EASTERN HIGH ANDES TO VAST AMAZON

1 - 15 MARCH 2009

TOUR REPORT

Leader: José Illanes, assisted by Pablo Hualinga at Sacha Lodge

Report and photos by José Illanes. All photos from the tour.

Photo right: Rufous at Gareno

ITINERARY :

1 March : Arrival, night in Quito. 2 March : Antisana Reserve, Papallacta, and Guango. Night Guango Lodge. 3 March : Papallacta Pass and Guango. Night Cabañas San Isidro. 4 March : San Isidro (Yanayacu Road and trails). Night San Isidro. 5 March : San Isidro, Guacamayos Ridge, and Gareno Road. Night Gareno Lodge. 6 March : Gareno (Huaorani Territory). Night Gareno Lodge. 7 March : Gareno Area, Tena Road, and Loreto Road. Night WildSumaco Lodge. 8 March : WildSumaco (FACE trail and Residence Area). Night WildSumaco Lodge. 9 March : WildSumaco (Piha Trail and Pacto Sumaco Road). Night WildSumaco. 10 March : WildSumaco, drive to Coca, boat to Sacha. Night Sacha Lodge. 11 March : Sacha Lodge (Boardwalk, Napo River, and Yasuni NP. Night Sacha Lodge. 12 March : Sacha Lodge (Orquideas creek, canopy tower, Lianas trail). Night Sacha Lodge 13 March : Sacha Lodge (canopy walkway, trails, boardwalk, river island. Night Sacha. 14 March : Sacha Lodge (boardwalk & “finca”), return to Coca, fly to Quito. Night in Quito. 15 March : Early morning departure.

02 March. We started with some introductions after our early breakfast in the hotel. We were all hoping to see wonderful on the trip and were not disappointed. The tour started as we headed up to Antisana Ecological Reserve, which is located above the tree line from about 3200 m. to 4000 m. elevation. At the first stop in some dry scrubby habitat we got a perched Giant Hummingbird, Black-tailed Trainbearer, and great views of the Cinereous Conebill, Tufted Tit-Tyrant, Tawny-rumped Tyrannulet, and Brown-backed Chat-tyrant. As we drove much higher up we caught with the localized Streak-backed Canastero in dry páramo grassland. The sun finally came out as we got to the high, flat plains and we got a wonderful view of a surprisingly large flock of Black-faced Ibis, at least twelve of them. We also saw Andean Gull , the odd looking Caruculated Caracara, Paramo Ground-Tyrant, Black-winged Ground Dove, and Bar-winged and Stout-billed Cinclodes . Two of the majestic and much hoped-for Andean Condors were soaring in the distance, but because of their huge size they were easy to identify. Next we went to the old Hacienda, where they have some hummer feeders, with Ecuadorian Hillstar coming to visit about once every five minutes. After this we went down to the Laguna Mica, enjoying our boxed lunch while watching the waterfowl. We saw from there Silvery Grebe (photo left), Andean Ruddy-Duck, Andean Teal, Andean Coot, and Andean Lapwing . We had been quite lucky with the great weather here, so after lunch we drove up over Papallacta Pass and down to Guango Lodge, where we spent the night. Just after getting to the lodge, we found a big mixed feeding flock with Slaty and Pale- naped Brush-Finches, Gray-hooded Bush-Tanager, Bar-bellied Woodpecker, Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager, White- banded Tyrannulet, Superciliaried Hemispingus, and Pearled Treerunner. It was nice to pick up some these species before we even checked into the lodge! Of course we saw a few humming species at the feeders, especially unmistakable Sword-billed Hummingbird (photo left) . After a delicious dinner we went to bed hoping our good luck would continue the next day.

3 March. After our early breakfast, we planned to head up to Papallacta Pass to look for seedsnipes, but we were held up a bit to watch the Chestnut-crowned Antpitta which is been fed by one of the workers from the lodge. We finally got up to the radio towers and weren’t feeling too confident because of the thick fog, but we struck gold finding a single Rufous-bellied Seedsnipe feeding on the ground just as we all got out of the van. I was really happy to see it so easily without having to walk around for a long time in the awful weather. After that, we started finding birds that we hadn’t gotten yesterday in Antisana, like Tawny Antpitta, Paramo Tapaculo, Blue-mantled Thornbill, Many-striped Canastero, Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle, Andean Tit-spinetail, White-chinned Thistletail, and the uncommon Red-rumped Bush-Tyarant . Later we worked our way down to a patch of Polylepis , finding some specialties like Giant Conebill, Black-backed Bush-Tanager, and White-throated Tyrannulet. We also birded the road behind the hot springs for Andean Pygmy-Owl, Viridian Metaltail , and Red-crested . After lunch we spent some time at the Guango feeders, watching Long-tailed Sylph, Chestnut-breasted Coronet, White- bellied Woodstar, Speckled Hummingbird, Collared Inca, Tourmaline Sunangel , and Mountain Velvetbreast . Rain set in, making the trail birding a bit tough, but we decided to do it anyway. A small feeding flock gave us Cinnamon Flycatcher, Rufous-breasted Chat- Tyrant, Black-capped Hemispingus, and Hooded Mountain-Tanager, and there was a pair of White-capped Dippers by the bridge. The rain didn’t want to stop so we decided to head down to Cabañas San Isidro, and just passing the Police Station before Baeza town we spotted a Torrent Duck standing up nicely on the rock along the river. It was pretty late when we arrived to San Isidro, where we spent two nights.

4 March. Since we started birding right by the lodge, we didn’t need an early breakfast. The light near the parking lot attracts insects all night, and in the morning lots of birds come in to eat them. We saw Montane and Olive-backed Woodcreepers, Rufous-crowned Tody- Flycatcher, Pale-legged Flycatcher, Black-crested, Canada, Blackburnian, and Russet-crowned Warblers, Green Jay, Subtropical Cacique, Masked Trogon, Black-billed Peppershrike , and had especially great views of Streaked Tuftedcheeck and Barred Becard . After this great show, we went looking for White- bellied Antpitta , and thanks to help from one of the lodge workers, we were able to see one nice and close, just behind the dining room. A mid-morning walk along the road toward the Yanayacu Research Station gave us some wonderful tanagers like Saffron-crowned, Beryl-spangled, Black capped, Flame-faced, Golden- naped, and Blue winged Mountain, as well as a Yellow-vented Woodpecker. After lunch we stopped by the hummingbird feeders, where Bronzy Inca commonly visited. For the rest of the afternoon, we walked one of the trails, especially searching for Andean Cock-of-the-rock, which fortunately we did see, plus Golden-headed Quetzal and Emerald Toucanet . In the evening, just before dinner, we got wonderful views of a Rufous-bellied flying and catching moths above the light pole. After dinner we got the odd "San Isidro Mystery Owl" , that comes almost every night to hunt insects by the light; no one knows yet for sure what species it is.

