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Ministarstvo Sredine I Prostornog Planiranja

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Ministarstvo Sredine I Prostornog Planiranja MINISTARSTVO SREDINE I PROSTORNOG PLANIRANJA KOSOVSKA AGENCIJA ZA ZAŠTITU SREDINE KOSOVSKI INSTITUT ZA ZAŠTITU PRIRODE MINISTARSTVO SREDINE I PROSTORNOG PLANIRANJA KOSOVSKA AGENCIJA ZA ZAŠTITU SREDINE KOSOVSKI INSTITUT ZA ZAŠTITU PRIRODE Priština, 2019 Poštovani čitaoci, Prirodno nasleđe jedne zemlje je spada među najvažnijim bogatstvima te zemlje. Nacionalni Parkovi, šumski ekosistemi, prirodni monumenti i izvori vode, osim što su staništa mnogih biljnih i životinjskih retkih vrsta i što u sebi nose mnogo retkih i interesantnih geoloških, morfoloških, hidroloških i pejzažnih fenomena i pojava, one predstavljaju i važne izvore za ekonomski razvoj, socijalnu dobrobit, obrazovanje i rekreaciju. Eđutim, nekontrolisano i neplanirano iskorišćavanje ovih vrednosti i prirodnih izvora može dovesti do nepopravljive štete čija će posledica biti i izumiranje retkih, biljnih i životinjskih vrsta kao i oštećenje retkih, prirodnih fenomena. Ako polazimo od ove činjenice, institucije Kosova su unutar svojih prioriteta uključile i zaštitu i očuvanje retkih vrednosti prirodnog nasleđa. Danas, Kosovo poseduje oko 11.5 % zakonski zaštićene teritorije, unutar koje u obuhvaćene zaštićene zone različitih kategorija kao što su: Nacionalni Parkovi, prirodni rezervati, zaštićeni monumenti kao i ostale prirodne zone od posebnog značaja. Takođe, u cilju efikasnijeg i postojanijeg rukovođenja ovim vrednostima, osim što je izrađeno relevantno zakonodavstvo u odseku za zaštitu prirode i biodiverziteta, izrađene su i strategije, planovi delovanja, prostorni planovi kao i planovi bilo za prirodu Kosova ili za određene zone. U cilju promovisanja vrednosti prirodnog nasleđa Kosova i senzibilizacije široke javnosti o njihovoj vrednosti, one su postale ne sam deo projekata i nacionalnih inicijativa, nego i deo regionalnih i međunarodnih projekata. Unatoč tome, i dalje je potrebno neprekidno angažovanje svih institucija i organizacija ali i našeg društva za očuvanje i konzervaciju ovih prirodnih vrednosti i njihovog postojanog iskorišćavanja zbog dobrobiti današnjih i dolazećih generacija. Čovek je deo prirode a ne vlasnik iste, otuda njegovi zahtevi i interesi trebaju biti u skladu sa zakonima prirode i njenom ekološkom ravnotežom Glavni izvršni direktor AMMK 3 SADRŽAJ 1. UVODNI DEO 14 1.1. OPŠTE KARAKTERISTIKE KOSOVA 14 1.2. CILJ IZVEŠTAJA 16 1.3. ISTORIJAT ZAŠTITE PRIRODE NA KOSOVU 17 2. PRAVNI I INSTITUCIONALNI OKVIR O ZAŠTITI PRIRODE 18 2.1. Pravni okvir 18 2.1.2. Usvojeni podzakonski akti 18 2.1.3. Akti u postupku 2015 – 2017 20 2.1.4. Ocenjivanje zakonitosti opštinskih akata 20 2.1.5. Dozvole i licence za zaštitu prirode koje izdaje OZŽSV 21 3. INSTITUCIONALNI OKVIR 22 3.1. Organi odlučivanja 22 3.2. Implementacija Strategije i Akcionog plana o biodivrezitetu 2011 – 2020 23 4. KLASIFIKACIJE ZAŠTIĆENIH PODRUČJA 26 4.1. Striktni prirodni rezervat 26 4.2. Nacionalni park 26 4.3. Posebno zaštićeno područje 27 4.4. Park prirode 27 4.5. Spomenici prirode 27 4.6. Zaštićeni pejzaž 28 4.7. Spomenik arhitekture parka 28 5. HRONOLOGIJA PROGLAŠENJA ZAŠTIĆENIH PODRUČJA 29 