DOCSLIB.ORG

Productivity of Plantation Hardwood Tree Species in North-Eastern Australia: a Report from the Forest Adaptation and Sequestration Alliance

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
Productivity of Plantation Hardwood Tree Species in North-Eastern Australia: a Report from the Forest Adaptation and Sequestration Alliance Productivity of plantation hardwood tree species in north-eastern Australia: A report from the Forest Adaptation and Sequestration Alliance A report prepared for The Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry May 2011 Productivity of plantation forest tree species in north-eastern Australia: A report from the Forest Adaptation and Sequestration Alliance1 By David J. LeeA,B, Jeremy T. BrawnerC, Tim E. SmithB, Bruce W. B C B Hogg , Roger Meder and David O. Osborne A Faculty of Science Health and Education, University of the Sunshine Coast, Maroochydore DC, Qld 4558 B Department of Employment, Economic Development and Innovation, Locked Bag 16, Fraser Road, Gympie, Qld 4570 C CSIRO—Plant Industry, 306 Carmody Road, St. Lucia, Qld 4067, Keywords Subtropics, Tropics, Eucalyptus, Corymbia, plantation forests, carbon sequestration, stem borer, Queensland, New South Wales, agroforestry. Disclaimer The University of the Sunshine Coast (USC) and its partners advise that the information contained in this publication comprises general statements based on scientific research. The reader is advised and needs to be aware that such information may be incomplete or unable to be used in any specific situation. No reliance or actions must therefore be made on that information without seeking prior expert professional, scientific and technical advice. To the extent permitted by law, USC (including its employees, research partners and consultants) excludes all liability to any person for any consequences, including but not limited to all losses, damages, costs, expenses and any other compensation, arising directly or indirectly from using this publication (in part or in whole) and any information or material contained in it. Front cover: Nine year old Corymbia citriodora subsp. variegata trees near Miriam Vale (Wide Bay Burnett – coastal zone). This project is supported by funding from the Australian Government Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry under its Forest Industries Climate Change Research Fund program 1 The Alliance comprises scientists from the three organisations listed above who have been working together over the last five years to develop tropical and subtropical hardwood species for production forestry applications in Northern Australia. ii TABLE OF CONTENTS TABLE OF CONTENTS ............................................................................................................ iii EXECUTIVE SUMMARY ........................................................................................................... v ABBREVIATIONS AND TERMS USED .................................................................................. viii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................................... ix INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................... 1 Purpose of this report ............................................................................................................. 1 Background ............................................................................................................................ 1 METHODS ................................................................................................................................. 2 Selection of trials .................................................................................................................... 2 Taxa trials ........................................................................................................................... 2 Nutrition trials...................................................................................................................... 4 Measurements and assessments .......................................................................................... 4 Taxa trials...........................................................................................................................4 Nutrition trials......................................................................................................................5 Data collation ............................................................................................................................. 6 Database programming ...................................................................................................... 6 Volume equations ............................................................................................................... 6 Soils .................................................................................................................................... 7 Data analysis .......................................................................................................................... 8 Taxa evaluation trials ......................................................................................................... 8 Nutrition trials...................................................................................................................... 8 RESULTS .................................................................................................................................. 9 Taxa trials ............................................................................................................................... 9 Growth ................................................................................................................................ 9 Survival and borer damage ................................................................................................ 9 Wood density, carbon sequestration and pulp productivity .............................................. 13 Volume equations ............................................................................................................. 14 Productivity drivers of plantation growth in north-eastern Australia ................................. 15 Nutrition trials ....................................................................................................................... 15 Tree growth ...................................................................................................................... 15 Tree form .......................................................................................................................... 16 Wood quality ..................................................................................................................... 