The Eucalyptus Terpene Synthase Gene Family
Total Page:16
File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb
Load more
Recommended publications
-
Pests, Diseases, and Aridity Have Shaped the Genome of Corymbia Citriodora
Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory Recent Work Title Pests, diseases, and aridity have shaped the genome of Corymbia citriodora. Permalink https://escholarship.org/uc/item/5t51515k Journal Communications biology, 4(1) ISSN 2399-3642 Authors Healey, Adam L Shepherd, Mervyn King, Graham J et al. Publication Date 2021-05-10 DOI 10.1038/s42003-021-02009-0 Peer reviewed eScholarship.org Powered by the California Digital Library University of California ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-021-02009-0 OPEN Pests, diseases, and aridity have shaped the genome of Corymbia citriodora ✉ Adam L. Healey 1,2 , Mervyn Shepherd 3, Graham J. King 3, Jakob B. Butler 4, Jules S. Freeman 4,5,6, David J. Lee 7, Brad M. Potts4,5, Orzenil B. Silva-Junior8, Abdul Baten 3,9, Jerry Jenkins 1, Shengqiang Shu 10, John T. Lovell 1, Avinash Sreedasyam1, Jane Grimwood 1, Agnelo Furtado2, Dario Grattapaglia8,11, Kerrie W. Barry10, Hope Hundley10, Blake A. Simmons 2,12, Jeremy Schmutz 1,10, René E. Vaillancourt4,5 & Robert J. Henry 2 Corymbia citriodora is a member of the predominantly Southern Hemisphere Myrtaceae family, which includes the eucalypts (Eucalyptus, Corymbia and Angophora; ~800 species). 1234567890():,; Corymbia is grown for timber, pulp and paper, and essential oils in Australia, South Africa, Asia, and Brazil, maintaining a high-growth rate under marginal conditions due to drought, poor-quality soil, and biotic stresses. To dissect the genetic basis of these desirable traits, we sequenced and assembled the 408 Mb genome of Corymbia citriodora, anchored into eleven chromosomes. Comparative analysis with Eucalyptus grandis reveals high synteny, although the two diverged approximately 60 million years ago and have different genome sizes (408 vs 641 Mb), with few large intra-chromosomal rearrangements. -
Quambalaria Leaf and Shoot Blight on Eucalyptus Nitens in South Africa
CSIRO PUBLISHING www.publish.csiro.au/journals/app Australasian Plant Pathology, 2006, 35, 427–433 Quambalaria leaf and shoot blight on Eucalyptus nitens in South Africa J. RouxA,B, Z. L. MthalaneA, Z. W. de BeerA, B. EisenbergA and M. J. WingfieldA ADepartment of Microbiology and Plant Pathology, Tree Protection Co-operative Programme (TPCP), Forestry and Agricultural Biotechnology Institute (FABI), University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa. BCorresponding author. Email: [email protected] Abstract. Quambalaria spp. cause leaf and shoot dieback diseases on young Eucalyptus trees in Australia, Thailand, South America and South Africa. The disease was first recorded in South Africa in the early 1990s but has been restricted to nurseries in the subtropical north-east coastal area of the country, without resulting in great effect. Recent disease surveys in the Mpumalanga Province of South Africa have revealed extensive shoot and leaf dieback, as well as stem cankers on 1-year-old E. nitens trees. Some symptoms of the disease resembled Quambalaria leaf and shoot blight. However, this was the first time it had occurred on the stems of larger trees, on E. nitens or in the cold temperate region of the country. The aim of this study was to identify the causal agent of the disease and to test different Eucalyptus spp. and clones of relevance to the South African forestry industry for their susceptibility to the pathogen. Comparisons of DNA sequence data for the ITS and 5.8S regions were used to identify the fungus. Results showed that the pathogen represented Q. eucalypti. Inoculation trials showed that all the material tested was susceptible to infection by Q. -
Tree Growth Stress and Related Problems