6. ZAŠTIĆENA PODRUČJA PRIRODE 30 6.1. STRIKTNI REZERVATI 31 6.1.1. Sveta Dolina 32 6.1.2. Šutman 32 6.1.3. Bredhiku 33 6.1.4. Ostrovica 34 6.1.5. Klisura 35 6.1.6. Ljumbard 36 6.1.7. Ljuboten 36 6.1.8. Planina Kožnjera-Vrh Ropsa 37 6.1.9. Koritnik 38 6.1.10. Koplica 39 6.1.11. Dupnica 39 6.1.12. Bistra 40 6.1.13. Prilepske planine 41 4 6.1.14. Gubavci 42 6.1.15. Rusenica 42 6.1.16. Ošljak 43 6.1.17. Popovo prase 44 6.1.18. Golem bor 45 6.1.19. Kamilja 46 6.1.20. Postojeće stane striktnih rezervata 47 6.1.21. Preporuke 50 6.2. NACIONALNI PARK „ŠAR“ 51 6.2.1. Stanje prirodnih resursa u Nacionalnom parku „Šar“ 51 6.2.2. Šumski ekosistemi 51 6.2.3. Travnati ekosistemi 52 6.2.4. Prva zona zaštite - striktne prirodne oblasti 53 6.2.5. Vodeni resursi 54 6.2.6. Fauna 55 6.2.7. Sanitarne mere za zaštitu, očuvanje i održavanje šuma 56 6.2.8. Turističke oblasti i objekti u NP-a „Šara” 57 6.2.9. Izazovi i problemi u NP-u „Šara“ 58 6.2.10. Preporuke 59 6.3. NACIONALNI PARK „PROKLETIJE“ 61 6.3.1. Stanje Nacionalnog parka „Prokletije“ 62 6.3.2. Izrada Prostornog plana za Nacionalni park „Prokletije“ 69 6.3.3. Izazovi i problemi u upravljanju NP „Prokletije“ 70 6.3.4. Preporuke 70 6.4. POSEBNA PODRUČJA – PZP i POP 72 6.4.1. Močvara Henc - Radevo, posebno zaštićeno područje ptica 72 6.4.2 Stanje 73 6.4.3. Preporuke 74 6.5. PARK PRIRODE 74 6.5.1. Planina Paštrik i Vrbničko jezero 74 6.5.2. Preporuke 75 6.6. SPOMENICI PRIRODE 76 6.6.1. Spomenik prirode od posebnog značaja „Gadimska pećina“ 76 6.6.2. Spomenik prirode od posebnog značaja „Vodopadi Miruše“ 79 6.6.3. Bifurkacija reke Nerodimka 81 6.6.4. Izvor Belog Drima sa pećinom Radavca 84 6.6.5. Muzej kristala 85 6.6.6. Rugovska klisura i pećina “Velika klisura” 87 6.6.7. Uticanje na spomenike prirode 89 5 6.7. ZAŠTIĆENI PEJZAŽI 91 6.7.1. Zaštićeni pejzaž „Grmija“ 91 6.7.2. Zaštićeni pejzaž „Škugza“ 95 7. PREDLOŽENE ZONE ZA ZAŠTITU 98 8. DRUGA ZAŠTIĆENA PODRUČJA 99 8.1. Područje Prioroda 2000 100 8.2. Lovišta od posebnog značaja 101 8.2.1. Lovište od posebnog značaja „Blinaja“ 8.2.2. Lovište od posebnog značaja „Dubočak“ 102 8.2.3. Šuma medveda – Priština 104 9. BIORAZNOLIKOST 106 9.1. Bioraznolikost 106 9.1.1. Stanje bioraznolikost 106 9.1.2. Flora 106 9.1.3. Vegetacija 108 9.1.4. Stanje faune 110 9.1.5. Praćenje ugroženih vrsta sisara u Nacionalnim parkovima 111 10. ŠUME KOSOVA 114 10.1. Stanje šumskih ekosistema na Kosovu 115 10.2. Upravljanje šumskim ekosistemima i izazovi 119 10.3. Zaključci i preporuke 121 11. EKOTURIZAM 123 11.1. Ekoturizam u zaštićenim zonama 12. NACIONALNI PROJEKTI I FINANSIRANI OD STRANE DONATORA 126 12.1. Obeležavanje spomenika prirode 126 12.2. Crvena knjiga faune 126 12.3. Povećanje upravljanja Prekograničnim Prirodnim Područjima 127 12.4. Inventarizacija biljnih vrsta, životinja, vrsta prirodnih staništa i njihov kartografsko predstavljanje 127 12.5. Regionalni otvoreni fond za Jugoistočnu Evropu - Biodiverzitet (ORF-BD) 128 12.6. Projekat BORN - BORderless Nature (Zaštita i razvoj biodiverziteta u Nacionalnih parkova “Bjeshkët e Nemuna” i “Prokletije”) 129 12.7. Saradnja sa Evropskim udruženjem „Zeleni Pojas“ 131 12.8. Saradnja sa Univerzitetom u Konstanzu 132 12.8.1. Letnja škola 2015.-2017. 