16 Pest susceptibility ............................................................................................................. 16 DISCUSSION .......................................................................................................................... 17 Possible impacts from climate change. ............................................................................... 17 Taxa performance by region ................................................................................................ 18 Taxa suitability across regions and products ................................................................... 20 Issues with the dataset and data analysis ........................................................................ 22 Variation in wood properties across regions .................................................................... 23 Refocussing the tree improvement programs in north-eastern Australia ......................... 23 Volume equations ............................................................................................................. 24 Productivity drivers of plantation growth in north-eastern Australia ................................. 24 Potential of the study to guide process based model development for plantations in north- eastern Australia .............................................................................................................. 25 Nutritional impacts on growth and performance .................................................................. 25 RECOMENDATIONS .............................................................................................................. 26 CERTIFICATON......................................................................................................................27 REFERENCES ........................................................................................................................ 28 Map 1. Bureau of Meteorology Forecast Regions and locations of trials assessed for this study. ....................................................................................................................................... 31 Appendix 1. Growth at age 10 years for each taxon in taxa comparison field trials .............. 32 Appendix 2. Survival and borer performance at age 10 years for each taxon. ...................... 38 Appendix 3. Predicted wood density, volume, carbon sequestered and pulp productivity at age 10 years for selected taxa. ............................................................................................... 44 Appendix 4 Testing for Significant differences between taxa .................................................. 46 Appendix 5. Graphical presentation of volume equations and actual data for selected taxon. ................................................................................................................................................. 47 iii Appendix 6. Summary of the regression model used to predict mean annual increment
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Pests, Diseases, and Aridity Have Shaped the Genome of Corymbia Citriodora
    Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Pests, diseases, and aridity have shaped the genome of Corymbia citriodora. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t51515k Journal Communications biology, 4(1) ISSN 2399-3642 Authors Healey, Adam L Shepherd, Mervyn King, Graham J et al. Publication Date 2021-05-10 DOI 10.1038/s42003-021-02009-0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02009-0 OPEN Pests, diseases, and aridity have shaped the genome of Corymbia citriodora ✉ Adam L. Healey 1,2 , Mervyn Shepherd 3, Graham J. King 3, Jakob B. Butler 4, Jules S. Freeman 4,5,6, David J. Lee 7, Brad M. Potts4,5, Orzenil B. Silva-Junior8, Abdul Baten 3,9, Jerry Jenkins 1, Shengqiang Shu 10, John T. Lovell 1, Avinash Sreedasyam1, Jane Grimwood 1, Agnelo Furtado2, Dario Grattapaglia8,11, Kerrie W. Barry10, Hope Hundley10, Blake A. Simmons 2,12, Jeremy Schmutz 1,10, René E. Vaillancourt4,5 & Robert J. Henry 2 Corymbia citriodora is a member of the predominantly Southern Hemisphere Myrtaceae family, which includes the eucalypts (Eucalyptus, Corymbia and Angophora; ~800 species). 1234567890():,; Corymbia is grown for timber, pulp and paper, and essential oils in Australia, South Africa, Asia, and Brazil, maintaining a high-growth rate under marginal conditions due to drought, poor-quality soil, and biotic stresses. To dissect the genetic basis of these desirable traits, we sequenced and assembled the 408 Mb genome of Corymbia citriodora, anchored into eleven chromosomes. Comparative analysis with Eucalyptus grandis reveals high synteny, although the two diverged approximately 60 million years ago and have different genome sizes (408 vs 641 Mb), with few large intra-chromosomal rearrangements.
    [Show full text]
  • Trees for Farm Forestry: 22 Promising Species
    Forestry and Forest Products Natural Heritage Trust Helping Communities Helping Australia TREES FOR FARM FORESTRY: 22 PROMISING SPECIES Forestry and Forest Products TREES FOR FARM FORESTRY: Natural Heritage 22 PROMISING SPECIES Trust Helping Communities Helping Australia A report for the RIRDC/ Land & Water Australia/ FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program Revised and Edited by Bronwyn Clarke, Ian McLeod and Tim Vercoe March 2009 i © 2008 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved. ISBN 1 74151 821 0 ISSN 1440-6845 Trees for Farm Forestry: 22 promising species Publication No. 09/015 Project No. CSF-56A The information contained in this publication is intended for general use to assist public knowledge and discussion and to help improve the development of sustainable regions. You must not rely on any information contained in this publication without taking specialist advice relevant to your particular circumstances. While reasonable care has been taken in preparing this publication to ensure that information is true and correct, the Commonwealth of Australia gives no assurance as to the accuracy of any information in this publication. The Commonwealth of Australia, the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC), the authors or contributors expressly disclaim, to the maximum extent permitted by law, all responsibility and liability to any person, arising directly or indirectly from any act or omission, or for any consequences of any such act or omission, made in reliance on the contents of this publication, whether or not caused by any negligence on the part of the Commonwealth of Australia, RIRDC, the authors or contributors. The Commonwealth of Australia does not necessarily endorse the views in this publication.