J Wood Sci DOI 10.1007/s10086-017-1639-y REVIEW ARTICLE Tree growth stress and related problems 1 1 1 2 Joseph Gril • Delphine Jullien • Sandrine Bardet • Hiroyuki Yamamoto Received: 23 May 2016 / Accepted: 15 May 2017 Ó The Author(s) 2017. This article is an open access publication Abstract Tree growth stress, resulted from the combined near future, we expect to develop plantation forests and effects of dead weight increase and cell wall maturation in utilize more wood as industrial resources; in that case, we the growing trees, fulfills biomechanical functions by need to respond to their large growth stress. Thermal enhancing the strength of growing stems and by controlling treatment is one of the possible countermeasures: green their growth orientation. Its value after new wood forma- wood heating involves the hygrothermal recovery of vis- tion, named maturation stress, can be determined by mea- coelastic locked-in growth strains and tends to counteract suring the instantaneously released strain at stem periphery. the effect of subsequent drying. Methods such as smoke Exceptional levels of longitudinal stress are reached in drying of logs are proposed to increase the processing yield reaction wood, in the form of compression in gymnosperms at a reasonable cost. or higher-than-usual tension in angiosperms, inspiring theories to explain the generation process of the maturation Keywords Mechanical stress Á Tension wood Á stress at the level of wood fiber: the synergistic action of Compression wood Á Biomechanics Á Hygrothermal compressive stress generated in the amorphous lignin– recovery hemicellulose matrix and tensile stress due to the short- ening of the crystalline cellulosic framework is a possible driving force. -
Trees for Farm Forestry: 22 Promising Species
Forestry and Forest Products Natural Heritage Trust Helping Communities Helping Australia TREES FOR FARM FORESTRY: 22 PROMISING SPECIES Forestry and Forest Products TREES FOR FARM FORESTRY: Natural Heritage 22 PROMISING SPECIES Trust Helping Communities Helping Australia A report for the RIRDC/ Land & Water Australia/ FWPRDC Joint Venture Agroforestry Program Revised and Edited by Bronwyn Clarke, Ian McLeod and Tim Vercoe March 2009 i © 2008 Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation. All rights reserved. ISBN 1 74151 821 0 ISSN 1440-6845 Trees for Farm Forestry: 22 promising species Publication No. 09/015 Project No. CSF-56A The information contained in this publication is intended for general use to assist public knowledge and discussion and to help improve the development of sustainable regions. You must not rely on any information contained in this publication without taking specialist advice relevant to your particular circumstances. While reasonable care has been taken in preparing this publication to ensure that information is true and correct, the Commonwealth of Australia gives no assurance as to the accuracy of any information in this publication. The Commonwealth of Australia, the Rural Industries Research and Development Corporation (RIRDC), the authors or contributors expressly disclaim, to the maximum extent permitted by law, all responsibility and liability to any person, arising directly or indirectly from any act or omission, or for any consequences of any such act or omission, made in reliance on the contents of this publication, whether or not caused by any negligence on the part of the Commonwealth of Australia, RIRDC, the authors or contributors. The Commonwealth of Australia does not necessarily endorse the views in this publication. -
Street Tree Master Plan Report © Sunshine Coast Regional Council 2009-Current
Sunshine Coast Street Tree Master Plan 2018 Part A: Street Tree Master Plan Report © Sunshine Coast Regional Council 2009-current. Sunshine Coast Council™ is a registered trademark of Sunshine Coast Regional Council. www.sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au [email protected] T 07 5475 7272 F 07 5475 7277 Locked Bag 72 Sunshine Coast Mail Centre Qld 4560 Acknowledgements Council wishes to thank all contributors and stakeholders involved in the development of this document. Disclaimer Information contained in this document is based on available information at the time of writing. All figures and diagrams are indicative only and should be referred to as such. While the Sunshine Coast Regional Council has exercised reasonable care in preparing this document it does not warrant or represent that it is accurate or complete. Council or its officers accept no responsibility for any loss occasioned to any person acting or refraining from acting in reliance upon any material contained in this document. Foreword Here on our healthy, smart, creative Sunshine Coast we are blessed with a wonderful environment. It is central to our way of life and a major reason why our 320,000 residents choose to live here – and why we are joined by millions of visitors each year. Although our region is experiencing significant population growth, we are dedicated to not only keeping but enhancing the outstanding characteristics that make this such a special place in the world. Our trees are the lungs of the Sunshine Coast and I am delighted that council has endorsed this master plan to increase the number of street trees across our region to balance our built environment. -