132 12.8.2. Prstenovanje ptica 133 12.9. Projekat područja starih bukovih šuma 134 12.10. Speleološka istraživačka ekspedicija 135 6 13. MERE PREDUZETE ZA ZAŠTITU PRIRODE 136 13.1. Inspektiranje zaštićenih područja 136 13.2. Prekršajni postupci u oblasti zaštite prirode 2015.-2017. 137 13.3. BIO-GEOGRAFSKI Regioni 138 14. UČEŠĆE U AKTIVNOSTIMA ZA ZAŠTITU PRIRODE 140 14.1. Aktivnosti organizovane od strane MSPP i njegovih partnera 140 14.1.1. Obeležavanje Međunarodnog dana zaštite biodiverziteta (2015.-2016.) 140 14.1.2. Obeležavanje Međunarodnog dana biodiverziteta 2017. 140 14.2. Izveštavanje EEA/EIONET 141 14.3. Učešće u 9. Pan-evropskoj konferenciji o Zelenom Pojasu 141 14.4. Učešće u studijskoj poseti Austriji, Italiji i Sloveniji (SIDA Program zaštite životne sredine za Kosovo 2017.) 142 14.5. Učešće na radionici „Geo-parkovi jugoistočne Evrope“ 143 14.6. Učešće u studijskoj poseti Italiji u okviru projekta BorN 143 15. ZAKLJUČCI I PREPORUKE 144 16. REFERENCE 146 17. PRILOG I: Mapa zaštićenih područja (2017) 149 18. PRILOG II: Tabela 11. Spisak zaštićenih područja na Kosovu (2017) 150 19. PRILOG III: Odluka o odobravanju izveštaja o stanju prirode 2015-2017 7 Skraćenice KAP Kosovska agencija za privatizaciju AZŽSK Agencija za zaštitu životne sredine na Kosovu AŠK Agencija šuma Kosova BDTF Radna grupa za biodiverzitet EZ Evropska zajednica BIMR Regionalna mreža za upravljanje informacijama o biodivezitetu i izveštavanje KBK Konsolidovani budžet Kosova ERS Ekonomska i razvojna saradnja BORN Pogranične prirodne vrednosti CDDA Zajednička baza podataka o određenim područjima CITES Konvencija o međunarodnoj trgovini ugroženim vrstama DUNP Direkcija za upravljanje Nacionalnim parkom OZŽSV Odeljenje za zaštitu životne sredine i voda DNP Direkcija nacionalnog parka ECRAN Regionalna mreža životna sredina i klima EEA Evropska agencija za životnu sredinu EIONET Evropska mreža za informisanje i nadzor KZZP Kosovski zavod za zaštitu prirode ENVSEC Inicijativa za bezbednost i životnu sredinu ERA Nevladina organizacija za životnu sredinu ERASMUS Saradnja Evropske unije sa univerzitetskim studentima ESAV Procena usluga ekosistema EUNIS Organizacija informacionih sistema Evropskog univerziteta EURING Evrpska unija za prstenovanje FAO Organizacija za hranu i poljoprivredu (Food and Agriculture Organisation) FOUR PAWS Austrijska fondacija za zaštitu životinja PMF Prirodno- matematički fakultet GIS Geografski informacioni sistem GIZ Nemačka tehnička saradnja GPS Globalni pozicioni sistem SLK Službeni list Kosova SLRK Službeni list Republike Kosovo KIZP Kosovski institut za zaštitu prirode IPA Instrument predpristupne pomoći IPH Institut za prostorno planiranje ISCC Privremeni sekretarijat Karpatske konvencije IUCN Međunarodna unija za zaštitu prirode JICA Japanska agencija za međunarodnu saradnju 8 KEERC Centar za edukaciju i istraživanja o životnoj sredini na Kosovu NKRM Nezavisna komisija za rudnike i minerale MALS Ministarstvo administracije lokalne samouprave MASHAV Izraelska agencija za međunarodni razvoj i saradnju MAVA Norveška fondacija MPŠRR Ministarstvo poljoprivrede, šumarstva i ruralnog razvoja MŽSPP Ministarstvo životne sredine i prostornog planiranja SPPZ Spomenik prirode od posebnog značaja MER Ministarstvo ekonomskog razvoja NVO Nevladina organizacija
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