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Disinfection of Root Canal Systems www.ketabdownload.com www.ketabdownload.com Disinfection of Root Canal Systems www.ketabdownload.com www.ketabdownload.com Disinfection of Root Canal Systems The Treatment of Apical Periodontitis Edited by Nestor Cohenca Department of Endodontics and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA www.ketabdownload.com This edition first published 2014 © 2014 by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Editorial offices: 1606 Golden Aspen Drive, Suites 103 and 104, Ames, Iowa 50010, USA The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permissionto reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell. Authorization to photocopy items for internal or personal use, or the internal or personal use of specific clients, is granted by Blackwell Publishing, provided that the base fee is paid directly to the Copyright Clearance Center, 222 Rosewood Drive, Danvers, MA 01923. For those organizations that have been granted a photocopy license by CCC, a separate system of payments has been arranged. The fee codes for users of the Transactional Reporting Service are ISBN-13: 978-1-118-36768-1/2014. Designations used by companies to distinguish their products are often claimed as trademarks. All brand names and product names used in this book are trade names, service marks, trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners. The publisher is not associated with any product or vendor mentioned in this book. The contents of this work are intended to further general scientific research, understanding, and discussion only and are not intended and should not be relied upon as recommending or promoting a specific method, diagnosis, or treatment by health science practitioners for any particular patient. The publisher and the author make no representations or warranties with respect to the accuracy or completeness of the contents of this work and specifically disclaim all warranties, including without limitation any implied warranties of fitness for a particular purpose. In view of ongoing research, equipment modifications, changes in governmental regulations, and the constant flow of information relating to the use of medicines, equipment, and devices, the reader is urged to review and evaluate the information provided in the package insert or instructions for each medicine, equipment, or device for, among other things, any changes in the instructions or indication of usage and for added warnings and precautions. Readers should consult with a specialist where appropriate. The fact that an organization or Website is referred to in this work as a citation and/or a potential source of further information does not mean that the author or the publisher endorses the information the organization or Website may provide or recommendations it may make. Further, readers should be aware that Internet Websites listed in this work may have changed or disappeared between when this work was written and when it is read. No warranty may be created or extended by any promotional statements for this work. Neither the publisher nor the author shall be liable for any damages arising herefrom. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Disinfection of root canal systems : the treatment of apical periodontitis / edited by Nestor Cohenca. p.;cm. Treatment of apical periodontitis Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-1-118-36768-1 (cloth) I. Cohenca, Nestor, 1968- editor of compilation. II. Title: Treatment of apical periodontitis. [DNLM: 1. Periapical Periodontitis–therapy. 2. Root Canal Therapy. 3. Disinfection–methods. 4. Root Canal Irrigants. 5. Therapeutic Irrigation. WU 230] RK351 617.6′342059–dc23 2014004701 A catalogue record for this book is available from the British Library. Wiley also publishes its books in a variety of electronic formats. Some content that appears in print may not be available in electronic books. Cover design by Jen Miller Designs Typeset in 9.5/11.5 pt PalatinoLTStd by Laserwords Private Limited, Chennai, India 1 2014 www.ketabdownload.com Contents Contributors vii Part 2: Nonsurgical Intracanal Introduction ix Disinfection 89 Preface xi Acknowledgments xiii 6 Shaping the Root Canal System to Promote Effective Disinfection 91 Ove A. Peters and Frank Paqué Part 1: Background 1 7 Topical Disinfectants for Root Canal 1 Root Canal Infection and Endodontic Irrigation 109 Apical Disease 3 Bettina Basrani and Markus Haapasalo Nestor Cohenca and Ana Maria González Amaro 8 Fluid Dynamics of Irrigation within the Root Canal System 141 Franklin R. Tay 2 The Anatomy of the Root Canal System as a Challenge to Effective 9 Positive Pressure Irrigation 169 Disinfection 15 Cesar de Gregorio, Carlos Heilborn, and Eric Herbranson Nestor Cohenca 3 Biofilms