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Twenty-First Annual International PITTSBURGH COAL CONFERENCE Coal – Energy and the Environment ABSTRACTS September 13-17, 2004 Grand Cube Osaka (Osaka International Convention Center) Osaka, Japan PCC © 2004 TABLE OF CONTENTS SESSIONS Page SESSIONS Page Oral Sessions A Note to the Reader 34: International Coal Technology Co-Operation – 2 32 35: Environmental Control Technology – 6: Mercury 1: Combustion Technologies – 1: Modeling 1 33 2: Gasification – 1: Fundamentals 2 (2) 36: Coal Utilization Technologies in Steel industry – 3: Hydrogen in the Future – 1: General 3 34 4: Coal Utilization By-products – 1: Characterization 1: Keynote Lecture & Cokemaking process 4 37: Materials, Instrumentation & Controls – 1: USC & Use of Coal Utilization By-products 34 5: Environmental Control Technology – 1: Nitrogen Power Plants 4 Species and Organic Emissions 38: Gasification Application & Economics – 1 35 6: Coal Production & Preparation – 1 5 39: Low Rank Coal Utilization – 3 36 7: Combustion Technologies – 2: Co-combustion of 40: Synthesis of Liquid Fuels & Chemical from Coal 6 37 Coal & Alternative Fuels – 1: Fischer-Tropsch Synthesis 8: Gasification – 2: Fundamentals 7 41: Coal Production & Preparation – 2 38 9: Hydrogen in the Future – 2: Fundamentals of 42: Coal Utilization Technologies in Steel Industry – 8 39 Hydrogen Production from Coal 2: Coke Quality, Coal Characterization, Analysis 10: Coal Utilization By-products – 2: Coal Ash 43: Materials, Instrumentation & Controls – 2: 9 40 Utilization for Concrete & Materials Functional Materials 11: Environmental Control Technology – 2: 44: Gasification Applications & Economics – 2 41 10 Particulate Matter and Trace Elements (1) 45: Low Rank Coal Utilization – 4 42 46: Synthesis of Liquid Fuels & Chemicals from Coal 12: Coal Chemistry – 1 11 43 13: Combustion Technologies – 3: Experiences of – 2: Liquefaction & Natural Gas 12 47: Global Climate Change & Application of Large-Scale FBCs 44 14: Gasification – 3: Alternative Feedstocks 13 Industrial Ecology – 1 15: Hydrogen in the Future – 3: Hydrogen Production 48: Coal Utilization Technologies in Steel Industry – 14 45 Technologies (Direct & Indirect) 3: Coal Tar, Pitch, Co-Pyrolysis 16: Coal Utilization By-Products – 3: Coal Utilization 49: Materials, Instrumentation & Controls – 3: High 15 46 By-Products: Coal Ash Utilization Technologies Temperature Materials Issues 17: Environmental Control Technology – 3: 50: Gasification Applications & Economics – 3 47 16 Particulate Matter & Trace Elements (2) 51: Low Rank Coal Utilization – 5 48 52: Synthesis of Liquid Fuels & Chemicals from Coal 18: Coal Chemistry – 2 17 49 19: Combustion Technologies – 4: Behavior of – 3: Dimethyl Ether & Methanol 18 53: Global Climate Change & Application of Mineral Matter During Combustion 50 20: Advanced Energy Systems 19 Industrial Ecology – 2 21: Hydrogen in the Future – 4: Hydrogen Production 54: Coal Utilization Technologies in Steel Industry – 20 Technologies (Direct & Indirect) and Separation 4: Co-Pyrolysis, Coke Reactions in a Blast 51 22: Coal Utilization By-products – 4: Coal Ash Furnace 21 Utilization for Civil Engineering Materials 23: Environmental Control Technology – 4: Sulfur Poster Sessions 22 and PAH 24: Non-fuel Utilization of Coal – 1 23 1: Combustion Technologies 52 25: Combustion Technologies – 5: Emissions of 24 2: Gasification & Pyrolysis Technologies 53 Trace Elements & Particulate Matters 3: Coal Utilization By-Products 57 26: Gasification Advanced Technologies – 1: 4: Coal Utilization Technologies in the Steel Industry 57 Conventional & Advanced Synthesis Gas 25 5: Environmental Control Technologies for Sox, 58 Cleanup NOx, Particulates & Trace Elements 27: Low Rank Coal Utilization – 1 26 6: Synthesis of Liquid Fuels & Chemicals 60 28: International Coal Technology Co-Operation – 1 26 7: Coal Chemistry 61 29: Environmental Control Technology – 5: Mercury 27 8: Geosciences & Resources 62 (1) 9: Non-Fuel Utilization of Coal 63 30: Non-fuel Utilization of Coal – 2 28 10: Gas Turbines & Fuel Cell for Synthesis Gas & 63 31: Geosciences & Resources 29 Hydrogen Applications 32: Gasification Advanced Technologies – 2: 30 11: Low Rank Coal Utilization 64 Pyrolysis 12: Coal Production & Preparation 65 33: Low Rank Coal Utilization – 2 31 13: Other Topics 65 A NOTE TO THE READER This Abstracts Booklet is prepared solely as a convenient reference for the Conference participants. Abstracts are arranged in the numerical order of the oral and poster sessions as published in the Final Conference Program. In order to facilitate the task for the reader to locate a specific abstract in a given session, each paper is given two numbers: the first designates the session number and the second represents the paper number