Characterizing Peer-Level Performance of Bittorrent
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OES 2 SP3: Novell CIFS for Linux Administration Guide 9.2.1 Mapping Drives from a Windows 2000 Or XP Client
www.novell.com/documentation Novell CIFS Administration Guide Open Enterprise Server 2 SP3 May 03, 2013 Legal Notices Novell, Inc., makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents or use of this documentation, and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Novell, Inc., reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes to its content, at any time, without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revisions or changes. Further, Novell, Inc., makes no representations or warranties with respect to any software, and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Novell, Inc., reserves the right to make changes to any and all parts of Novell software, at any time, without any obligation to notify any person or entity of such changes. Any products or technical information provided under this Agreement may be subject to U.S. export controls and the trade laws of other countries. You agree to comply with all export control regulations and to obtain any required licenses or classification to export, re-export or import deliverables. You agree not to export or re-export to entities on the current U.S. export exclusion lists or to any embargoed or terrorist countries as specified in the U.S. export laws. You agree to not use deliverables for prohibited nuclear, missile, or chemical biological weaponry end uses. See the Novell International Trade Service Web page (http://www.novell.com/info/exports/) for more information on exporting Novell software. -
Shared Resource Matrix Methodology: an Approach to Identifying Storage and Timing Channels
Shared Resource Matrix Methodology: An Approach to Identifying Storage and Timing Channels RICHARD A. KEMMERER University of California, Santa Barbara Recognizing and dealing with storage and timing channels when performing the security analysis of a computer system is an elusive task. Methods for discovering and dealing with these channels have mostly been informal, and formal methods have been restricted to a particular specification language. A methodology for discovering storage and timing channels that can be used through all phases of the software life cycle to increase confidence that all channels have been identified is presented. The methodology is presented and applied to an example system having three different descriptions: English, formal specification, and high-order language implementation. Categories and Subject Descriptors: C.2.0 [Computer-Communication Networks]: General--se- curity and protection; D.4.6 ]Operating Systems]: Security and Protection--information flow controls General Terms: Security Additional Key Words and Phrases: Protection, confinement, flow analysis, covert channels, storage channels, timing channels, validation 1. INTRODUCTION When performing a security analysis of a system, both overt and covert channels of the system must be considered. Overt channels use the system's protected data objects to transfer information. That is, one subject writes into a data object and another subject reads from the object. Subjects in this context are not only active users, but are also processes and procedures acting on behalf of the user. The channels, such as buffers, files, and I/O devices, are overt because the entity used to hold the information is a data object; that is, it is an object that is normally viewed as a data container. -
Shared Resource
Shared resource In computing, a shared resource, or network share, is a computer resource made available from one host to other hosts on a computer network.[1][2] It is a device or piece of information on a computer that can be remotely accessed from another computer transparently as if it were a resource in the local machine. Network sharing is made possible by inter-process communication over the network.[2][3] Some examples of shareable resources are computer programs, data, storage devices, and printers. E.g. shared file access (also known as disk sharing and folder sharing), shared printer access, shared scanner access, etc. The shared resource is called a shared disk, shared folder or shared document The term file sharing traditionally means shared file access, especially in the context of operating systems and LAN and Intranet services, for example in Microsoft Windows documentation.[4] Though, as BitTorrent and similar applications became available in the early 2000s, the term file sharing increasingly has become associated with peer-to-peer file sharing over the Internet. Contents Common file systems and protocols Naming convention and mapping Security issues Workgroup topology or centralized server Comparison to file transfer Comparison to file synchronization See also References Common file systems and protocols Shared file and printer access require an operating system on the client that supports access to resources on a server, an operating system on the server that supports access to its resources from a client, and an application layer (in the four or five layer TCP/IP reference model) file sharing protocol and transport layer protocol to provide that shared access. -
