Bibliography on Grapevine Virus and Virus-Like Diseases 1985-1997
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Studies on Nematodes Parasitic on Woody Plants2. Genus Xiphinema
第12巻 日本線虫研究会誌 1983年3月 Studies on Nematodes Parasitic on Woody Plants 2. Genus Xiphinema CoBB, 1913* Yukio SHISHIDA** Five species in the genus Xiphinema, which were found in the Meiji Shrine Forest in Tokyo and at another site, are discussed and figured. They were associeted with various woody plant species. X. incognitum LAMBERTI et BLEVE-ZACHEO,which was originally described from specimens in England obtained from bonsai trees imported from Japan, appears to be native to Japan. Juveniles of X. chambersi THORNE, known so far only from North America, are described and the number of developmental stages of this species was discussed. Additional information on the morphological variability of X. simillimum LooF et YASSIN, known so far only from Africa, X. bakeri WILLIAMS and X. insigne Loos is presented. The intraspecific variation and geographic distribution of these species are discussed. Jpn. J. Nematol. 12: 1-14 (1983) Among the plant parasitic nematodes found in forests or forest nurseries, Xiphinema species are rather common and frequently encountered20,30,40,58> In his review of relations between Xiphinema and Longidorus and their host plants, CoHN5 noticed that most Xiphinema species have a preference for woody plants. The present paper reports five Xiphinema species associated with woody plants in Meiji Shrine Forest, Tokyo38) and in another site in central Japan. XIPHINEMA INCOGNITUM LAMBERTI et BLEVE-ZACHEO,1979 (Fig. 1. A-L) Syn. Tylencholaimus americanus in IMAMURA, 1931; KABURAKI& IMAMURA,1933 Xiphinema americanum in MAMIYA, 1969; SOUTHEY, 1973; TOIDA, OHSHIMA & HIRATA, 1978 This species had been treated as X. americanum, a widely distributed species with a great morphological variability. -
Determining the Classification of Vine Varieties Has Become Difficult to Understand Because of the Large Whereas Article 31
31 . 12 . 81 Official Journal of the European Communities No L 381 / 1 I (Acts whose publication is obligatory) COMMISSION REGULATION ( EEC) No 3800/81 of 16 December 1981 determining the classification of vine varieties THE COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES, Whereas Commission Regulation ( EEC) No 2005/ 70 ( 4), as last amended by Regulation ( EEC) No 591 /80 ( 5), sets out the classification of vine varieties ; Having regard to the Treaty establishing the European Economic Community, Whereas the classification of vine varieties should be substantially altered for a large number of administrative units, on the basis of experience and of studies concerning suitability for cultivation; . Having regard to Council Regulation ( EEC) No 337/79 of 5 February 1979 on the common organization of the Whereas the provisions of Regulation ( EEC) market in wine C1), as last amended by Regulation No 2005/70 have been amended several times since its ( EEC) No 3577/81 ( 2), and in particular Article 31 ( 4) thereof, adoption ; whereas the wording of the said Regulation has become difficult to understand because of the large number of amendments ; whereas account must be taken of the consolidation of Regulations ( EEC) No Whereas Article 31 of Regulation ( EEC) No 337/79 816/70 ( 6) and ( EEC) No 1388/70 ( 7) in Regulations provides for the classification of vine varieties approved ( EEC) No 337/79 and ( EEC) No 347/79 ; whereas, in for cultivation in the Community ; whereas those vine view of this situation, Regulation ( EEC) No 2005/70 varieties -
2015-CSW-Workbook-An
Wine Education and Certification Programs An Educational Resource Published by the Society of Wine Educators CERTIFIED ANSWER KEY To Accompany the SPECIALIST 2015 CSW Study Guide OF WINE Work Book www.societyofwineeducators.org 202.408.8777 © 2015 The Society of Wine Educators All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced or utilized in any form or by any means, electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording, or by any information storage and retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. This publication is intended to provide accurate information about the subject matter covered; however, facts and figures regarding numbers of appellations, relative rankings of countries, and wine laws are all liable to change