In China: Phylogeny, Host Range, and Pathogenicity
Persoonia 45, 2020: 101–131 ISSN (Online) 1878-9080 www.ingentaconnect.com/content/nhn/pimj RESEARCH ARTICLE https://doi.org/10.3767/persoonia.2020.45.04 Cryphonectriaceae on Myrtales in China: phylogeny, host range, and pathogenicity W. Wang1,2, G.Q. Li1, Q.L. Liu1, S.F. Chen1,2 Key words Abstract Plantation-grown Eucalyptus (Myrtaceae) and other trees residing in the Myrtales have been widely planted in southern China. These fungal pathogens include species of Cryphonectriaceae that are well-known to cause stem Eucalyptus and branch canker disease on Myrtales trees. During recent disease surveys in southern China, sporocarps with fungal pathogen typical characteristics of Cryphonectriaceae were observed on the surfaces of cankers on the stems and branches host jump of Myrtales trees. In this study, a total of 164 Cryphonectriaceae isolates were identified based on comparisons of Myrtaceae DNA sequences of the partial conserved nuclear large subunit (LSU) ribosomal DNA, internal transcribed spacer new taxa (ITS) regions including the 5.8S gene of the ribosomal DNA operon, two regions of the β-tubulin (tub2/tub1) gene, plantation forestry and the translation elongation factor 1-alpha (tef1) gene region, as well as their morphological characteristics. The results showed that eight species reside in four genera of Cryphonectriaceae occurring on the genera Eucalyptus, Melastoma (Melastomataceae), Psidium (Myrtaceae), Syzygium (Myrtaceae), and Terminalia (Combretaceae) in Myrtales. These fungal species include Chrysoporthe deuterocubensis, Celoporthe syzygii, Cel. eucalypti, Cel. guang dongensis, Cel. cerciana, a new genus and two new species, as well as one new species of Aurifilum. These new taxa are hereby described as Parvosmorbus gen. -
Demographics of Eucalyptus Grandis and Implications for Invasion
KOEDOE - African Protected Area Conservation and Science ISSN: (Online) 2071-0771, (Print) 0075-6458 Page 1 of 12 Original Research Demographics of Eucalyptus grandis and implications for invasion Authors: Alien invasive species can have negative impacts on the functioning of ecosystems. Plantation 1 Kudakwashe Musengi species such as pines have become serious invaders in many parts of the world, but eucalypts Sally Archibald1 have not been nearly as successful invaders. This is surprising considering that in their native Affiliations: habitat they dominate almost all vegetation types. Available theory on the qualities that 1School of Animal, Plant and characterise invasive species was used to assess the invasive potential of Eucalyptus grandis – a Environmental Science, common plantation species globally. To determine rates of establishment of E. grandis outside University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa plantations, we compared population demographics and reproductive traits at two locations in Mpumalanga, South Africa: one at higher elevation with more frost. Eucalyptus grandis has Corresponding author: a short generation time. We found no evidence that establishment of E. grandis was limiting its Kudakwashe Musengi, spread into native grassland vegetation, but it does appear that recruitment is limited by frost [email protected] and fire over much of its range in Mpumalanga. Populations at both study locations displayed Dates: characteristics of good recruitment. Size class distributions showed definite bottlenecks to Received: 30 Aug. 2016 recruitment which were more severe when exposed to frost at higher elevations. Generally, the Accepted: 21 Feb. 2017 rate of spread is low suggesting that the populations are on the establishing populations’ Published: 30 Mar. -
Eucalyptus Grandis Hill Ex Maid
