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' ' ., ,�- NONIMPORTATION AND THE SEARCH FOR ECONOMIC INDEPENDENCE IN VIRGINIA, 1765-1775 BRUCE ALLAN RAGSDALE Charlottesville, Virginia B.A., University of Virginia, 1974 M.A., University of Virginia, 1980 A Dissertation Presented to the Graduate Faculty of the University of Virginia in Candidacy for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Corcoran Department of History University of Virginia May 1985 © Copyright by Bruce Allan Ragsdale All Rights Reserved May 1985 TABLE OF CONTENTS Introduction: 1 Chapter 1: Trade and Economic Development in Virginia, 1730-1775 13 Chapter 2: The Dilemma of the Great Planters 55 Chapter 3: An Imperial Crisis and the Origins of Commercial Resistance in Virginia 84 Chapter 4: The Nonimportation Association of 1769 and 1770 117 Chapter 5: The Slave Trade and Economic Reform 180 Chapter 6: Commercial Development and the Credit Crisis of 1772 218 Chapter 7: The Revival Of Commercial Resistance 275 Chapter 8: The Continental Association in Virginia 340 Bibliography: 397 Key to Abbreviations used in Endnotes WMQ William and Mary Quarterly VMHB Virginia Magazine of History and Biography Hening William Waller Hening, ed., The Statutes at Large; Being� Collection of all the Laws Qf Virginia, from the First Session of the Legislature in the year 1619, 13 vols. Journals of the House of Burgesses of Virginia Rev. Va. Revolutionary Virginia: The Road to Independence, 7 vols. LC Library of Congress PRO Public Record Office, London co Colonial Office UVA Manuscripts Department, Alderman Library, University of Virginia VHS Virginia Historical Society VSL Virginia State Library Introduction Three times in the decade before the Revolution. Vir ginians organized nonimportation associations as a protest against specific legislation from the British Parliament. -
Jational Register of Historic Places Inventory -- Nomination Form
•m No. 10-300 REV. (9/77) UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR NATIONAL PARK SERVICE JATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES INVENTORY -- NOMINATION FORM SEE INSTRUCTIONS IN HOW TO COMPLETE NATIONAL REGISTER FORMS ____________TYPE ALL ENTRIES -- COMPLETE APPLICABLE SECTIONS >_____ NAME HISTORIC BROADWAY THEATER AND COMMERCIAL DISTRICT________________________ AND/OR COMMON LOCATION STREET & NUMBER <f' 300-8^9 ^tttff Broadway —NOT FOR PUBLICATION CITY. TOWN CONGRESSIONAL DISTRICT Los Angeles VICINITY OF 25 STATE CODE COUNTY CODE California 06 Los Angeles 037 | CLASSIFICATION CATEGORY OWNERSHIP STATUS PRESENT USE X.DISTRICT —PUBLIC ^.OCCUPIED _ AGRICULTURE —MUSEUM _BUILDING(S) —PRIVATE —UNOCCUPIED .^COMMERCIAL —PARK —STRUCTURE .XBOTH —WORK IN PROGRESS —EDUCATIONAL —PRIVATE RESIDENCE —SITE PUBLIC ACQUISITION ACCESSIBLE ^ENTERTAINMENT _ REUGIOUS —OBJECT _IN PROCESS 2L.YES: RESTRICTED —GOVERNMENT —SCIENTIFIC —BEING CONSIDERED — YES: UNRESTRICTED —INDUSTRIAL —TRANSPORTATION —NO —MILITARY —OTHER: NAME Multiple Ownership (see list) STREET & NUMBER CITY. TOWN STATE VICINITY OF | LOCATION OF LEGAL DESCRIPTION COURTHOUSE. REGISTRY OF DEEDSETC. Los Angeie s County Hall of Records STREET & NUMBER 320 West Temple Street CITY. TOWN STATE Los Angeles California ! REPRESENTATION IN EXISTING SURVEYS TiTLE California Historic Resources Inventory DATE July 1977 —FEDERAL ^JSTATE —COUNTY —LOCAL DEPOSITORY FOR SURVEY RECORDS office of Historic Preservation CITY, TOWN STATE . ,. Los Angeles California DESCRIPTION CONDITION CHECK ONE CHECK ONE —EXCELLENT —DETERIORATED —UNALTERED ^ORIGINAL SITE X.GOOD 0 —RUINS X_ALTERED _MOVED DATE- —FAIR _UNEXPOSED DESCRIBE THE PRESENT AND ORIGINAL (IF KNOWN) PHYSICAL APPEARANCE The Broadway Theater and Commercial District is a six-block complex of predominately commercial and entertainment structures done in a variety of architectural styles. The district extends along both sides of Broadway from Third to Ninth Streets and exhibits a number of structures in varying condition and degree of alteration. -
Historic-Cultural Monument (HCM) List City Declared Monuments