in that session. For example, Paper No. 25-1 is the first paper to be presented in the Oral Session #25. Similarly, Paper No. P-3 (where ‘P’ designates a Poster Session) is the third paper to appear in the Coal Utilization By-Products Session. It should be cautioned that this Abstracts Booklet is prepared based on the original abstract that was submitted, unless the author noted an abstract change. The contents of the Booklet do not reflect late changes made by the authors for their presentations at the Conference. The reader should consult the Final Conference Program for any such changes. Furthermore, updated and detailed full manuscripts are published in the CD-ROM Conference Proceedings, made available to all registered participants at the Conference. On behalf of the Twenty-First Annual International Pittsburgh Coal Conference, we wish to express our sincere appreciation to Mr. Fan Shi and Ms. Crystal M. Jones for their assistance in preparing this Abstract Booklet. Badie Morsi Executive Director International Pittsburgh Coal Conference University of Pittsburgh September 2004 Copyright © 2004 Pittsburgh Coal Conference different reduced models are used in a simulation, each reduced model being used only SESSION 1 under reaction conditions where it is representative of the full model. The AdapChem COMBUSTION TECHNOLOGIES 1: MODELING provides a method for avoiding the loss of efficiency while retaining chemical accuracy where it is required. The discrete-ordinates method was employed to 1-1 calculate the radiative heat transfer and incorporated in the AdapChem to show that Characteristics of Pulverized Coal Burner Using High Temperature Air AdapChem is feasible and accurate. Comparisons between the simulation results of Combustion Technology two axisymmetric laminar co-flowing partially premixed methane/air flames with and Toshiyuki Suda, Makoto Takafuji, Tetsuya Hirata and Jun’ichi Sato without radiation show that very similar topologic reacting structures can be obtained, Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries, Co., Ltd., Japan but some differences in the size of the partitive zone and different chemical models for each flame exist. For the two cases studied, there is a reasonable temperature decrease High-Temperature Air Combustion Technology (HiCOT) is a new combustion with the radiation model incorporated. technology that achieves both high thermal efficiency and low NOx emission. In the previous study, HiCOT has been applied to pulverized coal combustion, and the 1-4 combustion behavior of pulverized coal in high temperature air has been investigated Dynamic Reactivity and Comminution Behaviour of Particles using a small scale regenerative furnace. In this study, pulverized coal burner using In CFBC HiCOT technology has been tested using a large scale furnace with thermal output of Jaakko Saastamoinen, Heidi Hasa, Juha Pitsink, Jouni Hamalainen and Antti Tourunen 1.2MWth. VTT Processes, Finland Furnace with 1.6 m width, 0.8 m height and 8.0 m length has been used in the Timo Hyppanen, Miro Loschkin and Toni Pikkarainen experiment, which has a pair of regenerative burner in each side of the furance. Foster Wheeler Energia, Finland Bituminous and anthracite coal whose average particle size is 40µm are fed into the furnace at the feed rate of 150kg/h by two pulverized coal burners. Combustion air is Steady state population balance modelling has widely been used to simulate the heated up to 1073K by the heat exchanger using thermal storage honeycombs. Inlet particle size distribution (PSD) of different material (fuel, ash, sand or sorbent port for pulverized coal is changed in order to clarify the effect of mixing with high particles) in fluidized bed (FBC) and circulating fluidized bed boilers (CFBC). The temperature air on ignition and NOx emission behavior. Excess air ratio is changed steady state approach cannot be used to study the effect of rapid changes in dynamic from 1.0 to 1.5. Flame behavior, exhaust gas composition and combustion efficiency conditions, where the fuel with different reactivity and PSD and the PSD of its ash are measured in the experiment. vary, but a dynamic model is more appropriate. Results show that NOx concentration in the exhaust gas is from 100 to 150 ppm Bench scale reactors can be applied to study basic comminution and reaction rate (6%O2) at the excess air ratio of 1.2, which seems to be smaller than that in behaviour of materials with a fuel batch input, which is more easily operated than conventional systems which uses much low temperature air. This is because the release reactor with a continuous feed. Then however, the dynamic population balance of volatile matter and fuel nitrogen by high temperature air are promoted and then the approach is required to interpret the results and extract