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Revista Istorică REVISTA ISTORICĂ SERIE NOUĂ TOMUL XX, NR. 1–2 ianuarie–aprilie 2009 S U M A R PROPAGANDĂ ŞI DIPLOMAŢIE CEZAR MÂŢĂ, NAGY PIENARU, Propaganda Ungariei versus România. Documente ale Serviciului Special de Informaţii (1941–1943) (II) ........................................................ 5 DANIEL HRENCIUC, Relaţiile dintre România şi Polonia (1919–1931). Privire de ansamblu 39 ROBIA ŢIGANILOR – NOI ABORDĂRI RALUCA TOMI, Aboliţionismul românesc la 1848. Influenţe, trăsături .................................. 47 VENERA ACHIM, Emanciparea ţiganilor şi programul legislativ al guvernului provizoriu din 1848 ................................................................................................................................ 63 FLORINA MANUELA CONSTANTIN, Robia în pravilele româneşti ale secolului al XVII-lea. Îndreptarea Legii (1652) ................................................................................................. 73 PETRE MATEI, Apariţia poreclei „gaşper” pentru ţigani în spaţiul românesc .......................... 101 EDUCAŢIE ŞI CERCETARE CRISTIAN VASILE, Sistemul de învăţământ românesc în epoca stalinistă (1947–1953). Consideraţii .................................................................................................................... 115 ROBERT PĂIUŞAN, Institutul Economic Românesc. Organizare, preocupări ........................ 139 ORIENTUL ONIRIC LIVIU BORDAŞ, Originile monahismului oriental. Dora d’Istria, India şi ortodoxia la 1850 (I) ...... 151 „Revista istorică”, tom XX, 2009, nr. 1–2, p. 1–206 2 SURSE ŞI METODE IRINA GAVRILĂ, Consideraţii metodologice asupra bazelor de date istorice.......................... 169 NOTE ŞI RECENZII * * * Reconstituiri necesare. Şedinţa din 27 iunie 1952 a Uniunilor de creaţie din România, ed. MIHAELA CRISTEA, pref. MARIUS OPREA, Edit. Polirom, Iaşi, 2005, 228 p. (Cristian Vasile); DAN BERINDEI, Les Roumains en Europe au XIXe siècle. Études et essais historiques, Edit. Academiei Române, Bucureşti, 2008, 696 p. (Daniela Buşă); DAVID W. BLIGHT, A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation, Harcourt, Orlando, Austin, New York, San Diego, London, 2007, XI + 308 p. + 16 pl. foto (Viorel Achim); VICTOR COROIANU, Indienii nord-americani. Triburi, şefi de trib, tradiţie şi cultură, Edit. Gutinul, Baia Mare, 2003, 320 p. + il. (Adrian-Silvan Ionescu); ŞTEFAN DELUREANU, Garibaldi între mit şi istorie, Edit. Paideia, Bucureşti, 2007, 216 p. (Raluca Tomi); LUC FERRY, MARCEL GAUCHET, Le religieux après la religion, Grasset, Paris, 2004, 146 p. (Iuliana Conovici); VASILE PÂRVAN, Scrisori inedite – Lettere inedite, ed. ION BULEI, Institutul Cultural Român, Bucureşti, 2007, 116 p. (Andrei Pippidi); VLADIMIR TISMĂNEANU, CRISTIAN VASILE, Perfectul acrobat. Leonte Răutu, măştile răului, Edit. Humanitas, Bucureşti, 2000, 464 p. (Apostol Stan); RADU ŞTEFAN VERGATTI, Din problematica umanismului românesc, cuvânt înainte de ŞTEFAN ŞTEFĂNESCU, Edit. Top Form, Bucureşti, 2007, 80 p. (Bogdan Popa) ...... 189 HISTORICAL REVIEW NEW SERIES TOME XX, Nos. 1–2 January–April 2009 C O N T E N T S PROPAGANDA AND DIPLOMACY CEZAR MÂŢĂ, NAGY PIENARU, Hungary’s Propaganda versus Romania. Documents of the Special Intelligence Service (1941–1943) (II) .......................................................... 5 DANIEL HRENCIUC, The Relations Between Romania and Poland (1919–1931). A Survey 39 GYPSY SLAVERY – NEW APPROACHES RALUCA TOMI, Romanian Abolitionism in 1848. Influences and Characteristics ................. 47 VENERA ACHIM, The Emancipation of the Gypsies and the Legislative Program of the Provisory Government of 1848 ........................................................................................ 63 FLORINA MANUELA CONSTANTIN, Slavery in Seventeenth Century Romanian Law. Îndreptarea Legii (1652) ................................................................................................ 73 PETRE MATEI, The Emergence of the Sobriquet “Gaşper” Given to Roma in the Romanian Principalities ................................................................................................................... 101 EDUCATION AND RESEARCH CRISTIAN VASILE, The Romanian Educational System During the Stalinist Epoch (1947– 1953). Considerations ..................................................................................................... 115 ROBERT PĂIUŞAN, The Romanian Economic Institute. Organization and Activities ........... 139 THE ONEIRIC EAST LIVIU BORDAŞ, The Origins of Oriental Monasticism. Dora d’Istria, India and the Orthodox Christianity in the 1850s (I) ............................................................................................ 