JAXA's Space Exploration Activities
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Tianwen-1: China's Mars Mission
Tianwen-1: China's Mars Mission drishtiias.com/printpdf/tianwen-1-china-s-mars-mission Why In News China will launch its first Mars Mission - Tianwen-1- in July, 2020. China's previous ‘Yinghuo-1’ Mars mission, which was supported by a Russian spacecraft, had failed after it did not leave the earth's orbit and disintegrated over the Pacific Ocean in 2012. The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) is also going to launch its own Mars mission in July, the Perseverance which aims to collect Martian samples. Key Points The Tianwen-1 Mission: It will lift off on a Long March 5 rocket, from the Wenchang launch centre. It will carry 13 payloads (seven orbiters and six rovers) that will explore the planet. It is an all-in-one orbiter, lander and rover system. Orbiter: It is a spacecraft designed to orbit a celestial body (astronomical body) without landing on its surface. Lander: It is a strong, lightweight spacecraft structure, consisting of a base and three sides "petals" in the shape of a tetrahedron (pyramid- shaped). It is a protective "shell" that houses the rover and protects it, along with the airbags, from the forces of impact. Rover: It is a planetary surface exploration device designed to move across the solid surface on a planet or other planetary mass celestial bodies. 1/3 Objectives: The mission will be the first to place a ground-penetrating radar on the Martian surface, which will be able to study local geology, as well as rock, ice, and dirt distribution. It will search the martian surface for water, investigate soil characteristics, and study the atmosphere. -
Project Horizon Report
Volume I · SUMMARY AND SUPPORTING CONSIDERATIONS UNITED STATES · ARMY CRD/I ( S) Proposal t c• Establish a Lunar Outpost (C) Chief of Ordnance ·cRD 20 Mar 1 95 9 1. (U) Reference letter to Chief of Ordnance from Chief of Research and Devel opment, subject as above. 2. (C) Subsequent t o approval by t he Chief of Staff of reference, repre sentatives of the Army Ballistic ~tissiles Agency indicat e d that supplementar y guidance would· be r equired concerning the scope of the preliminary investigation s pecified in the reference. In particular these r epresentatives requested guidance concerning the source of funds required to conduct the investigation. 3. (S) I envision expeditious development o! the proposal to establish a lunar outpost to be of critical innportance t o the p. S . Army of the future. This eva luation i s appar ently shar ed by the Chief of Staff in view of his expeditious a pproval and enthusiastic endorsement of initiation of the study. Therefore, the detail to be covered by the investigation and the subs equent plan should be as com plete a s is feas ible in the tin1e limits a llowed and within the funds currently a vailable within t he office of t he Chief of Ordnance. I n this time of limited budget , additional monies are unavailable. Current. programs have been scrutinized r igidly and identifiable "fat'' trimmed awa y. Thus high study costs are prohibitive at this time , 4. (C) I leave it to your discretion t o determine the source and the amount of money to be devoted to this purpose. -
Global Exploration Roadmap
The Global Exploration Roadmap January 2018 What is New in The Global Exploration Roadmap? This new edition of the Global Exploration robotic space exploration. Refinements in important role in sustainable human space Roadmap reaffirms the interest of 14 space this edition include: exploration. Initially, it supports human and agencies to expand human presence into the robotic lunar exploration in a manner which Solar System, with the surface of Mars as • A summary of the benefits stemming from creates opportunities for multiple sectors to a common driving goal. It reflects a coordi- space exploration. Numerous benefits will advance key goals. nated international effort to prepare for space come from this exciting endeavour. It is • The recognition of the growing private exploration missions beginning with the Inter- important that mission objectives reflect this sector interest in space exploration. national Space Station (ISS) and continuing priority when planning exploration missions. Interest from the private sector is already to the lunar vicinity, the lunar surface, then • The important role of science and knowl- transforming the future of low Earth orbit, on to Mars. The expanded group of agencies edge gain. Open interaction with the creating new opportunities as space agen- demonstrates the growing interest in space international science community helped cies look to expand human presence into exploration and the importance of coopera- identify specific scientific opportunities the Solar System. Growing capability and tion to realise individual and common goals created by the presence of humans and interest from the private sector indicate and objectives. their infrastructure as they explore the Solar a future for collaboration not only among System. -
Go for Lunar Landing Conference Report