over time. Please contact the Society of Wine Educators if you have any questions or comments about the contents of this guide. Printed in the United States of America CERTIFIED SPECIALIST OF WINE ANSWER KEY SOCIETY OF WINE EDUCATORS • CERTIFIED SPECIALIST OF WINE WINE COMPOSITION AND CHEMISTRY CHAPTER ONE CHAPTER 1: WINE COMPOSITION AND CHEMISTRY Exercise 1 (Chapter 1): Wine Components: Matching Exercise 4 (Chapter 1): Phenolic Compounds and 1. Tartaric Acid Other Components: True or False 2. Water 1. False 3. Legs 2. True 2 4. Citric Acid 3. True CHAPTER ONE 5. Ethyl Alcohol 4. True 6. Glycerol 5. False 7. Malic Acid 6. True 8. Lactic Acid 7. True 9. Succinic Acid 8. False 10. Acetic Acid 9. False WINE COMPOSITION AND CHEMISTRY 10. True Exercise 2 (Chapter 1): Wine Components: 11. False Fill in the Blank/Short Answer 12. -
Changes in the Aromatic Compounds Content in the Muscat Wines As a Result of the Application of Ultrasound During Pre-Fermentative Maceration
foods Article Changes in the Aromatic Compounds Content in the Muscat Wines as a Result of the Application of Ultrasound during Pre-Fermentative Maceration Fátima Aragón-García, Ana Ruíz-Rodríguez * and Miguel Palma Department of Analytical Chemistry, Center of Agri-Food and Wine Research (IVAGRO), Faculty of Science, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Spain; [email protected] (F.A.-G.); [email protected] (M.P.) * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: This research focuses on the aromatic composition of Muscat of Alexandria wines after the application of ultrasound for 40 or 80 min during a 4 h pre-fermentative maceration process. Two methods of ultrasound application were compared in this study: probe ultrasound and bath ultrasound, for periods of 10–20 min per hour. Increases of more than 200% were obtained for some of the compounds from the skins, such as two of its terpenes, citronellol and nerol. On the other hand, increases in alcohol and ester values were registered with the application of ultrasound for 40 min. However, a significant decrease in these compounds was recorded when the ultrasound process was extended. In fact, when ultrasound was applied for 80 min, content values were even lower than those registered for the wine produced without the application of ultrasound. At the sensory level, the effect resulting from probe and bath ultrasound application for different times were compared, where most of the judges successfully discriminated the wines resulting from the application of ultrasound bath. According to data, the wines resulting from the application of ultrasound bath for Citation: Aragón-García, F.; 80 min presented the most significant differences, which affected the aromas of white fruit, tropical Ruíz-Rodríguez, A.; Palma, M. -
Journal Officiel Des Communautés Européennes
Journal officiel des Communautés européennes 13e année n° L 224 10 octobre 1970 Edition de langue française Législation Sommaire I Actes dont la publication est une condition de leur applicabilité Règlement ( CEE) n° 2005/70 de la Commission, du 6 octobre 1970, relatif au classement des variétés de vigne 1 Règlement ( CEE) n° 2028/70 de la Commission, du 9 octobre 1970, fixant les prélèvements applicables aux céréales, aux farines et aux gruaux et semoules de froment ou de seigle 53 Règlement ( CEE) n° 2029/70 de la Commission, du 9 octobre 1970, fixant les primes s'ajoutant aux prélèvements pour les céréales et le malt 55 Règlement (CEE) n° 2030/70 de la Commission, du 9 octobre 1970, modifiant le correctif applicable à la restitution pour les céréales 57 Règlement (CEE) n° 2031/70 de la Commission, du 9 octobre 1970, fixant les prélèvements à l'importation pour le sucre blanc et le sucre brut 58 Règlement ( CEE) n° 2032/70 de la Commission, du 9 octobre 1970, fixant les prélèvements dans le secteur de l'huile d'olive 59 Règlement (CEE) n° 2033/70 de la Commission, du 9 octobre 1970, fixant le montant de l'aide dans le secteur des graines oléagineuses 61 8 10 . 10 . 70 Journal officiel des Communautés européennes N° L 224/ 1 I (Actes dont la publication est une condition de leur applicabilité) RÈGLEMENT ( CEE ) N° 2005/70 DE LA COMMISSION du 6 octobre 1970 relatif au classement des variétés de vigne LA COMMISSION DES COMMUNAUTÉS 816/70 , ne peut être vin de table que le vin prove EUROPÉENNES , nant de cépages figurant au classement -
