Global Diversity of Sponges (Porifera)
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Reef Sponges of the Genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean
Zootaxa 3794 (3): 301–343 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3794.3.1 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:51852298-F299-4392-9C89-A6FD14D3E1D0 Reef sponges of the genus Agelas (Porifera: Demospongiae) from the Greater Caribbean FERNANDO J. PARRA-VELANDIA1,2, SVEN ZEA2,4 & ROB W. M. VAN SOEST3 1St John's Island Marine Laboratory, Tropical Marine Science Institute (TMSI), National University of Singapore, 18 Kent Ridge Road, Singapore 119227. E-mail: [email protected] 2Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Sede Caribe, Centro de Estudios en Ciencias del Mar—CECIMAR; c/o INVEMAR, Calle 25 2- 55, Rodadero Sur, Playa Salguero, Santa Marta, Colombia. E-mail: [email protected] 3Netherlands Centre for Biodiversity Naturalis, P.O.Box 9517 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. E-mail: [email protected] 4Corresponding author Table of contents Abstract . 301 Introduction . 302 The genus Agelas in the Greater Caribbean . 302 Material and methods . 303 Classification . 304 Phylum Porifera Grant, 1835 . 304 Class Demospongiae Sollas, 1875 . 304 Order Agelasida Hartman, 1980 . 304 Family Agelasidae Verrill, 1907 . 304 Genus Agelas Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 . 304 Agelas dispar Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 . 306 Agelas cervicornis (Schmidt, 1870) . 311 Agelas wiedenmayeri Alcolado, 1984. 313 Agelas sceptrum (Lamarck, 1815) . 315 Agelas dilatata Duchassaing & Michelotti, 1864 . 316 Agelas conifera (Schmidt, 1870). 318 Agelas tubulata Lehnert & van Soest, 1996 . 321 Agelas repens Lehnert & van Soest, 1998. 324 Agelas cerebrum Assmann, van Soest & Köck, 2001. 325 Agelas schmidti Wilson, 1902 . -
Distinguishing Characteristics of Sponges
Distinguishing characteristics of sponges Continue Sponges are amazing creatures with some unique characteristics. Here is a brief overview of sponges and their features. You are here: Home / Uncategorized / Characteristics of sponges: BTW, They are animals, NOT plants! Sponges are amazing creatures with some unique characteristics. Here is a brief overview of sponges and their features. Almost all of us are familiar with commercial sponges, which are used for various purposes, such as cleaning. There are several living sponges found in both seawater as well as fresh water. These living species are not plants, but are classified as porifera animals. The name of this branch is derived from the pores on the body of the sponge, and it means the bearer of pores in Greek. It is believed that there are about 5000 to 10,000 species of sponges, and most of them are found in seawater. So sponges are unique aquatic animals with some interesting characteristics. Would you like to write to us? Well, we are looking for good writers who want to spread the word. Get in touch with us and we'll talk... Let's work together! Sponges are mainly found as part of marine life; but, about 100 to 150 species can be found in fresh water. They may resemble plants, but are actually sessile animals (inability to move). Sponges are often found attached to rocks and coral reefs. You can find them in different forms. While some of them are tube-like and straight, some others have a fan-like body. Some are found as crusts on rocks. -
Taxonomy and Diversity of the Sponge Fauna from Walters Shoal, a Shallow Seamount in the Western Indian Ocean Region
Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region By Robyn Pauline Payne A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Magister Scientiae in the Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Supervisors: Dr Toufiek Samaai Prof. Mark J. Gibbons Dr Wayne K. Florence The financial assistance of the National Research Foundation (NRF) towards this research is hereby acknowledged. Opinions expressed and conclusions arrived at, are those of the author and are not necessarily to be attributed to the NRF. December 2015 Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region Robyn Pauline Payne Keywords Indian Ocean Seamount Walters Shoal Sponges Taxonomy Systematics Diversity Biogeography ii Abstract Taxonomy and diversity of the sponge fauna from Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount in the Western Indian Ocean