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In Ancient Egypt
THE ROLE OF THE CHANTRESS ($MW IN ANCIENT EGYPT SUZANNE LYNN ONSTINE A thesis submined in confonnity with the requirements for the degm of Ph.D. Graduate Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civiliations University of Toronto %) Copyright by Suzanne Lynn Onstine (200 1) . ~bsPdhorbasgmadr~ exclusive liceacc aiiowhg the ' Nationai hiof hada to reproduce, loan, distnia sdl copies of this thesis in miaof#m, pspa or elccmnic f-. L'atm criucrve la propri&C du droit d'autear qui protcge cette thtse. Ni la thèse Y des extraits substrrntiets deceMne&iveatetreimprimCs ouraitnmcrtrepoduitssanssoai aut&ntiom The Role of the Chmaes (fm~in Ancient Emt A doctorai dissertacion by Suzanne Lynn On*, submitted to the Department of Near and Middle Eastern Civilizations, University of Toronto, 200 1. The specitic nanire of the tiUe Wytor "cimûes", which occurrPd fcom the Middle Kingdom onwatd is imsiigated thrwgh the use of a dalabase cataloging 861 woinen whheld the title. Sorting the &ta based on a variety of delails has yielded pattern regatding their cbnological and demographical distribution. The changes in rhe social status and numbers of wbmen wbo bore the Weindicale that the Egyptians perceivecl the role and ams of the titk âiffefcntiy thugh tirne. Infomiation an the tities of ihe chantressw' family memkrs bas ailowed the author to make iderences cawming llse social status of the mmen who heu the title "chanms". MiMid Kingdom tifle-holders wverc of modest backgrounds and were quite rare. Eighteenth DMasty women were of the highest ranking families. The number of wamen who held the titk was also comparatively smaii, Nimeenth Dynasty women came [rom more modesi backgrounds and were more nwnennis. -
Akhenaten: Dweller in Truth
Assignment Prompt: Write a 1500-word argument (about 4-5 pages double-spaced) about how you know that something is true. Final Paper: Akhenaten: Dweller in Truth In Naguib Mahfouz’s Akhenaten: Dweller in Truth, fourteen different stories of the heretic king Akhenaten are told. Some praise the king and his beliefs, some condemn him as a plague to Egypt, but all of the stories are unique in their detail and perspective. From Akhenaten’s teacher Ay, to his doctor Bento, to his wife Nefertiti, each character presents new and different details about Akhenaten’s life. In order to determine the truth about Akhenaten, each character’s statements must be considered closely, keeping in mind the biases and ulterior motivations that may exist. The full history of Akhenaten can only be found after examining his life through all fourteen perspectives. Some characteristics of Akhenaten are described similarly by nearly all of the characters in the novel. The agreement serves as reason to deem these things matters of fact. The characters agreed that Akhenaten was an effeminate-looking man, that he developed a belief in the One and Only God, that he claimed to have heard the voice of the One God, and that he preached a policy of absolute non-violence when he became pharaoh. Because so many of the details of Akhenaten’s life are unclear in the novel, these basic truths can be used to determine the truthfulness of certain characters. For example, the High Priest of Amun described Akhenaten as “ a man of questionable birth, effeminate and grotesque (13).” Ay, on the other hand, describes Akhenaten as, “dark, tall, and slender, with small, feminine features (28).” Based on these descriptions, it is clear that the High Priest did not like Akhenaten and that Ay was more sympathetic. -
Reading G Uide