5 March. After a little birding around the lodge, we headed up to the Guacamayos ridge. Unfortunately, we got really heavy rain which made it difficult birding. We still gave it a go, seeing Green-and-black Fruiteater, Grass-green Tanager, Dusky Piha, White-throated Quail-Dove, Turquoise Jay, Handsome Flycatcher, Sepia-brown Wren , and Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager . Later in the afternoon we drove down to Gareno Lodge with a few stops on the way. Just past Tena and the Napo River bridge, in some secondary forest, we got Orange- backed Troupial , and one of the Moriche palms had Sulphury Flycatcher, White- eared , Yellow-tufted Woodpecker, and Olive-faced Flatbill. The palmcreeper didn’t cooperate, but other stops got us Cream-colored and Lineated Woodpeckers , plus a Gilded Barbet feeding on Cecropia fruit. After a long drive on a dirt road, we got to Gareno Lodge where we stayed two nights.

6 March. We had a full day to bird at Gareno Lodge, which is hilly Amazonian rainforest. The territory is owned by the Huaorani indigenous tribe, and Gareno means piranha in their native language. We started birding on their best trail that goes up and down to where a pair of Harpy Eagles nested a few years ago. The harpies weren't there for us, but we still saw a lot of birds. We began with one of the most beautiful understory species, Yellow-browed Antbird not far from the cabins, soon followed by White Hawk, Broad-billed Motmot, and White-tailed Trogon . Farther down the trail we met up with Golden-headed and Blue- crowned Manakins , and a calling Black-throated Trogon that came in to my playback. Fortunately the morning was nice and cool, which made for easier birding. A handsome Rusty-belted Tapaculo came to check us out, and a Purplish Jacamar , usually a canopy bird, was feeding surprisingly low. Around noon we finally hit a great mixed feeding flock; birds were everywhere from the understory to the canopy and we saw Dusky-throated and Mouse-colored Antshrikes, White-flanked, Rufous- tailed, and Ornate Antwrens, Tawny- faced Gnatwren, Green-and-gold Tanager, Scaly-breasted Woodpecker, Sooty Antbird, and Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner . On the way back we got the uncommon and cute Ash- throated Gnateater as well as the secretive and not-so-cute Dwarf Tyrant-Manakin on a song perch. We were sure to stop and look at possibly the most famous bird of Gareno, a Rufous Potoo . The local Gareno guide knew exactly where it was roosting.

7 March. After packing our bags we did a half morning of birding along the road from the lodge towards the Huaorani community. The star was the fantastic Fiery Topaz, a bird that I had been hoping to see for a very long time. There were also Long-billed and Buff-throated Woodcreepers, Ivory-billed and Many-banded Aracaris, great views of the Spangled Cotinga , a bunch of White-fronted Nunbirds that came screaming in after playback, and a very cooperative Thrush-like Wren that sat in the open for a while. On the way towards Tena, we had a run on , scoring Great, Brown, and Yellow-billed Jacamars . It was a pretty long drive to WildSumaco via the Loreto road, but we did stop a couple times to stretch our legs. The first stop brought us Olive-chested Flycatcher and some Cliff Flycatcher nesting in some roadcuts, and our next stop gave us some cool species too, like Red-headed Barbet, Spotted Tanager, Lemon-browed Flycatcher , a female Andean Cock-of-the-rock, and such an amazing view of a Lined Antshrike. Most of the Loreto Road has been paved now, making it a faster trip. We arrived at the nice, new WildSumaco Lodge before dusk.

8 March. We were all excited to be at this new and already famous lodge. I birded here years ago before the lodge existed; without doubt this is one of the premier places to visit in northeastern foothills of Ecuador with huge diversity of birds and everything else. After breakfast we spent a few minutes birding near the lodge, seeing Blackish Antbird, Dusky and Dark-breasted Spinetails, White-eyed Parakeet, Chestnut-fronted Macaw, and a scarce Scaled Pigeon . We made our way to one of the several forest trails in the reserve. Jonas Nilsson, one of the owners of WildSuamco, accompanied us and helped find some of the great birds we saw, which included the threatened and near-endemic Coppery-chested Jacamar, Northern White-crowned Tapaculo, Black-billed Treehunter, Chestnut-capped Brush-Finch, the handsome and melodic Spotted Nightingale-Thrush, White-crowned Manakin , and the shy and skulking Chestnut-crowned Gnateater . After lunch we headed down from the lodge, just about a mile where they have good hummingbird feeders. The feeders are most active from 17h00 to 18h00, which gave us time to look for other birds like White-backed Fire-Eye, Swallow Tanager, Yellow-breasted Antwren, Long-tailed Tyrant, Marbled-faced Bristle-Tyrant and the shy Wing-banded Wren . Returning to the feeders, we saw Napo Sabrewing (easier to see here than anywhere else) , Ecuadorian Piedtail, Gould’s Jewelfront, Gray-chinned and Green Hermits, Fork-tailed Woodnymph, Violet- headed and Many-spotted Hummingbirds, Black-throated and Violet-fronted Brilliants, Booted Racket-tail, and Wire-crested Thorntail , which was a new record for the feeders. At dusk we tried for some nightbirds, and luckily we got a Band-bellied Owl , just below the Residence area, that came in and sat very low for a while. A great way to finish a wonderful day!

9 March. This morning we went down the Piha Trail. The trail is steep but well built with stairs. Just on the beginning of the trail we spotted the rare Buckley’s Forest-Falcon , and farther down we got a nice mixed feeding flock with Montane Foliage-gleaner , Strong-billed Woodcreeper, the rare and secretive Gray-tailed Piha , Blue-necked and Orange-eared Tanagers, Golden-collared Honeycreeper, and Bronze-green Euphonia . Gray-throated Leaftosser responded well, and we also found Foothill Antwren , a pair of Crimson-bellied Woodpeckers, and a Barred Forest-Falcon. In the afternoon we had some easier birding along the Pacto Sumaco Road. This walk was quite productive, there were Golden-winged and Blue-rumped Manakins feeding in one tree, and another nice fruiting Cecropia tree attracted the beautiful and difficult to find Fiery-throated Fruiteater. Other birds we saw on this walk were Chestnut-tipped Toucanet, Rufous-winged Antwren, White-winged Becard, Blue-naped Chlorophonia , and perched Scaly-naped Amazons . The most unusual sighting was Yellow-billed Nunbird , new for the WildSumaco Lodge.

