DOCSLIB.ORG

Coastal Wetlands and the Climate Crisis

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Coastal Wetlands and the Climate Crisis Coastal wetlands and the climate crisis: Why the Mediterranean needs nature-based solutions Italy will face substantial flooding Heatwaves: Increased in coastal areas frequency, intensity The crisis in and duration The Balearics and Mediterranean wetlands: other areas will see Desert areas increase in substantial changes in * Spain, Portugal, Morocco, their shorelines numbers Algeria, Tunisia, Sicily, vital but vanishing Turkey, Syria One-third of the region’s coastal population will be The Mediterranean is getting hotter – and we need its wetlands more than ever. affected by rising Wetlands are at the heart of life itself. They give us our drinking water, irrigate our sea levels Mediterranean crops, support huge biodiversity, underpin cultures, and are increasingly vital in the population under severe 15 megacities fight to mitigate and adapt to climate change. But our wetlands are in trouble. In the water stress: (>1 million inhabitants) 1.5°C are at risk Mediterranean we’ve destroyed about half of our wetlands in the last 50 years, and there rise since Today: 180 million from flooding are intense pressures on remaining areas, most of which are damaged and degraded. 1880-1899 By 2040: 250 million When we lose our wetlands, we lose all the benefits and services they offer – and with a growing population and a heating planet, we can’t afford for this to happen. The Mediterranean: 2.2°C AIR projected a climate crisis hotspot rise by 2040 15-30% The Mediterranean is a climate change hotspot, and this makes how we manage its wetlands in the coming rainfall decades all the more significant. decrease by 2100 10-20% Scientific projections for climate change in the region were released by the network of Mediterranean increase in heavy Experts on Climate and Environmental Change (MedECC) in 2019. The findings are shocking, rainfall events >3.8°C by 2080 confirming that the region will be hit harder and faster than most other parts of the world. This will have projected rise serious social, economic and environmental consequences for millions of people. by 2100 The overall figures vary depending on the scenarios used in the estimates, but they paint a vivid picture of a region at the sharp end of the climate crisis: 50% RAINFALL AND flood risk increase by 1.8-3.5°C FLOODS 2100 hotter by The Mediterranean 2100 region is warming 2.2°C 52-190cm projected global average rise by 2100 temperature 20% 13% faster than the rest erosion risk rise by 2040 of the world* increase by 2100 3.4mm MEDITERRANEAN rise per SEA year © MedIsWet * MedECC, 2018 2 *Figures from Risks associated to climate and environmental changes in the Mediterranean region, MedECC, 2018 3 How wetlands provide CO2 Flood defences Wetlands disperse and absorb excess CO2 nature-based solutions water, which slows down flows, preventing soil erosion and flood damage caused by extreme weather events. Water to the climate crisis stored in this way can also help maintain river levels during droughts. Such events are increasing, and throughH2 Othis ‘sponge effect’ wetlands offer a really Against the urgent backdrop of a changing climate, healthy wetlands provide people effective – and entirely natural – way of defending Biodiversity and planet with diverse critical services – effectively, they offer nature-based solutions ourselves against the damage they cause. H2O to manmade problems. Wetlands are among the most productive habitats on Earth, and CO2 Carbon sinks Mediterranean wetlands are home to some of the world’s richest biodiversity: freshwater Wetlands are among the under threat* wetlands hold more than 40% of the world’s world’s most significant carbon species and 12% of all animal species. Coastal sinks – estimates show they wetlands host countless bird species, especially currently store up to 40% of the during migrations, and shelter critical fish world’s carbon. Restoring more wetland areas populations. Biodiversity projections in a would sequester more carbon, reducing the heating climate show major losses in all species level of atmospheric greenhouse gases fuelling H2O groups, so it’s imperative that existing wetland global heating, and making an important habitats remain viable and as many others as contribution to mitigating future temperature possible are restored. CO2 rises. When they’re destroyed, though, the carbon they store enters the atmosphere – so damaging wetlands doesn’t just prevent us Reduction in Reduction in Change in animal wetlands Reduction in flood control abundance from enjoying their benefits, it directly makes since 1970 river flows capacity 36% since 1990 95% Wetlands today: a Mediterranean crisis the world a hotter place. Wetland species Coastal wetland Wetland areas used to extend across vast -48% -25% -20% threatened by -35% sites home to expanses of the Mediterranean basin, CO2 extinction more than 50,000 but for hundreds of years wetlands were H2O Water provision and waterbirds seen as land that needed to be drained, purification threatened