Eucalyptus grandis Hill ex Maid. Myrtaceae LOCAL NAMES Amharic (key bahir zaf); English (rose gum,red gum,flooded gum); Luganda (kalitunsi) BOTANIC DESCRIPTION Eucalyptus grandis attains a height of 45-55 m, usually with an excellent trunk and a wide-spreading, rather thin crown; most of the bark and branches are smooth, white or silvery, sometimes greenish, rough on lower stem, smooth above, debark easily. 8-year old stand in south Florida, USA. Juvenile leaves are petiolate, opposite for several pairs then alternate, (Edward L. Barnard, Florida Department of ovate up to 16 x 8.5 cm, green to dark green and slightly wavy; adult Agriculture and Consumer Services, leaves are petiolate, alternate, stalked, lanceolate to broad lanceolate, up www.forestryimages.org) to 15 x 3 cm, green on topside and pale green on underside, slightly wavy, with a long point. Inflorescence axillary and simple, 7 flowered; peduncules flattened, to 1.8 cm long; buds have a bluish bloom. Fruit or seed capsules several, short stalked, pear shaped or conical, slightly narrowed at the rim, thin, 8 x 6 mm, with whitish waxy coating, narrow sunken disc, and 4-6 (commonly 5) pointed, thin teeth, slightly projecting and curved inward, persisting on twigs. E. grandis, 11 week old rooted cuttings, Carton de Colombia, Colombia. (David The genus Eucalyptus was described and named in 1788 by the French Boshier) botanist l’Héritier. The flowers of various Eucalyptus species are protected by an operculum, hence the generic name, which comes from the Greek words ‘eu’ (well) and ‘calyptos’ (covered). The specific name, ‘grandis’, is Latin word for ‘large’ or ‘great’. -
Friends of the Brisbane Botanic Gardens and Sherwood Arboretum Newsletter
GOVERNANCE § Funding priorities Exciting news came in January, with the arrival $75,000 donated by Brisbane City Council. We plan to use that money wisely to kick start operations that will also raise more money and gain more members. For ABN 20 607 589 873 example, our corporate branding, Connect – Promote - Protect website, social media contacts all need DELECTABLE PLANT TREASURE: to be put on a professional footing. Jim Sacred Lotus, ponds near Administration Building, at Dobbins has been magnanimous with Mt Coot-tha Botanic Garden (J Sim 5 March 2016). his pro bono graphics and media Lilygram design for us and we thank him for all CONTENTS: his help and patience. Paul Plant has come on board the Management Newsletter Governance ............................1 Committee and steering our New Members! .......................1 promotions and publicity efforts. Issue 2, March 2016 New Sources! .........................2 Annual General Meeting Bump the Funny Bone !! .......2 Let's be friends… We decided against that Special INSTAGRAM News ...............2 General Meeting in April and will CONTACTING f BBGSA WEBSITE news .....................2 Our Website focus on working as a team of initial FACEBOOK news..................2 Directors until we stage the first AGM www.fbbgsa.org.au Postcards ................................3 (Membership details here) in August. PLANTspeak ..........................4 Email History EXPOSÉ ...................5 Making things Happen [email protected] FoSA news .............................7 Now we have reached accord with MAIL ADDRESS OBBG news ............................8 Friends of Sherwood Arboretum, we f BBGSA, PO Box 39, MCBG Visitor Centre .......... 10 are forging ahead with events and Sherwood, Qld 4075. Volunteer Guides news ........ 11 activities. However, we still need May Events! ........................ -
Eucalyptus Species for Taranaki
Eucalyptus Species for Taranaki 14 Introduction conditions. Especially suited to saline winds. This This information sheet follows on from the information species holds its form, mills extremely well at a young sheet, ‘Eucalyptus’ (No.13), which discusses general age, and is largely unaffected by pests and diseases. management issues such as siting, selecting tree stocks, Eucalyptus nitens shining gum E. nitens is more tolerant planting regimes, silviculture, establishment, weed to wet sites and is suited to planting in all damper sites control, planting technique, fertiliser requirements, and that E. fraxinoides won't tolerate, for example, low lying pest and disease control. damper areas along streambanks and on hillsites affected by springs. It is also equally suited to drier As no one species of eucalypt will thrive over the range 'fraxinoides' sites. Generally, E. nitens is suited to of sites in a similar manner to Pinus radiata, selecting the planting in soils that are a bit damper than pine will most suitable species for a particular site is of critical tolerate. Furthermore, the tree