10 March. This would be mostly a travel day, but we had time for some birding in the morning near the lodge. The rain made us bird from the balcony, but we still were lucky to see some fantastic birds, Blue-browed and Scarlet Tanagers, Black-mandibled Toucan, and Golden-collared Toucanet . When the rain stopped, we did roadside birding just below the lodge, where a flock brought Purple Honeycreeper, Streaked Xenops, Olivaceous Greenlet, Golden, Bay headed, and Paradise Tanagers, Cerulean Warbler, Slaty-capped Flycatcher; some of these birds were mobbing a Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl. We drove down to Coca and met up with the Sacha Lodge people. After a rest and a lunch, we took the motorized canoe down the Napo River for two and half hours, seeing some common birds along the way. You have to walk down a long boadwalk to get to the lodge, and along here we saw Black- fronted Nunbird, Greater Ani, Purplish Jacamar, White-tailed Trogon , and a quick view of Point-tailed Palmcreeper on the Moriche palm. A cool welcome cocktail and a little snack were waiting as we arrive at the lodge. It was a reason to celebrate, staying in such a wonderful lodge surrounded by Amazonian life.

11 March. Being in the Amazon is always great, you can always expect to see a lot of things, not just birds but mammals, insects, , and others. Fortunately we got the very skilled Pablo Hualinga, as our local Sacha bird guide. Today we went to the Parrot clay licks, but we first had some time for birding along the boardwalk, finding Citron-bellied Attila , Black-banded Woodcreeper, Chestnut Woodpecker, and White-shouldered Antbird . We motored down the Napo to the clay licks, which are located in one of the biggest national parks in Ecuador, Yasuní NP. The first lick near the river attracts hundreds of parrots of at least four different species. They come to eat the clay in the morning; they need it as a defense against the poison fruit that they eat in the forest. Here we saw (photo above) Yellow- crowned, Mealy, and Blue-headed Parrots, as well as Dusky-headed Parakeets. We got back on the boat and cruised to the next spot. Along the river we saw Drab Water-Tyrant, Pied Plover and even a roosting Ladder-tailed . We started along the paved trail to the second lick, stopping to see a pair of roosting Crested Owls that Pablo knew about, before arriving at the shelter. It took about an hour, but the finally they started coming down one by one. Amid the huge numbers of Cobalt-winged Parakeets, we saw some Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlets (photo left) and Orange-cheeked Parrots. Some Scarlet Macaws were up in the trees, and we saw them well even though they didn't come down. When the frenzy died down, we did some birding along an abandoned trail which was very productive, the shy Green Manakin came in after my playback, followed by Warbling and Black-faced Antbirds, Black-tailed Flycatcher, and Ornate Antwren . We headed back to Sacha in the afternoon, and had some easy canoe birding along the Anaconda creek. It brought us the last Jacamar from the list that we were expecting, White-chinned Jacamar, a Black-crowned Night- Heron, a dozing Rufescent Tiger-Heron , the swamp specialties Silvered and Plumbeous Antbirds , two Kingfisher in a row, American Pygmy and Green-and-rufous , Coraya Wren, Cinnamon Attila, Rufous-tailed Flatbill and a smart Slender-billed Kite feeding quite close to us. It was so friendly that I was able to digiscope it right from the canoe! But we weren't done yet - possibly the best bird of the day came in the form of our friend the Zigzag Heron which came very close to the boat. They can be really hard sometimes and we were lucky to see it.

12 March. It’s our second day in the Amazon, and we visited the wooden tower, where the steps and platform were made around a huge kapok tree. Early morning on the top gave us a lot of good birds, Masked, Turquoise, Paradise, Opal-crowned, and Opal-rumped Tanagers, Gilded Barbet, Purple-throated Cotinga, Green and Purple Honeycreepers, Moriche Oriole, Many-banded Aracari, and Black-tailed Tityra , all of them feeding on one fruiting strangler fig tree. The tower also provided some great eye-level views of White-lored and Rufous-bellied Euphonias, White-necked Puffbird, Yellow-browed Tody-Flycatcher, Bat Falcon, Red Howler Monkey (photo right), and Pablo also spotted the smallest cotinga that we have in the Amazon, the tiny White-browed Purpletuft , flycatching from a bare branch. A handsome Blue-crowned Trogon was singing away and sat nicely for us, and the Lanceolated Monklet that came in below us was a sweet bonus. A short walk from the tower on a trail brought Black-faced Anthrush and the pretty Dot-backed Antbird, which is another swamp specialty. On the way back along the Orquideas creek we saw a Boat-billed Heron and Orange- crested Manakin . In the afternoon we did a shorter walk on one of the trails behind the lodge. This wasn’t bad at all, with Wire-tailed Manakin and Chestnut-belted Gnateater, but the huge surprise of the day was the mega-rare Crested Eagle!

13 March. It’s our last full day birding, so we headed up to the star attraction of Sacha Lodge, the metal canopy walkway, which is thirty minutes walking from the lodge. Along the way, we saw a Black- tailed Leaftosser . It's always nice to be on the top of the trees, and it gives you more chances to see the canopy species. Some of the birds we saw this morning were White-throated and Channel-billed Toucans, Black-headed Parrot (photo right), a couple of nice King Vultures perched in the distance that we were able to scope, Dusky- chested Flycatcher, Bare-necked Fruitcrow, Pink-throated Becard, Spangled Cotinga, Red- stained Woodpecker , a very responsive Black- bellied Cuckoo , Pied Puffbird and even an Amazonian Umbrellabird , which I though was a bonus bird. Of course we saw other usual species as well from the walkway, like the Many-banded Aracari peched on the support cable in the photo below. Anyway, we had a wonderful time up there. Late in the morning we went back to the lodge, but on the way we spotted a few more birds like Musician Wren, Spix’s Guan, Cinereous and Plain-winged Antshrikes, Gray Antwren, and Cinnamon-rumped and Buff-throated Foliage-Gleaners . After lunch we went back to the Napo and visited a river island. The water level made it hard going, but we were lucky with a few species like Castelnau’s Antshrike, Undulated Tinamou, Little Woodpecker and a flying Blue-and- yellow Macaw . Returning the dock by the Napo River, we saw Orange-fronted Plushcrown on the nest that was kind of cool, plus a Short-crested Flycatcher . It was a nice afternoon with a few new birds for the list.