CONFERENCE REPORT Sponsored by: REPORT OF THE GO FOR LUNAR LANDING: FROM TERMINAL DESCENT TO TOUCHDOWN CONFERENCE March 4-5, 2008 Fiesta Inn, Tempe, AZ Sponsors: Arizona State University Lunar and Planetary Institute University of Arizona Report Editors: William Gregory Wayne Ottinger Mark Robinson Harrison Schmitt Samuel J. Lawrence, Executive Editor Organizing Committee: William Gregory, Co-Chair, Honeywell International Wayne Ottinger, Co-Chair, NASA and Bell Aerosystems, retired Roberto Fufaro, University of Arizona Kip Hodges, Arizona State University Samuel J. Lawrence, Arizona State University Wendell Mendell, NASA Lyndon B. Johnson Space Center Clive Neal, University of Notre Dame Charles Oman, Massachusetts Institute of Technology James Rice, Arizona State University Mark Robinson, Arizona State University Cindy Ryan, Arizona State University Harrison H. Schmitt, NASA, retired Rick Shangraw, Arizona State University Camelia Skiba, Arizona State University Nicolé A. Staab, Arizona State University i Table of Contents EXECUTIVE SUMMARY..................................................................................................1 INTRODUCTION...............................................................................................................2 Notes...............................................................................................................................3 THE APOLLO EXPERIENCE............................................................................................4 Panelists...........................................................................................................................4 -
Initial Analysis Team Introduction
Summary and contents of the press conference Overview • Since the return of the sample in December of last year, curation activities have been conducted for the initial analysis of the sample. • Curation activities are aimed at cataloguing the sample without compromising the scientific value in order to provide information that contributes to further detailed scientific analysis. • Today’s report is that part of the catalogued sample is ready for delivery. Contents 1. Report from the curation team (T. Usui, E. Nakamura, M. Ito) 2. Report from the initial analysis teamS. TachibanaH. YurimotoT. Nakamura T. NoguchiR. OkazakiH. YabutaH. Naraoka 2021/6/17 Hayabusa2 reporter briefing 2 Report from the curation team Tomohiro USUIJAXA Eizo NAKAMURAOkayama University Motoo ITOJAMSTEC Ryugu sample curation work The initial description of the Ryugu sample was performed without removing the sample from the clean chamber, in order to avoid contamination from the global environment CC3-1 Opening the sample container under vacuum environment CC3-2 Sample collection under vacuum CC3-3 Transition from vacuum to nitrogen environment CC4-1 Handling of submillimeter-sized particles CC4-2 Handling / observation / sorting of relatively large particles (> mm) 2021/6/17 Hayabusa2 reporter briefing 4 Achievement of the world’s first sample collection and storage of asteroid samples under vacuum conditions Samples collected under vacuum on December 15, 2020 will not be distributed at this time, but continued to be stored under vacuum (CC3-2) for future -
Concept for a Crewed Lunar Lander Operating from the Lunar Orbiting Platform-Gateway
69th International Astronautical Congress (IAC), Bremen, Germany, 1-5 October 2018. Copyright © 2018 by Lockheed Martin Corporation. Published by the IAF, with permission and released to the IAF to publish in all forms. IAC-18.A5.1.4x46653 Concept for a Crewed Lunar Lander Operating from the Lunar Orbiting Platform-Gateway Timothy Cichana*, Stephen A. Baileyb, Adam Burchc, Nickolas W. Kirbyd aSpace Exploration Architect, P.O. Box 179, MS H3005, Lockheed Martin Space, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. 80201, [email protected] bPresident, 8100 Shaffer Parkway, Unit 130, Deep Space Systems, Inc., Littleton, Colorado, 80127-4124, [email protected] cDesign Engineer / Graphic Artist, 8341 Sangre de Christo Rd, Deep Space Systems, Inc., Littleton, Colorado, 80127, [email protected] dSystems Engineer, Advanced Programs, P.O. Box 179, MS H3005, Lockheed Martin Space, Denver, Colorado, U.S.A. 80201, [email protected] * Corresponding Author Abstract Lockheed Martin is working with NASA on the development of the Lunar Orbiting Platform – Gateway, or Gateway. Positioned in the vicinity of the Moon, the Gateway allows astronauts to demonstrate operations beyond Low Earth Orbit for months at a time. The Gateway is evolvable, flexible, modular, and is a precursor and mission demonstrator directly on the path to Mars. Mars Base Camp is Lockheed Martin's vision for sending humans to Mars. Operations from an orbital base camp will build on a strong foundation of today's technologies and emphasize scientific exploration as mission cornerstones. Key aspects of Mars Base Camp include utilizing liquid oxygen and hydrogen as the basis for a nascent water-based economy and the development of a reusable lander/ascent vehicle. -
Tuesday, March 2, 2010 POSTER SESSION I: MISSION PLANS and CONCEPTS 7:00 P.M
