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Basal Cell Adenoma of Zygomatic Salivary Gland in a Young Dog – First Case Report in Mozambique

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Basal Cell Adenoma of Zygomatic Salivary Gland in a Young Dog – First Case Report in Mozambique RPCV (2015) 110 (595-596) 229-232 Basal cell adenoma of zygomatic salivary gland in a young dog – First case report in Mozambique Adenoma das células basais da glândula salivar zigomática em cão jovem – Primeiro relato de caso em Moçambique Ivan F. Charas dos Santos*1,2, José M.M. Cardoso1, Giovanna C. Brombini3 Bruna Brancalion3 1Departamento de Cirurgia, Faculdade de Veterinária, Universidade Eduardo Mondlane, Maputo, Moçambique 2Pós-doutorando (Bolsista FAPESP), Departamento de Cirurgia e Anestesiologia Veterinária, Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil. 3Faculdade de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia (FMVZ), Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP),Botucatu, São Paulo, Brasil. Summary: Basal cell adenoma of zygomatic salivary gland Introduction was described in a 1.2 years old Rottweiler dog with swelling of right zygomatic region tissue. Clinical signs were related to Salivary glands diseases in small animals include anorexia, slight pain on either opening of the mouth. Complete blood count, serum biochemistry, urinalysis, thoracic radio- mucocele, salivary gland fistula, sialadenitis, sialad- graphic examination; and transabdominal ultrasound showed enosis, sialolithiasis and less neoplasia (Spangler and no alteration. The findings of cytology examination were con- Culbertson, 1991; Johnson, 2008). Primary tumours sistent with benign tumour and surgical treatment was elected. of salivary glands are rare in dogs and not common- The histopathologic examinations were consistent with basal ly reported in small animals. The incidence is about cell adenoma of zygomatic salivary gland. Seven days after the surgery no alteration was observed. One year later, the dog re- 0.17% in dogs with age between 10 and 12 years turned to check up and confirmed that the dog was healthy and old (Spangler and Culbertson, 1991; Hammer et al., free of clinical and laboratorial signs of tumour recurrence or 2001; Head and Else, 2002). Overall incidence is 1.6 metastases. Reports of basal cell adenoma of salivary gland in benign tumours per 100,000 dogs at risk (Head and young dogs were lack on the veterinary literature. To author’s Else, 2002). knowledge, this was the first report of clinical and surgery de- scription of basal cell adenoma of zygomatic salivary gland in Adenocarcinomas of salivary gland are more com- a young dog in Mozambique. mon than adenomas in dogs and cats, and represent 5% of all salivary gland tumours. Overall incidence Keywords: Dog, epithelial cells, salivary gland, tumour. is 3.1 per 100,000 dogs at risk (Spangler and Cul- bertson, 1991; Hammer et al., 2001; Head and Else, Resumo: Adenoma das células basais de glândula salivar zigo- mática foi descrito em cão da raça Rottweiler, macho, 1,2 anos 2002). No breeder or sex predilection is reported de idade, pesando 38 kg, com tumefação da região zigomática (Hammer et al., 2001; Head and Else, 2002) and pa- direita. Os sinais clínicos foram relacionados com anorexia e rotid and mandibular salivary glands are most affect- dor ligeira durante a abertura da boca. O hemograma, exame ed and represent 75 - 80%, respectively (Hammer et bioquímico sérico, urinálise, exame radiográfico de tórax, e al., 2001). Furthermore, the zygomatic salivary gland ultrassonografia transabdominal não demonstraram alteração. O exame citológico foi compatível com tumor benigno e o tra- is not frequently affected by tumours (Spangler and tamento foi o procedimento cirúrgico. O exame histopatológi- Culbertson, 1991). co foi consistente com adenoma das células basais de glândula Clinical signs of salivary gland tumour are non- salivar zigomática. Sete dias após a cirurgia não foi observado specific. However, owner´s reported swollen, pain, alterações. Um ano mais tarde, o animal retornou para” check- anorexia and exophthalmia (Hammer et al., 2001; up” e foi confirmado que o mesmo apresentava-se saudável e livre de sinais clínicos e laboratoriais de recorrência ou metás- Smrkovski et al., 2006; Johnson, 2008). The differen- tase tumoral. Referências sobre o adenoma de células basais tials diagnostic include sebaceous adenoma (Oh and de glândula salivar zigomática em cães jovens são escassas na Eisele, 2006), clear cell variant of acinic cell carcino- literatura veterinária. De acordo com o conhecimento dos auto- ma (Brunnert and Altman, 1990), epithelial-myoepi- res, este foi o primeiro relato de descrição clínica e cirúrgica do thelial carcinoma (Sozmen et al., 1998), salivary duct adenoma de células basais de glândula salivar zigomática em cão jovem, em Moçambique. carcinoma (Sozmen et al., 1999) and sebaceous