14 March. This was our last morning birding, as we were going back to Coca and then on to Quito, so we wanted to pick up some of the birds that we were missing. We headed back along the boardwalk towards Napo River, finding both Great and Common , in spots that Pablo knew they were roosting. Just before leaving, we saw Scarlet-crowned Barbet and Chestnut-eared Aracari feeding on one of the fruiting Cecropia trees. Apart for some common river birds, that was the end of the trip as we flew back to Quito in the afternoon and the tour ended next morning. My little summary is that even with some rain and missing a bit of birding time, we still saw lots of birds and many really great sightings. I wish that I could show you more, but that always happens, you always want to see more. In my experience it has been a very successful trip, and when you miss a few, it is always reason to go back. I would like to say to all of you, I hope to see you again in the future. Ahaaaaa! I almost forgot to mention the 10 favorite/most wanted seen by the participants, in no particular order: Sword-billed Hummingbird, Lanceolated Monklet, Rufous Potoo, Hoatzin, Rufous-bellied Seedsnipe, Andean Cock-of-the Rock, Fiery Topaz, Crested Owl, Castelnau’s Antshrike, and Blue-headed Parrot.

Bird List The and nomenclature of this list follow the 2007 Clements checklist including all current updates by Cornell University.

This list includes all the bird species that were recorded by at least one of the participants as well as the tour leader. Species marked with H were heard only.

487 bird species were seen, and 73 were heard only.

