Candidatura Das Berlengas a Reserva Da Biosfera Da UNESCO

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Candidatura Das Berlengas a Reserva Da Biosfera Da UNESCO Candidatura das Berlengas a Reserva da Biosfera da UNESCO Versão para Consulta Pública EEP 12.08 – 08/06.11 DEZEMBRO 2008 Instituto do Ambiente e Desenvolvimento | Campus Universitário | 3810-193 Aveiro | tel. 234.400.800 | fax. 234.382.876 |email. [email protected] Ficha técnica Designação do Projecto: Candidatura das Berlengas a Reserva da Biosfera da UNESCO Cliente: Câmara Municipal de Peniche Sector Operacional: Estudos Estratégicos e de Planeamento Nº do Relatório: EEP 12.08 - 08/06.11 Tipo de Documento: Versão do Dossier para Consulta Pública Data de Emissão: 11 de Dezembro de 2008 Elaboração: Aprovação: Candidatura das Berlengas – Programa “O Homem e a Biosfera” da UNESCO Pág. iii Candidatura das Berlengas – Programa “O Homem e a Biosfera” da UNESCO Pág. iv Equipa Técnica Coordenação Henrique Queiroga (CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro) Fernando Leão (IDAD) Miguel Coutinho (IDAD) Consultoria técnica e científica Alexandra Cunha (CIMAR, Faculdade de Ciências do Mar e do Ambiente, Universidade do Algarve) António Luís (Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro) Cristina Bernades (CESAM, Departamento de Geociências, Universidade de Aveiro) Daniel Cleary (CESAM, Universidade de Aveiro) Fernando Morgado (CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro) Jesus Dubert (CESAM, Departamento de Física, Universidade de Aveiro) João Ezequiel (Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro) Lurdes Morais (Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e da Biodiversidade) Marina Ribeiro da Cunha (CESAM, Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro) Paulo Maranhão (Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Mar, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria) Pedro Moreira (CBA, Faculdade de Ciências, Universidade de Lisboa) Rosa Pinho (Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Aveiro) Rui Venâncio (Câmara Municipal de Peniche) Sérgio Leandro (Câmara Municipal de Peniche e Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Mar, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria) Sofia Castel-Branco da Silveira (Instituto da Conservação da Natureza e da Biodiversidade) Teresa Cruz (Laboratório de Ciências do Mar, Universidade de Évora) Teresa Mouga (Escola Superior de Tecnologia do Mar, Instituto Politécnico de Leiria) Candidatura das Berlengas – Programa “O Homem e a Biosfera” da UNESCO Pág. v Candidatura das Berlengas – Programa “O Homem e a Biosfera” da UNESCO Pág. vi Índice 1. NOME PROPOSTO PARA A RESERVA............................................................................................ 1 2. PAÍS .................................................................................................................................................... 1 3. COMO A RESERVA CANDIDATA CUMPRE AS TRÊS FUNÇÕES DE RESERVA DA BIOSFERA 1 3.1 CONSERVAÇÃO ........................................................................................................................ 1 3.2 DESENVOLVIMENTO .................................................................................................................. 2 3.3 APOIO LOGÍSTICO ..................................................................................................................... 3 4. CRITÉRIOS PARA A DESIGNAÇÃO DA RESERVA DA BIOSFERA................................................ 4 4.1 INCLUIR UM MOSAICO DE SISTEMAS ECOLÓGICOS REPRESENTATIVOS DE REGIÕES BIOGEOGRÁFICAS , INCLUINDO UMA GRADAÇÃO DE INTERVENÇÃO HUMANA ................................................ 4 4.2 NOMEAR E DESCREVER A SIGNIFICÂNCIA PARA A CONSERVAÇÃO DA DIVERSIDADE BIOLÓGICA ....... 5 4.3 COMPROVAR E DESCREVER A OPORTUNIDADE QUE ESTE LOCAL OFERECE PARA A DEMONSTRAÇÃO E EXPLORAÇÃO DE TÉCNICAS DE DESENVOLVIMENTO SUSTENTÁVEL NUMA ESCALA REGIONAL .................... 7 4.4 COMPROVAR QUE O LOCAL TEM ÁREA APROPRIADA PARA A CONCRETIZAÇÃO DAS TRÊS FUNÇÕES DE UMA RESERVA DA BIOSFERA .............................................................................................................. 8 4.5 ZONAMENTO /D ESCRIÇÃO DAS ÁREAS PROTEGIDAS COM ESTATUTO LEGAL .................................. 9 4.6 IDENTIFICAR E NOMEAR MEDIDAS ACTUAIS E /OU PLANEADAS PARA O ENVOLVIMENTO E PARTICIPAÇÃO DE AUTORIDADES E ENTIDADES PÚBLICAS , COMUNIDADES LOCAIS E ENTIDADES PRIVADAS , NO PLANEAMENTO E IMPLEMENTAÇÃO DAS FUNÇÕES DE RESERVA DA BIOSFERA .................................... 11 4.7 MECANISMOS DE IMPLEMENTAÇÃO .......................................................................................... 11 5. APOIOS............................................................................................................................................. 13 5.1 ASSINATURA DA (S) AUTORIDADES RESPONSÁVEIS PELA GESTÃO DAS ZONAS NÚCLEO ............... 