41st Lunar and Planetary Science Conference (2010) sess336.pdf Tuesday, March 2, 2010 POSTER SESSION I: MISSION PLANS AND CONCEPTS 7:00 p.m. Town Center Exhibit Area Benkhoff J. The BepiColombo Mission to Explore Mercury [#1743] BepiColombo is an ESA, JAXA interdisciplinary mission to explore the planet Mercury. Two spacecrafts, the Mercury Planetary Orbiter (MPO) and the Mercury Magnetospheric Orbiter (MMO), will be studying the planet and its environment and launched together in July 2014. Balint T. S. Kerzhanovich V. V. Hall J. L. Baines K. H. Stephens S. K. Four Aspects of a Venus Balloon Mission Concept [#1301] Our poster explores four aspects of a typical Venus balloon mission concept using information design techniques, including a typical timeline; the atmospheric entry sequence; maps of the balloon’s traverse path; and the material selection challenges. Klaus K. Cook T. S. Smith D. B. Small Body Landers for Near Earth Object Missions [#1077] We are developing a small body lander product line that leverages the significant investments that have been made in the highly successful DARPA Orbital Express program. Smith D. B. Klaus K. Caplin G. Elsperman M. S. Horsewood J. Low Cost Multiple Near Earth Object Missions [#1464] Our Commercial spacecraft are available with efficient high power solar arrays and hybrid propulsion systems (Chemical and Solar Electric) that make possible multiple Near Earth Object Missions within Discovery budget limits. Ping J. S. Qian Z. H. Hong X. Y. Zheng W. M. Fung L. W. Liu Q. H. Zhang S. J. Shang K. Jian N. C. Shi X. Wang M. -
Extending NASA™S Exploration Systems Architecture Towards Long
SpaceOps 2006 Conference AIAA 2006-5746 Extending NASA’s Exploration Systems Architecture towards Long - term Crewed Moon and Mars Operations Wilfried K. Hofstetter *, Paul D. Wooster †, Edward F. Crawley ‡ Massac husetts Institute of Technology 77 Massachusetts Avenue , Cambridge, MA, 02139 This pape r presents a baseline strategy for extending lunar crew transportation system operations as outlined in NASA’s Exploration Systems Architecture Study (ESAS) report towards longer -stay lunar surface operations and conjunction class Mars missions. The analys is of options for commonality between initial lunar sortie operations and later Moon and Mars exploration missions is essential for reducing life -cycle cost and pr oviding low - investment / high -return options for extending exploration capabilities soon afte r the 7 th human lunar landing . The analysis is also intended to inform the development of the human lunar lander and other exploration system elements by identifying enabling requirements for extension of the lunar crew tr ansportation system. The baseline strategy outlined in this paper was generated using a three -step process : the analysis of exploration objectives and scenarios, identification of functional and operational extension options , and the conceptual design of a set of preferred extension option s. Extension options include (but are not limited to) the use of the human lunar lander as outpost for extended stays, and Mars crew transportation using evolved Crew Exploration Vehicle ( CEV ) and human lander crew compartments. Although t he results presen ted in this paper are based on the ES AS elements , the conclusions drawn in this paper are generally applicable provided the same l unar transportation mode (lunar orbit rendezvous) is used . -
Securing Japan an Assessment of Japan´S Strategy for Space
Full Report Securing Japan An assessment of Japan´s strategy for space Report: Title: “ESPI Report 74 - Securing Japan - Full Report” Published: July 2020 ISSN: 2218-0931 (print) • 2076-6688 (online) Editor and publisher: European Space Policy Institute (ESPI) Schwarzenbergplatz 6 • 1030 Vienna • Austria Phone: +43 1 718 11 18 -0 E-Mail: [email protected] Website: www.espi.or.at Rights reserved - No part of this report may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or for any purpose without permission from ESPI. Citations and extracts to be published by other means are subject to mentioning “ESPI Report 74 - Securing Japan - Full Report, July 2020. All rights reserved” and sample transmission to ESPI before publishing. ESPI is not responsible for any losses, injury or damage caused to any person or property (including under contract, by negligence, product liability or otherwise) whether they may be direct or indirect, special, incidental or consequential, resulting from the information contained in this publication. Design: copylot.at Cover page picture credit: European Space Agency (ESA) TABLE OF CONTENT 1 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background and rationales ............................................................................................................. 1 1.2 Objectives of the Study ................................................................................................................... 2 1.3 Methodology -
Europa Lander