TINAMOUS TINAMIDAE H Great Tinamou Tinamus major H Cinereous Tinamou Crypturellus cinereus H Little Tinamou Crypturellus soui Undulated Tinamou Crypturellus undulatus H Variegated Tinamou Crypturellus variegatus DUCKS, GEESE, AND SWANS ANATIDAE Torrent Duck Merganetta armata Yellow-billed Pintail Anas georgica Speckled (Andean) Teal Anas flavirostris andium (Andean) Ruddy Duck Oxyura jamaicensis andina GUANS, CHACHALACAS, CURASSOWS CRACIDAE Speckled Chachalaca Ortalis guttata Andean Guan Penelope montagnii Spix's Guan Penelope jacquacu H Wattled Guan Aburria aburri H Sickle-winged Guan Chamaepetes goudotii NEW WORLD QUAIL ODONTOPHORIDAE H Marbled Wood-Quail Odontophorus gujanensis H Rufous-breasted Wood-Quail Odontophorus speciosus GREBES PODICIPEDIDAE Silvery Grebe Podiceps occipitalis CORMORANTS AND SHAGS PHALACROCORACIDAE Neotropic Cormorant Phalacrocorax brasilianus HERONS, EGRETS, AND BITTERNS ARDEIDAE Cocoi Heron Ardea cocoi Great Egret Ardea alba Snowy Egret Egretta thula Cattle Egret Bubulcus ibis Striated Heron Butorides striata Black-crowned Night-Heron Nycticorax nycticorax Boat-billed Heron Cochlearius cochlearius Rufescent Tiger-Heron Tigrisoma lineatum Zigzag Heron Zebrilus undulatus IBIS AND SPOONBILLS THRESKIORNITHIDAE Black-faced Ibis Theristicus melanopis Black Vulture Coragyps atratus Turkey Vulture Cathartes aura Greater Yellow-headed Vulture Cathartes melambrotus Andean Condor Vultur gryphus King Vulture Sarcoramphus papa OSPREY PANDIONIDAE Osprey Pandion haliaetus HAWKS EAGLES AND KITES ACCIPITRIDAE Gray-headed Kite Leptodon cayanensis Swallow-tailed Kite Elanoides forficatus Slender-billed Kite Helicolestes hamatus Double-toothed Kite Harpagus bidentatus Plumbeous Kite Ictinia plumbea Sharp-shinned (Plain-breasted) Hawk Accipiter striatus ventralis Slate-colored Hawk Leucopternis schistaceus White Hawk Leucopternis albicollis Black-chested Buzzard-Eagle Geranoaetus melanoleucus Roadside Hawk Buteo magnirostris Broad-winged Hawk Buteo platypterus White-rumped Hawk Buteo leucorrhous Variable Hawk Buteo polyosoma Crested Eagle Morphnus guianensis H Black Hawk-Eagle Spizaetus tyrannus FALCONS AND CARACARAS FALCONIDAE Black Caracara Daptrius ater Red-throated Caracara Ibycter americanus Carunculated Caracara Phalcoboenus carunculatus Barred Forest-Falcon Micrastur ruficollis Buckley's Forest-Falcon Micrastur buckleyi American Kestrel Falco sparverius Bat Falcon Falco rufigularis RAILS, GALLINULES, AND COOTS RALLIDAE H Chestnut-headed Crake Anurolimnas castaneiceps Gray-necked Wood-Rail Aramides cajanea Slate-colored (Andean) Coot Fulica ardesiaca LIMPKIN ARAMIDAE Limpkin Aramus guarauna PLOVERS AND LAPWINGS CHARADRIIDAE Pied Lapwing (Pied Plover) Vanellus cayanus Southern Lapwing Vanellus chilensis Andean Lapwing Vanellus resplendens SANDPIPERS SCOLOPACIDAE Spotted Sandpiper Actitis macularius Greater Yellowlegs Tringa melanoleuca SEEDSNIPES THINOCORIDAE Rufous-bellied Seedsnipe Attagis gayi GULLS LARINAE Andean Gull Chroicocephalus serranus PIGEONS AND DOVES COLUMBIDAE Rock Pigeon Columba livia Scaled Pigeon Patagioenas speciosa Band-tailed Pigeon Patagioenas fasciata Pale-vented Pigeon Patagioenas cayennensis Plumbeous Pigeon Patagioenas plumbea Eared Dove Zenaida auriculata Ruddy Ground-Dove Columbina talpacoti H Blue Ground-Dove Claravis pretiosa Black-winged Ground-Dove Metriopelia melanoptera Gray-fronted Dove Leptotila rufaxilla H Sapphire Quail-Dove Geotrygon saphirina White-throated Quail-Dove Geotrygon frenata PARROTS PSITTACIDAE Maroon-tailed Parakeet Pyrrhura melanura White-eyed Parakeet Aratinga leucophthalma Dusky-headed Parakeet Aratinga weddellii Chestnut-fronted Macaw Ara severus Scarlet Macaw Ara macao Blue-and-yellow Macaw Ara ararauna Barred Parakeet Bolborhynchus lineola Cobalt-winged Parakeet Brotogeris cyanoptera Scarlet-shouldered Parrotlet Touit huetii Black-headed Parrot Pionites melanocephalus Orange-cheeked Parrot Pyrilia barrabandi Blue-headed Parrot Pionus menstruus Red-billed Parrot Pionus sordidus Speckle-faced (White-capped) Parrot Pionus tumultuosus seniloides Orange-winged Parrot (Amazon) Amazona amazonica Scaly-naped Parrot (Amazon) Amazona mercenaria Mealy Parrot (Amazon) Amazona farinosa Yellow-crowned Parrot (Amazon) Amazona ochrocephala HOATZIN OPISTHOCOMIDAE Hoatzin Opisthocomus hoazin CUCKOOS CUCULIDAE H Little Cuckoo Coccycua minuta Squirrel Cuckoo Piaya cayana Black-bellied Cuckoo Piaya melanogaster Greater Ani Crotophaga major Smooth-billed Ani Crotophaga ani OWLS STRIGIDAE H Tropical Screech-Owl Megascops choliba H Rufescent Screech-Owl Megascops (i.) ingens Tawny-bellied Screech-Owl Megascops watsonii Crested Owl Lophostrix cristata H Spectacled Owl Pulsatrix perspicillata Band-bellied Owl Pulsatrix melanota Andean Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium jardinii Ferruginous Pygmy-Owl Glaucidium brasilianum H Mottled Owl Ciccaba virgata "San Isidro" Owl Ciccaba sp. H Rufous-banded Owl Ciccaba albitarsis CAPRIMULGIDAE Rufous-bellied Nighthawk Lurocalis rufiventris Pauraque Nyctidromus albicollis Ladder-tailed Nightjar Hydropsalis climacocerca POTOOS NYCTIBIIDAE Great Potoo Nyctibius grandis Common Potoo Nyctibius griseus Rufous Potoo Nyctibius bracteatus SWIFTS APODIDAE Chestnut-collared Swift Streptoprocne rutila White-collared Swift Streptoprocne zonaris Short-tailed Swift Chaetura brachyura Gray-rumped Swift Chaetura cinereiventris Fork-tailed Palm-Swift Tachornis squamata HUMMINGBIRDS TROCHILIDAE Rufous-breasted Hermit Glaucis hirsutus White-bearded Hermit Phaethornis hispidus Green Hermit Phaethornis guy Tawny-bellied Hermit Phaethornis syrmatophorus Straight-billed Hermit Phaethornis bourcieri Great-billed Hermit Phaethornis malaris Gray-chinned Hermit Phaethornis griseogularis Green-fronted Lancebill Doryfera ludovicae Napo Sabrewing Campylopterus villaviscensio White-necked Jacobin Florisuga mellivora Green Violetear Colibri thalassinus Sparkling Violetear Colibri coruscans Fiery Topaz Topaza pyra Violet-headed Hummingbird Klais guimeti Wire-crested Thorntail Discosura popelairii Fork-tailed Woodnymph Thalurania furcata Golden-tailed Sapphire Chrysuronia oenone Many-spotted Hummingbird Taphrospilus hypostictus Speckled Hummingbird Adelomyia melanogenys Ecuadorian Piedtail Phlogophilus hemileucurus Black-throated Brilliant Heliodoxa schreibersii Gould's Jewelfront Heliodoxa aurescens Fawn-breasted Brilliant Heliodoxa rubinoides Violet-fronted Brilliant Heliodoxa