by filled in, cleared, made ‘productive’. The sea level rise Wetlands are the kidneys of process accelerated in the 20th century as Nature. They play a critical part in -75% a fast-growing population drove runaway storing and cleaning our drinking development in an increasingly resource- water, either directly or by recharging starved region. CO2 Protection from rising seas groundwater aquifers. Climate change is H2O Food provision Today wetlands cover some 18.5 million reducing the quantity and quality of available Along the coast, wetlands buffer the hectares, between 1.7-2.4% of the total area water, while demand continues to rise. land from waves and wind. As sea levels The global food system is one of the of the 27 Mediterranean countries. With a Once water enters wetland systems, plants rise, coastal wetland areas from sand biggest contributors to climate change. very few exceptions their flooding regimes known as hydrophytes filter its chemicals dunes to mangroves become the first line of Sustainable aquaculture and coastal are now artificially managed, and many of and sediment, absorbing pollutants and defence against the encroaching salt waters – which fisheries can both provide important low- the remaining areas are badly degraded. converting them into nutrients, a natural otherwise threaten settlements, farmland, drinking carbon sources of nutrition to reduce net emissions purification and storage system. In a water-H2O water supplies and freshwater ecosystems. The more – but to operate successfully over the long term both stressed Mediterranean, this role is growing robust and resilient they are, the more effectively depend on healthy and resilient wetlands. more important by the day. they can dissipate the energy of the waves. * Source: report “Mediterranean wetlands - Challenges and prospects 2: solutions for sustainable Mediterranean wetlands”, MWO-OZHM, Tour du Valat, 2018. 4 5 Why are our Ramsar: working for wetlands wetlands Wetlands have one effective global mechanism dedicated to their ‘conservation and wise use’: the Ramsar Convention. An international treaty which came into force in 1976, the Ramsar Convention identifies and protects internationally important wetland sites, encouraging disappearing? action and cooperation between the 170 contracting parties. In total, there are 2,372 Ramsar sites in the world covering over 2.5 million km2. There are currently 424 Ramsar sites in the Mediterranean, and campaigners are working hard to bring other important Mediterranean Agriculture – The single biggest factor in the wetland areas under Ramsar Convention protection. loss of Mediterranean wetlands is agriculture. Vast areas have been drained and converted for agricultural use. MedWet: Development – From ever-spreading industry driving action and urbanisation to waterfront tourist complexes, 8. infrastructure development has ravaged much of 24. The Mediterranean Wetlands the Mediterranean’s natural heritage – wetlands Initiative (MedWet) encourages have been at the sharp end of land use change, 21. 5. 3. and supports wetland managers particularly in coastal regions. 20. 4. 16. and governments to adopt Changes in hydrology – Few wetlands 11. 17. 22. 1. policies and take action today maintain natural hydrological cycles: dams, 26. on the ground to drive the dikes and diverted flows for irrigation and other 19. 9. conservation and sustainable purposes all reduce nature’s ability to self-regulate, 15. 23. use of Mediterranean wetlands. and ecological processes begin to break down. 25. 6. Sedimentation/erosion 2. Founded in 1991, MedWet – Wetland 18. 13. was the first – and remains the vegetation plays an important role in keeping 10. leading – regional initiative 7. 12. waterways clear – when it’s removed for 14. officially recognised under the grazing or development, banks are eroded and Ramsar Convention. sedimentation follows. Pollution Geared to long-term – Agriculture, industry and urban collaboration, MedWet is centres all pollute wetlands, harming biodiversity the only platform where and reducing the resilience of natural processes. Country Ramsar sites Hectares Country Ramsar sites Hectares* institutions and civil society Invasive species – Whether introduced on 1. Albania 4 98,181 14. Libya 2 83 share knowledge and technical purpose or by accident, alien wetland species 2. Algeria 50 2,991,013 15. Malta 2 117 capacity for the benefit of can out-compete native ones, unbalancing 3. Bosnia and Herzegovina 3 56,779 16. Monaco 1 23 wetlands in the Mediterranean. ecosystems. The issue is compounded because 4. Bulgaria 17. Montenegro It includes the 27 Mediterranean waterways act as networks through which new 11 49,873 3 21,627 5. Croatia 5 94,358 18. Morocco 38 316,086 contracting parties to the species spread. 6.Cyprus 19. Portugal Ramsar Convention, as well Climate change 1 1,107 31 132,487 – While wetlands can help 7. Egypt 20. Serbia 4 415,532 10 63,919 as Palestine, the Ramsar defend us against climate change when they’re 8. France 21. Slovenia Secretariat, intergovernmental 49 3,714,412 3 8,205 preserved, they’re also directly threatened by it.