1 Reading Guide Introduction Pharaonic Lives (most items are on map on page 10) Bodies of Water Major Regions Royal Cities Gulf of Suez Faiyum Oasis Akhetaten Sea The Levant Alexandria Nile River Libya Avaris Nile cataracts* Lower Egypt Giza Nile Delta Nubia Herakleopolis Magna Red Sea Palestine Hierakonpolis Punt Kerma *Cataracts shown as lines Sinai Memphis across Nile River Syria Sais Upper Egypt Tanis Thebes 2 Chapter 1 Pharaonic Kingship: Evolution & Ideology Myths Time Periods Significant Artifacts Predynastic Origins of Kingship: Naqada Naqada I The Narmer Palette Period Naqada II The Scorpion Macehead Writing History of Maqada III Pharaohs Old Kingdom Significant Buildings Ideology & Insignia of Middle Kingdom Kingship New Kingdom Tombs at Abydos King’s Divinity Mythology Royal Insignia Royal Names & Titles The Book of the Heavenly Atef Crown The Birth Name Cow Blue Crown (Khepresh) The Golden Horus Name The Contending of Horus Diadem (Seshed) The Horus Name & Seth Double Crown (Pa- The Nesu-Bity Name Death & Resurrection of Sekhemty) The Two Ladies Name Osiris Nemes Headdress Red Crown (Desheret) Hem Deities White Crown (Hedjet) Per-aa (The Great House) The Son of Re Horus Bull’s tail Isis Crook Osiris False beard Maat Flail Nut Rearing cobra (uraeus) Re Seth Vocabulary Divine Forces demi-god heka (divine magic) Good God (netjer netjer) hu (divine utterance) Great God (netjer aa) isfet (chaos) ka-spirit (divine energy) maat (divine order) Other Topics Ramesses II making sia (Divine knowledge) an offering to Ra Kings’ power -
House of Eternity: Tomb of Nefertari
- - - OUSE OF ETERNITY The Tomb of Nefertari John K. McDonald The Getty Conservation Institute and the J. Paul Getty Museum Los Angeles Cover/title page: Detail a/Queen Nefertari 0/'1 the north wall of Chamber G. All photographs are by Guillermo Aldana unless credited otherwise. The Getty Conservation Institute works internationally to further the appreciation and preservation of the world's cultural heritage for the enrichment and use of present and future generations. This is the first volume in the Conservation and Cultural Heritage series, which aims to provide in a popular format information about selected culturally significant sites throughout the world. © 1996 The J. Paul Getty Trust All rights reserved Printed in Singapore Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data McDonald. John K. House of eternity: the tomb of Nefertari I John K. McDonald. p. cm. ISBN 0-89236-415-7 1. Nefertari. Queen. consort of Rameses II. King of Egypt-Tomb. 2. Mural painting and decoration. Egyptian. 3. Tombs-Egypt. 4. Valley of the Queens (Egypt) I. Title. DT73· v34M35 1996 932-dc20 96-24123 C1P Contents Foreword 5 Introduction Dynasties of Ancient Egypt II Nefertari: Radiant Queen A Letter from Nefertari The Queen's Titles and Epithets 19 The Valley of the Queens Ernesto Schiaparelli 25 Conveyance to Eternal Life: The Royal Tombs of Egypt Tomb Paints and Materials 33 The Tomb Builders' Village 37 After Nefertari's Burial 41 Resurrection and Recurrent Risks 47 The King of the Dead and His Divine Family Divine Guidance 55 Among the Immortals: A Walk through the "House of Eternity" The Texts in the Tomb III Conclusion 116 Acknowledgments II HOUSE OF ETER ITY an honored and < > beloved queen, still in the prime of earthly existence, set off upon a voyage to the netherworld, in quest of eternal life. -
Pharaohs in Egypt Fathi Habashi
Laval University From the SelectedWorks of Fathi Habashi July, 2019 Pharaohs in Egypt Fathi Habashi Available at: https://works.bepress.com/fathi_habashi/416/ Pharaohs of Egypt Introduction Pharaohs were the mighty political and religious leaders who reigned over ancient Egypt for more than 3,000 years. Also known as the god-kings of ancient Egypt, made the laws, and owned all the land. Warfare was an important part of their rule. In accordance to their status as gods on earth, the Pharaohs built monuments and temples in honor of themselves and the gods of the land. Egypt was conquered by the Kingdom of Kush in 656 BC, whose rulers adopted the pharaonic titles. Following the Kushite conquest, Egypt would first see another period of independent native rule before being conquered by the Persian Empire, whose rulers also adopted the title of Pharaoh. Persian rule over Egypt came to an end through the conquests of Alexander the Great