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Battir Village Profile Battir Village Profile Prepared by The Applied Research Institute – Jerusalem Funded by Spanish Cooperation Azahar Program 2010 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Acknowledgments ARIJ hereby expresses its deep gratitude to the Spanish agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID) for their funding of this project through the Azahar Program. ARIJ is grateful to the Palestinian officials in the ministries, municipalities, joint services councils, village committees and councils, and the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS) for their assistance and cooperation with the project team members during the data collection process. ARIJ also thanks all the staff who worked throughout the past couple of years towards the accomplishment of this work. 1 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Background This booklet is part of a series of booklets, which contain compiled information about each city, town, and village in Bethlehem Governorate. These booklets came as a result of a comprehensive study of all localities in Bethlehem Governorate, which aims at depicting the overall living conditions in the governorate and presenting developmental plans to assist in developing the livelihood of the population in the area. It was accomplished through the "Village Profiles and Azahar Needs Assessment;" the project funded by the Spanish Agency for International Cooperation for Development (AECID) and the Azahar Program. The "Village Profiles and Azahar Needs Assessment" was designed to study, investigate, analyze and document the socio-economic conditions and the needed programs and activities to mitigate the impact of the current unsecure political, economic and social conditions in Bethlehem Governorate with particular focus on the Azahar program objectives and activities concerning water, environment, and agriculture. The project's objectives are to survey, analyze, and document the available natural, human, socioeconomic and environmental resources, and the existing limitations and needs assessment for the development of the rural and marginalized areas in Bethlehem Governorate. In addition, the project aims at preparing strategic developmental programs and activities to mitigate the impact of the current political, social, and economic instability with the focus on the agricultural sector. All locality profiles in Arabic and English are available online at http://proxy.arij.org/vprofile 2 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Table of Content Location and Physical Characteristics __________________ 4 History ___________________________________________ 5 Religious and Archaeological Sites_____________________ 6 Population ________________________________________ 7 Education _________________________________________ 7 Health Status ______________________________________ 8 Economic Activities _________________________________ 8 Agricultural Sector ________________________________ 10 Institutions and Services ____________________________ 12 Infrastructure and Natural Resources _________________ 13 Impact of the Israeli Occupation______________________ 19 Development Plans and Projects______________________ 20 Locality Development Priorities and Needs _____________ 22 Proposed Projects__________________________________ 22 References _______________________________________ 23 3 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Battir Village Profile Location and Physical Characteristics Battir is a Palestinian village in Bethlehem Governorate located 6.4km (horizontal distance) north-west of Bethlehem City. Battir is bordered by Beit Jala town and Al Walaja village to the east, Husan village to the west, Husan and Al Khader to the south, and the 1949 Armistice Line (the Green Line) to the north (See map 1). Map 1: Battir location and borders Battir is located at an altitude of 761m above sea level with mean annual rainfall of 653mm. The average annual temperature is 16o C, and the average annual humidity is about 61 percent (ARIJ GIS, 2009). Since 1980, Battir has been governed by a village council which is currently administrated by nine members appointed by the Palestinian Authority. There are also 4 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate 7 employees working in the council. The village council owns a permanent headquarters, and a vehicle to collect solid waste. It is the responsibility of the village council to provide the listed services to the residents of Battir, including: 1. Infrastructure services such as water and electricity 2. Solid waste collection, road construction and restoration, street cleaning, and social development services. History The name Battir originates from the Phoenician word “Batara”, which means sever and slash as