Resource Management in Multimedia Networked Systems
University of Pennsylvania ScholarlyCommons Technical Reports (CIS) Department of Computer & Information Science May 1994 Resource Management in Multimedia Networked Systems Klara Nahrstedt University of Pennsylvania Ralf Steinmetz University of Pennsylvania Follow this and additional works at: https://repository.upenn.edu/cis_reports Recommended Citation Klara Nahrstedt and Ralf Steinmetz, "Resource Management in Multimedia Networked Systems ", . May 1994. University of Pennsylvania Department of Computer and Information Science Technical Report No. MS-CIS-94-29. This paper is posted at ScholarlyCommons. https://repository.upenn.edu/cis_reports/331 For more information, please contact [email protected]. Resource Management in Multimedia Networked Systems Abstract Error-free multimedia data processing and communication includes providing guaranteed services such as the colloquial telephone. A set of problems have to be solved and handled in the control-management level of the host and underlying network architectures. We discuss in this paper 'resource management' at the host and network level, and their cooperation to achieve global guaranteed transmission and presentation services, which means end-to-end guarantees. The emphasize is on 'network resources' (e.g., bandwidth, buffer space) and 'host resources' (e.g., CPU processing time) which need to be controlled in order to satisfy the Quality of Service (QoS) requirements set by the users of the multimedia networked system. The control of the specified esourr ces involves three actions: (1) properly allocate resources (end-to-end) during the multimedia call establishment, so that traffic can flow according to the QoS specification; (2) control resource allocation during the multimedia transmission; (3) adapt to changes when degradation of system components occurs. -
Novell Cluster Services,. for Linux. and Netware
Novell Cluster Services,. for Linux. and NetWare. ROB BASTIAANSEN SANDER VAN VUGT Novell PRESS. Novell. Published by Pearson Education, Inc. 800 East 96th Street, Indianapolis, Indiana 46240 USA Table of Contents Introduction 1 CHAPTER 1: Introduction to Clustering and High Availability 5 Novell Cluster Services Defined 5 Shared Disk Access 6 Secondary IP Addresses 7 Clustering Terminology 8 High-Availability Solutions Overview 12 Novell Cluster Services 12 Business Continuity Clustering 13 PolyServe Matrix Server 15 Heartbeat Subsystem for High-Availability Linux 16 When Not to Cluster Applications 16 Availability Defined 18 High Availability Defined 18 Calculating Average Downtime 21 Avoiding Downtime 22 Hardware 22 Environment 23 Software 23 Procedures 24 Novell Cluster Services Requirements 24 Hardware Requirements 24 Software Requirements 26 CHAPTER 2: Examining Novell Cluster Services Architecture 27 Novell Cluster Services Objects and Modules 27 Cluster eDirectory Objects 28 Cluster Modules 31 IH Novell Cluster Services for Linux and NetWare Heartbeats, Epoch Numbers, and the Split Brain Detector 35 Removing a Failing Slave Node 36 Removing a Failed Master Node 37 Summary 37 CHAPTER 3: Clustering Design 39 Cluster Design Guidelines 39 How Many Nodes to Choose 39 Using a Heartbeat LAN or Not 40 Use NIC Teaming 41 Choosing Storage Methods 42 Mirror the Split Brain Detector Partition 48 Selecting Applications to Run in a Cluster 48 eDirectory Cluster Guidelines 50 Creating a Failover Matrix 52 Application-Specific Design Guidelines -
Novell® Platespin® Recon 3.7.4 User Guide 5.6.4 Printing and Exporting Reports
www.novell.com/documentation User Guide Novell® PlateSpin® Recon 3.7.4 September 2012 Legal Notices Novell, Inc., makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents or use of this documentation, and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Novell, Inc., reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes to its content, at any time, without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revisions or changes. Further, Novell, Inc., makes no representations or warranties with respect to any software, and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Novell, Inc., reserves the right to make changes to any and all parts of Novell software, at any time, without any obligation to notify any person or entity of such changes. Any products or technical information provided under this Agreement may be subject to U.S. export controls and the trade laws of other countries. You agree to comply with all export control regulations and to obtain any required licenses or classification to export, re-export or import deliverables. You agree not to export or re-export to entities on the current U.S. export exclusion lists or to any embargoed or terrorist countries as specified in the U.S. export laws. You agree to not use deliverables for prohibited nuclear, missile, or chemical biological weaponry end uses. See the Novell International Trade Services Web page (http://www.novell.com/info/exports/) for more information on exporting Novell software. -
