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Terminal Portuaria Especializada Para La Exportación De Jugo Simple Aséptico

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Terminal Portuaria Especializada Para La Exportación De Jugo Simple Aséptico Estudio Preventivo de Impacto Ambiental TERMINAL PORTUARIA ESPECIALIZADA PARA LA EXPORTACIÓN DE JUGO SIMPLE ASÉPTICO Con fundamento Legal en los Artículos 30, 31, 32 y 34 de la Ley del Equilibrio Ecológico y Protección al Ambiente del Estado de Tamaulipas y Artículos 8, 9 y 10 de su Reglamento con fines ecológicos de los minerales o sustancias de competencia estatal, se presenta el siguiente Estudio Preventivo en Materia de Impacto Ambiental . II UBICACIÓN Y DESCRIPCIÓN DE LA OBRA O ACTIVIDAD PROYECTADA 2.1 Descripción general El presente proyecto se refiere a una Terminal Portuaria en Altamira, Tamaulipas, especializada en exportar jugo de naranja simple aséptico (Figura 1). La obra proyectada estará compuesta por los siguientes elementos: • 4 Tanques de almacenamiento aséptico de 3,800 m³ (1 millón de galones) cada uno, para Jugo Fresco (NFC) y Concentrado (FCOJ), lo cual dará una capacidad total aproximada de cuatro millones de galones. • Área de procesamiento aséptico con 2 pasteurizadoras de 60 m³ y 2 tanques búfer de 30 m³ h-1, cada uno. • Área de recepción de camiones con capacidad para 2 descargas de jugo. • 2 líneas de DN150 y 2 líneas de DN200, para carga de los Buques. • Sistema de tuberías de Jugo fresco (NFC) y concentrado (FCOJ). Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico 1 Estudio Preventivo de Impacto Ambiental • Sala de control para ser operada de manera centralizada. • Sistema eléctrico con paneles y cableado. • Sistema de limpieza en el lugar (CIP) con tres tanques de 50 m³ • Sistema de calderas para la pasteurización y el CIP • Planta de refrigeración para almacenamiento en frío y pasteurizadores 12.2 Sistema de Limpieza CIP 4.0 48.0 Sistema de Área de recepción de camiones Tuberías Pasteurizadoras NFC y FCOJ 12.2 Cuarto de Calderas 36.6 Nitrógeno 5.5 3.7 Colector de residuos 3,800 m 3 3,800 m 3 13.4 1.8 Líneas Carga de Los Buques Cuarto de Tanques Calderas para Jugo 3,800 m 3 3,800 m 3 Laboratorios 16.0 Oficinas, baños Cuarto Cuarto de Sistema Eléctrico Máquinas de Refrigeración con paneles y cableado Tanques Almacenamiento Aséptico Figura 1. Diseño de la Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico. Descripción de los elementos: Tanques de Almacenamiento Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico 2 Estudio Preventivo de Impacto Ambiental La Terminal tendrá cuatro tanques de almacenamiento de acero inoxidable de aproximadamente 3, 800 m³ cada uno (1 millón de galones). Los tanques serán de ejecución estándar como se utiliza para la industria de jugo fresco, es decir, con acabados pulidos. Los tanques se organizarán como un cilindro vertical con techo cónico y fondo plano. La parte inferior del tanque tendrá una pendiente para asegurar un buen drenaje. La parte superior de cada tanque tendrá una brida central con sus conexiones respectivas. Área de procesamiento aséptico El área de procesamiento aséptico tendrá dos tanques de búfer aislados de 60 m³ y dos pasteurizadoras con capacidad de 30 m³ h -1, cada uno. El sistema de pasteurización será capaz de procesar el jugo, que a continuación se podrá almacenar en los tanques de almacenamiento aséptico. El producto en sí mismo no será aséptico (porque la temperatura de pasteurización es sólo de 94ºC), pero el sistema de todo el proceso es esterilizado y por tanto, se puede almacenar el NFC este modo. Área de pipas Las dos líneas de recepción se utilizarán para descargar a los tanques de búfer el NFC (Jugo fresco) y el FCOJ (Jugo concentrado) y serán almacenados directamente en los tanques. La capacidad de descarga será cerca de 60 m³ h -1. Las mangueras de descarga deben de permanecer en una habitación fría después de su utilización. Proceso de carga del buque Habrá dos líneas de carga con capacidad de 150 m³ h-1 (Dos para jugo fresco y dos para concentrado). Fuera de la terminal las líneas estarán situadas dentro de Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico 3 Estudio Preventivo de Impacto Ambiental un túnel de alrededor de 20 metros. Las líneas estarán conectadas al barco/buque con mangueras. Sistema de tuberías del producto La terminal estará provista de tuberías para NFC (Jugo Fresco) con bombas centrífugas y para FCOJ (Concentrado) con bombas de desplazamiento positivo, ambas controladas eléctricamente. Cada dos tanques estarán equipados con una bomba interconectada a las válvulas (aséptico) del sistema de tuberías CIP (Sistema de Limpieza). Las bombas estarán controladas desde una sala, de acuerdo con los parámetros rectores de alta presión y de niveles. Todos los tanques tendrán tuberías para rellenar y descargar. En