region R. P. Payne MSc Thesis, Department of Biodiversity and Conservation Biology, University of the Western Cape. Seamounts are poorly understood ubiquitous undersea features, with less than 4% sampled for scientific purposes globally. Consequently, the fauna associated with seamounts in the Indian Ocean remains largely unknown, with less than 300 species recorded. One such feature within this region is Walters Shoal, a shallow seamount located on the South Madagascar Ridge, which is situated approximately 400 nautical miles south of Madagascar and 600 nautical miles east of South Africa. Even though it penetrates the euphotic zone (summit is 15 m below the sea surface) and is protected by the Southern Indian Ocean Deep- Sea Fishers Association, there is a paucity of biodiversity and oceanographic data. -
Examples of Sea Sponges
Examples Of Sea Sponges Startling Amadeus burlesques her snobbishness so fully that Vaughan structured very cognisably. Freddy is ectypal and stenciling unsocially while epithelial Zippy forces and inflict. Monopolistic Porter sailplanes her honeymooners so incorruptibly that Sutton recirculates very thereon. True only on water leaves, sea of these are animals Yellow like Sponge Oceana. Deeper dives into different aspects of these glassy skeletons are ongoing according to. Sponges theoutershores. Cell types epidermal cells form outer covering amoeboid cells wander around make spicules. Check how These Beautiful Pictures of Different Types of. To be optimal for bathing, increasing with examples of brooding forms tan ct et al ratios derived from other microscopic plants from synthetic sponges belong to the university. What is those natural marine sponge? Different types of sponges come under different price points and loss different uses in. Global Diversity of Sponges Porifera NCBI NIH. Sponges EnchantedLearningcom. They publish the outer shape of rubber sponge 1 Some examples of sponges are Sea SpongeTube SpongeVase Sponge or Sponge Painted. Learn facts about the Porifera or Sea Sponges with our this Easy mountain for Kids. What claim a course Sponge Acme Sponge Company. BG Silicon isotopes of this sea sponges new insights into. Sponges come across an incredible summary of colors and an amazing array of shapes. 5 Fascinating Types of what Sponge Leisure Pro. Sea sponges often a tube-like bodies with his tiny pores. Sponges The World's Simplest Multi-Cellular Creatures. Sponges are food of various nudbranchs sea stars and fish. Examples of sponges Answers Answerscom. Sponges info and games Sheppard Software. -
A Soft Spot for Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge Secondary Metabolite Distribution
marine drugs Review A Soft Spot for Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge Secondary Metabolite Distribution Adrian Galitz 1 , Yoichi Nakao 2 , Peter J. Schupp 3,4 , Gert Wörheide 1,5,6 and Dirk Erpenbeck 1,5,* 1 Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, Palaeontology & Geobiology, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany; [email protected] (A.G.); [email protected] (G.W.) 2 Graduate School of Advanced Science and Engineering, Waseda University, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan; [email protected] 3 Institute for Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), Carl-von-Ossietzky University Oldenburg, 26111 Wilhelmshaven, Germany; [email protected] 4 Helmholtz Institute for Functional Marine Biodiversity, University of Oldenburg (HIFMB), 26129 Oldenburg, Germany 5 GeoBio-Center, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München, 80333 Munich, Germany 6 SNSB-Bavarian State Collection of Palaeontology and Geology, 80333 Munich, Germany * Correspondence: [email protected] Abstract: Marine sponges are the most prolific marine sources for discovery of novel bioactive compounds. Sponge secondary metabolites are sought-after for their potential in pharmaceutical applications, and in the past, they were also used as taxonomic markers alongside the difficult and homoplasy-prone sponge morphology for species delineation (chemotaxonomy). The understanding Citation: Galitz, A.; Nakao, Y.; of phylogenetic distribution and distinctiveness of metabolites to sponge lineages is pivotal to reveal Schupp, P.J.; Wörheide, G.; pathways and evolution of compound production in sponges. This benefits the discovery rate and Erpenbeck, D. A Soft Spot for yield of bioprospecting for novel marine natural products by identifying lineages with high potential Chemistry–Current Taxonomic and Evolutionary Implications of Sponge of being new sources of valuable sponge compounds. -