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Rapid Cultural Inventories of Wetlands in Arab States Including Ramsar Sites and World Heritage Properties
    Rapid cultural inventories of wetlands in Arab states including Ramsar Sites and World Heritage Properties Building greater understanding of cultural values and practices as a contribution to conservation success Tarek Abulhawa – Lead Author Tricia Cummings – Research and Data Analysis Supported by: May 2017 Acknowledgements The report team expresses their utmost appreciation to Ms. Mariam Ali from the Ramsar Secretariat and Ms. Haifaa Abdulhalim from the Tabe’a Programme (IUCN’s programme in partnership with ARC-WH) for their guidance and support on the preparation of this regional assessment. Special gratitude is extended to all the national focal points from the target countries and sites as well as international experts and colleagues from the Ramsar and IUCN networks for their valuable contributions and reviews of assignment reports drafts. Finally, the team wants to take the opportunity to thank all the peoples of the wetlands in the Arab states for their long established commitment to the protection of their wetlands through their cultural values, traditional knowledge and sustainable practices for the benefit of future generations. Cover: Traditional felucca fishing boat, Tunisia. DGF Tunisa Contents Executive summary . 4 Introduction . 9 Methodology . 13 Assessment Results . 21 Algeria . 23 La Vallée d’Iherir . 24 Oasis de Tamantit et Sid Ahmed Timmi. 27 Réserve Intégrale du Lac Tonga . 32 Egypt . 35 Lake Bardawil . 36 Lake Burullus . 41 Wadi El Rayan Protected Area . 44 Iraq . 49 Central Marshes . 52 Hammar Marshes . 55 Hawizeh Marshes . 58 Mauritania . 63 Lac Gabou et le réseau hydrographique du Plateau du Tagant . 64 Parc National du Banc d’Arguin . 67 Parc National du Diawling .
    [Show full text]
  • Anthropogenic Changes in a Mediterranean Coastal Wetland During the Last Century—The Case of Gialova Lagoon, Messinia, Greece
    water Review Anthropogenic Changes in a Mediterranean Coastal Wetland during the Last Century—The Case of Gialova Lagoon, Messinia, Greece Giorgos Maneas 1,2,*, Eirini Makopoulou 1, Dimitris Bousbouras 3, Håkan Berg 1 and Stefano Manzoni 1,4 1 Department of Physical Geography, Stockholm University, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden; [email protected] (E.M.); [email protected] (H.B.); [email protected] (S.M.) 2 Navarino Environmental Observatory, 24001 SW Messinia, Greece 3 Hellenic Ornithological Society, 10681 Athens, Greece; [email protected] 4 Bolin Centre for Climate Research, 10691 Stockholm, Sweden * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +30-6979809570 Received: 16 December 2018; Accepted: 12 February 2019; Published: 19 February 2019 Abstract: Human interventions during the last 70 years have altered the characteristics of the Gialova Lagoon, a coastal wetland that is part of a wider Natura 2000 site. In this study, we explore how human interventions and climate altered the wetland’s hydrological conditions and habitats, leading to changing wetland functions over time. Our interpretations are based on a mixed methodological approach combining conceptual hydrologic models, analysis of aerial photographs, local knowledge, field observations, and GIS (Geographic Information System) analyses. The results show that the combined effects of human interventions and climate have led to increased salinity in the wetland over time. As a result, the fresh and brackish water marshes have gradually been turned into open water or replaced by halophytic vegetation with profound ecological implications. Furthermore, current human activities inside the Natura 2000 area and in the surrounding areas could further impact on the water quantity and quality in the wetland, and on its sensitive ecosystems.