leadbeateri Buff-tailed Coronet Boissonneaua flavescens Chestnut-breasted Coronet Boissonneaua matthewsii Shining Sunbeam Aglaeactis cupripennis Chimborazo (Ecuadorian) Hillstar Oreotrochilus chimborazo Mountain Velvetbreast Lafresnaya lafresnayi Bronzy Inca Coeligena coeligena Collared Inca Coeligena torquata Sword-billed Hummingbird Ensifera ensifera Giant Hummingbird Patagona gigas Tourmaline Sunangel Heliangelus exortis Booted Racket-tail Ocreatus underwoodii Black-tailed Trainbearer Lesbia victoriae Tyrian Metaltail Metallura tyrianthina Viridian Metaltail Metallura williami Blue-mantled Thornbill Chalcostigma stanleyi Long-tailed Sylph Aglaiocercus kingi White-bellied Woodstar Chaetocercus mulsant TROGONS TROGONIDAE (Amazonian) White-tailed Trogon Trogon viridis viridis Blue-crowned Trogon Trogon curucui (Amazonian) Violaceous Trogon Trogon violaceus crissalis Masked Trogon Trogon personatus Black-throated Trogon Trogon rufus H Black-tailed Trogon Trogon melanurus eumorphus Golden-headed Quetzal Pharomachrus auriceps Crested Quetzal Pharomachrus antisianus MOTMOTS MOMOTIDAE Blue-crowned Motmot Momotus momota microstephanus Blue-crowned (Highland) Motmot Momotus momota aequatorialis H Rufous Motmot Baryphthengus martii Broad-billed Motmot Electron platyrhynchum KINGFISHERS ALCEDINIDAE Ringed Kingfisher Megaceryle torquatus Amazon Kingfisher Chloroceryle amazona Green-and-rufous Kingfisher Chloroceryle inda American Pygmy Kingfisher Chloroceryle aenea PUFFBIRDS BUCCONIDAE White-necked Puffbird Notharchus hyperrynchus Pied Puffbird Notharchus tectus H White-chested Puffbird Malacoptila fusca Lanceolated Monklet Micromonacha lanceolata Black-fronted Nunbird Monasa nigrifrons White-fronted Nunbird Monasa morphoeus Yellow-billed Nunbird Monasa flavirostris Swallow-wing (Swallow-winged Puffbird) Chelidoptera tenebrosa JACAMARS GALBULIDAE White-eared Jacamar Galbalcyrhynchus leucotis Brown Jacamar Brachygalba lugubris Yellow-billed Jacamar albirostris White-chinned Jacamar Galbula tombacea Coppery-chested Jacamar Galbula pastazae Purplish Jacamar Galbula chalcothorax Great Jacamar Jacamerops aureus NEW WORLD BARBETS CAPITONIDAE Scarlet-crowned Barbet Capito aurovirens Gilded Barbet Capito auratus H Lemon-throated Barbet Eubucco richardsoni Red-headed Barbet Eubucco bourcierii TOUCANS RAMPHASTIDAE Emerald Toucanet Aulacorhynchus prasinus Chestnut-tipped Toucanet Aulacorhynchus derbianus Ivory-billed Aracari Pteroglossus azara Chestnut-eared Aracari Pteroglossus castanotis Many-banded Aracari Pteroglossus pluricinctus Golden-collared Toucanet Selenidera reinwardtii Black-mandibled Toucan Ramphastos ambiguus White-throated Toucan Ramphastos tucanus Channel-billed Toucan Ramphastos vitellinus WOODPECKERS PICIDAE H Lafresnaye's Piculet Picumnus lafresnayi Yellow-tufted Woodpecker Melanerpes cruentatus Yellow-vented Woodpecker Veniliornis dignus Bar-bellied Woodpecker Veniliornis nigriceps Little Woodpecker Veniliornis passerinus Red-stained Woodpecker Veniliornis affinis H Golden-olive Woodpecker Colaptes rubiginosus Spot-breasted Woodpecker Colaptes punctigula Scaly-breasted Woodpecker Celeus grammicus Chestnut Woodpecker Celeus elegans Cream-colored Woodpecker Celeus flavus Lineated Woodpecker Dryocopus lineatus Crimson-crested Woodpecker Campephilus melanoleucos OVENBIRDS FURNARIIDAE Black-tailed Leaftosser Sclerurus caudacutus Gray-throated Leaftosser Sclerurus albigularis Stout-billed Cinclodes Cinclodes excelsior Bar-winged Cinclodes Cinclodes fuscus Andean Tit-Spinetail Leptasthenura andicola White-chinned Thistletail Schizoeaca fuliginosa H Azara's Spinetail Synallaxis azarae Dark-breasted Spinetail Synallaxis albigularis Rufous Spinetail Synallaxis unirufa Dusky Spinetail Synallaxis moesta H White-browed Spinetail Hellmayrea gularis Ash-browed Spinetail Cranioleuca curtata Streak-backed Canastero Asthenes wyatti Many-striped Canastero Asthenes flammulata Orange-fronted Plushcrown Metopothrix aurantiaca Rusty-winged Barbtail Premnornis guttuligera Spotted Barbtail Premnoplex brunnescens Pearled Treerunner Margarornis squamiger Streaked Tuftedcheek Pseudocolaptes boissonneautii Point-tailed Palmcreeper Berlepschia rikeri Montane Foliage-gleaner Anabacerthia striaticollis H Lineated Foliage-gleaner Syndactyla subalaris Cinnamon-rumped Foliage-gleaner Philydor pyrrhodes Black-billed Treehunter Thripadectes melanorhynchus Buff-throated Foliage-gleaner Automolus ochrolaemus Olive-backed Foliage-gleaner Automolus infuscatus Streaked Xenops Xenops rutilans WOODCREEPERS FURNARIIDAE/DENDROCOLAPTINAE Plain-brown Woodcreeper Dendrocincla fuliginosa Wedge-billed Woodcreeper Glyphorynchus spirurus Long-billed Woodcreeper Nasica longirostris Strong-billed Woodcreeper Xiphocolaptes promeropirhynchus Amazonian Barred-Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes certhia Black-banded Woodcreeper Dendrocolaptes picumnus Striped Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus obsoletus Buff-throated Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus guttatus guttatoides Olive-backed Woodcreeper Xiphorhynchus triangularis Montane Woodcreeper Lepidocolaptes lacrymiger TYPICAL ANTBIRDS THAMNOPHILIDAE H Fasciated Antshrike Cymbilaimus lineatus Lined Antshrike Thamnophilus tenuepunctatus Plain-winged Antshrike Thamnophilus schistaceus Mouse-colored Antshrike Thamnophilus murinus Castelnau's Antshrike Thamnophilus cryptoleucus Plain Antvireo Dysithamnus mentalis Dusky-throated Antshrike Thamnomanes ardesiacus Cinereous Antshrike Thamnomanes caesius Foothill Antwren Epinecrophylla spodionota Ornate Antwren Epinecrophylla ornata Rufous-tailed Antwren Epinecrophylla erythrura Moustached (Short-billed) Antwren Myrmotherula (obscura) ignota Plain-throated Antwren Myrmotherula hauxwelli White-flanked Antwren Myrmotherula axillaris Gray Antwren Myrmotherula menetriesii H Dugand's Antwren Herpsilochmus dugandi Yellow-breasted Antwren Herpsilochmus axillaris Rufous-winged Antwren Herpsilochmus rufimarginatus H Long-tailed Antbird Drymophila caudata H Gray Antbird Cercomacra cinerascens Blackish Antbird (foothills) Cercomacra nigrescens aequatorialis H Black Antbird Cercomacra serva White-backed Fire-eye Pyriglena leuconota Black-faced Antbird Myrmoborus myotherinus Peruvian Warbling-Antbird Hypocnemis (cantator) peruviana Yellow-browed Antbird Hypocnemis hypoxantha Silvered Antbird Sclateria naevia Spot-winged Antbird Schistocichla leucostigma White-shouldered