Historic-Cultural Monument (HCM) List City Declared Monuments No. Name Address CHC No. CF No. Adopted Community Plan Area CD Notes 1 Leonis Adobe 23537 Calabasas Road 08/06/1962 Canoga Park - Winnetka - 3 Woodland Hills - West Hills 2 Bolton Hall 10116 Commerce Avenue & 7157 08/06/1962 Sunland - Tujunga - Lake View 7 Valmont Street Terrace - Shadow Hills - East La Tuna Canyon 3 Plaza Church 535 North Main Street and 100-110 08/06/1962 Central City 14 La Iglesia de Nuestra Cesar Chavez Avenue Señora la Reina de Los Angeles (The Church of Our Lady the Queen of Angels) 4 Angel's Flight 4th Street & Hill Street 08/06/1962 Central City 14 Dismantled May 1969; Moved to Hill Street between 3rd Street and 4th Street, February 1996 5 The Salt Box 339 South Bunker Hill Avenue (Now 08/06/1962 Central City 14 Moved from 339 Hope Street) South Bunker Hill Avenue (now Hope Street) to Heritage Square; destroyed by fire 1969 6 Bradbury Building 300-310 South Broadway and 216- 09/21/1962 Central City 14 224 West 3rd Street 7 Romulo Pico Adobe (Rancho 10940 North Sepulveda Boulevard 09/21/1962 Mission Hills - Panorama City - 7 Romulo) North Hills 8 Foy House 1335-1341 1/2 Carroll Avenue 09/21/1962 Silver Lake - Echo Park - 1 Elysian Valley 9 Shadow Ranch House 22633 Vanowen Street 11/02/1962 Canoga Park - Winnetka - 12 Woodland Hills - West Hills 10 Eagle Rock Eagle Rock View Drive, North 11/16/1962 Northeast Los Angeles 14 Figueroa (Terminus), 72-77 Patrician Way, and 7650-7694 Scholl Canyon Road 11 The Rochester (West Temple 1012 West Temple Street 01/04/1963 Westlake 1 Demolished February Apartments) 14, 1979 12 Hollyhock House 4800 Hollywood Boulevard 01/04/1963 Hollywood 13 13 Rocha House 2400 Shenandoah Street 01/28/1963 West Adams - Baldwin Hills - 10 Leimert City of Los Angeles May 5, 2021 Page 1 of 60 Department of City Planning No. -
Valentine Richmond History Walks Self-Guided Walk of the Oregon Hill Neighborhood
Valentine Richmond History Walks Self-Guided Walk of the Oregon Hill Neighborhood All directions are in italics. Enjoying your tour? The tour starts in front of St. Andrew's Episcopal Church, 240 S. Laurel Street Take a selfie (near the corner of Idlewood Avenue and Laurel Street). and tag us! @theValentineRVA WELCOME TO OREGON HILL The Oregon Hill Historic District extends from Cary Street to the James River and from Belvidere Street to Hollywood Cemetery and Linden Street. Oregon Hill’s name is said to have originated in the late 1850s, when a joke emerged that people who were moving into the area were so far from the center of Richmond that they might as well be moving to Oregon. By the mid-1900s, Oregon Hill was an insular neighborhood of white, blue-collar families and had a reputation as a rough area where outsiders and African-Americans, in particular, weren’t welcome. Today, Oregon Hill is home to two renowned restaurants and a racially and economically diverse population that includes long-time residents, Virginia Commonwealth University (VCU) students and people wanting to live in a historic part of Richmond. You’re standing in front of St. Andrew’s Episcopal Church, which began in 1873 as a Sunday school mission of St. Paul's Episcopal Church in downtown Richmond. The original church building, erected in 1875, was made of wood, but in 1901, it was replaced by this building. It is Gothic Revival in style, and the corner tower is 115 feet high. It was added to the National Register of Historic Places in 1979. -
The Page Family of Rosewell and Mannsfield: a Study in Economic Decline
W&M ScholarWorks Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects 1987 The Page Family of Rosewell and Mannsfield: A Study in Economic Decline Betty Crowe. Leviner College of William & Mary - Arts & Sciences Follow this and additional works at: https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd Part of the Economic History Commons, and the United States History Commons Recommended Citation Leviner, Betty Crowe., "The Page Family of Rosewell and Mannsfield: A Study in conomicE Decline" (1987). Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects. Paper 1539625407. https://dx.doi.org/doi:10.21220/s2-60p7-7j44 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Theses, Dissertations, & Master Projects at W&M ScholarWorks. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations, Theses, and Masters Projects by an authorized administrator of W&M ScholarWorks. For more information, please contact [email protected]. THE PAGE FAMILY OF ROSEWELL AND MANNSFIELD: A STUDY IN ECONOMIC DECLINE A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of the Department of History The College of William and Mary in Virginia In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Arts by Betty Crowe Leviner 1987 APPROVAL SHEET This thesis is submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Master of Arts Author Approved, May, 1987 — r ------------------------_ James P. Whittenburg \ John Je . I Selby Graham Hood TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ACKNOWLEDGMENTS...................................................... iv ABSTRACT .......................................................... v INTRODUCTION . ............ 