Volatile Compounds in Grapes and Wines from Two Muscat Varieties Cultivated in Greek Islands
VOLATILE COMPOUNDS IN GRAPES AND WINES FROM TWO MUSCAT VARIETIES CULTIVATED IN GREEK ISLANDS COMPOSÉS VOLATILS DE RAISINS ET DE VINS ISSUS DE DEUX CÉPAGES MUSCAT CULTIVÉS DANS DES ÎLES GRECQUES P. LANARIDIS*, Marie-Jeanne SALAHA, Irini TZOUROU, E. TSOUTSOURAS and S. KARAGIANNIS Wine Institute of Athens, National Agricultural Research Foundation, 1 Sofokli Venizelou str., Lykovrissi 14123, Grèce Abstract: The concentrations of free and glycosidically linked monoterpenes and volatile alcohols in grapes and wines from the cultivars Muscat lefko and Muscat of Alexandria, cultivated in the islands of Samos and Lemnos respectively, were determined. The relationship between free and linked monoterpenes in grapes and wines as well as the relationship between grapes and wines in their monoterpene content was investigated, showing some diffe- rences between the two cultivars and the different vineyards. It is also demonstrated that skin-contact for 8 h at a temperature up to 15 °C, resulted in marked increases in the concentrations of free and linked monoterpenes in wines from both Muscat cultivars. Résumé : Les concentrations des monoterpènes libres et glycosylés dans des raisins et les vins correspondants issus des cépages Muscat lefko et Muscat d’Alexandrie cultivés dans les îles grecques de Samos et de Lemnos, ont été déterminées. On a mesuré les concentrations de l’alcool benzylique, de phényl-2-éthanol et des alcools en C6, libres et glycosylés. L’extraction des composants libres et glycosylés des jus de raisins et des vins a été réalisée à l’aide d’un adsorbant (C18) et de différents solvants. Cette technique permet d’isoler et de séparer les fractions libres et glycosylées de l’arôme. -
Viticultural Performance of Red and White Wine Grape Cultivars in Southwestern Idaho
environmental conditions, a climate Viticultural Performance of Red and White Wine classification system based on heat Grape Cultivars in Southwestern Idaho unit accumulation was developed to compare and describe production regions (Winkler et al., 1974). Culti- Krista C. Shellie1 var site evaluation also played an important role in Washington state wine industry growth where cultivar ADDITIONAL INDEX WORDS. grapevine, phenology, heat accumulation, germplasm, Vitis vinifera trials were initiated in 1937 and con- tinued into the late 1980s (Ahmedul- SUMMARY. A collection of 23 red and six white wine grape (Vitis vinifera) cultivars lah, 1985; Clore et al., 1976; Nagel were evaluated for viticultural performance in Parma, ID. Vine yield, fruit compo- and Spayd, 1990; Powers et al., sition, and vegetative growth were measured over four growing seasons, and data 1992). were used to compare relative cultivar performance based on yield to pruning ratio The uniqueness of Idaho’s viti- and fruit maturity. Relative differences among cultivars in budbreak day of year [96 (6 Apr.) to 122 (2 May)] and days from budbreak to harvest (143 to 179 days) cultural climate and youth of its in- varied from year to year. The earliest and latest maturing cultivars in 3 of 4 years dustry warrant evaluation of cultivar were ‘Blauer Portugieser’ (143 days), ‘Nebbiolo’ (177 days), ‘Barbera’ (179 days), suitability for commercial production ‘Orange Muscat’ (144 days), ‘Flora’ (149 days), ‘Muscat of Alexandria’ (166 days), (fruit quality and quantity sufficient and ‘Viognier’ (168 days). Cultivars differed in yield (2.4 to 7.0 tons/acre), to be competitive). Idaho’s principal vegetative vigor (4.6 to 20.4 yield/pruning weight), and harvest soluble solids wine grape-growing district is located concentration (21.1 to 26.5), but differences in harvest pH (3.0 to 4.1) and in the western half of the Snake River titratable acidity (2.48 to 13.03 gÁL–1) varied from year to year. -
Agreement Between the European Community and the United States of America on Trade in Wine