Antbird Myrmeciza melanoceps Plumbeous Antbird Myrmeciza hyperythra Sooty Antbird Myrmeciza fortis H Bicolored Antbird Gymnopithys leucaspis H Hairy-crested Antbird Rhegmatorhina melanosticta H Spot-backed Antbird Hylophylax naevius Dot-backed Antbird Hylophylax punctulatus Scale-backed Antbird Willisornis poecilinotus H Black-spotted Bare-eye Phlegopsis nigromaculata H Reddish-winged Bare-eye Phlegopsis erythroptera ANTTHRUSHES FORMICARIIDAE H Rufous-capped Antthrush Formicarius colma Black-faced Antthrush Formicarius analis Short-tailed Antthrush Chamaeza campanisona H Striated Antthrush Chamaeza nobilis ANTPITTAS GRALLARIIDAE H Moustached Antpitta Grallaria alleni H Plain-backed Antpitta Grallaria haplonota Chestnut-crowned Antpitta Grallaria ruficapilla White-bellied Antpitta Grallaria hypoleuca H Rufous Antpitta Grallaria rufula Tawny Antpitta Grallaria quitensis H Thrush-like Antpitta Myrmothera campanisona H Slate-crowned Antpitta Grallaricula nana GNATEATERS CONOPOPHAGIDAE Chestnut-belted Gnateater Conopophaga aurita Ash-throated Gnateater Conopophaga peruviana Chestnut-crowned Gnateater Conopophaga castaneiceps TAPACULOS RHINOCRYPTIDAE Rusty-belted Tapaculo Liosceles thoracicus H Ash-colored Tapaculo Myornis senilis H Blackish (Unicolored) Tapaculo Scytalopus (unicolor) latrans H Long-tailed (Eq. Rufous-vented) Tapaculo Scytalopus micropterus (Northern) White-crowned Tapaculo Scytalopus atratus H Spillman's Tapaculo Scytalopus spillmanni Paramo Tapaculo Scytalopus canus TYRANT FLYCATCHERS TYRANNIDAE White-banded Tyrannulet Mecocerculus stictopterus White-throated Tyrannulet Mecocerculus leucophrys Tufted Tit-Tyrant Anairetes parulus White-crested Elaenia Elaenia albiceps Torrent Tyrannulet Serpophaga cinerea Olive-striped Flycatcher Mionectes olivaceus Slaty-capped Flycatcher Leptopogon superciliaris Rufous-breasted Flycatcher Leptopogon rufipectus Marble-faced Bristle-Tyrant Pogonotriccus ophthalmicus H Ecuadorian Tyrannulet Phylloscartes gualaquizae Rough-legged (White-fronted) Tyrannulet Phyllomyias burmeisteri leucogonys Tawny-rumped Tyrannulet Phyllomyias uropygialis Slender-footed Tyrannulet Zimmerius gracilipes Golden-faced Tyrannulet Zimmerius chrysops chrysops Ornate Flycatcher Myiotriccus ornatus H Rufous-headed Pygmy-Tyrant Pseudotriccus ruficeps H Short-tailed Pygmy-Tyrant Myiornis ecaudatus Scale-crested Pygmy-Tyrant Lophotriccus pileatus H Buff-throated Tody-Tyrant Hemitriccus rufigularis Rufous-crowned Tody-Flycatcher Poecilotriccus ruficeps H Common Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum cinereum Yellow-browed Tody-Flycatcher Todirostrum chrysocrotaphum Yellow-margined Flycatcher (Zimmer's Flatbill) Tolmomyias assimilis obscuriceps Yellow-breasted Flycatcher (Olive-faced Flatbill) Tolmomyias flaviventris Cliff Flycatcher Hirundinea ferruginea Cinnamon Flycatcher Pyrrhomyias cinnamomea Black-tailed Flycatcher Myiobius atricaudus Flavescent Flycatcher Myiophobus flavicans Handsome Flycatcher Myiophobus pulcher Olive-chested Flycatcher Myiophobus cryptoxanthus Olive-sided Flycatcher Contopus cooperi Smoke-colored Pewee Contopus fumigatus Western Wood-Pewee Contopus sordidulus Eastern Wood-Pewee Contopus virens Black Phoebe Sayornis nigricans Drab Water-Tyrant Ochthornis littoralis Plain-capped (Páramo) Ground-Tyrant Muscisaxicola alpinus Red-rumped Bush-Tyrant Cnemarchus erythropygius H Slaty-backed Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca cinnamomeiventris Rufous-breasted Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca rufipectoralis Brown-backed Chat-Tyrant Ochthoeca fumicolor Long-tailed Tyrant Colonia colonus Rufous-tailed Flatbill Ramphotrigon ruficauda Cinnamon Attila Attila cinnamomeus Citron-bellied Attila Attila citriniventris H Bright-rumped Attila Attila spadiceus Dusky-capped Flycatcher Myiarchus tuberculifer Short-crested Flycatcher Myiarchus ferox Pale-edged Flycatcher Myiarchus cephalotes Lesser Kiskadee Pitangus lictor Great Kiskadee Pitangus sulphuratus Boat-billed Flycatcher Megarynchus pitangua Social Flycatcher Myiozetetes similis Gray-capped Flycatcher Myiozetetes granadensis Dusky-chested Flycatcher Myiozetetes luteiventris Lemon-browed Flycatcher Conopias cinchoneti Golden-crowned Flycatcher Myiodynastes chrysocephalus Sulphur-bellied Flycatcher Myiodynastes luteiventris Piratic Flycatcher Legatus leucophaius Crowned Slaty-Flycatcher Empidonomus aurantioatrocristatus Sulphury Flycatcher Tyrannopsis sulphurea Tropical Kingbird Tyrannus melancholicus Eastern Kingbird Tyrannus tyrannus Fork-tailed Flycatcher Tyrannus savana COTINGIDAE Red-crested Cotinga Ampelion rubrocristatus Green-and-black Fruiteater Pipreola riefferii H Black-chested Fruiteater Pipreola lubomirskii Fiery-throated Fruiteater Pipreola chlorolepidota Andean Cock-of-the-rock Rupicola peruvianus Spangled Cotinga Cotinga cayana Dusky Piha fuscocinereus Screaming Piha Lipaugus vociferans Gray-tailed Piha Snowornis subalaris Purple-throated Cotinga Porphyrolaema porphyrolaema Bare-necked Fruitcrow Gymnoderus foetidus Purple-throated Fruitcrow Querula purpurata Amazonian Umbrellabird Cephalopterus ornatus MANAKINS PIPRIDAE Dwarf Tyrant-Manakin Tyranneutes stolzmanni Golden-winged Manakin Masius chrysopterus Blue-crowned Manakin Lepidothrix coronata Blue-rumped Manakin Lepidothrix isidorei H White-bearded Manakin Manacus manacus H Blue-backed Manakin Chiroxiphia pareola Green Manakin Xenopipo holochlora holochlora Orange-crowned (Orange-crested) Manakin Heterocercus aurantiivertex White-crowned Manakin Pipra pipra Wire-tailed Manakin Pipra filicauda Golden-headed Manakin Pipra erythrocephala H Wing-barred Piprites Piprites chloris TITYRAS AND ALLIES TITYRIDAE Black-tailed Tityra Tityra cayana Masked Tityra Tityra semifasciata H Cinereous Mourner Laniocera hypopyrra White-browed Purpletuft Iodopleura isabellae Barred Becard Pachyramphus versicolor White-winged Becard (east) Pachyramphus polychopterus nigriventris Black-capped Becard Pachyramphus marginatus Pink-throated Becard Pachyramphus minor VIREOS VIREONIDAE Brown-capped Vireo Vireo leucophrys Red-eyed Vireo Vireo olivaceus Yellow-green Vireo Vireo flavoviridis H Rufous-naped Greenlet Hylophilus semibrunneus Olivaceous Greenlet Hylophilus olivaceus Tawny-crowned Greenlet Hylophilus ochraceiceps H Slaty-capped Shrike-Vireo Vireolanius leucotis Black-billed Peppershrike Cyclarhis nigrirostris CROWS JAYS AND MAGPIES CORVIDAE Green (Inca) Jay Cyanocorax yncas