The Pirate Bay Liability
THE PIRATE BAY LIABILITY University of Oslo Faculty of Law Candidate name: Angela Sobolciakova Supervisor: Jon Bing Deadline for submission: 12/01/2011 Number of words: 16,613 10.12.2011 Abstract The thesis discuses about peer-to-peer technology and easy availability of an Internet access which are prerequisites to a rapid growth of sharing data online. File sharing activities are managing without the copyright holder‟s permission and so there is a great opportunity of infringing exclusive rights. The popular pee-to-peer website which is enabling immediate file sharing is for example www.thepiratebay.org – the object of this thesis. The copyright law is obviously breaching by end users who are committing these acts. However, on the following pages we are dealing with the third party liability – liability of online intermediaries for unlawful acts committed by their users. A file sharing through the pee-to-peer networks brings benefits for the Internet users. They need no special knowledge in order to learn how to use the technology. The service of www.thepiratebay.org website is offering simultaneously users an access to a broad spectrum of legal content and a copyright protected works. The service is mainly free of charge and the users can find a data they are interested in quickly and in a users‟ friendly format. The aim of the thesis is to compare the actual jurisprudential status of liability of intermediary information society service providers for the file sharing activities on www.thepiratebay.org. 2 Acknowledgement I would like to thank Professor Jon Bing, I am grateful to him for supervising the thesis. -
A Study of Peer-To-Peer Systems
A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems JIA, Lu A Thesis Submitted in Partial Fulfilment of the Requirements for the Degree of Master of Philosophy in Information Engineering The Chinese University of Hong Kong August 2009 Abstract of thesis entitled: A Study of Peer-to-Peer Systems Submitted by JIA, Lu for the degree of Master of Philosophy at The Chinese University of Hong Kong in June 2009 Peer-to-peer (P2P) systems have evolved rapidly and become immensely popular in Internet. Users in P2P systems can share resources with each other and in this way the server loading is reduced. P2P systems' good performance and scalability attract a lot of interest in the research community as well as in industry. Yet, P2P systems are very complicated systems. Building a P2P system requires carefully and repeatedly thinking and ex- amining architectural design issues. Instead of setting foot in all aspects of designing a P2P system, this thesis focuses on two things: analyzing reliability and performance of different tracker designs and studying a large-scale P2P file sharing system, Xun- lei. The "tracker" of a P2P system is used to lookup which peers hold (or partially hold) a given object. There are various designs for the tracker function, from a single-server tracker, to DHT- based (distributed hash table) serverless systems. In the first part of this thesis, we classify the different tracker designs, dis- cuss the different considerations for these designs, and provide simple models to evaluate the reliability of these designs. Xunlei is a new proprietary P2P file sharing protocol that has become very popular in China. -
Server I/O Networks Past, Present, and Future Renato John Recio Chief Architect, IBM Eserver I/O IBM Systems Group, Austin, Texas [email protected]
Server I/O Networks Past, Present, and Future Renato John Recio Chief Architect, IBM eServer I/O IBM Systems Group, Austin, Texas [email protected] Abstract • Low latency - the total time required to transfer the first bit of a message from the local application to the remote appli- Enterprise and technical customers place a diverse set of cation, including the transit times spent in intermediate requirements on server I/O networks. In the past, no single switches and I/O adapters. network type has been able to satisfy all of these requirements. As • High throughput - the number of small block transactions a result several fabric types evolved and several interconnects performed per second. The size and rate of small block I/O emerged to satisfy a subset of the requirements. Recently several depends on the workload and fabric type. A first level technologies have emerged that enable a single interconnect to be approximation of the I/O block size and I/O throughput rates required for various I/O workloads can be found in used as more than one fabric type. This paper will describe the “I/O Workload Characteristics of Modern Servers” [4]. requirements customers place on server I/O networks; the various • High bandwidth - the number of bytes per second sup- fabric types and interconnects that have been used to satisfy those ported by the network. Typically, used to gauge perfor- requirements; the technologies that are enabling network mance for large block data transfers. Peek bandwidth convergence; and how these new technologies are being deployed describes the bandwidth provided by a given link; whereas on various network families. -
NFS Gateway for Netware 6 Administration Guide October 22, 2003