it does in Arabic. Other narratives refer the name to Beit At tair (the house of a bird). Battir village dates back to the Roman and Canaanite eras, and the residents originate from Iraq and Yemen. Photos of Battir 5 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Religious and Archaeological Sites In terms of religious establishments, there are four mosques in Battir: Sayed Ash Shuhada' (Hamza) Mosque, Fatima Az Zahra' Mosque, Az Zawiya Mosque, and Ein Jame’ Mosque. As for the archaeological sites in the village there are two sites: Ein Al Balad and Ein Jame’, and a Romanian bathtub (See map 2). Map 2: Main locations in Battir village 6 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate Population According to the Palestinian Central Bureau of Statistics (PCBS), the total population of Battir in 2007 was 3,967; of whom 1,992 are males and 1,975 are females. There are 798 households living in 981 housing units. Age Groups and Gender The General Census of Population and Housing carried out by PCBS in 2007 showed the distribution of age groups in Battir is as follows: 35.2 percent are less than 15 years, 59.8 percent are between 15 - 64 years, and 4.4 percent are 65 years and older. Data also showed that the sex ratio of males to females in the village is 100.9:100, meaning that males constitute 50.2 percent of the population, and females constitute 49.8 percent of the population. Families The inhabitants of Battir village are composed of several families, mainly: ‘Uweina, Batma. Batha, Kttoush, Mashni, Abu ‘Ebeid Allah, Abu Ni’ma, and Mu’ammar. Education According to the results of the PCBS Population, Housing and Establishment Census- 2007, the Percentage of illiteracy among Battir population is about 3.9 percent, of whom 88.5 percent are females. Of the literate population, 10.2 percent can read and write, 20.5 percent had elementary education, 31.7 percent had preparatory education, 19.5 percent had secondary education, and 18.1 percent completed higher education. Table 1, shows the educational level in the village of Battir, by sex, and educational attainment in 2007. Table 1: Battir population (10 years and above) by sex and educational attainment S Can Associate Higher E Illiterate read & Elementary Preparatory Secondary Bachelor Master PhD Total Diploma Diploma x write M 13 149 291 466 283 99 127 1 11 6 1446 F 100 134 278 413 255 98 147 7 4 1 1437 T 113 283 659 879 538 197 274 8 15 7 2883 Source: PCBS, 2009. Population, Housing and Establishment Census-2007, Final Results In regards to the basic and secondary education institutions and schools in Battir in the academic year 2008/2009, there are three public schools in the village, two for boys (an elementary and secondary school) and one secondary school for girls, in addition to one elementary school for girls run by the United Nations Relief and Works Agency for Palestinian Refugees (UNRWA). See Table 2. 7 Palestinian Localities Study Bethlehem Governorate In the village there are 885 students, 47 teachers, and 35 classes (Directorate of Education in Bethlehem, 2009). It should be noted here that the average number of students per teacher in the school is nearly 19, while the average number of students per class is approximately 25. Table 2: The Schools in Battir by name, stage, sex, and supervising authority School Name Supervising Authority Sex Hasan Mustafa Boys High School Governmental Male Battir Boys High School Battir Girls High School Governmental Female Battir Girls Elementary School UNRWA Source: Directorate of Education in Bethlehem, 2009 Furthermore, there are three kindergartens in Battir; Battir Charitable Society Kindergarten run by a charitable society in Battir, which has 70 children, Ash Shurooq Kindergarten which is privately run and has 60 children, and Al Manar Kindergarten, which is also privately run and has 25 children (Battir Village Council, 2009). Health Status Battir has some health facilities; a physician’s clinic run jointly by the government and Health Work Committees, three private dental clinics, and one pharmacy. In emergency cases, residents of Battir use Bethlehem hospitals and health centers, such as: Al Hussein Hospital, about 10km from the village, and Rehabilitation Arab Society in Beit Jala, about 6km from the village. The health sector in Battir faces several obstacles: 1- The absence of a permanent health center in Battir. 2- The long distance between Battir and Bethlehem city, and the suffering of patients in case of the existence of Israeli checkpoints. Economic Activities The economy in Battir is dependent mainly on the Israeli labor market, which absorbs 65 percent of the village workforce (See Figure1). The results of a field survey for the distribution of labor by economic activity in Battir are the following: 8 Palestinian
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