    [Show full text]
  • In China: Phylogeny, Host Range, and Pathogenicity
    Persoonia 45, 2020: 101–131 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.04 Cryphonectriaceae on Myrtales in China: phylogeny, host range, and pathogenicity W. Wang1,2, G.Q. Li1, Q.L. Liu1, S.F. Chen1,2 Key words Abstract Plantation-grown Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) and other trees residing in the Myrtales have been widely planted in southern China. These fungal pathogens include species of Cryphonectriaceae that are well-known to cause stem Eucalyptus and branch canker disease on Myrtales trees. During recent disease surveys in southern China, sporocarps with fungal pathogen typical characteristics of Cryphonectriaceae were observed on the surfaces of cankers on the stems and branches host jump of Myrtales trees. In this study, a total of 164 Cryphonectriaceae isolates were identified based on comparisons of Myrtaceae DNA sequences of the partial conserved nuclear large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA, internal transcribed spacer new taxa (ITS) regions including the 5.8S gene of the ribosomal DNA operon, two regions of the β-tubulin (tub2/tub1) gene, plantation forestry and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene region, as well as their morphological characteristics. The results showed that eight species reside in four genera of Cryphonectriaceae occurring on the genera Eucalyptus, Melastoma (Melastomataceae), Psidium (Myrtaceae), Syzygium (Myrtaceae), and Terminalia (Combretaceae) in Myrtales. These fungal species include Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis, Celoporthe syzygii, Cel. eucalypti, Cel. guang­ dongensis, Cel. cerciana, a new genus and two new species, as well as one new species of Aurifilum. These new taxa are hereby described as Parvosmorbus gen.
    [Show full text]
  • Demographics of Eucalyptus Grandis and Implications for Invasion
    KOEDOE - African Protected Area Conservation and Science ISSN: (Online) 2071-0771, (Print) 0075-6458 Page 1 of 12 Original Research Demographics of Eucalyptus grandis and implications for invasion Authors: Alien invasive species can have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. Plantation 1 Kudakwashe Musengi species such as pines have become serious invaders in many parts of the world, but eucalypts Sally Archibald1 have not been nearly as successful invaders. This is surprising considering that in their native Affiliations: habitat they dominate almost all vegetation types. Available theory on the qualities that 1School of Animal, Plant and characterise invasive species was used to assess the invasive potential of Eucalyptus grandis – a Environmental Science, common plantation species globally. To determine rates of establishment of E. grandis outside University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa plantations, we compared population demographics and reproductive traits at two locations in Mpumalanga, South Africa: one at higher elevation with more frost. Eucalyptus grandis has Corresponding author: a short generation time. We found no evidence that establishment of E. grandis was limiting its Kudakwashe Musengi, spread into native grassland vegetation, but it does appear that recruitment is limited by frost [email protected] and fire over much of its range in Mpumalanga. Populations at both study locations displayed Dates: characteristics of good recruitment. Size class distributions showed definite bottlenecks to Received: 30 Aug. 2016 recruitment which were more severe when exposed to frost at higher elevations. Generally, the Accepted: 21 Feb. 2017 rate of spread is low suggesting that the populations are on the establishing populations’ Published: 30 Mar.