L 87/2 EN Official Journal of the European Union 24.3.2006 AGREEMENT between the European Community and the United States of America on trade in wine The EUROPEAN COMMUNITY, hereafter ‘the Community’, and The UNITED STATES OF AMERICA, hereafter ‘the United States’, hereafter referred to jointly as ‘the Parties’, RECOGNISING that the Parties desire to establish closer links in the wine sector, DETERMINED to foster the development of trade in wine within the framework of increased mutual understanding, RESOLVED to provide a harmonious environment for addressing wine trade issues between the Parties, HAVE AGREED AS FOLLOWS: TITLE I INITIAL PROVISIONS Article 1 Objectives The objectives of this Agreement are: (a) to facilitate trade in wine between the Parties and to improve cooperation in the development and enhance the transparency of regulations affecting such trade; (b) to lay the foundation, as the first phase, for broad agreement on trade in wine between the Parties; and (c) to provide a framework for continued negotiations in the wine sector. Article 2 Definitions For the purposes of this Agreement: (a) ‘wine-making practice’ means a process, treatment, technique or material used to produce wine; (b) ‘COLA’ means a Certificate of Label Approval or a Certificate of Exemption from Label Approval that results from an approved Application for and Certification/Exemption of Label/Bottle Approval, as required under US federal laws and regulations and issued by the US Government that includes a set of all labels approved to be firmly affixed to a bottle of wine; 24.3.2006 EN Official Journal of the European Union L 87/3 (c) ‘originating’ when used in conjunction with the name of one of the Parties in respect of wine imported into the territory of the other Party means the wine has been produced in accordance with either Party’s laws, regulations and requirements from grapes wholly obtained in the territory of the Party concerned; (d) ‘WTO Agreement’ means the Marrakesh Agreement establishing the World Trade Organisation, done on 15 April 1994. -
Virginia Celebrates 250Th Anniversary of American Wine at London International Wine Fair Successful Birthplace of American Wine Rooted in British History
For Immediate Release: Media Contact: Karen Batalo 804.262.9130 [email protected] Virginia Celebrates 250th Anniversary of American Wine at London International Wine Fair Successful birthplace of American wine rooted in British history Richmond, Va. (May 22, 2012) - Virginia Wines continue to share the spotlight on the international stage, this time at the 2012 London International Wine Fair (LIWF), where award-winning wineries from the Central Virginia, Northern Virginia and Hampton Roads Regions will be pouring May 22 - 24. Four wineries from the Monticello AVA, home of Thomas Jefferson, will participate in addition to two from Northern Virginia and one from Hampton Roads, located near the heart of Colonial Williamsburg. "We will be pouring wines at the London International Wine Fair just as we kick off celebrations for the 250th anniversary of the American Wine industry at Philip Carter Winery - Charles Carter's Virginia wines were the first American wines to be internationally recognized with a gold medal from the Royal Society of Arts. We are excited to return to London for our fourth wine fair, where we have received a warm reception and glowing reviews from the international wine press." The following Virginia Wineries (pouring wines listed) are participating in the LIWF: Monticello AVA, Central Virginia Region Barboursville Vineyards, 2008 Cabernet Franc, 2006 Octagon, 2010 Viognier King Family Vineyards, 2010 Viognier Veritas Winery, 2009 Kenmar Dessert Wine, 2010 Petit Verdot Paul Shaffer 4th Edition, 2011 Viognier Virginia -
Specifications of the Penedès Protected Designation of Origin
Specifications of the Penedès Protected Designation of Origin The object of this document is to regulate the use of the Penedès Protected Designation of Origin by operators in production, elaboration, bottling, commercialisation, publicity and any related activities. 1. Protected Designation 1.1 Protected name “PENEDÈS”, “Penedès” 2. Description of the products 2.1 Physical and chemical characteristics of the wines Wines covered by the PDO Penedès will adhere to the types and the natural alcoholic content by volume established in the current European Community regulations, both for still and sparkling wines. Quality still wines, traditional fortified wines, semi-sparkling wines, those produced from late-harvested grapes and sparkling wines, produced and bottled under the auspices of the PDO Penedès, must adhere to the following physical and chemical characteristics: 2.1.1 Wine: production of the different protected wine styles must use the varieties of Vitis vinifera listed in section 6 Whites: Alcohol