    [Show full text]
  • Biogeochemistry of Mediterranean Wetlands: a Review About the Effects of Water-Level Fluctuations on Phosphorus Cycling and Greenhouse Gas Emissions
    water Review Biogeochemistry of Mediterranean Wetlands: A Review about the Effects of Water-Level Fluctuations on Phosphorus Cycling and Greenhouse Gas Emissions Inmaculada de Vicente 1,2 1 Departamento de Ecología, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain; [email protected]; Tel.: +34-95-824-9768 2 Instituto del Agua, Universidad de Granada, 18071 Granada, Spain Abstract: Although Mediterranean wetlands are characterized by extreme natural water level fluctu- ations in response to irregular precipitation patterns, global climate change is expected to amplify this pattern by shortening precipitation seasons and increasing the incidence of summer droughts in this area. As a consequence, a part of the lake sediment will be exposed to air-drying in dry years when the water table becomes low. This periodic sediment exposure to dry/wet cycles will likely affect biogeochemical processes. Unexpectedly, to date, few studies are focused on assessing the effects of water level fluctuations on the biogeochemistry of these ecosystems. In this review, we investigate the potential impacts of water level fluctuations on phosphorus dynamics and on greenhouse gases emissions in Mediterranean wetlands. Major drivers of global change, and specially water level fluctuations, will lead to the degradation of water quality in Mediterranean wetlands by increasing the availability of phosphorus concentration in the water column upon rewetting of dry sediment. CO2 fluxes are likely to be enhanced during desiccation, while inundation is likely to decrease cumulative CO emissions, as well as N O emissions, although increasing CH emissions. Citation: de Vicente, I. 2 2 4 Biogeochemistry of Mediterranean However, there exists a complete gap of knowledge about the net effect of water level fluctuations Wetlands: A Review about the Effects induced by global change on greenhouse gases emission.
    [Show full text]
  • Characterisation of Mediterranean Wetlands’ Water Requirements with an Emphasis on Current Environmental Issues
    Voie d’Approfondissement et Mastère « Gestion de l’Eau » - 2007-2008 CIRED - UMR CNRS/EHESS/ENGREF TECHNICAL SYNTHESIS CHARACTERISATION OF MEDITERRANEAN WETLANDS’ WATER REQUIREMENTS WITH AN EMPHASIS ON CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL ISSUES SPYRATOS VASSILIS E-mail: [email protected] January 2008 ENGREF Centre de Montpellier B.P.44494 – 34093 MONTPELLIER CEDEX 5 Tél. (33) 4 67 04 71 00 Fax (33) 4 67 04 71 01 0 ABSTRACT Wetlands are rich and diverse ecosystems. They provide numerous ecosystem services and important, noteworthy hydrological and ecological, functions. International conventions and national legislations provide a comprehensive set of official commitments to their preservation. Wetlands’ preservation is also highly recommended by scientific communities and international organisations. Most Mediterranean wetlands have been historically drained for water-borne disease and agricultural uses. Remaining wetlands are currently heavily threatened by physical alteration and by drastic hydrological changes. An important challenge for the long term preservation of water resources in the Mediterranean lays in finding ways of securing appropriate allocation of water to wetlands. Key Words: wetlands, ecosystems water requirements, Mediterranean, water allocation and management, strategic environmental analysis 1 PLAN INTRODUCTION I. CHARACTERISATION OF MEDITERRANEAN WETLANDS 0 Wetlands definitions 0 The Mediterranean region 0 Mediterranean wetlands: various, useful and fragile ecosystems II. ECOLOGICAL STATUS AND MAIN DEGRADATION CAUSES 0 Historical
    [Show full text]
  • The Ramsar Strategic Plan 2003-2008
    "Wetlands: water, life, and culture" 8th Meeting of the Conference of the Contracting Parties to the Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971) Valencia, Spain, 18-26 November 2002 Resolution VIII.25 The Ramsar Strategic Plan 2003-2008 1. RECALLING that Resolution VI.14 adopted the Strategic Plan 1997-2002 as the basis for the implementation of the Convention; 2. RECOGNIZING that the implementation by Contracting Parties and others of the Strategic Plan 1997-2002 has permitted a more coherent and effective realization of the Convention, but AWARE that there remain many and increasing challenges to achieving globally consistent delivery of wetland conservation and wise use; 3. AWARE that to achieve wetland conservation and wise use, a broader