Eutherians Experienced Elevated Evolutionary Rates in the Immediate
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Mammalian Faunal Succession in the Cretaceous of the Kyzylkum Desert
Journal of Mammalian Evolution, Vol. 12, Nos. 1/2,C 2005)June 2005 ( DOI: 10.1007/s10914-005-4867-3 A number of typographical errors were introduced during copyediting. All that were found were corrected in this version. Mammalian Faunal Succession in the Cretaceous of the Kyzylkum Desert J. David Archibald1,3 and Alexander O. Averian2 ov Both metatherians and eutherians are known from the Early Cretaceous (Barremian, 125 mya; million years ago) of China, while eutherian-dominated mammalian faunas appeared in Asia at least by the earliest Late Cretaceous (Cenomanian, 95 mya). The approximately 99–93 my old (Cenomanian) Sheikhdzheili l.f. from western Uzbekistan is a small sample of only eutherians, including three zhelestids and a possible zalambdalestoid. The much better-known 90 my old (Turonian) Bissekty l.f. at Dzharakuduk iin central Uzbekistan includes 15 named and un- named species, based on ongoing analyses. Of these, 12 are eutherians represented by at least the three groups—asioryctitheres, zalambdalestids, and zhelestids—plus an eutherian of uncertain position—Paranyctoides. Zalambdalestids and zhelestids have been argued to be related to the origin of the placental gliriforms (Euarchontoglires) and ferungulates (Laurasiatheria), respec- tively. Although there are four previously recognized metatherians, we believe three are referable to the deltatheroid Sulestes karakshi and the fourth, Sailestes quadrans, may belong to Paranyc- toides. There is one multituberculate and one symmetrodont in the Bissekty l.f. While comparably aged (Turonian) localities in North America have somewhat similar non-therians, they have more metatherians and no eutherians. The next younger localities (early Campanian, ∼80 mya) in North America have both a zhelestid and Paranyctoides, suggesting dispersal of eutherians from Asia. -
Craniodental Anatomy of a New Late Cretaceous Multituberculate Mammal from Udan Sayr, Mongolia
University of Louisville ThinkIR: The University of Louisville's Institutional Repository Electronic Theses and Dissertations 8-2014 Craniodental anatomy of a new late cretaceous multituberculate mammal from Udan Sayr, Mongolia. Amir Subhash Sheth University of Louisville Follow this and additional works at: https://ir.library.louisville.edu/etd Part of the Anatomy Commons, and the Medical Neurobiology Commons Recommended Citation Sheth, Amir Subhash, "Craniodental anatomy of a new late cretaceous multituberculate mammal from Udan Sayr, Mongolia." (2014). Electronic Theses and Dissertations. Paper 1317. https://doi.org/10.18297/etd/1317 This Master's Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by ThinkIR: The nivU ersity of Louisville's Institutional Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Electronic Theses and Dissertations by an authorized administrator of ThinkIR: The nivU ersity of Louisville's Institutional Repository. This title appears here courtesy of the author, who has retained all other copyrights. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CRANIODENTAL ANATOMY OF A NEW LATE CRETACEOUS MULTITUBERCULATE MAMMAL FROM UDAN SAYR, MONGOLIA By Amir Subhash Sheth B.A., Centre College, 2010 A Thesis Submitted to the Faculty of the School of Medicine of the University of Louisville in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Science Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology University of Louisville Louisville, Kentucky August 2014 CRANIODENTAL ANATOMY OF A NEW LATE CRETACEOUS MULTITUBERCULATE MAMMAL FROM UDAN SAYR, MONGOLIA By Amir Subhash Sheth B.A., Centre College, 2010 A Thesis Approved on July 18th, 2014 By the Following Thesis Committee: ________________________________ (Guillermo W. -
Mammals from the Mesozoic of Mongolia