in 332 BC, after which it was ruled by the Hellenic Pharaohs of the Ptolemaic Dynasty. They also built temples such as the one at Edfu and Dendara. Their rule, and the independence of Egypt, came to an end when Egypt became a province of Rome in 30 BC. The Pharaohs who ruled Egypt are large in number - - here is a selection. Narmer King Narmer is believed to be the same person as Menes around 3100 BC. He unified Upper and Lower Egypt and combined the crown of Lower Egypt with that of Upper Egypt. Narmer or Mena with the crown of Lower Egypt The crown of Lower Egypt Narmer combined crown of Upper and Lower Egypt Djeser Djeser of the third dynasty around 2670 BC commissioned the first Step Pyramid in Saqqara created by chief architect and scribe Imhotep. -
Queens Egypt
| OF QUEENS | EGYPT A new National Geographic exhibition in Washington, D.C., shines a light on the lives (and afterlives) of the royal women of ancient Egypt. From the founding queen of the New Kingdom, Ahmose-Nefertari, to Cleopatra VII, Egypt’s last queen and pharaoh—a span of more than 1,400 years. Martina Minas-Nerpel from Swansea University tells us that “while the king was the unquestioned political and religious figurehead of Egypt, queens had a complex role with more power than is usually recognized. Wife and mother, the Egyptian queen also had divine status, serving as the earthly embodiment of Hathor and thus ‘a regenerative medium for the king in his role as representative of the sun god on earth’ (Silke Roth, 2009).” Now, let’s have a closer look at some of the fabulous artefacts from Queens of Egypt. REPLICA BUST OF NEFERTITI, CA. A.D. 1913–1932. ORIGINAL: 18TH DYNASTY, REIGN OF AKHENATEN, CA. 1353–1336 B.C. RIJKSMUSEUM VAN OUHEDEN, LEIDEN, NETHERLANDS. CAT. F 1932/5.1. PHOTO BY MARK THIESSEN/ NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC. QUEENS OF EGYPT EXHIBITION ORGANIZED BY POINTE-À-CAL- LIÈRE, MONTRÉAL ARCHAEOLOGY AND HISTORY COMPLEX AND MUSEO EGIZIO, TURIN, IN PARTNERSHIP WITH THE NATIONAL GEOGRAPHIC SOCIETY. SHOWING AT THE NATIONAL GEO- GRAPHIC MUSEUM, WASHINGTON, D.C., THROUGH TO 2 SEPT 2019. One of the most famous pieces of Egyptian art ever discovered. This replica bust of Nefertiti was produced soon after the original was discovered in 1912. The distinctive, flat-topped blue crown is unique to Nefer- titi, allowing us to identify the face. -
Social Studies - 6 Use Any Resources You Have (Such As the Internet Or Books) to Explore the Topics More Each Week
This year in sixth grade you have been learning about the history of different regions of the world. In your at home learning opportunities you will continue this exploration. Some information may be review and some may be new. Feel free to Social Studies - 6 use any resources you have (such as the internet or books) to explore the topics more each week. Each week will connect to the last as much as possible. Not just Cleopatra: Museum tells history of queens in ancient Egypt If you had to name a queen of ancient Egypt, who would it be? Probably Cleopatra, famous for her connections to Roman leaders Julius Caesar and Marc Antony. But who came before her? Nefertari, Isis, Ahmose and Hatshepsut are just a few queens of Egypt who aren't as well-known. A new exhibit at 1The "Queens of Egypt" exhibit at the National Geographic Museum in Washington, the National Geographic Museum in Washington, D.C., aims to change D.C., features a virtual-reality experience of Queen Nefertari's tomb as well as several that. hands-on installations. Photo by: National Geographic "I only knew there was Cleopatra," said Roxie Mazelan. The 11-year- old Girl Scout was visiting the new exhibit, which is called "Queens of Egypt." "I didn't know there were so many other queens," she added. Walking Through Queen's Tomb The exhibit was in 3-D. People who visit can travel back in time and walk through the tomb of Queen Nefertari. A tomb is the final resting place for a person after he or she dies. -
Who's Who in Ancient Egypt