    [Show full text]
  • Eucalyptus Grandis Hill Ex Maid
    Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maid. Myrtaceae LOCAL NAMES Amharic (key bahir zaf); English (rose gum,red gum,flooded gum); Luganda (kalitunsi) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Eucalyptus grandis attains a height of 45-55 m, usually with an excellent trunk and a wide-spreading, rather thin crown; most of the bark and branches are smooth, white or silvery, sometimes greenish, rough on lower stem, smooth above, debark easily. 8-year old stand in south Florida, USA. Juvenile leaves are petiolate, opposite for several pairs then alternate, (Edward L. Barnard, Florida Department of ovate up to 16 x 8.5 cm, green to dark green and slightly wavy; adult Agriculture and Consumer Services, leaves are petiolate, alternate, stalked, lanceolate to broad lanceolate, up www.forestryimages.org) to 15 x 3 cm, green on topside and pale green on underside, slightly wavy, with a long point. Inflorescence axillary and simple, 7 flowered; peduncules flattened, to 1.8 cm long; buds have a bluish bloom. Fruit or seed capsules several, short stalked, pear shaped or conical, slightly narrowed at the rim, thin, 8 x 6 mm, with whitish waxy coating, narrow sunken disc, and 4-6 (commonly 5) pointed, thin teeth, slightly projecting and curved inward, persisting on twigs. E. grandis, 11 week old rooted cuttings, Carton de Colombia, Colombia. (David The genus Eucalyptus was described and named in 1788 by the French Boshier) botanist l’Héritier. The flowers of various Eucalyptus species are protected by an operculum, hence the generic name, which comes from the Greek words ‘eu’ (well) and ‘calyptos’ (covered). The specific name, ‘grandis’, is Latin word for ‘large’ or ‘great’.
    [Show full text]
  • Proceduretreemanagement.Pdf
    Procedure Draft - Tree Management Procedure Corporate Plan reference: 3.2 Well-managed and maintained open space, waterways and foreshore assets 3.2.5 Develop a Tree and Native Vegetation Policy to enhance the region’s urban forest and implement a street tree planting program Approved by: <Insert signature> <Insert date> Procedure owner and branch: Manager Parks & Gardens & Manager Environmental Operations Reference number: <eg. Quality management document control number> Purpose To affirm council’s commitment to the management of trees on council controlled land. To provide consistent and transparent practices and standards for the Tree & Native Vegetation Management Policy (Council controlled land) Scope This procedure is applicable to trees and native vegetation on council controlled land and does not replace requirements determined by legislation and associated regulations, local laws or planning scheme requirements. References Fact Sheet – Natural Justice Sunshine Coast Council Strategic Policy Tree & Native Vegetation Management (Council controlled land) Sunshine Coast Council Complaints Management Process Policy Sunshine Coast Council Compliance and Enforcement Policy 2009 Sunshine Coast Council Asset Responsibility Matrix Sunshine Coast Council Centre Design Palettes (for primary urban streetscapes) Sunshine Coast Council Open Space Landscape Infrastructure Manual (LIM) http://www.sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au/sitePage.cfm?code=lim Sunshine Coast Council Local Government Area Pest Management Plan Tree Management Procedure – Draft
    [Show full text]
  • Site Classification of Eucalyptus Urophylla Eucalyptus Grandis Plantations in China
    Article Site Classification of Eucalyptus urophylla × Eucalyptus grandis Plantations in China Haifei Lu , Jianmin Xu *, Guangyou Li and Wangshu Liu Key Laboratory of State Forestry Administration on Tropical Forestry, Research Institute of Tropical Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Guangzhou 510520, China; [email protected] (H.L.); [email protected] (G.L.); [email protected] (W.L.) * Correspondence: [email protected]; Tel.: +86-136-0973-0753 Received: 23 May 2020; Accepted: 6 August 2020; Published: 10 August 2020 Abstract: Background and Objectives: It is important to match species needs with site conditions for sustainable forestry. In Eucalyptus urophylla Eucalyptus grandis plantations in southern Yunnan, × China, species-site mismatches have led to inappropriate expansion and management, which has degraded forests and decreased efficiency in plantation production. Further research is needed to understand the relationship between tree growth and site productivity. We empirically explored site features and classified site types within these plantations in southern Yunnan. Our objective was to develop a theoretical basis for improving site selection for afforestation, and to establish intensive management in that region. Materials and Methods: 130 standard plots were set up in 1 15-year-old eucalyptus plantations in Pu’er and Lincang. We used quantification theory to examine − the relationship between dominant tree growth traits and site factors. Hierarchical cluster analysis and canonical correlation analysis were applied to classify sites and evaluate the growth potential of E. urophylla E. grandis plantations, respectively. Results: The multiple correlation coefficient between × eight site factors (altitude, slope, slope position, aspect, soil depth, texture, bulk density, and litter thickness) and the quantitative growth of the dominant tree was 0.834 (p < 0.05).