carci- noma (Sozmen et al., 2002). Palavras-chave: Cão, células epiteliais, glândula salivar, tumor. To the authors’ knowledge, reports about basal cell adenoma of zygomatic salivary gland in young *Correspondência: [email protected] dogs are rare in the veterinary literature and no re- Tel.: +55 14 98183-7166 229 Santos I. et al. RPCV (2015) 110 (595-596) 230-232 ports of description of basal cell adenoma of zygo- anaplasia could not be observed. Features were sug- matic salivary gland in a young dog in Mozambique gestive of basal cell adenoma. However, histopatholo- were done. The present case report describes the gical examination was advised to confirm the diagno- clinical and surgery aspects of basal cell adenoma sis and surgical treatment was elected. Bacterial and of zygomatic salivary gland in a dog with 1.2 years fungal culture was negative. old attended at School Veterinary Hospital, Maputo, Patient underwent mass and right zygomatic sa- Mozambique. livary gland extirpation. The dog was premedicated with carprofen (4.4 mg/kg subcutaneous [SC]), mor- Case report phine (0.3 mg/kg SC), acepromazine (0.05 mg/kg SC). Anaesthesia was done with propofol (2.5 mg/ kg An 1.2 years old neutered male Rottweiler dog, intravenous [IV]) and halothane. The animal was pla- weighting 38 kg was attended at School Veterinary ced in left lateral recumbence and a modified lateral Hospital, Maputo, Mozambique, referred for eva- ellipse surgical approach was performed on zygoma- luation of a three months history of swelling of ri- tic salivary gland region and a marginal resection of 3 ght zygomatic region. The owner also reported fast cm of the mass was done and both zygomatic salivary swelling on the first two weeks. No history of trauma gland and mass were removed. A capsule around the was reported and owner´s complaint was related ano- tumour was observed. The skin was apposed with 3-0 rexia. nylon simple isolate sutures (Figure 2A and 2B). Physical examination revealed a well circumscri- bed swelling, measuring approximately 8 cms in dia- meter on right zygomatic region. The swelling was well defined, firm and tender and was fixed to the underlying structures. No pain was revealed but slight pain on either opening of the mouth was observed. Other physical examination parameters were otherwi- se unremarkable. Complete blood count, serum bio- chemistry (alanine aminotransferase – ALT, aspartate aminotransferase – AST, blood urea nitrogen – BUN, Figure 2 - Photography showing a mass in zygomatic salivary alkaline phosphatase, total protein, albumin, globulin gland (white arrows) and capsule (yellow arrow) (a), and skin and creatine kinase – CK) and urinalysis were perfor- sutures (b). med and showed no alteration. Thoracic radiographic Postoperatively, was prescribed cephalexin (25 examination and transabdominal ultrasound were per- mg/kg per os [PO] q12h) for 10 days and carprofen formed and showing no alteration. The radiographic (4.4 mg/kg PO q24h) for 5 days. examination of the head showed an enlargement of Mass sections were fixed in 10% neutral buffered the right zygomatic salivary gland region (Figure 1A formalin, embedded in paraffin, cut through transver- and 1B). sal and sagittal planes in 5 μm thick sections, staining haematoxylin–eosin (H&E) and examined by light microscopy. The mass revealed a white partially en- capsulated soft tissue, measuring 8 cms of diameter. The outer surface was nodular and cut section was lo- bular. Microscopically, the section showed thick bran- ching cords and irregular islands of epithelial cells, with indistinct cell borders, separated by fibrous tis- sue stroma and forming small glandular structures. Nuclei were rounded; with infrequent mitoses and low mitotic rate (Figure 3). Figure 1 - Photograph showing swelling of 8 cm diameters of right zygomatic region (a). Radiographic exam of the head Where observed irregular tumour margins, locally and enlargement of right zygomatic gland region soft tissue infiltrative growth and portions of non-neoplasic sa- (arrow) (b). livary gland tissue. Encapsulation could not be iden- tified. Those findings were consistent with basal cell Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) was done adenoma of zygomatic salivary gland. from the right zygomatic region. Small quantity of Seven days after the surgery, skin suture was re- serosanguineous material was observed. Smear sho- moved and no alteration was observed. One year later, wed cellular smears comprising of neutrophilic cells, the dog returned to check up and confirmed that the erythrocytes and monomorphic and small round-to- dog was healthy and free of clinical signs of tumour oval cells showing few pleomorphism, eosinophil recurrence or metastases by transabdominal ultra- cytoplasm and elongate nucleus. Mitotic figures and sound and chest radiography examination. 230 Santos I. et al. RPCV
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