Europa Lander Europa Lander SDT Report & Mission Concept OPAG February 22, 2017, Atlanta, GA Kevin Hand, Alison Murray, Jim Garvin & Europa Lander Team Science Definition Team Co-Chairs: Alison Murray, DRI/Univ. NV Reno, Jim Garvin, GSFC; Kevin Hand, JPL • Ken Edgett, MSSS • Sarah Horst, JHU • Bethany Ehlmann, Caltech • Peter Willis, JPL • Jonathan Lunine, Cornell • Alex Hayes, Cornell • Alyssa Rhoden, ASU • Brent Christner, Univ FL • Will Brinkerhoff, GSFC • Chris German, WHOI • Alexis Templeton, CU Boulder • Aileen Yingst, PSI • Michael Russell, JPL • David Smith, MIT • Tori Hoehler, NASA Ames • Chris Paranicas, APL • Ken Nealson, USC • Britney Schmidt, GA Tech Planetary scientists, Microbiologists, Geochemists Pre-Decisional Information — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only 2 Europa Lander Mission Concept Key Parameters: • Lander would be launched as a separate mission. • Target launch: 2024-2025 on SLS rocket. • Battery powered mission: 20+ day surface lifetime. • Spacecraft provides 42.5 kg allocation for science payload (with reserves). • Baseline science includes: • Analyses of 5 samples, • Samples acquired from 10 cm depth or deeper (beneath radiation processed regolith) and from 5 different regions within the lander workspace, • Each sample must have a minimum volume of 7 cubic centimeters. Pre-Decisional Information — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only Europa Lander Mission Concept Pre-Decisional Information — For Planning and Discussion Purposes Only Europa Lander Goals: A Robust Approach to Searching for Signs -
Issue #1 – 2012 October
TTSIQ #1 page 1 OCTOBER 2012 Introducing a new free quarterly newsletter for space-interested and space-enthused people around the globe This free publication is especially dedicated to students and teachers interested in space NEWS SECTION pp. 3-22 p. 3 Earth Orbit and Mission to Planet Earth - 13 reports p. 8 Cislunar Space and the Moon - 5 reports p. 11 Mars and the Asteroids - 5 reports p. 15 Other Planets and Moons - 2 reports p. 17 Starbound - 4 reports, 1 article ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- ARTICLES, ESSAYS & MORE pp. 23-45 - 10 articles & essays (full list on last page) ---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------- STUDENTS & TEACHERS pp. 46-56 - 9 articles & essays (full list on last page) L: Remote sensing of Aerosol Optical Depth over India R: Curiosity finds rocks shaped by running water on Mars! L: China hopes to put lander on the Moon in 2013 R: First Square Kilometer Array telescopes online in Australia! 1 TTSIQ #1 page 2 OCTOBER 2012 TTSIQ Sponsor Organizations 1. About The National Space Society - http://www.nss.org/ The National Space Society was formed in March, 1987 by the merger of the former L5 Society and National Space institute. NSS has an extensive chapter network in the United States and a number of international chapters in Europe, Asia, and Australia. NSS hosts the annual International Space Development Conference in May each year at varying locations. NSS publishes Ad Astra magazine quarterly. NSS actively tries to influence US Space Policy. About The Moon Society - http://www.moonsociety.org The Moon Society was formed in 2000 and seeks to inspire and involve people everywhere in exploration of the Moon with the establishment of civilian settlements, using local resources through private enterprise both to support themselves and to help alleviate Earth's stubborn energy and environmental problems. -
Explore Digital.Pdf
EXPLORE “sic itur ad astra” ~ thus you shall go to the stars EXPERTISE FOR THE MISSION We’ve built more interplanetary spacecraft than all other U.S. companies combined. We’re ready for humanity’s next step, for Earth, the Sun, our planets … and beyond. We do this for the New capability explorers. And for us for a new space era Achieving in space takes tenacity. Lockheed Martin brings more We’ve never missed a tight (and finite) capability to the table than ever planetary mission launch window. before, creating better data, new Yet, despite how far we go, the most images and groundbreaking ways to important technologies we develop work. And we’re doing it with smarter improve life now, closer to home. factories and common products, Here on Earth. making our systems increasingly affordable and faster to produce. HALF A CENTURY AT MARS Getting to space is hard. Each step past that is increasingly harder. We’ve been a part of every NASA mission to Mars, and we know what it takes to arrive on another planet and explore. Our proven work includes aeroshells, autonomous deep space operations or building orbiters and landers, like InSight. AEROSHELLS VIKING 1 VIKING 2 PATHFINDER MARS POLAR SPIRIT OPPORTUNITY PHOENIX CURIOSITY INSIGHT MARS 2020 1976 1976 1996 LANDER 2004 2018 2008 2012 2018 2020 1999 ORBITERS MARS OBSERVER MARS GLOBAL MARS CLIMATE MARS ODYSSEY MARS RECONNAISSANCE MAVEN 1993 SURVEYOR ORBITER 2001 ORBITER 2014 1997 1999 2006 LANDERS VIKING 1 VIKING 2 MARS POLAR PHOENIX INSIGHT 1976 1976 LANDER 2008 2018 1999 Taking humans back to the Moon – We bring solutions for our customers that include looking outside our organization to deliver the best science through our spacecraft and operations expertise.