The Provision of Lesbian Fiction in Public Libraries in Scotland Will Answer the Three Following Research Questions
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THE PROVISION OF LESBIAN FICTION IN PULIC LIBRARIES IN SCOTLAND ALANNA BROADLEY This dissertation was submitted in part fulfilment of requirements for the degree of MSc Information and Library Studies DEPT. OF COMPUTER AND INFORMATION SCIENCES UNIVERSITY OF STRATHCLYDE SEPTEMBER 2015 i DECLARATION This dissertation is submitted in part fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of MSc of the University of Strathclyde. I declare that this dissertation embodies the results of my own work and that it has been composed by myself. Following normal academic conventions, I have made due acknowledgement to the work of others. I declare that I have sought, and received, ethics approval via the Departmental Ethics Committee as appropriate to my research. I give permission to the University of Strathclyde, Department of Computer and Information Sciences, to provide copies of the dissertation, at cost, to those who may in the future request a copy of the dissertation for private study or research. I give permission to the University of Strathclyde, Department of Computer and Information Sciences, to place a copy of the dissertation in a publicly available archive. (please tick) Yes [ ] No [ ] I declare that the word count for this dissertation (excluding title page, declaration, abstract, acknowledgements, table of contents, list of illustrations, references and appendices is 21806 I confirm that I wish this to be assessed as a Type 1 2 3 4 5 Dissertation (please circle). Signature: Date: ii ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would like to thank my supervisor, Professor Ian Ruthven, for his guidance throughout the dissertation, and my parents, Laura and Calum, for their support. iii ABSTRACT The aim of the research was to investigate the provision of lesbian fiction in Scottish public libraries and to make recommendations for improvements that were informed and justified by the value of providing lesbian fiction for lesbian women. Collection development policies and supplier selection practices were analysed to determine the level of consideration of LGBT materials and users in collection development while a quantitative checklist survey assessed holdings of recently published lesbian fiction. A survey questionnaire was also used to explore the value of reading lesbian fiction in the lives of lesbian women in order to justify its provision in public libraries. It was found that lesbian fiction is not always actively considered in collection development, and ineffective and inconsistent cataloguing practices are used. Recommendations include that approaches to collection development, including selection practices and cataloguing, need to become proactive in order to provide lesbian women with access to lesbian fiction, the value of which is suggested to be an improved reading experience, the sense of community and support the coming out process of lesbian women. iv TABLE OF CONTENTS INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................ 1 1.1. Aims and objectives .................................................................................................. 2 1.2. Research methods ..................................................................................................... 3 1.3. Terms used ................................................................................................................ 3 2. LITERATURE REVIEW ........................................................................................................ 5 2.1. Reading experiences of lesbian women ................................................................... 5 2.2. Information needs of lesbian women ...................................................................... 6 2.3. LGBT fiction in public libraries .................................................................................. 7 2.3.1. Lesbian fiction in Scottish public libraries ......................................................... 8 2.3.2. Professional policies in Scotland ....................................................................... 8 2.4. Collection development policies ............................................................................... 9 2.5. Selection practices .................................................................................................. 10 2.6. Barriers to LGBT collection development ............................................................... 11 2.7. Stock holdings ......................................................................................................... 12 2.8. Cataloguing .............................................................................................................. 13 2.9. Publishing industry .................................................................................................. 14 2.10. Research problem ................................................................................................ 14 3. METHODOLOGY ............................................................................................................. 16 3.1. Collection development .......................................................................................... 16 3.1.1. Research sample .............................................................................................. 16 3.1.2. Freedom of Information requests ................................................................... 19 3.1.3. Collection development measurement tool ................................................... 20 3.1.4. Collection development content analysis ....................................................... 24 3.1.5. Limitations of collection development research methods ............................. 24 3.2. Catalogue survey ..................................................................................................... 25 3.2.1. Lesbian fiction checklist ................................................................................... 25 3.2.2. Catalogue check ............................................................................................... 29 3.2.3. Catalogue survey analysis ................................................................................ 30 3.2.4. Limitations of the catalogue survey ................................................................ 30 3.3. Survey on reading lesbian fiction ............................................................................ 31 3.3.1. Rationale for questionnaire ............................................................................. 32 v 3.3.2. Questionnaire design ....................................................................................... 32 3.3.3. Questionnaire ethics ........................................................................................ 33 3.3.4. Questionnaire sample and procedure ............................................................. 34 3.3.5. Questionnaire analysis ..................................................................................... 35 3.3.6. Limitations of questionnaire ........................................................................... 36 4. FINDINGS: COLLECTION DEVELOPMENT AND CATALOGUE CHECK .............................. 37 4.1. Collection development policies ................................................................................ 37 4.1.1. LGBT consideration in collection development policies ................................. 38 4.1.2. Cultural diversity in collection development policies ..................................... 38 4.2. Supplier selection .................................................................................................... 39 4.3. Further LGBT consideration in collection development ........................................ 40 4.4. Catalogue survey ..................................................................................................... 42 4.4.1. Checklist findings by library service ................................................................ 42 4.4.2. Checklist findings by genre .............................................................................. 45 4.4.3. Checklist subject access headings analysis ...................................................... 48 4.4.4. Lesbian fiction subject search .......................................................................... 49 4.4.5. Brighton and Hove Libraries comparison ........................................................ 52 4.5. Collection development and catalogue check summary ....................................... 52 5. FINDINGS: QUESTIONNAIRE .......................................................................................... 54 5.1. Demographics of sample ......................................................................................... 54 5.2. Importance of reading ............................................................................................ 55 5.2.1. Genres of reading ............................................................................................. 56 5.3. Definitions of lesbian fiction ................................................................................... 57 5.4. Reading lesbian fiction ............................................................................................ 58 5.4.1. Reasons for reading lesbian fiction ................................................................. 60 5.4.2. Habits, preferences and experiences .............................................................. 61 5.4.3. Visibility of