Mammals from the Mesozoic of Mongolia Introduction and Simpson (1926) dcscrihed these as placental (eutherian) insectivores. 'l'he deltathcroids originally Mongolia produces one of the world's most extraordi- included with the insectivores, more recently have narily preserved assemblages of hlesozoic ma~nmals. t)een assigned to the Metatheria (Kielan-Jaworowska Unlike fossils at most Mesozoic sites, Inany of these and Nesov, 1990). For ahout 40 years these were the remains are skulls, and in some cases these are asso- only Mesozoic ~nanimalsknown from Mongolia. ciated with postcranial skeletons. Ry contrast, 'I'he next discoveries in Mongolia were made by the Mesozoic mammals at well-known sites in North Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions America and other continents have produced less (1963-1971) initially led by Naydin Dovchin, then by complete material, usually incomplete jaws with den- Rinchen Barsbold on the Mongolian side, and Zofia titions, or isolated teeth. In addition to the rich Kielan-Jaworowska on the Polish side, Kazi~nierz samples of skulls and skeletons representing Late Koualski led the expedition in 1964. Late Cretaceous Cretaceous mam~nals,certain localities in Mongolia ma~nmalswere collected in three Gohi Desert regions: are also known for less well preserved, but important, Bayan Zag (Djadokhta Formation), Nenlegt and remains of Early Cretaceous mammals. The mammals Khulsan in the Nemegt Valley (Baruungoyot from hoth Early and Late Cretaceous intervals have Formation), and llcrmiin 'ISav, south-\vest of the increased our understanding of diversification and Neniegt Valley, in the Red beds of Hermiin 'rsav, morphologic variation in archaic mammals. which have heen regarded as a stratigraphic ecluivalent Potentially this new information has hearing on the of the Baruungoyot Formation (Gradzinslti r't crl., phylogenetic relationships among major branches of 1977). -
New Data on the Skull and Dentition in the Mongolian Late Cretaceous Eutherian Mammal Zalambdalestes
NEW DATA ON THE SKULL AND DENTITION IN THE MONGOLIAN LATE CRETACEOUS EUTHERIAN MAMMAL ZALAMBDALESTES JOHN R. WIBLE Section of Mammals, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 5800 Baum Boulevard, Pittsburgh, PA 15206 e-mail: [email protected] MICHAEL J. NOVACEK Division of Paleontology, American Museum of Natural History e-mail: [email protected] GUILLERMO W. ROUGIER Department of Anatomical Sciences and Neurobiology, School of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40292 e-mail: [email protected] BULLETIN OF THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, NY 10024 Number 281, 144 pp., 58 ®gures, 3 tables Issued January 9, 2004 Copyright q American Museum of Natural History 2004 ISSN 0003-0090 2 BULLETIN AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY NO. 281 CONTENTS Abstract ....................................................................... 3 Introduction .................................................................... 3 Materials and Methods .......................................................... 5 History of Investigations ......................................................... 7 Comparative Morphology ....................................................... 17 Dentition ................................................................... 17 Upper Incisors ............................................................ 18 Upper Canine ............................................................. 21 Upper Premolars .......................................................... 22 Upper -
Digitalcommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln
University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences of 2005 New Stratigraphic Subdivision, Depositional Environment, and Age Estimate for the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation, Southern Ulan Nur Basin, Mongolia Demberelyin Dashzeveg Geological Institute of the Mongolian Academy of Sciences, [email protected] Lowell Dingus American Museum of Natural History, [email protected] David B. Loope University of Nebraska, Lincoln, [email protected] Carl C. Swisher III Rutgers University Togtokh Dulam Mongolian Geological Survey See next page for additional authors Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub Part of the Earth Sciences Commons Dashzeveg, Demberelyin; Dingus, Lowell; Loope, David B.; Swisher, Carl C. III; Dulam, Togtokh; and Sweeney, Mark R., "New Stratigraphic Subdivision, Depositional Environment, and Age Estimate for the Upper Cretaceous Djadokhta Formation, Southern Ulan Nur Basin, Mongolia" (2005). Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences. 209. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/geosciencefacpub/209 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences, Department of at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Papers in the Earth and Atmospheric Sciences by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. Authors Demberelyin Dashzeveg, Lowell Dingus, -