content by volume: minimum 9.5% Rosés: Alcohol content by volume: minimum 9.5% Reds: Alcohol content by volume: minimum 11.5% Wines produced by cryoextraction. Wine made from Chardonnay, Gewürtzraminer, Malvasía de Sitges, Muscat Blanc à Petits Grains, Muscat d’Alexandria, Riesling, Sauvignon Blanc, Merlot, Viognier and Xarel·lo varieties, produced with ripe grapes with a minimum natural sugar content of 240 grammes per litre, partial fermentation of the must, with fermentation stopped by refrigeration (alone or combined with other techniques) without addition or sweetening. Alcoholic content by volume of minimum 9.5% and maximum 13.5%. Wine produced by this method must have between 70 g/l and 150 g/l of reducing sugars. -
Oznaka Uzorka
SVEUČILIŠTE JOSIPA JURJA STROSSMAYER FAKULTET AGROBIOTEHNIČKIH ZNANOSTI OSIJEK Luka Poturiček Diplomski studij Voćarstvo, vinogradarstvo i vinarstvo Smjer Vinogradarsvo i vinarstvo MONITORING POJAVE VRSTA NEMATODA PRENOSIOCA VIRUSA IZ RODA XIPHINEMA U VINOGRADIMA VUKOVARSKO-SRIJEMSKE, OSJEČKO-BARANJSKE I ISTARSKE ŽUPANIJE, 2018. GODINE Diplomski rad Osijek, 2019. SVEUČILIŠTE JOSIPA JURJA STROSSMAYER FAKULTET AGROBIOTEHNIČKIH ZNANOSTI OSIJEK Luka Poturiček Diplomski studij Voćarstvo, vinogradarstvo i vinarstvo Smjer Vinogradarstva i vinarstva MONITORING POJAVE VRSTA NEMATODA PRENOSIOCA VIRUSA IZ RODA XIPHINEMA U VINOGRADIMA VUKOVARSKO-SRIJEMSKE, OSJEČKO-BARANJSKE I ISTARSKE ŽUPANIJE, 2018. GODINE Diplomski rad Povjerenstvo za ocjenu i obranu diplomskog rada: 1. prof. dr. sc. Emilija Raspudić, predsjednik 2. prof. dr. sc. Mirjana Brmež, mentor 3. prof. dr. sc. Karolina Vrandečić, član Osijek, 2019. SADRŽAJ 1. UVOD……………………………………………………………………….1 2. PREGLED LITERATURE……………………………….............................2 2.1. Nematode………………………..………………………………..…….2 2.1.1. Morfologija……………………………………..............................3 2.1.2. Biologija i ekologija nematoda……………………………...……..5 2.1.3. Ishrana nematoda……………………………………………….....6 2.1.4. Biljno parazitske nematode………..…………………...………...6 2.2. Rod Xiphinema, Cobb, 1913………………………………………..…..11 2.2.1. Xiphinema index Thorne and Allen,1950………………..….12 2.2.1.1. Vektor virusa…………………………………………………14 2.2.1.2. Simptomi……………………………………………………..17 2.2.1.3. Zamjena simptoma …………………………………………..18 2.2.1.4. Dijagnoza virusnih bolesti……………………………………19 2.2.1.5. Mjere suzbijanja virusnih bolesti……………………………..19 2.2.1.6. Mjere suzbijanja Xiphineme index…………………………….20 2.2.2. Xiphinema americanum Cobb, 1913……………………………….21 2.2.3. Xiphinema americanum (sensu lato)……………………………….22 2.2.4. Xiphinema diversicaudatum Micoletzky, 1927.; Thorne…………..23 2.2.5. Xiphinema vuittenezi Luc, Lima, Weischer & Flegg, 1964………..25 2.2.6. Xiphinema italiae Meyl, 1953……………………………………...25 2.2.7. -
REPORT on APPLES – Fruit Pathway and Alert List
EU project number 613678 Strategies to develop effective, innovative and practical approaches to protect major European fruit crops from pests and pathogens Work package 1. Pathways of introduction of fruit pests and pathogens Deliverable 1.3. PART 5 - REPORT on APPLES – Fruit pathway and Alert List Partners involved: EPPO (Grousset F, Petter F, Suffert M) and JKI (Steffen K, Wilstermann A, Schrader G). This document should be cited as ‘Wistermann A, Steffen K, Grousset F, Petter F, Schrader G, Suffert M (2016) DROPSA Deliverable 1.3 Report for Apples – Fruit pathway and Alert List’. An Excel file containing supporting information is available at https://upload.eppo.int/download/107o25ccc1b2c DROPSA is funded by the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme for research, technological development and demonstration (grant agreement no. 613678). www.dropsaproject.eu [email protected] DROPSA DELIVERABLE REPORT on Apples – Fruit pathway and Alert List 1. Introduction ................................................................................................................................................... 3 1.1 Background on apple .................................................................................................................................... 3 1.2 Data on production and trade of apple fruit ................................................................................................... 3 1.3 Pathway ‘apple fruit’ .....................................................................................................................................