1 CHAPTER I. MANN PAGE I AND II: THE BUILDERS .................. 5 CHAPTER II. THE INHERITORS ................................. 21 CHAPTER III. THE DOWNWARD SPI R A L .................................... 38 CONCLUSION .......................................................... 62 ENDNOTES .............................................................66 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................ -
National Register of Historic Places Weekly Lists for 1992
United States Department of the Interior NATIONAL PARK SERVICE P.O. BOX 37127 WASHINGTON, D.C. 20013-7127 IN aEPLy a£F£K TO: The Director of the Natlonal Park service is pleased to Inform you that the fol lowing properties have been entered In the National Register of Historic Places. For further Information cal I 202/343-9542. JAN 3 1992 WEEKLY LIST OF ACTIONS TAKEN ON PROPERTIES: 12/23/91 THROJc:>1 12/27/91 KEY: state. county, ProPerty Name. Address/soundary, City, vicinity, Reference Nuntier N-IL status. Action, Date, MUitipie Name ARIZONA. c.ocoNINO co..NTY. Fjrst Baptist church, 123 s. Beaver St .• Flagstaff. 91001576, IIOMINATION, 12/23/91 ARIZONA, COCONINO COl.NTY. Pendley Homestead Historic District. us 89-A, 7 ml.Nor Sedona. Sedona vicinity, 91001857, NOMINATION, 12/23/91 CALIFORNIA, ALAMEDA COlNTY, The Bellevue-Staten. 492 Staten Ave .. 0akland. 91001896, NOMINATION. 12/27/91 CALIFORNIA, ORANOE CQU,ITY, Casa Romantica. 415 Avenlda cranada, San Clemente. 91001900. NOMINATION, 12/27/91 COLORADO, MONTEZUMA CQU,ITY, Mancos High school, 350 crand AVe., Mancos. 91001740. NOMINATION, 12/23/91 IDAHO. CARIBCX.J cou,rry_ Largllliere, Edgar waiter sr. HOuse. 30 west second south st .• soda Springs. 91001870. NOMINATION. 12/23/91 INDIANA, MARION oou,rTY. St. Clair. 109 w. ~t. Clair St., Indianapolis, 83000085. REMOVAL. 12/04/91 (Apartments and Flats of oowntown Indianapolis TR) IOWA. ALLAMAKEE cou,rry, Lans jng Fisher les Bui !ding. Between co. HWy. X-52 and the Miss lss lppi R.. south uns ing. Lans Ing, 91001832. NOMINATION, 12/23/91 <conservation Movement in 1owa MPS) IOWA. -
Serving Handicapped Visitors
U.S. Department of the Interior National Park Service and GRIST National Recreation May/June 1982 and Park Association Volume 26/Number 3 Serving Handicapped Visitors Helping to provide safe and en joyable experiences to handicapped persons at beaches is an important step in mainstreaming the disabled in our society. One method of pro viding these experiences is to train lifeguards in the supervision and rescue of handicapped swimmers. Richard D. Baker, chief lifeguard at Assateague Island National Seashore (MD-VA) suggests establishing such a lifeguard train ing program and he refers us to the American Red Cross publication Adapted Aquatics as a training text. Baker also recommends publi cizing the lifeguard services and recreation program accessibility so that this information is available to all. He suggests publishing a brochure as part of Assateague Island's water safety recreation use program which highlights this information. The brochure would state. "All lifeguards receive training in first aid, CPR, lifesaving and beach supervision. They are also trained to supervise main- streamed handicapped visitors and to handle them in emergencies. "Groups with members who share characteristics that are special problems in aquatic recreation may want to use the protected beach and integrate their group with the general public. Group leaders should consult with a supervisory lifeguard concerning group characteristics such as non- swimmers, poor swimmers, or disabilities, before letting their group go into the water. (continued on p. 19) 17 Safety Grist Increasing Vehicle Stairway Safety A publication of the Park Practice Program Visibility The Park Practice Program is a cooperative effort of Doyal Glenn Jackson, maintenance the National Park Service and the National Recreation work leader at the Ozark National and Park Association. -