Who’s Who IN ANCIENT EGYPT Available from Routledge worldwide: Who’s Who in Ancient Egypt Michael Rice Who’s Who in the Ancient Near East Gwendolyn Leick Who’s Who in Classical Mythology Michael Grant and John Hazel Who’s Who in World Politics Alan Palmer Who’s Who in Dickens Donald Hawes Who’s Who in Jewish History Joan Comay, new edition revised by Lavinia Cohn-Sherbok Who’s Who in Military History John Keegan and Andrew Wheatcroft Who’s Who in Nazi Germany Robert S.Wistrich Who’s Who in the New Testament Ronald Brownrigg Who’s Who in Non-Classical Mythology Egerton Sykes, new edition revised by Alan Kendall Who’s Who in the Old Testament Joan Comay Who’s Who in Russia since 1900 Martin McCauley Who’s Who in Shakespeare Peter Quennell and Hamish Johnson Who’s Who in World War Two Edited by John Keegan Who’s Who IN ANCIENT EGYPT Michael Rice 0 London and New York First published 1999 by Routledge 11 New Fetter Lane, London EC4P 4EE Simultaneously published in the USA and Canada by Routledge 29 West 35th Street, New York, NY 10001 Routledge is an imprint of the Taylor & Francis Group This edition published in the Taylor & Francis e-Library, 2004. © 1999 Michael Rice The right of Michael Rice to be identified as the Author of this Work has been asserted by him in accordance with the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988 All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or utilised in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any information storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publishers. -
Pharaoh Bible
1. CHARACTERS Pharaoh is essentially an “upstairs/downstairs” story, featuring a wide array of charac- ters of widely disparate social circumstances. The “upstairs” stories feature individuals in positions of power--priests, kings and nota- bles—many of which are based on actual historical figures who lived in the 18th Dynasty of the New Kingdom Era (see italicized). Conversely, the “downstairs” story is driven by commoners, reflecting the prosaic lives of the average citizen—bureaucrats, soldiers, laborers and criminals—and based upon the latest research that is even now painting a new, utterly compelling picture of daily life in ancient Egypt. PRINCIPAL CHARACTERS: HATSHEPSUT Hatshepsut was the daughter of Thut- mose the First and Queen Ahmose. When she had come of age, her father arranged her marriage to her half-brother, Thut- mose the Second, and was the power be- hind the throne during his rule. Upon the death of her husband, Hatshep- sut believed her right to rule superseded Thutmose the Third’s due to her direct, “uncorrupted” lineage. Therefore, once she was appointed Thutmose the Third’s Regent, Hatshepsut assumed all of the regalia and symbols of royal office and insisted on being referred to in contempo- rary records as “His Majesty.” Hatshepsut, late-20s, is an extremely intelli- gent and capable woman who believes that she alone possesses the qualifications neces- sary to rule as King of Egypt. Upon her hus- band’s death, however, she is left powerless when his designated heir, Thutmose the Third, assumes the throne 2. HATSHEPSUT (CONT’D) and his trusted Vizier, Ahmose Pen-Nekhbet, is appointed the boy’s Regent. -
Sunflower November 8, 1934
1. Heme'Cominf Htme-coliilf Edition SUNFLOWER Editioi OFFICIAL STUDFNT FVBUCATION OF THE UNtYEKSiTT OF WICHITA XL TWO SECTIONS W IC H IT A . K a n s a s . T h u r s d a y . No v e m b e r s . 1934 SIXTEEN PAGES H«.B vKnrsRsiTT aooKSToas T WeJ onrta pooraAu. snenas ixgta U any Alumni Board Names According to Mra. ifi’akofleld, ep- Barb Candidate For he) 13.1 erator of tlie' Unlvanity of Wien- ita*« Bookulore, there are plain fceted For Staff to Head now Iwing laid to diatribute the W. U. fmitball •tlrkera to ail alu- Home-coming Queen % wceI 'Hantii and all Alumni free of chhrge. wrg e l [imecoming *^35 Yearbook Thli offer la ohiy good during the llnmecomlnr week Aid and !