AMERICAN MUSEUM Novitates PUBLISHED by the AMERICAN MUSEUM of NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST at 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y
AMERICAN MUSEUM Novitates PUBLISHED BY THE AMERICAN MUSEUM OF NATURAL HISTORY CENTRAL PARK WEST AT 79TH STREET, NEW YORK, N.Y. 10024 Number 2780, pp. 1-17, figs. 1-8, table 1 February 8, 1984 Prosarcodon lonanensis, a New Paleocene Micropternodontid Palaeoryctoid Insectivore from Asia MALCOLM C. MCKENNA,1 XUE XIANGXU,2 AND ZHOU MINGZHEN3 ABSTRACT A new genus and species of primitive microp- currence of the micropternodontids prior to their temodontid soricomorph insectivores, Prosarco- apparent restriction to North America. The pe- don lonanensis, is described from the Paleocene trosal bone of Prosarcodon is similar to that of Fangou Formation, Shaanxi Province, People's Palaeoryctes puercensis from the North American Republic of China. Prosarcodon lonanensis sheds Paleocene. Prosarcodon and Sarcodon were both new light on the origin of the mammalian family specialized in the loss ofa molar, unlike the youn- Micropternodontidae, linking them to the Palaeo- ger genus Sinosinopa from Inner Mongolia (Nei ryctoidea and demonstrating an early Asian oc- Mongol), PRC. INTRODUCTION Among collections of Chinese Paleogene ious anagalids from the Chinese Paleogene, mammalian fossils there are 17 species of the earliest previous records ofChinese fossil insectivores (sensu lato) from various strati- insectivores are Sarcodon from the upper Pa- graphic levels at more than a dozen major leocene or lower Eocene of North China and localities. Most of them are erinaceids from the MPR and Hyracolestes from the upper the Oligocene. Thus far, Cretaceous insecti- Paleocene or lower Eocene of the MPR and vores and insectivore-like animals such as the upper Paleocene ofAnhui Province, PRC. Prokennalestes, Kennalestes, Asioryctes, Za- The affinities of most of the early non-eri- lambdalestes, Barunlestes, Deltatheridium, naceoid insectivores of Asia have been dis- Deltatheroides, and Hyotheridium have not puted in one way or another. -
An Extended Range of Multituberculate Kryptobaatar and Distribution of Mammals in the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert
An extended range of the multituberculate Kryptobaatar and distribution of mammals in the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert ZOFIA KIELAN−JAWOROWSKA, JØRN H. HURUM, and DEMCHIG BADAMGARAV Kielan−Jaworowska, Z., Hurum, J. H., and Badamgarav, D. 2003. An extended range of multituberculate Kryptobaatar and distribution of mammals in the Upper Cretaceous of the Gobi Desert. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 48 (2) 273–278. The Late Cretaceous multituberculate mammal Kryptobaatar dashzevegi Kielan−Jaworowska, 1970 is the most common mammalian taxon in the Upper Cretaceous (?lower Campanian) rocks of the Djadokhta Formation at Bayan Zag1 (= Bayn Dzak) and Tögrög (= Toogreek), and in the beds of Ukhaa Tolgod in the Gobi Desert. Kryptobaatar is also common in the Bayan Mandahu Formation (equivalent of the Djadokhta Formation), Inner Mongolia, China, represented there by K. mandahuensis. Kryptobaatar has not been reported as yet from the younger (?upper Campanian) Baruungoyot Formation nor from its stratigraphic equivalents, the red beds of Hermiin Tsav (= Khermeen Tsav). In this paper we report the dis− covery of an incomplete skull of Kryptobaatar dashzevegi at Hermiin Tsav I. It is the second mammal species common to the Djadokhta and Baruungoyot Formations (the first being Deltatheridium pretrituberculare). We provide a corrected list of mammals found in the Late Cretaceous localities of the Gobi Desert, and we argue (albeit inconclusively), that mammal evidence shows that the Ukhaa Tolgod beds might be closer in time of deposition to the Djadokhta Formation than to that of the Baruungoyot Formation. Key words: Mammalia, Multituberculata, Kryptobaatar, Deltatheroida, Cretaceous, stratigraphy, Gobi Desert. Zofia Kielan−Jaworowska [[email protected]], Instytut Paleobiologii PAN, ul. -
New Protoceratopsid Specimens Improve the Age Correlation of the Upper Cretaceous Gobi Desert Strata