Jamestown Long Range Interpretive Plan (LRIP)
Jamestown Colonial National Historical Park Long Range Interpretive Plan Update July 2009 Prepared for the National Park Service by Ron Thomson, Compass Table of Contents Part 1: Foundation Introduction 4 Background 6 Park in 2009 12 Purpose & Significance 19 Interpretive Themes 22 Audiences 29 Audience Experiences 32 Issues & Initiatives 35 Part 2: Taking Action Introduction 38 Projects from 2000 Plan 38 Current Area of Focus 40 Enhance Existing Resources 40 Anniversaries/Events 43 Linking Research, Interpretation & Sales 44 Education Programs 45 Technology for Interpretation 46 Evaluation & Professional Standards 47 Staffing & Training 47 Library, Collection & Research Needs 48 Implementation Charts 52 Participants 59 Appendices 1. Other Planning Documents 60 2. Partner Mission Statements 64 3. Second Century Goals 66 4. Interpretation & Education Renaissance Action Plan 69 5. Children in Nature 71 2 Part 1 The Foundation 3 Introduction The Long Range Interpretive Plan A Long Range Interpretive Plan (LRIP) provides a 5+ year vision for a park’s interpretive program. A facilitator skilled in interpretive planning works with park staff, partners, and outside consultants to prepare a plan that is consistent with other current planning documents. Part 1 of the LRIP establishes criteria against which existing and proposed personal services and media can be measured. It identifies themes, audiences, audience experiences, and issues. Part 2 describes the mix of services and facilities that are necessary to achieve management goals and interpretive mission. It includes implementation charts that plot a course of action, assign responsibilities, and offer a schedule of activity. When appropriate, Appendices provide more detailed discussions of specific topics. The completed LRIP forms a critical part of the more inclusive Comprehensive Interpretive Plan (CIP). -
Loudoun County African-American Historic Architectural Resources Survey
Loudoun County African-American Historic Architectural Resources Survey Lincoln "Colored" School, 1938. From the Library of Virginia: School Building Services Photograph Collection. Prepared by: History Matters, LLC Washington, DC September 2004 Sponsored by the Loudoun County Board of Supervisors & The Black History Committee of the Friends of the Thomas Balch Library Leesburg, VA Loudoun County African-American Historic Architectural Resources Survey Prepared by: Kathryn Gettings Smith Edna Johnston Megan Glynn History Matters, LLC Washington, DC September 2004 Sponsored by the Loudoun County Board of Supervisors & The Black History Committee of the Friends of the Thomas Balch Library Leesburg, VA Loudoun County Department of Planning 1 Harrison Street, S.E., 3rd Floor Leesburg, VA 20175 703-777-0246 Table of Contents I. Abstract 4 II. Acknowledgements 5 III. List of Figures 6 IV. Project Description and Research Design 8 V. Historic Context A. Historic Overview 10 B. Discussion of Surveyed Resources 19 VI. Survey Findings 56 VII. Recommendations 58 VIII. Bibliography 62 IX. Appendices A. Indices of Surveyed Resources 72 B. Brief Histories of Surveyed Towns, Villages, Hamlets, 108 & Neighborhoods C. African-American Cemeteries in Loudoun County 126 D. Explanations of Historic Themes 127 E. Possible Sites For Future Survey 130 F. Previously Documented Resources with Significance to 136 Loudoun County’s African-American History 1 Figure 1: Map of Loudoun County, Virginia with principal roads, towns, and waterways. Map courtesy of the Loudoun County Office of Mapping. 2 Figure 2. Historically African-American Communities of Loudoun County, Virginia. Prepared by Loudoun County Office of Mapping, May 15, 2001 (Map #2001-015) from data collected by the Black History Committee of the Friends of Thomas Balch Library, Leesburg, Va. -
James Longstreet and the Retreat from Gettysburg