has good form, a fast importance. Species selection is just as important, if not growth rate, and is resistant to cold. It has a good more, than issues associated with their subsequent reputation for milling and exceptional peeling management. properties (better than radiata pine), although more trial work on drying properties is required. E. nitens A lack of objective, accessible, practical local knowledge used to be affected by the paropsis tortoise beetle and experience of eucalypt growing in Taranaki makes (Paropsis charybdis), but since that beetle has been it difficult for people seeking advice on correct species controlled, the species is largely free of pest and disease to plant. -
Identification and Sequencing of Lignin Biosynthesis
Paiva et al. BMC Genomics 2011, 12:137 http://www.biomedcentral.com/1471-2164/12/137 RESEARCHARTICLE Open Access Advancing Eucalyptus genomics: identification and sequencing of lignin biosynthesis genes from deep-coverage BAC libraries Jorge AP Paiva1,2*, Elisa Prat3, Sonia Vautrin3, Mauro D Santos4, Hélène San-Clemente5,6, Sérgio Brommonschenkel7, Paulo GS Fonseca4, Dario Grattapaglia8, Xiang Song9, Jetty SS Ammiraju9, David Kudrna9, Rod A Wing9, Ana T Freitas4, Hélène Bergès3, Jacqueline Grima-Pettenati5,6 Abstract Background: Eucalyptus species are among the most planted hardwoods in the world because of their rapid growth, adaptability and valuable wood properties. The development and integration of genomic resources into breeding practice will be increasingly important in the decades to come. Bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) libraries are key genomic tools that enable positional cloning of important traits, synteny evaluation, and the development of genome framework physical maps for genetic linkage and genome sequencing. Results: We describe the construction and characterization of two deep-coverage BAC libraries EG_Ba and EG_Bb obtained from nuclear DNA fragments of E. grandis (clone BRASUZ1) digested with HindIII and BstYI, respectively. Genome coverages of 17 and 15 haploid genome equivalents were estimated for EG_Ba and EG_Bb, respectively. Both libraries contained large inserts, with average sizes ranging from 135 Kb (Eg_Bb) to 157 Kb (Eg_Ba), very low extra-nuclear genome contamination providing a probability of finding a single copy gene ≥ 99.99%. Libraries were screened for the presence of several genes of interest via hybridizations to high-density BAC filters followed by PCR validation. Five selected BAC clones were sequenced and assembled using the Roche GS FLX technology providing the whole sequence of the E. -
Blair's Rainforest Inventory
Enoggera creek (Herston/Wilston) rainforest inventory Prepared by Blair Bartholomew 28-Jan-02 Botanical Name Common Name: tree, shrub, Derivation (Pronunciation) vine, timber 1. Acacia aulacocarpa Brown salwood, hickory/brush Acacia from Greek ”akakia (A), hê”, the shittah tree, Acacia arabica; (changed to Acacia ironbark/broad-leaved/black/grey which is derived from the Greek “akanth-a [a^k], ês, hê, (akê A)” a thorn disparrima ) wattle, gugarkill or prickle (alluding to the spines on the many African and Asian species first described); aulacocarpa from Greek “aulac” furrow and “karpos” a fruit, referring to the characteristic thickened transverse bands on the a-KAY-she-a pod. Disparrima from Latin “disparrima”, the most unlike, dissimilar, different or unequal referring to the species exhibiting the greatest difference from other renamed species previously described as A aulacocarpa. 2. Acacia melanoxylon Black wood/acacia/sally, light Melanoxylon from Greek “mela_s” black or dark: and “xulon” wood, cut wood, hickory, silver/sally/black- and ready for use, or tree, referring to the dark timber of this species. hearted wattle, mudgerabah, mootchong, Australian blackwood, native ash, bastard myall 3. Acmena hemilampra Broad-leaved lillypilly, blush satin Acmena from Greek “Acmenae” the nymphs of Venus who were very ash, water gum, cassowary gum beautiful, referring to the attractive flowers and fruits. A second source says that Acmena was a nymph dedicated to Venus. This derivation ac-ME-na seems the most likely. Finally another source says that the name is derived from the Latin “Acmena” one of the names of the goddess Venus. Hemilampra from Greek “hemi” half and “lampro”, bright, lustrous or shining, referring to the glossy upper leaf surface.