approach to wetland conservation and sustainable development is needed, notably in relation to poverty eradication and food and water security, integrated approaches to water management, climate change and its predicted impacts, increasing globalization of trade and reducing of trade barriers, the increasing role of the private sector, and the increasing influence of development banks and international development agencies; 4. FURTHER AWARE of a number of challenges that still require urgent attention in order to achieve wetland wise use under the Convention, including inter alia: inventory; assessment and monitoring; institutional frameworks and laws; integration of wetland wise use into local, national and international planning and decision-making; the role of wetlands, their values and functions
    [Show full text]
  • Action for Culture in Mediterranean Wetlands Culture Action for Cover Page: Fishing at Orbetello Lagoon
    Thymio Papayannis Med-INA Med-INA works closely with the following The Mediterranean Institute for Nature institutions: and Anthropos is a non-profit science and ñ Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar,1971) conservation organization established in ñ MedWet Initiative 2003,in Greece,with an international man- ñ IUCN / WCPA / CSVPA Task Force date. ñ European Landscape Convention Its mission is to contribute to a harmonious ñ UNESCO / World Heritage Convention Action for culture relationship between Anthropos (Man- ñThe Society for the Protection of Prespa kind) and Nature, by working on the interface between the two,particularly in Contacts: in Mediterranean wetlands the Mediterranean Region,through multi- Irini Lyratzaki disciplinary research,intergrated action and Med-INA Scientific Secretariat public awareness. 23 Voucourestiou Street, 10671 Athens, Greece Main activities T: +30 210 3600712 Med-INA’s main current activities include: F: +30 210 3629338 ñAnalyzing cultural activities in 21 Mediter- E: [email protected] ranean wetland sites and drawing con- clusions for the conservation jointly of natural and cultural values. ñDeveloping the guidance for the in- corporation of cultural values in the management of wetlands for the Ramsar Convention. ñAssisting the Society for the Protection of Prespa in establishing the Prespa Centre for Nature and Anthropos. ñWorking on the conservation of Mediter- ranean landscapes,focussing on island cultural landscapes, water related landscapes and the landscapes of Greece. ñEditing with Peter Howard the double issue of the International Journal of Heritage Studies on Nature as heritage (September 2007). ñCo-ordinating jointly with Silene (Catalonia, Spain) the Delos Initia- tive on sacred natural sites in devel- oped countries, in the framework of IUCN / WCPA and its Task Force on Cultural and Spiritual Values.
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Mediterranean Wetlands.Pdf
    VOLUME FIFTY EIGHT ADVANCES IN ECOLOGICAL RESEARCH Next Generation Biomonitoring: Part 1 Edited by DAVID A. BOHAN Directeur de Recherche UMR 1347 Agroecologie AgroSup/UB/INRA Pole^ GESTAD, Dijon, France ALEX J. DUMBRELL School of Biological Sciences University of Essex Wivenhoe Park, Colchester, Essex, United Kingdom GUY WOODWARD Imperial College London, Ascot, Berkshire, United Kingdom MICHELLE JACKSON Imperial College London, Ascot, Berkshire, United Kingdom Academic Press is an imprint of Elsevier The Boulevard, Langford Lane, Kidlington, Oxford OX5 1GB, United Kingdom 125 London Wall, London EC2Y 5AS, United Kingdom 50 Hampshire Street, 5th Floor, Cambridge, MA 02139, United States 525 B Street, Suite 1800, San Diego, CA 92101-4495, United States First edition 2018 © 2018 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying, recording, or any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Details on how to seek permission, further information about the Publisher’s permissions policies and our arrangements with organizations such as the Copyright Clearance Center and the Copyright Licensing Agency, can be found at our website: www.elsevier.com/permissions. This book and the individual contributions contained in it are protected under copyright by the Publisher (other than as may be noted herein). Notices Knowledge and best practice in this field are constantly changing. As new research and experience broaden our understanding, changes in research methods, professional practices, or medical treatment may become necessary. Practitioners and researchers must always rely on their own experience and knowledge in evaluating and using any information, methods, compounds, or experiments described herein.