13 5.2 ASSINATURA DA (S) AUTORIDADES RESPONSÁVEIS PELA GESTÃO DAS ZONAS TAMPÃO ............... 13 5.3 ASSINATURA DA (S) AUTORIDADES NACIONAL (P AÍS OU REGIÃO ) DE ADMINISTRAÇÃO RESPONSÁVEIS PELA GESTÃO DAS ZONAS NÚCLEO E TAMPÃO ...................................................................................... 13 5.4 ASSINATURA DA (S) AUTORIDADES , GOVERNO LOCAL ELEITO OU REPRESENTANTE DAS COMUNIDADES LOCALIZADAS NAS ZONAS DE TRANSIÇÃO ........................................................................ 13 5.5 ASSINATURA EM NOME DO COMITÉ NACIONAL DO MAB............................................................ 13 6 LOCALIZAÇÃO............................................................................................................................. 15 7 ÁREA ............................................................................................................................................ 15 7.1 DIMENSÃO DAS ZONAS NÚCLEO ............................................................................................... 15 7.2 DIMENSÃO DA ZONA TAMPÃO .................................................................................................. 15 7.3 DIMENSÃO DA ZONA DE TRANSIÇÃO ......................................................................................... 15 7.4 JUSTIFICAÇÃO DO ZONAMENTO ............................................................................................... 15 8 REGIÃO BIOGEOGRÁFICA ........................................................................................................ 17 9 HISTÓRIA DA UTILIZAÇÃO DOS TERRENOS .......................................................................... 17 10 POPULAÇÃO DA RESERVA DA BIOSFERA CANDIDATA........................................................ 19 10.1 ZONAS NÚCLEO ..................................................................................................................... 19 10.2 ZONAS TAMPÃO ..................................................................................................................... 19 10.3 ZONAS DE TRANSIÇÃO ............................................................................................................ 19 10.4 BREVE DESCRIÇÃO DAS COMUNIDADES LOCAIS QUE RESIDEM DENTRO OU PRÓXIMAS DA RESERVA DA BIOSFERA CANDIDATA ..................................................................................................................... 20 10.5 NOME DA CIDADE MAIS PRÓXIMA ............................................................................................. 20 10.6 SIGNIFICÂNCIA CULTURAL ....................................................................................................... 20 Candidatura das Berlengas – Programa “O Homem e a Biosfera” da UNESCO Pág. vii 11 CARACTERÍSTICAS FÍSICAS ..................................................................................................... 24 11.1 DESCRIÇÃO GERAL DAS CARACTERÍSTICAS DO LOCAL E DA TOPOGRAFIA DA ÁREA ...................... 24 11.1.1 Elevação mais alta acima do nível do mar.................................................................. 24 11.1.2 Elevação mais baixa acima do nível do mar ............................................................... 24 11.1.3 Máximo de profundidade abaixo do nível médio do mar ............................................ 24 11.2 CLIMA .................................................................................................................................... 24 11.2.1 Temperatura média do mês mais quente .......................................................................... 27 11.2.2 Temperatura média do mês mais frio ................................................................................ 27 11.2.3 Precipitação média anual................................................................................................... 27 11.2.4 Se existir uma estação meteorológica na reserva da Biosfera candidata, ou próxima, indicar o ano a partir do qual os dados climatéricos foram registados......................................... 27 11.3 GEOLOGIA , GEOMORFOLOGIA , SOLOS ..................................................................................... 27 11.4 CARACTERIZAÇÃO OCEANOGRÁFICA ........................................................................................ 33 11.4.1 Caracterização das massas de água. ......................................................................... 33 11.4.2 Caracterização do sistema de correntes..................................................................... 33 11.4.3 Influência do Canhão da Nazaré ................................................................................. 38 12 CARACTERÍSTICAS BIOLÓGICAS............................................................................................. 38 12.1 ÁREA TERRESTRE .................................................................................................................
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