New Species from the Deep Pacific Suggest That Carnivorous Sponges Date Back to the Early Jurassic. Some Deep-Sea Poecilosclerid
CORE Metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk Provided by Nature Precedings New species from the deep Pacific suggest that carnivorous sponges date back to the Early Jurassic. Jean Vacelet1 & Michelle Kelly2 1Centre d’Océanologie de Marseille, Aix-Marseille Université, CNRS UMR 6540 DIMAR, Station Marine d’Endoume, rue Batterie des Lions, 13007 Marseille, France ([email protected]) 2National Centre for Aquatic Biodiversity and Biosecurity, National Institute of Water & Atmospheric Research Ltd, P. O. Box 109-695, Newmarket, Auckland, New Zealand ([email protected]) Some deep-sea poecilosclerid sponges (Porifera) have developed a carnivorous feeding habit that is very surprising in sponges1. As shown by the typical morphology of their spicules, they most probably evolved from “normal sponges” under the difficult conditions of a deep-sea environment. Such evolution, which implies the loss of the diagnostic character of the phylum Porifera, i.e. a filter feeding habit through a complex aquiferous system, should be of great interest in the understanding of the origin of metazoans. Some scenarios, based on the hypothesis of the paraphyly of Porifera, allege that metazoans could derive from a sponge filter-feeding body plan. A difficulty, however, is to imagine the transition from a sponge grade of organization to other organization plans2. Carnivorous sponges demonstrate that a functional, non filter-feeding animal may derive from a conventional sponge body plan, albeit nothing is known of the age of this evolution. Here we report that newly discovered species of Chondrocladia from the deep Pacific display special spicules that were previously recorded only as isolated spicules from sediment dating back to the Early Jurassic and Miocene periods. -
Carnivorous Sponges of the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans
&DUQLYRURXVVSRQJHVRIWKH$WODQWLFDQG $UFWLF2FHDQV 3K\ORJHQ\WD[RQRP\GLVWULEXWLRQDQGPLFURELDODVVRFLDWLRQVRIWKH &ODGRUKL]LGDH 'HPRVSRQJLDH3RHFLORVFOHULGD -RQ7KRPDVVHQ+HVWHWXQ Dissertation for the degree of philosophiae doctor (PhD) at the University of Bergen 'LVVHUWDWLRQGDWH1RYHPEHUWK © Copyright Jon Thomassen Hestetun The material in this publication is protected by copyright law. Year: 2016 Title: Carnivorous sponges of the Atlantic and Arctic Oceans Phylogeny, taxonomy, distribution and microbial associations of the Cladorhizidae (Demospongiae, Poecilosclerida) Author: Jon Thomassen Hestetun Print: AiT Bjerch AS / University of Bergen 3 Scientific environment This PhD project was financed through a four-year PhD position at the University of Bergen, and the study was conducted at the Department of Biology, Marine biodiversity research group, and the Centre of Excellence (SFF) Centre for Geobiology at the University of Bergen. The work was additionally funded by grants from the Norwegian Biodiversity Centre (grant to H.T. Rapp, project number 70184219), the Norwegian Academy of Science and Letters (grant to H.T. Rapp), the Research Council of Norway (through contract number 179560), the SponGES project through Horizon 2020, the European Union Framework Programme for Research and Innovation (grant agreement No 679849), the Meltzer Fund, and the Joint Fund for the Advancement of Biological Research at the University of Bergen. 4 5 Acknowledgements I have, initially through my master’s thesis and now during these four years of my PhD, in all been involved with carnivorous sponges for some six years. Trying to look back and somehow summarizing my experience with this work a certain realization springs to mind: It took some time before I understood my luck. My first in-depth exposure to sponges was in undergraduate zoology, and I especially remember watching “The Shape of Life”, an American PBS-produced documentary series focusing on the different animal phyla, with an enthusiastic Dr. -
Tabachnickia Nom. Nov., a New Name for the Preoccupied Sponge Genus Platella Tabachnick, 1988 (Porifera: Hexactenellida)