    [Show full text]
  • 2 Global Distribution, Diversity and Human Alterations of Wetland Resources
    2 Global Distribution, Diversity and Human Alterations of Wetland Resources DENNIS F. WHIGHAM Smithsonian Environmental Research Center, Edgewater, USA INTRODUCTION Wetlands of International Importance Especially as Waterfowl Habitat, published in 1971, gives: This chapter outlines the distribution and ... wetlands are areas of marsh, fen, peatland or water, diversity of wetland resources and examines the whether natural or artificial, permanent or tempo­ types of human activities that have resulted in rary, with water that is static or flowing, fresh, brack­ widespread alteration. The term 'wetland' has a ish or salt, including areas of marine water the depth variety of meanings, and examples are given of of which at low tide does not exceed six metres. the terminology used to describe different types Another widely used wetland definition was of wetlands. The processes responsible for the for­ developed by the US Fish and Wildlife Service for mation and persistence of wetlands are indicated purposes of bringing consistency to an ongoing and consideration is given to human perceptions national debate related to inventory, regulation of these ecosystems and threats to them from and conservation of wetlands in the United States both natural and anthropogenic activities. (Cowardin et al. 1979; Mitsch and Gosselink 2000; Tiner 1996). The Cowardin et al. definition, developed as part of a classification system, is: DEFINITIONS AND CLASSIFICAnON ... lands transitional between terrestrial and aquatic Many definitions of wetlands have been devel­
    [Show full text]
  • Global Wetland Outlook | 2018 1 PREFACE
    GLOBAL WETLAND cover pic to show humannatural OUTLOOKflourishingwetland with State of the world’s wetlands and their services to people 2018 Convention on Wetlands © Ramsar Convention Secretariat 2018 Project coordination, support and production assistance provided by the Secretariat of the Ramsar Convention on Citation: Ramsar Convention on Wetlands. (2018). Wetlands under the leadership of the Secretary General, Global Wetland Outlook: State of the World’s Wetlands Martha Rojas Urrego. and their Services to People. Gland, Switzerland: Ramsar Convention Secretariat. Disclaimer: The views expressed in this information product are those of the authors or contributors and do not necessarily Coordinating Lead Authors: Royal C. Gardner and reflect the views or policies of the Ramsar Convention and do C. Max Finlayson not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the Section 1: Lead Authors: Royal C. Gardner and C. Max part of the Convention on Wetlands (the Ramsar Convention) Finlayson concerning the legal or development status of any country, Section 2: Lead Authors: C. Max Finlayson, Nick territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the Davidson, Siobhan Fennessy, David Coates, and Royal C. delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Gardner. Contributing Authors: Will Darwall, Michael Acknowledgements: The authors would like to express Dema, Mark Everard, Louise McRae, Christian Perennou sincere thanks to the many wetland experts who contributed and David Stroud to the Global Wetland Outlook, including the participants
    [Show full text]
  • When Dynamism Is the Baseline: Long-Term Ecology
    Biodiversity and Conservation (2019) 28:501–522 https://doi.org/10.1007/s10531-018-1674-z ORIGINAL PAPER When dynamism is the baseline: long‑term ecology of a Mediterranean seasonal wetland in the Doñana National Park (Southwestern Europe) Saúl Manzano1 · José S. Carrión1 · Pablo García‑Murillo2 · Lourdes López‑Merino3 Received: 23 July 2018 / Revised: 9 November 2018 / Accepted: 16 November 2018 / Published online: 22 November 2018 © Springer Nature B.V. 2018 Abstract Mediterranean seasonal wetlands are amongst the world’s most endangered ecosystems. Although seasonal wetlands’ conservation is a European continental-scale priority, their long-term ecological dynamics are not well known, hampering the detection of baseline conditions. However, a long-term ecological viewpoint could aid in the detection of spa- tiotemporal factors controlling wetland development. We have applied a multi-proxy pal- aeoecological approach (palynological, microcharcoal, magnetic susceptibility, loss on ignition and diversity estimates analyses) on a 360-cm core retrieved from the El Sopetón (ElSo), a temporary wetland nested between dunes in the paradigmatic Doñana coastal area. The palaeoecological analyses reveal ~ 300–500-year-long wetland phases linked to dune immobilisation during humid periods. During the frst wetland phase (AD ~ 40–315), upland and wetland vegetation diversity dynamics follow opposite trends owing to the dif- ferent efect that dune proliferation had on them. Fixed dune landscapes provided upland spatial diversifcation, while they promoted a longer hydro-period in ElSo, simplifying wetland vegetation. During the second wetland phase (AD ~ 1550–2012), land-use change drove environmental dynamics. The mid-eighteenth-century pine aforestation to fx mov- ing dunes marked an environmental tipping point, with the ElSo wetland transitioning from seasonal to permanent.