New protoceratopsid specimens improve the age correlation of the Upper Cretaceous Gobi Desert strata ŁUKASZ CZEPIŃSKI Czepiński, Ł. 2020. New protoceratopsid specimens improve the age correlation of the Upper Cretaceous Gobi Desert strata. Acta Palaeontologica Polonica 65 (X): xxx–xxx. New protoceratopsid (Dinosauria: Ceratopsia) specimens from two Late Cretaceous Mongolian localities with prob- lematic stratigraphy are described. A specimen of Protoceratops andrewsi from the Zamyn Khond locality enables its correlation with other sites of the Djadokhta Formation. P. andrewsi is also abundant in the Üüden Sair locality, variously assigned to the Djadokhta or Baruungoyot formations. However, one new specimen from that site exhibits a fused nasal horn and a sharp buccal crest of the dentary. With these apomorphic features, it resembles Bagaceratops rozhdestven- skyi, known from the Baruungoyot and Bayan Mandahu formations. It may be an evidence for: sympatric evolution of B. roz hdestvenskyi and P. andrewsi; a dispersal of Bagaceratops to Üüden Sair; hybridization between the two parapatric taxa; or the anagenetic evolutionary transition from P. andrewsi to Bagaceratops. The anagenetic explanation appears to be most strongly supported by given data. This new record advocates for the age of the sediments from the Üüden Sair locality being intermediate between the Djadokhta and Baruungoyot formations. The observed changes in the frequency of the apomorphic features within protoceratopsid samples from various Late Cretaceous sites of the Gobi Desert poten- tially enable their correlations and chronological ordering. Key words: Dinosauria, Ceratopsia, Protoceratopsidae, biostratigraphy, gradual evolution, anagenesis, Mesozoic, Mongolia. Łukasz Czepiński [[email protected], ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8621-3888], Department of Palaeo- biology and Evolution, Faculty of Biology, Biological and Chemical Research Centre, University of Warsaw, Żwirki i Wigury 101, 02-089 Warszawa, Poland. -
Evolution of Dental Replacement in Mammals
EVOLUTION OF DENTAL REPLACEMENT IN MAMMALS ZHE-XI LUO Section of Vertebrate Paleontology, Carnegie Museum of Natural History, 4400 Forbes Avenue, Pittsburgh, PA 15213 ZOFIA KIELAN-JAWOROWSKA Instytut Paleobiologii PAN, ul. Twarda 51/55 PL-00-818 Warszawa, Poland RICHARD L. CIFELLI Oklahoma Museum of Natural History, 2401 Chautauqua, Norman, OK 73072 ABSTRACT We provide a review of dental replacement features in stem stem clades of crown mammals including multituberculates and clades of mammals and an hypothetical outline for the evolution eutriconodonts have an antero-posterior sequential and diphy- of replacement frequency, mode, and sequence in early mam- odont replacement of premolars. By contrast, stem taxa of the malian evolution. The origin of mammals is characterized by a trechnotherian clade (Zhangheotherium, Dryolestes, and Slaugh- shift from a primitive pattern of multiple, alternating replace- teria) are characterized by an alternating (p2 → p4 → p3) and ments of all postcanines in most cynodonts to a derived pattern diphyodont replacement, a condition that is shared by basal eu- of single, sequential replacement of postcanines. The stem mam- therians. The sequential replacements of premolars in most extant mal Sinoconodon, however, retained some primitive replacement placentals (either antero-posteriorly p2 → p3 → p4 as in ungu- features of cynodonts. The clade of Morganucodon 1 crown lates and carnivores, or postero-anteriorly p4 → p3 → p2 as in mammals is characterized by the typical mammalian diphyodont some insectivores) would represent secondarily derived condi- replacement in which antemolars are replaced by one generation tions within eutherians. The single replacement of P3/p3 of meta- in antero-posterior sequence, but molars are not replaced. -
CRANIODENTAL ANATOMY of a NEW LATE CRETACEOUS MULTITUBERCULATE MAMMAL from UDAN SAYR, MONGOLIA -.: Palaeontologia Polonica
CRANIODENTAL ANATOMY OF A NEW LATE CRETACEOUS MULTITUBERCULATE MAMMAL FROM UDAN SAYR, MONGOLIA GUILLERMO W. ROUGIER, AMIR S. SHETH,, BARTON K. SPURLIN, MINJIN BOLORTSETSEG, and MICHAEL J. NOVACEK Rougier, G.W., Sheth, A.S., Spurlin, B.K., Bolortsetseg, M., and Novacek M.J. 2016. Cra- nio dental anatomy of a new Late Cretaceous multituberculate mammal from Udan Sayr, Mongolia. Palaeontologia Polonica 67, 197–248. The multituberculate Mangasbaatar udanii gen. et sp. n., represented by two specimens from Udan Sayr locality in the Gobi desert (Mongolia), is a derived member of a speciose group of Late Cretaceous Mongolian multituberculates (LCMM), clustering together with large-size forms such as Catopsbaatar, Tombaatar, and Djadochtatherium, forming a monophyletic group. Tombaatar sabuli is the sister taxon and shares with the new form the dental formula, overall dental morphology, and approximate size. The