GRANDE OURSE URSA MAJOR La Plus Grande Des Constellations

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GRANDE OURSE URSA MAJOR La Plus Grande Des Constellations CONSTELLATIONS DE PRINTEMPS Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 1/27 GRANDE OURSE URSA MAJOR La plus grande des constellations. Toutes les étoiles du chariot sont des cousines sauf DUBHE et la dernière. Amas de la Grande Ourse, étoiles bleues, d = 80 al, D = 30 al, V = 14 km/s vers le sagittaire. ALCOR et MIZAR double optique mais MIZAR étoile double, d = 78 al, D = 5 millions km, L = 60 sol. ALIOTH géante bleue, d = 82 al, D = 6 millions km, L = 100 sol. ALULA AUSTRALIS couple type soleil, d = 26 al, D = 3 millions km, T = 60 ans M 81 M 82 couple de galaxie d = 11 m.al, Pont gazeux entre les deux M 81 galaxie de Bode, type spirale Seyfert M 82 galaxie du cigare, irrégulière, flambée d’étoiles. M 97 nébuleuse planétaire du Hibou, peu visible M 101 galaxie spirale intermédiaire M 108 galaxie spirale barrée M 109 galaxie spirale barrée PETITE OURSE URSA MINOR Alpha POLARIS super géante bleue double avec compagnon bleu d = 400 al, D = 200 millions km, L = 200 sol. Béta PolarisKOCHAB géante rouge d = 130 al, D = 80 millions km, L = 190 sol. Eta Polaris PERCHAD géante bleue, fausse double. Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 2/27 d = 500 al, D = 15 millions km, L = 1000 sol. CHIENS DE CHASSE CANES VENATICI Alpha COR CAROLI étoile double d = 100 al, D = 5 millions km, L = 70 sol. M 51 WHIRLPOOL galaxy, galaxie du tourbillon, type spirale de Seyfert, absorption de NGC 5195. M3 amas globulaire d = 340000 al, D = 220 al, V = 147 km/s M 63 galaxie du tournesol d = 36 millions al, V = 570 km/s éloignement M 94 galaxie spirale M 106 galaxie NGC 4631 galaxie LION LEONIS M 65 M 66 Couple de galaxie d = 35 millions al M 65 galaxie spirale intermédiaire M 66 galaxie spirale de Seyfert Amas du Lion M 95 et M 96 galaxie, d = 30 millions al M 105 galaxie elliptique NGC 2903 NGC 3628 Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 3/27 VIER GE VIR GO Alpha SPICA, Epi de la Vierge, géante bleu d = 270 al, D = 10 millions km, L = 2000 sol. Gamma PORRIMA, étoile double d = 38 al, D = 5 millions km, L = 8 sol. Amas de la vierge 3000 galaxies, d = 50 millions al, D = 6 millions al. M 104 galaxie du Sombrero, spirale et trou noir géant d = 50 millions al. M 87 galaxie elliptique géante et trou noir géant d = 50 millions al, D = 200 000 al. M 49 galaxie elliptique M 58 galaxie spirale intermédiaire M 59 galaxie elliptique M 60 galaxie elliptique M 61 galaxie spirale intermédiaire M 84 galaxie M 89 galaxie spirale intermédiaire M 90 galaxie spirale intermédiaire M 94 galaxie spirale intermédiaire Quasar 3C273 d = 2 milliards al, D = 100 000 al, L = 100 galaxies soit 1 0 0 00 milliards sol. Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 4/27 COURONNE BOREALE CORONAE BOREALIS Alpha, joyaux de la couronne, étoile double blanc bleu à éclipse , d = 74 al, D = 4,5 millions km, L = 58 sol. HERCULE HERCULES Alpha RAS ALGHETTI super géante rouge double variable du type M5 d = 400 al, D = 600 millions km, L = 900 sol T = 180 jours 14 HERCULIS étoile à planètes d = 60 al, D = 1 millions km, L = 0,76 sol. M 13 Amas d’Hercule, amas globulaire, 1 million d’étoiles d = 23000 al, D = 350 al, âge 10 millions d’années M 92 amas globulaire, d = 25000 al. NGC 6210 Nébuleuse planétaire Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 5/27 BOUVIER BOOTIS Alpha ARCTURUS géante rouge, étoile en fin de vie, vient d’une autre galaxie d = 37 al, D = 35 millions km, L = 110 sol Epsilon ISAR PULCHERINA étoile double orange bleue d = 200 al, D = 40 millions km, L = 400 sol Tau BOOTIS étoile à planète 3XJupiter à 6 millions de km, 1000 ° C, T 35 jours d = 50 al, D = 2 millions km, L = 2 sol Mu BOOTIS ALKULAROPS étoile triple, d = 120 al Pi BOOTIS étoile double blanche NGC 5666 amas globulaire CHEVELURE DE BERENICES COMAE BERENICES Melotte 111 amas ouvert 80 étoiles, visible aux jumelles d = 290 al M53 amas globulaire, d=60000 al M64 galaxie de l’oeil noir, spirale avec poussières M 85 galaxie M 88 galaxie M 99 galaxie NGC 4565 galaxie spirale, d = 20 millions de km Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 6/27 HYDRE HYDRAE Alpha Hydrae géante orange type K3 d= 177 al, D = 30 sol, Lum 230 sol M 48 amas ouvert M 83 galaxie spirale, plus belle du ciel austral d=12 millions al, D = 35 000 al M 68 Amas globulaire NGC 3242 nébuleuse planétaire LE SEXTANT SEXTANTIS NGC 3115 galaxie du fuseau LA COUPE CRATERIS Alpha Crateris ALKES géante jaune double d = 84 al NGC 4038 4099 Galaxies des antennes, couple de galaxies en interaction CORBEAU CORNUS Alpha Corvi ALCHIBA gante blanche, d = 48 al Beta Corvi ALGORAB étoile doubles Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 7/27 CONSTELLATIONS D’ETE Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 8/27 LE CYGNE CYGNUS Alpha DENEB supergéante bleue, étoile visible la plus éloignée, une des plus lumineuse de la galaxie, masse 30 sol, super nova 3 millions d’années d = 3000 al, D = 250 millions de km, L = 300 000 sol ALBIREO étoile double orangée bleue d = 400 al, D = 100 millions de km, L = 700 sol 61 Cygni et 16 Cygni, couple de naines rouges et étoile solaire M 29 amas ouvert M 39 amas ouvert, d = 800 al NGC 6871 amas ouvert NGC 6910 amas ouvert NGC 7000 nébuleuse América, visible aux jumelles d= 3000 al, D = 150 al NGC 6992 6995 6950 Dentelles du Cygne, supernova 5000 ans, d = 1500 al, D = 80 al, V = 60 km/s NGC 6826 Nébuleuse planétaire, clignotement optique IC 5067/70 nébuleuse du PELICAN LA LYRE LYRAE Alpha VEGA géante bleue de type A0 5° étoile du ciel d = 23,5 al, D = 4 millions de km, L = 50 sol Bêta Lyrae étoile binaire à éclipses T = 13 jours Delta 1 et 2 Lyrae étoiles doubles visibles aux jumelles Epsilon Lyrae système quadruple M 57 anneau de la Lyre, nébuleuse planétaire, destin du Soleil , d = 2000 al, D = 1 al, âge 1000 ans M 56 amas globulaire Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 9/27 LA FLECHE SAGITTAE Alpha Sagitae géante jaune GO, étoile quadruple M 71 amas globulaire, d = 14 500 al LE DAUPHIN DELPHINUS Alpha Delphini SUALOCIN, système triple , d = 240 al Bêta Delphini ROTANEV, système double, d = 120 al Gamma Delphini, double jaune bleu, d = 100 al NGC 7006 amas globulaire, le plus lointain, d = 110000 al NGC 6934 amas globulaire AIGLE AQUILA Alpha Aquilae ALTAIR étoile blanche A7, étoile très proche de nous et aplatie, pionneer 