving policy. This manuscript version is made available under the Creative Commons CC-BY-NC-ND 4.0 license http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/. Reuse This article is distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs (CC BY-NC-ND) licence. This licence only allows you to download this work and share it with others as long as you credit the authors, but you can’t change the article in any way or use it commercially. More information and the full terms of the licence here: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/ Takedown If you consider content in White Rose Research Online to be in breach of UK law, please notify us by emailing [email protected] including the URL of the record and the reason for the withdrawal request. -
PERMAFROST Seventh International Conference June 23-27, 1998
PERMAFROST Seventh International Conference June 23-27, 1998 Program, Abstracts, Reports of the International Permafrost Association Yellowknife, Canada Editors: Antoni G. Lewkowicz Michel Allard Acknowledgments We are grateful to Shawne Clarke and Steve Kokelj, University of Ottawa and Laurent Desrochers and Caroline Lavoie, Universite Laval, for their hard work through the various stages of the production of this volume. iv The 7th International Permafrost Conference Preface This volume comprises the Conference Program, short abstracts, extended abstracts and reports of the International Permafrost Association. The technical portion of the Conference Program includes two Plenary sessions, two extensive Poster sessions and 22 Oral sessions. To fit all of these activities into the time available, three concurrent sessions were necessary for much of the conference. The 59 extended abstracts were submitted by graduate students and other authors whowished to present posters at the Conference and publish a summary of their research endeavours. These extended abstracts were edited but not reviewed. Both the short and extended abstracts are organized alphabetically in this volume by senior author. The reports of the Secretary General and the Working Groups of the International Permafrost Association, found in the last part of this volume, cover the period since the Sixth International Permafrost Conference in Beijing. The latter were prepared by various members of the Working Groups and describe meetings organized, publications produced, international collaboration and plans for the future. Some of these Working Groups will be renewed in Yellowknife while others have completed the tasks for which they were created. All Working Groups will report orally at the second plenary session. -
Northwestern Margin of the East Siberian Sea: Structure, Sedimentary Basin Development and Hydrocarbon Possibilities
Polarforschung 69,155 -162,1999 (erschienen 2001) Northwestern Margin of the East Siberian Sea: Structure, Sedimentary Basin Development and Hydrocarbon Possibilities By Sergey B. Sekretov':' THEME 9: Hydrocarbon Potential of the Eurasian Margins: length with a 300 m offset. Geological and Teetonic Factors Multichannel seismic reflection data along lines 90800, The East Siberian Sea is often cited as one of the least studied 90800-1, 90801 show the geological structure of the East parts of the world. Structural history and tectonic zonation in Siberian Sea continental margin between 77-80 ON latitude the area have been based mainly on regional gravity and mag and 156-164 OE longitude, where it faces the Makarov Basin netic surveys, along with geological data from adjacent islands of the Arctic Ocean (Figs 1,2). This area was not covered by and surrounding continents (VINOGRADOV et al. 1974, 1976; LARGE and BGR-SMNG seismic surveys. This northwestern KOS'KO et al. 1984, 1990, FUJITA & COOK 1990). Based on part of the East Siberian margin may be regarded as a passive different ages of onshore fold belts, most researchers are of the transform margin (SAVOST1N et al. 1984, ZONENSHAIN et al. opinion that there are several different zones of continental 1990) bordering a Late Mesozoic - Early Cenozoic Makarov basement. These zones are exposed on the De Long Islands of Basin (TAYLOR et al. 1981). Continental basement is every the New Siberian Archipelago. The western De Long High and where covered by sediments. The De Long High and Vil'kits the Vil'kitskiy Depression are interpreted to have Precambrian ky Depression can be distinguished as major features on the basement and metamorphosed and folded rocks with shelf and continental slope (Fig. -
Zircon Geochronology of Bottom Rocks in the Central Arctic Ocean: Analytical Results and Some Geological Implications
Zircon geochronology of bottom rocks in the central Arctic Ocean: analytical results and some geological implications Garrik Grikurov1, Oleg Petrov2, Sergey Shokalsky2, Pavel Rekant1, Alexey Krylov1,4, Anatoly Laiba3, Boris Belyatsky1,2, Mikhail Rozinov2 and Sergey Sergeev2,4 1I.S. Gramberg Research Institute for Geology and Mineral Resources of the World Ocean ‘VNIIOkeangeologia’, 1Angliysky Ave., 190121 St. Petersburg, Russia 2A.P. Karpinsky Russian Research Geological Institute ‘VSEGEI’, 74 Sredny Prospect, 199106 St. Petersburg, Russia 3Polar Marine Geosurvey Expedition, 24 Pobedy St., 188512 Lomonosov – St. Petersburg, Russia 4St. Petersburg State University,7/9 Universitetskaya Emb., 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia ABSTRACT in sub-pelagic sediment along with dropstones of In the past few years sampling of deepwater variably metamorphosed Precambrian mafic and seabed gained an increasingly important role in granitoid rocks. studying geological structure of the Arctic Ocean. A common concept of virtually uninterrupted pelagic INTRODUCTION drape in the Amerasia Basin and exclusively ice-rafted Great progress in acquisition of new bathymet- nature of all clastic components that occur in bottom ric and geophysical data relevant to understanding sediments was challenged by recent discoveries of the geological structure and history of the Arctic bedrock exposures in the sea floor, while correlation Ocean, including the tectonic nature of enigmatic of results of analytical study of bottom samples Central-Arctic bathymetric highs, was achieved