new multituberculate has a very large middle ear cavity, housing a petrosal and promontorium that are deeply sunk into the brain- case. The expansion of the middle ear cavity seems to be absent among basal LCMM, only developing among members of Djadochtatherioidea, and to an extreme degree in the Udan Sayr multituberculate and Tombaatar. Among living mammals, enlarged middle ear cavities confer enhanced low frequency audition and are often found in fossorial species, such as golden moles, and several groups of rodents adapted to open, arid environments. Burrowing is a possible behavior for the new mammal and its closest relatives with similarly expanded middle ear regions and an arid environment has been proposed for the sediments where most LCMM are found. The new taxon further demonstrates the morphological, and possibly ecological, diversity among multituberculates. -
The University of Michigan
CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN VOL. 31, NO. 5, PP. 119-154 July 30, 2004 SYSTEMATICS AND PHYLOGENY OF LATE PALEOCENE AND EARLY EOCENE PALAEORYCTINAE (MAMMALIA, INSECTIVORA) FROM THE CLARKS FORK AND BIGHORN BASINS, WYOMING BY JONATHAN I. BLOCH, ROSS SECORD, AND PHILIP D. GINGERICH MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY THE UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN ANN ARBOR CONTRIBUTIONS FROM THE MUSEUM OF PALEONTOLOGY Philip D. Gingerich, Director This series of contributions from the Museum of Paleontology is a medium for publication of papers based chiefly on collections in the Museum. When the number of pages issued is sufficient to make a volume, a title page plus a table of contents will be sent to libraries on the Museum’s mailing list. This will be sent to individuals on request. A list of the separate issues may also be obtained by request. Correspondence should be directed to the Publications Secretary, Museum of Paleontology, The University of Michigan, 1109 Geddes Road, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-1079 ([email protected]). VOLS. 1-31: Parts of volumes may be obtained if available. Price lists are available upon inquiry. See also: www.paleontology.lsa.umich.edu/Publications/publicationIntro.html Text and illustrations ©2004 by the Museum of Paleontology, University of Michigan SYSTEMATICS AND PHYLOGENY OF LATE PALEOCENE AND EARLY EOCENE PALAEORYCTINAE (MAMMALIA, INSECTIVORA) FROM THE CLARKS FORK AND BIGHORN BASINS, WYOMING BY JONATHAN I. BLOCH1, 2, ROSS SECORD1, 3, AND PHILIP D. GINGERICH1 Abstract– New specimens of Palaeoryctes punctatus from the middle Clarkforkian of the Clarks Fork Basin include a left dentary preserving the crowns of I1-C1, P3, and M1-2, with alveoli for P2, P4, and M3. -
Preliminary Data on the Upper Cretaceous
ZOFIA KIELAN-JAWOROWSKA PRELIMINARY DATA ON THE UPPER CRETACEOUS EUTHERIAN MAMMALS FROM BAYN DZAK, GOBI DESERT (WST~PNE DANE 0 G6RNO-KREDOWYCH SSAKACH LOZYSKOWYCH Z BAJN DZAK NA PUSTYNI GOB!) (Plates XXII-XXVII) Ab stract, - An account is given of the remains of eutherian mammals, collected by the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontolo gical Expeditions from the Upper Cretaceous sandstone (Djadokhta Formation) of Bayn Dzak in the Gobi Desert. The monotypic genus Kennalestes nov., assigned tentatively to the superfamily Leptictoidea, uncertain family, is erected and Kennalestes gobiensis n, sp. is described and figured. Zalambdalestes GREGORY & SIMPSON, 1926 is re-diagnosed on the base of new material of Z. grangeri. The dentition of Z. grangeri and a fragmentary lower jaw identified as Zalambdalestes sp. are described and figured. The presence of two more eutherian new genera in the collection under investigation is noted. INTRODUCTION The discovery of eutherian (placental) mammals in the Cretaceous sandstone of Bayn Dzak (Shabarakh Usu), in the Gobi Desert, by the Central Asiatic Expeditions of the American Museum of Natural History in New York, in 1923 and 1925, caused a sensation in palaeonto logy. These were the first placental mammals to be recognized in beds older than the Tertiary and they seemed to confirm Professor OSBORN'S hypothesis which held Central Asia to be most probably the centre of development of placental mammals before the Tertiary. When the Cretaceous eutherian mammal skulls were found at Bayn Dzak again in 1964 and 1965, by the Polish-Mongolian Palaeontological Expeditions (see KIELAN-JAWOROWSKA & DOVCHlN, 1968), the Cretaceous eutherians were not the rarity they had been some 40 years before.