in Root Canal Infections 29 10 Apical Negative Pressure Irrigation Christine M. Sedgley and Rogério de (ANP) 189 Castilho Jacinto Nestor Cohenca, Cesar de Gregorio, and Avina Paranjpe 4 Efficacy of Root Canal Disinfection 57 Ashraf F. Fouad 11 Disinfection of the Root Canal System by Sonic, Ultrasonic, and 5 Impact of Root Canal Disinfection on Laser Activated Irrigation 217 Treatment Outcome 71 Luc van der Sluis, Bram Verhaagen, James D. Johnson and Natasha M. Flake Ricardo Macedo, and Michel Versluis v www.ketabdownload.com vi Contents 12 Ozonization and Electrochemical Part 3: Apical Response and Root Canal Disinfection 239 Surgery 297 Roberta Pileggi 15 Healing of Apical Lesions: How Do 13 Intracanal Medication in Root Canal They Heal, Why Does the Healing Disinfection 247 Take So Long, and Why Do Some Lea Assed Bezerra da Silva, Raquel Lesions Fail to Heal? 299 Assed Bezerra da Silva, Paulo Zvi Metzger and Anda Kfir Nelson-Filho, and Nestor Cohenca 16 Surgical Endodontics: The Complimentary Approach 319 14 Emerging Technologies in Root Richard Rubinstein and Alireza Canal Disinfection 277 Aminlari Anil Kishen, Annie Shrestha, and Nestor Cohenca Index 341 www.ketabdownload.com Contributors Alireza Aminlari Ana Maria González Amaro Private Practice, Farmington Hills, MI, USA Department of Microbiology, University Autonomous of San Luis Potosí, San Luis Potosí, Department of Cariology, University of Michigan, Mexico Ann Arbor, MI, USA Cesar de Gregorio Bettina Basrani Department of Endodontics, University of Discipline of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Washington, Seattle, WA, USA University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Markus Haapasalo Rogério de Castilho Jacinto Department of Oral Biological and Medical Department of Semiology and Clinics, Federal Sciences, Vancouver, BC, Canada University of Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil Carlos Heilborn Private Practice, Asunción, Paraguay Nestor Cohenca Department of Endodontics and Pediatric Eric Herbranson Dentistry, University of Washington, Seattle, Private practice, San Leandro, California, USA WA, USA James D. Johnson Department of Endodontics, University of Natasha M. Flake Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Department of Endodontics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA Anda Kfir Department of Endodontology, Tel Aviv Ashraf F. Fouad University, Tel Aviv, Israel Department of Endodontics, Prosthodontics and Anil Kishen Operative Dentistry, University of Maryland, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada Baltimore, MD, USA Ricardo Macedo Shimon Friedman The Academic Centre for Dentistry in Amsterdam Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, (ACTA), University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, Toronto, ON, Canada The Netherlands vii www.ketabdownload.com viii Contributors Zvi Metzger Annie Shrestha Department of Endodontology, Tel Aviv University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada University, Tel Aviv, Israel Lea Assed Bezerra da Silva Paulo Nelson-Filho Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto. University of Sao Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto. University of Sao Paulo, Riberao Preto, Brazil Paulo, Riberao Preto, Brazil Raquel Assed Bezerra da Silva Frank Paqué Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Department of Preventive Dentistry, Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto. University of Sao Periodontology, and Cariology, University of Paulo, Riberao Preto, Brazil Zurich, Zürich, Switzerland Luc van der Sluis Avina Paranjpe Department of Conservative Dentistry and Department of Endodontics, University of Endodontics, University of Toulouse, Toulouse, Washington, Seattle, WA, USA France Ove A. Peters Franklin R. Tay Department of Endodontics, University of the Department of Endodontics, Georgia Regents Pacific, San Francisco, CA, USA University, Augusta, GA, USA Roberta Pileggi Bram Verhaagen Department of Endodontics, University of Florida, Research Institute for Biomedical Technology and Gainesville, FL, USA Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands Richard Rubinstein Private Practice, Farmington Hills, MI, USA Michel Versluis Department of Cariology, Restorative Sciences, and Research Institute for Nanotechnology, Research Endodontics, University of Michigan, Ann Institute for Biomedical Technology and Arbor, MI, USA Technical Medicine, University of Twente, Enschede, The Netherlands Christine M. Sedgley Department of Endodontology, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, OR, USA www.ketabdownload.com Introduction During my first endodontic residency, my program outcome of apical healing. Something is wrong! In
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