“Such a night is seldom experienced…” James Longstreet and the Retreat from Gettysburg Karlton Smith, Gettysburg NMP After the repulse of Lt. Gen. James Longstreet’s Assault on July 3, 1863, Gen. Robert E. Lee, commanding the Army of Northern Virginia, knew that the only option left for him at Gettysburg was to try to disengage from his lines and return with his army to Virginia. Longstreet, commander of the army’s First Corps and Lee’s chief lieutenant, would play a significant role in this retrograde movement. As a preliminary to the general withdrawal, Longstreet decided to pull his troops back from the forward positions gained during the fighting on July 2. Lt. Col. G. Moxley Sorrel, Longstreet’s adjutant general, delivered the necessary orders to Maj. Gen. Lafayette McLaws, commanding one of Longstreet’s divisions. Sorrel offered to carry the order to Brig. Gen. Evander M. Law, commanding John B. Hood’s division, on McLaws’s right. McLaws raised objections to this order. He felt that his advanced position was important and “had been won after a deadly struggle; that the order was given no doubt because of [George] Pickett’s repulse, but as there was no pursuit there was no necessity of it.” Sorrel interrupted saying: “General, there is no discretion allowed, the order is for you to retire at once.” Gen. James Longstreet, C.S.A. (LOC) As McLaws’s forward line was withdrawing to Warfield and Seminary ridges, the Federal batteries on Little Round Top opened fire, “but by quickening the pace the aim was so disturbed that no damage was done.” McLaws’s line was followed by “clouds of skirmishers” from the Federal Army of the Potomac; however, after reinforcing his own skirmish line they were driven back from the Peach Orchard area. -
Integrating the MAPS Program Into Coordinated Bird Monitoring in the Northeast (U.S
Integrating the MAPS Program into Coordinated Bird Monitoring in the Northeast (U.S. Fish and Wildlife Service Region 5) A Report Submitted to the Northeast Coordinated Bird Monitoring Partnership and the American Bird Conservancy P.O. Box 249, 4249 Loudoun Avenue, The Plains, Virginia 20198 David F. DeSante, James F. Saracco, Peter Pyle, Danielle R. Kaschube, and Mary K. Chambers The Institute for Bird Populations P.O. Box 1346 Point Reyes Station, CA 94956-1346 Voice: 415-663-2050 Fax: 415-663-9482 www.birdpop.org [email protected] March 31, 2008 i TABLE OF CONTENTS EXECUTIVE SUMMARY .................................................................................................................... 1 INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................. 3 METHODS ............................................................................................................................................. 5 Collection of MAPS data.................................................................................................................... 5 Considered Species............................................................................................................................. 6 Reproductive Indices, Population Trends, and Adult Apparent Survival .......................................... 6 MAPS Target Species......................................................................................................................... 7 Priority -
Downtown Richmond, Virginia
Hebrew Cemetery HOSPITAL ST. Shockoe Cemetery Downtown Richmond, Virginia Visitor Center Walking Tour Richmond Liberty Trail Interpretive Walk Parking Segway Tour Richmond Slave Trail Multiuse Trail Sixth Mt. Zion Baptist Church Park Water Attraction James River Flood Wall National Donor J. Sargeant Reynolds Memorial Community College Maggie Walker Downtown Campus National Bill “Bojangles” Oliver Hill Greater Robinson Statue Historic Site Bust Richmond Richmond Convention Coliseum Abner Center Clay Park Hippodrome Theater Museum and Valentine White House of John Richmond the Confederacy Jefferson RICHMOND REGION Abady Marshall History Center Park VISITOR CENTER House Festival VCU Medical Center Patrick Park and MCV Campus Richmond’s Henry Park City First African African Burial Stuart C. Virginia Repertory The National Hall Old City Monumental Siegel Center Sara Belle and Theater Hall Church Baptist Church Ground Neil November St. John’s Theatre Libraryof Virginia Church Richmond Virginia Civil Rights Lumpkin’s Jail Elegba Center Stage George Monument Washington River Chimborazo Folklore . Winfree Cottage T Monument S Medical Museum Society City Segs H Executive T 2 Bell Virginia Mansion 1 Tower Beth Ahabah Capitol Old Museum & St. Paul’s 17th Street Episcopal First Fellows Edgar Allan Archives Freedom Reconciliation Hall Farmers’ Market Soldiers & Sailers VCU Monroe Richmond Bolling Church Statue Poe Museum Monument Park Campus Monroe Center Public Library Haxall Main Street Cathedral of the Park House Auction Station Virginia W.E. Singleton