■ vt. SoJ being done to add color to the day Chosen Over Greeks U Fankhouter To Editors PrepaHng To of feitivlty and to advortieo the achool when the old grad* return Wsihl ^ w n Queen At Start Work On to their reapcctive homee. After f Half Time Parnassus thit week end they will be on aale Doris Miller Fort J at a nominal coal. The hook itore alto offert to tha reral now frAturat for Meiiiliep* of the Ifl.'W Parnaa- atuHenta and graduatet of prevloua Chosen Queen F'Ooiiiinn will hrioir him Hill Ktaff. who were choaen by year* Univeraity pennanta and I of irrada back to the cam* the atiideni Hoard of Piibliea- Rag*, table runnera and pillowa to Soturdoy it the opin> thma laic taat week, will aoon match, football pillowa, and ttand covera at a big dltcount. -
Aegyptiannamesfemale.Pdf
Aahotep Fareeza Kesi Mukantagara OJufemi Sobkneferu Aat Fayrouz Khamaat Mukarramma Olabisi Sopdu Abana Femi Khamereernebty Muminah Olufemi Sotepenre Abar Fukayna Khamerernebty Mut Omorose Sponnesis Acenath Gehane Khasnebu Mutemhab Oni Sslama Adjedaa Gilukhepa Khedebneithireretbeneret Mutemwia Oseye Stateira Afshan Habibah Khenemet Mutemwiya Pakhet Subira Ahhotep Hafsah Khensa Mutneferu Panya Suma Ahhotpe Halima Khent Mutnefret Pasht Sutailja Ahmose- Meryetamun Hapu Khenteyetka Mutnodjme Pebatma Tabes Ahmose-Nefertiri Haqikah Khentkaues Mutnodjmet Peksater Tabesheribet Ahmose Hasina Khentkawes Muttuy Peshet Tabesheritbet Ahwere Hathor Khepri Muyet Phoenix Tabia Ain Hatnofer Khnemetamun Nabirye Pili Tabiry Ajalae Hatshepsut Khnumet Naeemah Pipuy Tabubu Akila Hebeny Khonsu Nailah Ptolema Taheret Alexandria Hehenhit Khutenptah Nait Ptolemais Tahirah Amanishakheto Hehet Kissa Nakht Qalhata Tahpenes Amenemopet Henetmire Kiya Nakhtsebastetru Qemanub Taimhotep Amenia Henhenet Koss Naneferher Quibilah Tairetdjeret Amenirdis Hentempet Kthyopia Nany Rabiah Tais Amenkhenwast Hentmira Lapis Nathifa Rai Taiuhery Amenti Henttawy Layla Naunakht Ramla Takhaaenbbastet Amessis Henttimehu Lotus Naunakhte Rashida Takharu Amosis Hentutwedjebu Maahorneferure Naunet Raziya Takhat Amunet Henut Maalana Nebefer Reddjedet Takheredeneset Amunnefret Henutdemit Maat Nebet Rehema Tale Anat Henutmehyt Maatkare Nebetawy Renenet Talibah Anhai Henutmire Maatneferure Nebethetepet Renenutet Tamin Anhay Henutnofret Maetkare Nebethut Reonet Tamutnefret Anippe Henutsen Mafuane -
Nefertiti, Devonia, Michael by Ancient Art Podcast on Monday, July 6, 2009 at 8:04Pm
Episode 22: Nefertiti, Devonia, Michael by Ancient Art Podcast on Monday, July 6, 2009 at 8:04pm Complete transcript of podcast by Lucas Livingston, an Egyptologist associated with the Art Institute of Chicago, which discusses Nefertiti/Devonia Evangeline and Miscegenated Family Album in detail. Also a YouTube video with high-quality images. **** Transcript On October 31, 1980 at Just Above Midtown Gallery in New York City, artist Lorraine O'Grady, dressed in a long red robe, debuted her new work of performance art. On a dark stage with a slideshow backdrop and dramatic recorded narration, O'Grady enacted hypnotic, ritualized motions, like the priestess of an ancient mystery cult, incanting magicks over vessels of sacred sand and offerings blessings of protection to the projected images of the Ancient Egyptian Queen Nefertiti and her late sister Devonia Evangeline O'Grady Allen. In the piece entitled Nefertiti/Devonia Evangeline, Lorraine O'Grady confronted her relationship with her sister through the lens of Nefertiti and Nefertiti's own apparent sister, Mutnedjmet -- a relationship which O'Grady felt would have been equally troubled. O'Grady's sister Devonia tragically died just a few short weeks after the two of them had finally begun speaking after many years of a strained relationship. Inspired two years later after a trip to Egypt, O'Grady began researching Queen Nefertiti and her famed family of the Amarna Period. While in Egypt, O'Grady encountered a new found feeling of belonging -- as the artist says in her own words, "surrounded for the first time by people who looked like me" (Art Journal 56:4, Winter 1997, p.