151 „Revista istorică”, tom XX, 2009, nr. 1–2, p. 1–206 4 SOURCES AND METHODS IRINA GAVRILĂ, Methodological Considerations on Historical Databases ........................... 169 NOTES AND REVIEWS * * * Reconstituiri necesare. Şedinţa din 27 iunie 1952 a Uniunilor de creaţie din România (Required Reconstructions. The Meeting of 27 June 1952 of the Unions of Creation of Romania), ed. by MIHAELA CRISTEA, pref. by MARIUS OPREA, Edit. Polirom, Iaşi, 2005, 228 pp. (Cristian Vasile); DAN BERINDEI, Les Roumains en Europe au XIXe siècle. Études et essais historiques, Edit. Academiei Române, Bucureşti, 2008, 696 pp. (Daniela Buşă); DAVID W. BLIGHT, A Slave No More: Two Men Who Escaped to Freedom, Including Their Own Narratives of Emancipation, Harcourt, Orlando, Austin, New York, San Diego, London, 2007, XI + 308 pp. + 16 photographs (Viorel Achim); VICTOR COROIANU, Indienii nord-americani. Triburi, şefi de trib, tradiţie şi cultură (The North-American Indians. Tribes, Tribal Chiefs, Tradition and Culture), Edit. Gutinul, Baia Mare, 2003, 320 pp. + ills. (Adrian-Silvan Ionescu); ŞTEFAN DELUREANU, Garibaldi între mit şi istorie (Garibaldi, Between Myth and History), Edit. Paideia, Bucureşti, 2007, 216 pp. (Raluca Tomi); LUC FERRY, MARCEL GAUCHET, Le religieux après la religion, Grasset, Paris, 2004, 146 pp. (Iuliana Conovici); VASILE PÂRVAN, Scrisori inedite – Lettere inedite, ed. by ION BULEI, Institutul Cultural Român, Bucureşti, 2007, 116 pp. (Andrei Pippidi); VLADIMIR TISMĂNEANU, CRISTIAN VASILE, Perfectul acrobat. Leonte Răutu, măştile răului (The Accomplished Acrobat. Leonte Răutu and the Masks of Evil), Edit. Humanitas, Bucureşti, 2000, 464 pp. (Apostol Stan); RADU ŞTEFAN VERGATTI, Din problematica umanismului românesc (Issues Pertaining to Romanian Humanism), Foreword by ŞTEFAN ŞTEFĂNESCU, Edit. Top Form, Bucureşti, 2007, 80 pp. (Bogdan Popa) ................................................................................................................ 189 PROPAGANDĂ ŞI DIPLOMAŢIE PROPAGANDA UNGARIEI VERSUS ROMÂNIA. DOCUMENTE ALE SERVICIULUI SPECIAL DE INFORMAŢII (1941–1943) (II) CEZAR MÂŢĂ, NAGY PIENARU În cursul anilor 1942 şi 1943 spionajul şi propaganda ungară şi-au multiplicat activităţile ce vizau România. Doar în intervalul februarie–iulie 1942 au fost depistate şi anihilate 4 reţele de spionaj infiltrate în zona frontalieră vestică1. Printr-o notă alcătuită de Serviciul Special de Informaţii la 27 iulie 1942 se aducea la cunoştinţa Preşedinţiei Consiliului de Miniştri despre înmulţirea provocărilor ungurilor la adresa României pe trei direcţii: intensificarea propagandei negative asupra României şi a conducătorilor ei; accentuarea prigoanei românilor din teritoriile ocupate de unguri şi escaladarea incidentelor de la hotarul comun. Aceste provocări erau consecinţa unei vaste operaţiuni dirijate coordonat spre un ţel clar, constituirea Ungariei Mari prin anexarea în totalitate a Transilvaniei. Elaboratorii notei, pe baza informaţiilor receptate, avertizau atât despre accentuarea propagandei revizioniste ungare, dublată de o operaţiune diplomatică ocultă menită să izoleze România şi să-i capteze pe decidenţii politici internaţionali spre varianta integrării Transilvaniei la Ungaria în harta Europei postbelice, cât şi despre consistenţa pregătirilor militare din Ungaria, ajungând la două concluzii îngemănate: în primul rând că liderii de la Budapesta considerau că momentul decisiv pentru destinul Transilvaniei este proxim, iar în al doilea rând că ungurii erau decişi să recurgă la măsuri extreme pentru dobândirea unei sentinţe favorabile Ungariei. Având acest ţel, propaganda ungară defăima încontinuu şi perseverent România în mass-media din Europa şi America pentru a juxtapune şi impune în conştiinţa publică internaţională „rolul istoric” sau de „factor civilizator” jucat de Ungaria în Europa. În mod abil, pentru a da campaniei de propagandă un caracter de obiectivitate, revizioniştii unguri utilizau organe de presă, publicaţii şi personalităţi din 1 Cristian Troncotă, Eugen Cristescu – asul serviciilor secrete româneşti. Memorii, mărturii, documente, Bucureşti, 1994, p. 57–58. Evident, şi românii spionau clandestin în Ungaria. În iunie 1943 biroul Agenturii Frontului de Vest, prin rezidentul său din Oradea, a capturat copia fotografică a tabelelor efectivelor de pace ale unităţilor ungare. Evenimentul este mărturisit în memoriile lui Ion Lissievici (adjunctul lui Eugen Cristescu), Glorie şi tragedii. Momente din istoria Serviciilor de informaţii şi contrainformaţii române pe Frontul de Est (1941–1944), Bucureşti, 2003, p. 173. „Revista istorică”, tom XX, 2009, nr. 1–2, p. 5–37 6 Cezar Mâţă, Nagy Pienaru 2 exterior, ale căror afirmaţii erau reluate de presa ungară ca ştiri din arena externă, ce confirmau justeţea pretenţiilor anexioniste ale Ungariei. Totodată, se remarca,
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