todo el sistema para NFC se utilizarán válvulas de tipo aséptico y para FCOJ con válvulas de mariposa. Las válvulas de proceso principal serán provistas de controladores neumáticos. Controles y Sistema Eléctrico El sistema de control se basa en funcionamiento automático durante la carga, almacenamiento y descarga. El proceso será posible monitorearla desde la sala de control y mostrará lo siguiente: • Nivel de líquido del tanque • Interruptor de nivel alto de tanque • Presurizador en la parte superior del tanque de presión • Bomba de presión y velocidad • Temperatura de línea, de pasteurización y aire • Posicionamiento de la válvula • Rutas de uso y alarmas • Control de planta de refrigeración • Comunicación con el buque tanque Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico 4 Estudio Preventivo de Impacto Ambiental Para calibrar los lectores/indicadores se utilizará un sistema de radares. Los niveles líquidos mediante el sistema de radares sólo serán utilizados como un parámetro rector durante las operaciones de carga o descarga. CIP Sistema de Limpieza del Sitio El sistema CIP constará de tres tanques de 50 m³. Uno aislado pre-lavado con agua caliente opcional (recogida desde el último enjuague), un tanque de detergente aislado para CIP con agua dulce para enjuagar los tanques. Se instalarán dos bombas de suministro, una de 60 m³ h-1 y otro de 150 m³ h -1. Se instalará una bomba de circulación de calor para calentar el agua del CIP hasta 60°C. Está previsto que automáticamente se descargue el detergente y se desinfecte. El sistema CIP estará integrado con el sistema de control. Sistema de calderas El Sistema de calderas incluye un generador de vapor, un tanque, así como tratamiento de agua (un suavizante de agua y una bomba para los químicos). Todo lo necesario para la producción de vapor: Combustible, escape, drenaje y electricidad. Planta de refrigeración La terminal será establecida para mantener una temperatura constante, mediante el uso de aire refrigerado que circula a través del área, utilizando ventiladores. La Temperatura del aire de admisión será de 2°C con un aumento de 2°C para el NFC y hasta de -12°C con un aumento de temperatura máxima de 3°C para el FCOJ. Para la refrigeración de las máquinas en operación se utilizará amoníaco (NH 3). Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico 5 Estudio Preventivo de Impacto Ambiental Para la refrigerante secundaria basada en especificaciones de calidad de alimentos se utilizará glicol. La temperatura del cuarto frío será de 0° a -10°C. 2.1.1 Nombre del proyecto (Deberá estar relacionado con la descripción general) Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico. Altamira, Tamaulipas. 2.1.2 Naturaleza del proyecto (explicar en forma general el tipo de obra o actividad que motiva la realización del estudio, especificando el tipo de actividad, sector, volumen de producción y el monto de inversión estimada). 2.1.2.1 Tipo de obra o actividad El tipo de obra se refiere a: Conservación de frutas y verduras por procesos distintos a la congelación. 2.1.2.2 Sector La obra pertenece a los sectores agroindustrial y agroalimentario. 2.1.2.3 Volumen de producción El contrato con Tropicana tiene un horizonte inicial de cinco años renovable de manera indefinida y el rango de volumen para atender dicho contrato oscila entre 5 y 30 millones de galones al año. Un aspecto relevante es que no se tiene pactada ninguna exclusividad con Tropicana lo que permitirá vender el producto a otros clientes, tanto estadounidenses como europeos que son quienes conforman los mercados más importantes a nivel mundial. Terminal Portuaria Especializada para la Exportación de Jugo Simple Aséptico 6 Estudio Preventivo de Impacto Ambiental De acuerdo con este volumen, la Empresa tiene previsto que la construcción se realice durante el año 2010 e inicie operaciones para la temporada de naranja valencia del año 2011 cuando se pretende iniciar las ventas con 14.7 millones de galones. En el año 2013, ya en la maduración de la Empresa se alcanzará una venta de 30 millones de galones. El grupo de productores de naranja propietarios de la Empresa cuentan con una siembra de 60,000 hectáreas y se pretende que cada año la Empresa, de acuerdo con su capacidad de proceso y de su compromiso con Tropicana, con suficiente anticipación establezca un calendario de entrega semanal de producto a las plantas de extracción, la cual desde luego será acorde con la distancia a la que se encuentren sus plantaciones de la planta asignada. 2.1.2.4 Monto de inversión estimada El Presupuesto General del Proyecto será de $277’109,460.0 según desglose que se presenta en la siguiente Tabla: Tabla 1. Presupuesto General del Proyecto. SUMA CONCEPTO PROVAR & ESTATAL & ESTATAL PROGRGUBER IMPORTE PRODUCTORES OTROS SOCIOS CRÉDITO CRÉDITO
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