_____________Mun. Ent. Zool. Vol. 5, No. 1, January 2010__________ 297 SCIENTIFIC NOTE TABACHNICKIA NOM. NOV., A NEW NAME FOR THE PREOCCUPIED SPONGE GENUS PLATELLA TABACHNICK, 1988 (PORIFERA: HEXACTENELLIDA) Hüseyin Özdikmen* * Gazi Üniversitesi, Fen-Edebiyat Fakültesi, Biyoloji Bölümü, 06500 Ankara / TÜRKİYE. E- mail: [email protected] [Özdikmen, H. 2010. Tabachnickia nom. nov., a new name for the preoccupied sponge genus Platella Tabachnick, 1988 (Porifera: Hexactenellida). Munis Entomology & Zoology, 5 (1): 297-298] Family HYALONEMATIDAE Genus TABACHNICKIA nom. nov. Platella Tabachnick, 1988. In Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Structural and functional researches of the marine benthos. Academy of Sciences of the USSR, Moscow: 52. (Porifera: Hexactenellida: Amphidiscophora: Amphidiscosida: Hyalonematidae). Preoccupied by Platella Coryell & Fields, 1937. Amer. Mus. Novit., no. 956, 3. (Crustaceae: Ostracoda: Podocopa: Platycopida: Platycopina: Cytherelloidea: Cytherellidae). Remarks on nomenclatural change: Tabachnick (1988) described a monotypic genus Platella for a sponge with the type species Platella polybasalia Tabachnick, 1988 by the original designation from Central Pacific. It is stil used as a valid genus name (e.g. Tabachnick & Menshenina, 2002). Unfortunately, the generic name was already preoccupied by Coryell & Fields (1937), who had described the genus Platella for a fossil ostracod with the type species Platella gatunensis Coryell & Fields, 1937 from Panama. Then Puri (1960) described a new species in the genus as Platella mulleri Puri, 1960. It was assigned to Cytherellidae by Benson et al. (1961); and to Platycopida by Sepkoski (2002). Thus, the genus name Platella Tabachnick, 1988 is a junior homonym of the genus name Platella Coryell & Fields, 1937. So I propose a new replacement name Tabachnickia nom. -
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS of the 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project
DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project March 2018 DEEP SEA LEBANON RESULTS OF THE 2016 EXPEDITION EXPLORING SUBMARINE CANYONS Towards Deep-Sea Conservation in Lebanon Project Citation: Aguilar, R., García, S., Perry, A.L., Alvarez, H., Blanco, J., Bitar, G. 2018. 2016 Deep-sea Lebanon Expedition: Exploring Submarine Canyons. Oceana, Madrid. 94 p. DOI: 10.31230/osf.io/34cb9 Based on an official request from Lebanon’s Ministry of Environment back in 2013, Oceana has planned and carried out an expedition to survey Lebanese deep-sea canyons and escarpments. Cover: Cerianthus membranaceus © OCEANA All photos are © OCEANA Index 06 Introduction 11 Methods 16 Results 44 Areas 12 Rov surveys 16 Habitat types 44 Tarablus/Batroun 14 Infaunal surveys 16 Coralligenous habitat 44 Jounieh 14 Oceanographic and rhodolith/maërl 45 St. George beds measurements 46 Beirut 19 Sandy bottoms 15 Data analyses 46 Sayniq 15 Collaborations 20 Sandy-muddy bottoms 20 Rocky bottoms 22 Canyon heads 22 Bathyal muds 24 Species 27 Fishes 29 Crustaceans 30 Echinoderms 31 Cnidarians 36 Sponges 38 Molluscs 40 Bryozoans 40 Brachiopods 42 Tunicates 42 Annelids 42 Foraminifera 42 Algae | Deep sea Lebanon OCEANA 47 Human 50 Discussion and 68 Annex 1 85 Annex 2 impacts conclusions 68 Table A1. List of 85 Methodology for 47 Marine litter 51 Main expedition species identified assesing relative 49 Fisheries findings 84 Table A2. List conservation interest of 49 Other observations 52 Key community of threatened types and their species identified survey areas ecological importanc 84 Figure A1. -
The Unique Skeleton of Siliceous Sponges (Porifera; Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) That Evolved first from the Urmetazoa During the Proterozoic: a Review” by W
Biogeosciences Discuss., 4, S262–S276, 2007 Biogeosciences www.biogeosciences-discuss.net/4/S262/2007/ BGD Discussions c Author(s) 2007. This work is licensed 4, S262–S276, 2007 under a Creative Commons License. Interactive Comment Interactive comment on “The unique skeleton of siliceous sponges (Porifera; Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) that evolved first from the Urmetazoa during the Proterozoic: a review” by W. E. G. Müller et al. W. E. G. Müller et al. Received and published: 3 April 2007 3rd April 2007 Full Screen / Esc From : Prof. Dr. W.E.G. Müller, Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Abteilung Ange- wandte Molekularbiologie, Universität, Duesbergweg 6, 55099 Mainz; GERMANY. tel.: Printer-friendly Version +49-6131-392-5910; fax.: +49-6131-392-5243; E-mail: [email protected] To the Editorial Board Interactive Discussion MS-NR: bgd-2006-0069 Discussion Paper S262 EGU Dear colleagues: BGD Thank you for your email from April 2nd informing me that our manuscript entitled: 4, S262–S276, 2007 The unique skeleton of siliceous sponges (Porifera; Hexactinellida and Demospongiae) that evolved first from the Urmetazoa during the Proterozoic: a review by: Werner E.G. Müller, Jinhe Li, Heinz C. Schröder, Li Qiao and Xiaohong Wang Interactive Comment which we submit for the Journal Biogeosciences must be revised. In the following we discuss point for point the arguments raised by the referees/reader. In detail: Interactive comment on “The unique skeleton of siliceous sponges (Porifera; Hex- actinellida and Demospongiae) that evolved first from the Urmetazoa during the Pro- terozoic: a review” by W. E. G. Müller et al. By: M. -
An Integrative Systematic Framework Helps to Reconstruct Skeletal
Dohrmann et al. Frontiers in Zoology (2017) 14:18 DOI 10.1186/s12983-017-0191-3 RESEARCH Open Access An integrative systematic framework helps to reconstruct skeletal evolution of glass sponges (Porifera, Hexactinellida) Martin Dohrmann1*, Christopher Kelley2, Michelle Kelly3, Andrzej Pisera4, John N. A. Hooper5,6 and Henry M. Reiswig7,8 Abstract Background: Glass sponges (Class Hexactinellida) are important components of deep-sea ecosystems and are of interest from geological and materials science perspectives. The reconstruction of their phylogeny with molecular data has only recently begun and shows a better agreement with morphology-based systematics than is typical for other sponge groups, likely because of a greater number of informative morphological characters. However, inconsistencies remain that have far-reaching implications for hypotheses about the evolution of their major skeletal construction types (body plans). Furthermore, less than half of all described extant genera have been sampled for molecular systematics, and several taxa important for understanding skeletal evolution are still missing. Increased taxon sampling for molecular phylogenetics of this group is therefore urgently needed. However, due to their remote habitat and often poorly preserved museum material, sequencing all 126 currently recognized extant genera will be difficult to achieve. Utilizing morphological data to incorporate unsequenced taxa into an integrative systematics framework therefore holds great promise, but it is unclear which methodological approach best suits this task. Results: Here, we increase the taxon sampling of four previously established molecular markers (18S, 28S, and 16S ribosomal DNA, as well as cytochrome oxidase subunit I) by 12 genera, for the first time including representatives of the order Aulocalycoida and the type genus of Dactylocalycidae, taxa that are key to understanding hexactinellid body plan evolution. -
Growth Inhibition of Red Abalone (Haliotis Rufescens) Infested with an Endolithic Sponge (Cliona Sp.)
GROWTH INHIBITION OF RED ABALONE (HALIOTIS RUFESCENS) INFESTED WITH AN ENDOLITHIC SPONGE (CLIONA SP.) By Kirby Gonzalo Morejohn A Thesis Presented to The Faculty of Humboldt State University In Partial Fulfillment Of the Requirements for the Degree Master of Science In Natural Resources: Biology May, 2012 GROWTH INHIBITION OF RED ABALONE (HALIOTIS RUFESCENS) INFESTED WITH AN ENDOLITHIC SPONGE (CLIONA SP.) HUMBOLDT STATE UNIVERSITY By Kirby Gonzalo Morejohn We certify that we have read this study and that it conforms to acceptable standards of scholarly presentation and is fully acceptable, in scope and quality, as a thesis for the degree of Master of Science. ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Sean Craig, Major Professor Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Tim Mulligan, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Frank Shaughnessy, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Laura Rogers-Bennett, Committee Member Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Michael Mesler, Graduate Coordinator Date ________________________________________________________________________ Dr. Jená Burges, Vice Provost Date ii ABSTRACT Understanding the effects of biotic and abiotic pressures on commercially important marine species is crucial to their successful management. The red abalone (Haliotis rufescensis) is a commercially