    [Show full text]
  • Scientia Forestalis Pruning Effect in Eucalyptus Grandis X Eucalyptus
    Scientia Forestalis Pruning effect in Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla clone growth Efeito da desrama no crescimento de clone de Eucalyptus grandis x Eucalyptus urophylla Antonio Carlos Ferraz Filho¹, Blas Mola-Yudego², José Ramón González-Olabarria³ e José Roberto Soares Scolforo¹ Resumo O objetivo deste trabalho é avaliar o nível de desrama que não afeta o crescimento da árvore, aumentan- do a produção de madeira livre de nós com apenas uma aplicação de desrama na idade de 1,3 anos. O experimento foi desenvolvido no município de Aracruz, estado do Espírito Santo, Brasil. As intensidades de desrama testadas foram: 40%, 55%, 70% e 85% da altura total da árvore desramada, bem como uma testemunha não desramada. Os resultados obtidos três anos após a desrama mostraram que é possível atingir até 70% da altura da árvore desramada (altura desramada média de 7,3 m) em uma única operação sem afetar o tamanho das 700 árvores com maior diâmetro por hectare. Desramas de alta intensidade (85%) resultaram em efeitos negativos no crescimento. Desramas de baixa intensidade (40%) apresenta- ram efeito moderado no crescimento, possivelmente devido à exposição aos efeitos negativos da remoção de área foliar sem se beneficiar dos efeitos positivos nas características do dossel. Por fim, este trabalho discute diferentes regimes de desbaste e sua implicação no regime de desrama. Os resultados desta pesquisa podem contribuir para melhorar o manejo de plantios de espécies de rápido crescimento para produção de madeira sólida. Palavras-chave: modelos de crescimento e produção; manejo florestal; plantios de rápido crescimento; madeira livre de nós; remoção de área foliar.
    [Show full text]
  • Eucalyptus Grandis Myrtaceae
    Eucalyptus grandis Myrtaceae Northern New South Wales, Queensland (Australia) Common names: English: Flooded gum, rose gum Luganda: Kalitunsi. Ecology: This gum tree grows best in humid subtropical conditions, but has been widely planted all over the world (e.g. South Africa, Brazil). In Uganda it has attained maximum growth in Kabale, Kisoro and Rukungiri Districts. It has also been naturalized. It performs best on light and medium neutral-to-acid soils that are free draining and moist, 1,600-2,300 m. Uses: Firewood, charcoal, poles (building, electricity transmission),posts, timber (heavy and light construction, furniture, boxes, veneer, plywood), bee forage, shade, ornamental, windbreak, short-fibre pulp for paper. Description: An evergreen tree 40-55 m, to a diameter of 2 m; with an excellent straight trunk and widespreading thin crown, self- pruning of branches in plantations. BARK: reddish at first, later pale grey, fibrous bark extends several metres up the trunk (more than in E. saligna). Upper bark is smooth, silvery white (greenish). LEAVES: similar to those of E. saligna. FLOWERS: white,'small. Buds (larger than in E. saligna) with a bluish bloom (waxy powder). FRUIT: pear-shaped, gradually narrowed to an ill-defined stalk, teeth of capsule 4-6, mostly 5, pale, the blunt tips turned inward like "clutching fingers". Propagation: Seedlings. Seed: No. of seeds per kg: 600,000-650,000. Germinates in 7-8 days, treatment: not necessary. storage: can store for several years if kept in cool, dry and airtight containers. Management: A fast-growing tree. Coppicing. Protect from termite attack when young. Remarks: It is fire sensitive and has a tendency to split when being felled.