Novell Confidential Manual (99a) 11 September 2003 Novell * NFS Gateway for NetWare® 6 www.novell.com ADMINISTRATION GUIDE October 22, 2003 Novell Confidential Manual (99a) 11 September 2003 Legal Notices Novell, Inc. makes no representations or warranties with respect to the contents or use of this documentation, and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Novell, Inc. reserves the right to revise this publication and to make changes to its content, at any time, without obligation to notify any person or entity of such revisions or changes. Further, Novell, Inc. makes no representations or warranties with respect to any software, and specifically disclaims any express or implied warranties of merchantability or fitness for any particular purpose. Further, Novell, Inc. reserves the right to make changes to any and all parts of Novell software, at any time, without any obligation to notify any person or entity of such changes. You may not export or re-export this product in violation of any applicable laws or regulations including, without limitation, U.S. export regulations or the laws of the country in which you reside. Copyright © 2003 Novell, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, photocopied, stored on a retrieval system, or transmitted without the express written consent of the publisher. U.S. Patent No. 5,157,663; 5,349,642; 5,455,932; 5,553,139; 5,553,143; 5,572,528; 5,594,863; 5,608,903;5,633,931; 5,652,859; 5,671,414; -
Torrent Crawler: a Tool for Collecting Information from Bittorrent Networks
Torrent Crawler: a tool for collecting information from BitTorrent networks Yeounoh Chung 1. Abstract structure and the unpredictability of the clients can cause problems in the network, making errors BitTorrent is a free peer-to-peer (P2P) difficult to detect and diagnosis. The reliance of a content-sharing application with a complex and node on node local views to maintain the overlay dynamic overlay structure due to loose coupling, high structure further compounds the problem. Defects or churn rate, and varying responsiveness of nodes. The anomalies such as partitioning in the overlay or load complexity and the dynamic nature of the overlay imbalance due to biased peer selection are structure can mask the problems in the network, undetectable without partial global information and a making errors difficult to detect and diagnosis in a good understanding of the various characteristics and timely manner. Furthermore, the heavy reliance of dynamic behaviors of the network. However, such an clients on the node local views compounds the understanding was often times missing or incorrectly problems such as partitioning in the network or load obtained from non-representative measurement imbalance due to biased peer selection. studies, in which a few instrumented clients were In an effort to provide the network with used to capture the desired properties. partial global information to resolve the network Collecting representative global information problems, this project looks into introducing a tool such as peer’s download rate, known neighboring that efficiently collects global information from peers, and the network’s churn rate, from the BitTorrent network. The tool, called Torrent Crawler complex and dynamic BitTorrent network is not (TC) uses a number of techniques to efficiently find simple. -
Casual Resource Sharing with Shared Virtual Folders
MASTER THESIS IN COMPUTER SCIENCE Casual Resource Sharing with Shared Virtual Folders Siri Birgitte Uldal June 15th, 2007 FACULTY OF SCIENCE Department of Computer Science University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø Casual Resource Sharing with Shared Virtual Folders Siri Birgitte Uldal June 15th, 2007 ___________________ University of Tromsø 2007 Abstract Proliferation of wireless networks has been a major trigger behind increased mobility of computing devices. Along with increased mobility come requests for ad-hoc exchange of resources between computing devices as an extension of humans interacting. We termed it casual resource sharing where resources in this thesis have been narrowed down to files only. We have named our casual resource sharing model for shared virtual folders (SVF). SVFs can be looked upon as a common repository much in the same way as the tuplespace model. The SVF members perceive the repository similarly to a common file directory on a server, while in reality all participating devices stores their own contribution of files. All types of files could be added to the repository and shared. To become a SVF member one needs to be invited by another member or initiate a SVF oneself. All members are free to withdraw their SVF membership whenever they wish. They are also free to log on to the SVF and log out as they please. The SVF cease to exist when the last member has drawn his membership. The SVF implements a simple versioning detection system to alert members when a file has been modified by another member. Feasibility of the model is demonstrated in a prototype implementation based on Java and the JXTA middleware, a peer-to-peer (P2P) infrastructure middleware supporting the Internet protocol.