yncas Violaceous Jay Cyanocorax violaceus Turquoise Jay Cyanolyca turcosa SWALLOWS HIRUNDINIDAE Blue-and-white Swallow Pygochelidon cyanoleuca Brown-bellied Swallow Orochelidon murina White-thighed Swallow Atticora tibialis White-banded Swallow Atticora fasciata Southern Rough-winged Swallow Stelgidopteryx ruficollis Gray-breasted Martin Progne chalybea White-winged Swallow Tachycineta albiventer Barn Swallow Hirundo rustica WRENS TROGLODYTIDAE Thrush-like Wren Campylorhynchus turdinus Sharpe's (Sepia-brown) Wren Cinnycerthia olivascens H Plain-tailed Wren Thryothorus euophrys Coraya Wren Thryothorus coraya House Wren Troglodytes aedon Mountain Wren Troglodytes solstitialis Sedge (Grass) Wren Cistothorus platensis aequatorialis H White-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucosticta Gray-breasted Wood-Wren Henicorhina leucophrys H Scaly-breasted (Southern Nightingale) Wren Microcerculus marginatus Wing-banded Wren Microcerculus bambla Musician Wren Cyphorhinus arada DIPPERS CINCLIDAE White-capped Dipper Cinclus leucocephalus DONACOBIUS DONACOBIIDAE Black-capped Donacobius Donacobius atricapilla GNATCATCHERS POLIOPTILIDAE Tawny-faced Gnatwren Microbates cinereiventris THRUSHES AND ALLIES TURDIDAE Andean Solitaire Myadestes ralloides Spotted Nightingale-Thrush Catharus dryas Swainson's Thrush Catharus ustulatus Pale-eyed Thrush Turdus leucops H Hauxwell's Thrush Turdus hauxwelli H Lawrence's Thrush Turdus lawrencii Black-billed Thrush Turdus ignobilis Great Thrush Turdus fuscater Glossy-black Thrush Turdus serranus White-necked Thrush Turdus albicollis WAGTAILS AND PIPITS MOTACILLIDAE Paramo Pipit Anthus bogotensis NEW WORLD WARBLERS PARULIDAE Tropical Parula Parula pitiayumi Blackburnian Warbler Dendroica fusca Blackpoll Warbler Dendroica striata Cerulean Warbler Dendroica cerulea Black-and-white Warbler Mniotilta varia American Redstart Setophaga ruticilla Canada Warbler Wilsonia canadensis Slate-throated Redstart Myioborus miniatus Spectacled Redstart Myioborus melanocephalus Black-crested Warbler Basileuterus nigrocristatus Russet-crowned Warbler Basileuterus coronatus H Three-striped Warbler Basileuterus tristriatus BANANAQUIT COEREBIDAE Bananaquit Coereba flaveola TANAGERS AND ALLIES THRAUPIDAE Magpie Tanager Cissopis leverianus H White-capped Tanager Sericossypha albocristata Superciliaried Hemispingus Hemispingus superciliaris Black-eared Hemispingus Hemispingus melanotis melanotis Gray-hooded Bush-Tanager Cnemoscopus rubrirostris Cinereous Conebill Conirostrum cinereum Giant Conebill Oreomanes fraseri Black-backed Bush-Tanager Urothraupis stolzmanni Common Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus ophthalmicus Short-billed (Yellow-whiskered) Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus parvirostris Yellow-throated Bush-Tanager Chlorospingus flavigularis H Gray-headed Tanager Eucometis penicillata Fulvous Shrike-Tanager Lanio fulvus Flame-crested Tanager Tachyphonus cristatus Summer Tanager Piranga rubra Scarlet Tanager Piranga olivacea Silver-beaked Tanager Ramphocelus carbo Blue-gray Tanager Thraupis episcopus Palm Tanager Thraupis palmarum Blue-and-yellow Tanager Thraupis bonariensis Hooded Mountain-Tanager Buthraupis montana Lacrimose Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus lacrymosus Scarlet-bellied Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus igniventris Blue-winged Mountain-Tanager Anisognathus somptuosus Grass-green Tanager Chlorornis riefferii Orange-eared Tanager Chlorochrysa calliparaea Turquoise Tanager Tangara mexicana Paradise Tanager Tangara chilensis Green-and-gold Tanager Tangara schrankii Golden Tanager Tangara arthus Saffron-crowned Tanager Tangara xanthocephala Flame-faced Tanager Tangara parzudakii Spotted Tanager Tangara punctata Bay-headed Tanager Tangara gyrola Golden-naped Tanager Tangara ruficervix Blue-browed Tanager Tangara cyanotis Blue-necked Tanager Tangara cyanicollis Masked Tanager Tangara nigrocincta Beryl-spangled Tanager Tangara nigroviridis Blue-and-black Tanager Tangara vassorii Black-capped Tanager Tangara heinei Opal-rumped Tanager Tangara velia Opal-crowned Tanager Tangara callophrys Black-faced Dacnis Dacnis lineata lineata Blue Dacnis Dacnis cayana Green Honeycreeper Chlorophanes spiza Purple Honeycreeper Cyanerpes caeruleus Golden-collared Honeycreeper Iridophanes pulcherrimus Swallow-Tanager Tersina viridis SPARROWS AND SEEDEATERS EMBERIZIDAE Plumbeous Sierra-Finch Phrygilus unicolor Chestnut-bellied Seedeater Sporophila castaneiventris Chestnut-bellied (Lesser) Seed-Finch Oryzoborus (a.) angolensis Plain-colored Seedeater Catamenia inornata Black Flowerpiercer Diglossa humeralis Bluish Flowerpiercer Diglossa caerulescens Masked Flowerpiercer Diglossa cyaneus Red-capped Cardinal Paroaria gularis Pale-naped Brush-Finch Atlapetes pallidinucha Yellow-breasted (Rufous-naped) Brush-Finch Atlapetes latinuchus Slaty Brush-Finch Atlapetes schistaceus Chestnut-capped Brush-Finch Arremon brunneinucha Yellow-browed Sparrow Ammodramus aurifrons Rufous-collared Sparrow Zonotrichia capensis SALTATORS AND CARDINALS CARDINALIDAE Grayish Saltator Saltator coerulescens Buff-throated Saltator Saltator maximus H Slate-colored Grosbeak Saltator grossus Golden-bellied (Southern Yellow) Grosbeak Pheucticus chrysogaster TROUPIALS AND ALLIES ICTERIDAE Oriole Blackbird Gymnomystax mexicanus Shiny Cowbird Molothrus bonariensis Epaulet (Moriche) Oriole Icterus cayanensis chrysocephalus Orange-backed Troupial Icterus croconotus H (Northern) Mountain Cacique Cacicus chrysonotus leucoramphus Red-rumped Cacique Cacicus haemorrhous Scarlet-rumped (Subtropical) Cacique Cacicus uropygialis uropygialis Yellow-rumped Cacique Cacicus cela Russet-backed Oropendola Psarocolius angustifrons Crested Oropendola Psarocolius decumanus Casqued Oropendola Clypicterus oseryi SISKINS AND ALLIES FRINGILLIDAE White-lored Euphonia Euphonia chrysopasta Bronze-green Euphonia Euphonia mesochrysa Orange-bellied Euphonia Euphonia xanthogaster Rufous-bellied Euphonia Euphonia rufiventris Blue-naped Chlorophonia Chlorophonia cyanea Hooded Siskin Carduelis magellanica Olivaceous Siskin Carduelis olivacea

MAMMALS Black Agouti Dasyprocta fuliginosa White-tailed Deer Odocoileus virginianus Andean or Paramo Fox Pseudaloex vetulus Southern Amazon red Squirrel Sciurus spadiceus Amazon Dwarf Squirrel Microsciurus flaviventer Red Howler Monkey Alouatta seniculus Common Squirrel Monkey Saimiri sciureus