    [Show full text]
  • Valuing Wetlands Guidance for Valuing the Benefits Derived from Wetland Ecosystem Services De Groot, Stuip, Finlayson, and Davidson 03
    Ramsar Technical Reports Ramsar Technical Report No. 3 CBD Technical Series No. 27 Valuing wetlands Guidance for valuing the benefits derived from wetland ecosystem services De Groot, Stuip, Finlayson, and Davidson 03 Ramsar Technical Report No. 3 CBD Technical Series No. 27 Valuing wetlands: Guidance for valuing the benefits derived from wetland ecosystem services Rudolf de Groot1, Mishka Stuip2, Max Finlayson3, and Nick Davidson4 1 Environmental Systems Analysis Group, Wageningen University, PO Box 47, 6700 AA, Wageningen, The Netherlands. [email protected] 2 Foundation for Sustainable Development FSD, P.O. Box 570, 6700AN, Wageningen, The Netherlands. [email protected] 3 International Water Management Institute, P.O. Box 2075, Colombo, Sri Lanka. [email protected] 4 Ramsar Convention Secretariat, 28 rue Mauverny, CH-1196 Gland, Switzerland. [email protected] Ramsar Convention Secretariat Gland, Switzerland November 2006 Ramsar Technical Reports Published jointly by the Secretariat of the Convention on Wetlands (Ramsar, Iran, 1971) & the Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity. © Ramsar Convention Secretariat 2006; © Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity 2006 This report should be cited as: De Groot, R.S., Stuip, M.A.M., Finlayson, C.M. & Davidson, N. 2006. Valuing wet- lands: guidance for valuing the benefits derived from wetland ecosystem services, Ramsar Technical Report No. 3/CBD Technical Series No. 27. Ramsar Convention Secretariat, Gland, Switzerland & Secretariat of the Convention on Biological Diversity, Montreal, Canada. ISBN 2-940073-31-7. Series editors: Heather MacKay (Chair of Ramsar Scientific & Technical Review Panel), Max Finlayson (former Chair of Ramsar Scientific & Technical Review Panel) & Nick Davidson (Deputy Secretary General, Ramsar Convention Secretariat).
    [Show full text]
  • Mapping Mediterranean Wetlands with Remote
    Mapping Mediterranean Wetlands With Remote Sensing: A Good-Looking Map Is Not Always a Good Map Christian Perennou, Anis Guelmami, Marc Paganini, Petra Philipson, Brigitte Poulin, Adrian Strauch, Christian Tottrup, John Truckenbrodt, Ilse Geijzendorffer To cite this version: Christian Perennou, Anis Guelmami, Marc Paganini, Petra Philipson, Brigitte Poulin, et al.. Mapping Mediterranean Wetlands With Remote Sensing: A Good-Looking Map Is Not Always a Good Map. Advances in Ecological Research, Elsevier, 2018, 58, pp.243-277. 10.1016/bs.aecr.2017.12.002. hal- 02191341 HAL Id: hal-02191341 https://hal.archives-ouvertes.fr/hal-02191341 Submitted on 23 Jul 2019 HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access L’archive ouverte pluridisciplinaire HAL, est archive for the deposit and dissemination of sci- destinée au dépôt et à la diffusion de documents entific research documents, whether they are pub- scientifiques de niveau recherche, publiés ou non, lished or not. The documents may come from émanant des établissements d’enseignement et de teaching and research institutions in France or recherche français ou étrangers, des laboratoires abroad, or from public or private research centers. publics ou privés. Mapping Mediterranean Wetlands With Remote Sensing: A Good-Looking Map Is Not Always a Good Map Christian Perennou*,1, Anis Guelmami*, Marc Paganini†, Petra Philipson‡, Brigitte Poulin*, Adrian Strauch§, Christian Tottrup¶, John Truckenbrodtk, Ilse R. Geijzendorffer* *Tour du Valat, Research Institute for the Conservation of Mediterranean Wetlands, Arles, France †European Space Agency, Frascati, Italy ‡Brockmann Geomatics Sweden AB, Stockholm, Sweden §University of Bonn, Center for Remote Sensing of Land Surfaces (ZFL), Bonn, Germany ¶DHI GRAS, Hoersholm, Denmark kFriedrich-Schiller-University Jena, Institute of Geography, Jena, Germany 1 Corresponding author: e-mail address: [email protected] How to cite : Perennou C., Guelmami A., Paganini M., Philipson P., Poulin B., Strauch A., Tottrup C., Truckenbrodt J., Geijzendorffer I.R.
    [Show full text]