    [Show full text]
  • Field Identification of Seedlings of the Major Tree Species in the Blackbutt and Flooded Gum Forest Types
    This document has been scanned from hard-copy archives for research and study purposes. Please note not all information may be current. We have tried, in preparing this copy, to make the content accessible to the widest possible audience but in some cases we recognise that the automatic text recognition maybe inadequate and we apologise in advance for any inconvenience this may cause. FORESTRY COMMISSION OF N.S.W. DIVISION OF FOREST MANAGEMENT RESEARCH NOTE No. 1 Published September 1958 FIELD IDENTIFICATION OJT SEEDLINGS OF THE MAJOR TREE SPECIES IN THE BLACKBUTT AND FLOODED GUM AREAS AUTHOR A. G. FLOYD, B.Sc. For. • 37841 FIELD IDENTIFICATION OF SEEDLINGS OF THE MAJOR TREE SPECIES IN THE BLACKBUTT AND FLOODED GUM FOREST TYPES A. G. FLOYD, B.Sc.For. SUMMARY Two dichotomous field keys are provided for the indentification .of seedlings at different stages of the 10 major tree species in the Blackbutt and Flooded Gum forest types. Seedlings from I month to 12 months old can be identified. The characteristic features of the 10 species are also listed for ready comparison. INTRODUCTION As the silvicultural treatment of the North Coast hardwood forests assumes increasingly greater importance, the Foresters in charge will of necessity require to be able to recognise regeneration of the major species when still in the seedling stage. The success or failure of any regeneration work is governed by which species appears following treatment, which in turn will govern any future treatment. As instances of the pitfalls besetting the Forester are dense seedling regeneration following Flooded Gum broadcast sowing which may in fact be only Blue Gum from neighbouring trees.
    [Show full text]
  • EUCALYPT DISCOVERY WALK Burbidge MAIN PATH Aamphittheatre
    EVOLUTION OF EUCALYPTS KEY FACTS ABOUT EUCALYPTS EUCALYPT FRUITS Eucalypts are thought to have evolved from rainforest Eucalypts are a defi ning feature of much of the There is great variation in eucalypt fruits (gum nuts). species in response to great changes in the landscape, Australian landscape and an essential part of Australian The fruit is usually a woody capsule and may soils and climate of the continent. As the environment culture. They dominate the tree fl ora of Australia and be small or very large, single or clustered. became drier, eucalypts adapted to live in challenging provide habitat and food for many native animals. conditions of variable rainfall, low nutrient soils and Of the over 850 eucalypt species known, Most Corymbia species have thick-walled woody high fi re risk existing over much of the continent. almost all are native only to Australia. They grow from the arid inland to temperate woodlands, fruit that are more or Some species have a wide geographic distribution; wet coastal forests and sub-alpine areas. less urn-shaped others are extremely restricted in their natural ADAPTED TO FIRE habitat and need conservation. Dormant epicormic buds hidden beneath the often NOT ALL EUCALYPTS ARE EUCALYPTUS Typical Eucalyptus fruit EUCALYPT thick insulating bark of most eucalypts are ready The term ‘eucalypt’ refers to three closely-related genera to sprout new stems and leaves after fi re. All but a of the Myrtaceae family – Eucalyptus with 758 species, DISCOVERY WALK few eucalypts have a special structure at the base of Corymbia with 93 species and Angophora with the trunk known as a lignotuber which also contains 10 species.
    [Show full text]
  • Buderim Street Tree Strategy
    Buderim Street tree strategy Description of area and land use Canopy cover Street tree planting strategies Buderim is a unique urban centre on the Sunshine Coast with the favourable While tree canopy over all land types in Buderim is above-average for the Street tree plantings sustain and enhance the leafy look and feel of the attributes of elevation and close proximity to the coast. The plan area region (49%), canopy cover within the road reserve is below average (26%) locality. stretches over 2775 hectares encompassing the Buderim Mountain suggesting that despite the lush, leafy setting, street tree planting needs to plateau, ridges and foothills; North Buderim, Buderim Meadows and be intensified in this locality. Buderim Meadows, Mountain Creek and the The King–Burnett–Main Streets and Gloucester Road avenues of Mountain Creek. The locality contains a broad range of natural landscapes lower reaches of North Buderim contain the least amount of road reserve poinciana trees are sustained and reinvigorated with infill planting. from unassuming creekside environments to the steep and dramatic and park perimeter trees within the plan area. Up-scaled footpath treatment occurs in conjunction with new plantings escarpment where remnant fig trees frame ocean and hinterland views. wherever possible. With urban residential living the primary land use (some areas zoned as Major opportunities and constraints rural residential living are also present), the popular locality boasts eight Native plant palettes are used for all remaining plantings with a higher Buderim Meadows, North Buderim and Mountain Creek present the schools, a TAFE, private hospital and numerous retirement villages, sporting proportion of local rainforest species represented in local streets and best opportunities for canopy building and extension, buffer and shade precincts and community centres.
    [Show full text]