11 d = 17 al, D = 2 millions de km, L = 11 sol Bêta Aquilae ALSHAIN étoile jaune G8, d = 45 al Eta Aquilae supergéante rouge, céphéides double T = 7 jours, d = 1200 al, D = 2 millions de km, L = 4000 sol NGC 6709 amas ouvert NGC 6789 nébuleuse planétaire NGC 6814 galaxie spirale type Sb Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 10/27 PETIT RENARD VULPICULAS M27 DUMBELL, nébuleuse planétaire du diabolo ou haltère, visible aux jumelles, V = 30 Km/S C 399 amas du CINTRE, amas ouvert ouvert de 30 étoiles visible aux jumelles ECU de SOBIESKY SCUTUM M 11 amas du canard sauvage, 1000 étoiles d = 5600 al, D = 15 al M 25 amas ouvert SCORPION SCORPIO Alpha Scorpi ANTARES supergéante rouge double, compagnon vert, anti-mars, supernova future d = 700 al, D = 1 millions de km, L = 10 000 sol Bêta scorpi AKRAB géante bleue d = 500 al, D = 20 millions de km, L = 2000 sol Dzêta scorpi supergéante bleue, supernova 2 millions d’années d = 6000 al, D = 200 millions de km, L = 300000 sol Delta scorpi DSCHUBA augmentation d’éclat due à une nova d = 400 al, m = 20 So NGC 6231 amas de DZENA, amas de super géantes, bas sur l’horizon d = 6000 al, D = 10 al, âge 2 millions d’années M 7 Nuage du Scorpion, amas ouvert de très jeunes étoiles d = 800 al, D = 40 al, âge 250 millions d’années Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 11/27 M 6 amas du Papillon d = al, D = al, âge millions d’années M 4 amas globulaire de 500 000 étoiles, un des plus vieux d = 7000 al, D = 50 al, âge 12 milliards d’années M 80 amas globulaire , d = 33000 al NGC 6383 amas ouvert NGC 6322 amas ouvert NGC 6124 amas ouvert NGC 6388 amas globulaire SAGITTAIRE SAGITERII M 24 Nuage du Sagittaire, amas ouvert dans la Voie Lactée, d = 16000 al, D = 500 al M 8 Nébuleuse de la LAGUNE, une des plus belles, visibles à l’œil nu , d = 5000 al, D = 60 al M 17 Nébuleuse OMEGA, nébuleuse du fer à cheval d = 5000 al, D = 30 al M 20 Nébuleuse de la TRIFIDE , d = al, D = al, M 22 amas globulaire très proche, visible aux jumelles d = 10000 al, D = 50 al, âge 12 milliards d’années M 55 amas globulaire M 54 amas globulaire M 49 amas globulaire M 21 amas ouvert M 23 amas ouvert M 24 amas ouvert M 25 amas ouvert NGC 6520 amas ouvert B 86 nébuleuse obscure visible aux jumelles Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 12/27 OPHIUCHUS OPHIUCI VELOX BARNARDII étoile de Barnard, naine rouge très faible d = 5,9 al, D = 225000 km, Lum -2500 So 70 Ophiuci étoile double, rouge jaune, T= 88 ans Rhô Ophiuci système triple M 9 amas globulaire M 10 amas globulaire, d = 14 000 al, M 12 amas globulaire M 14 amas globulaire M 107 amas globulaire NGC 6572 nébuleuse planétaire NGC 6633 amas ouvert SERPENT SERPENTE Alpha Serpentis UNUR ELHAIA, géante orange Delta Serpentis étoile double Upsilon Serpentis étoile double M 16 nébuleuse de l’AIGLE amas ouvert d’étoiles OB très jeunes de moins d’un million d’années, piliers de la création, d = al, D = al M 5 amas globulaire d = 24000 al, 800 000 So NGC 6027 groupe de galaxies NGC 4756 amas ouvert Club d'astronomie de Breuillet – Guide d'observation GOTO – 13/27 LE LOUP LUPUS Alpha Lupi étoile double NGC 5822 amas ouvert observables aux jumelles
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