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Home , Alejandro Portes, Devah Pager, Patricia Hill Collins, Social stratification

*DISCLAIMER: Students planning to take the preliminary exam should verify with the graduate coordinator that the posted reading list is the most up to date version before they begin studying.

Stratification Preliminary Exam Reading List—Unformatted Draft Revised for 2016-2017

Note: Within each section (Foundations, Race, Class, , and ), there are readings that cover to some degree the following social and other sociological concepts: , , sexuality, comparative/global, government/the , attitudinal research, , and collective behavior.

FOUNDATIONS IN STRATIFICATION Note: The Foundations section of this list covers the following: Marx, Weber, Durkheim, neo- Marxists, neo-Weberians, neo-Durkheimians, the roots of American /stratification, articles/books that deal broadly in the sociological study of stratification, and the history of stratification and inequality. Block, Fred and Margaret R. Somers. 2014. The Power of Market Fundamentalism. Cambridge, MA: Press. Cox, Oliver C. [1948] 1959. , Class, & Race: A Study in . New York: Monthly Review Press. (Chapters 14, 15, 19, 21, 23, 25) Dahrendorf, Ralf. 2014. “Class and in Industrial .” Pp. 143–49 in : Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Davis, Kingsley and Wilbert E. Moore. 1945. “Some Principles of Stratification.” American Sociological Review 10(2):242–49. Domhoff, William. 2014. “Who Rules America?” Pp. 297–302 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Durkheim, Emile. 2014. “The Division of Labor in Society.” Pp. 217–22 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Giddens, Anthony. 2014a. “ and Power.” Pp. 292–96 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Giddens, Anthony. 2014b. “The Class Structure of the Advanced .” Pp. 183–92 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Kenworthy, Lane. 2007. “Inequality and Sociology.” American Behavioral Scientist 50(5):584–602. Lenski, Gerhard Emmanuel. 1966. Power and Privilege: A Theory of Social Stratification. North Carolina: UNC Press Books.

1 Marx, Karl. 2014a. “Alienation and Social Classes.” Pp. 127–31 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Marx, Karl. 2014b. “Classes in and Pre-Capitalism.” Pp. 131–41 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Marx, Karl. 2014c. “Ideology and Class.” Pp. 141–49 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Mills, C. Wright. 1999. The Power . New York: Oxford University Press. Retrieved March 22, 2016 (https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Kn_OAuktbq4C&oi=fnd&pg=PP7&dq=mills+ the+power+elite&ots=tHwBrJx6Ue&sig=q_PmsdZ7GRUlc7q3pdIUDB1379M). Sewell, William. 1992. A Theory of Structure: Duality, and Transformation. American Journal of Sociology. 98:1-29. Tumin, Melvin M. 1953. “Some Principles of Stratification: A Critical Analysis.” American Sociological Review 18(4):387–94. Wallerstein, Immanuel. 1979. The Capitalist World-Economy. Cambridge University Press. Retrieved March 22, 2016 (https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=5GppqmU13pIC&oi=fnd&pg=PR7&dq=imma nuel+wallerstein&ots=kb4rCbgf4e&sig=0JwlWfDx3NRNUD_qPkIh4cBaEPc). Weber, Max. 2014a. “Class, Status, Party.” Pp. 165–74 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Weber, Max. 2014b. “Open and Closed Relationships.” Pp. 179–82 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Weber, Max. 2014c. “Status Groups and Classes.” Pp. 175–78 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Wright, Erik Olin. 2002. “The Shadow of Exploitation in Weber’s Class Analysis.” American Sociological Review 67(6):832–53. Wright, Erik Olin. 2014. “A General Framework for the Analysis of Class Structure.” Pp. 149–61 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press.

2 RACE AND ETHNICITY

Racialization and Creation of Racial and Ethnic Categories

Almaguer, Tomas. 1994. Racial Fault Lines: The Historical Origins of White Supremacy in California. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Cainkar, Louise A. 2009. Homeland Insecurity: The Arab American and Muslim American Experience After 9/11. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation. [Chapters 1-2]

Cornell, Stephen, and Douglas Hartmann. 2007. Ethnicity and Race: Making Identities in a Changing World. 2nd Ed. Thousand Oaks: Pine Forge. [Chapter 2]

Davis, Angela. 1981. Women, Race & Class. New York: Vintage Books.

DuBois, W.E.B. [1903] 1993. The Souls of Black Folk. New York: Knopf. [Chapters 3, 5, 6, 9]

DuBois, W.E.B. [1897] 1971. “The Talented Tenth.” In A W.E.B. DuBois Reader, edited by Andrew G. Paschal. New York: Macmillan.

Franklin, John Hope and Alfred A. Moss. 1994. From to Freedom: A History of African Americans (Seventh Edition). New York: McGraw-Hill. [Chapters 13, 16, 19, 20]

Hall, Stuart. 1980. "Race, Articulation and Societies Structured in Dominance." in Sociological Theories: Race and Colonialism. Paris: UNESCO.

Harris, Cheryl I. 1993. “Whiteness as .” Harvard Law Review. 106(8): 1710-1791.

Lewis, Amanda. 2003. Race in the Schoolyard: Negotiating the Color Line in Classrooms and Communities. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

Montagu, Ashley. 1962. “The Concept of Race.” American Anthropologist. 64 (5), part 1: 919-928.

Omi, Michael and Howard Winant. 2015. Racial Formation in the United States: From the 1960s to the 1990s (Third Edition). New York: Routledge.

Thornton, Russell. 1987. American Indian Holocaust and Survival: A Population History Since 1492. Norman, OK: University of Oklahoma Press. [Chapters 1-2]

Tuan, Mia. 1998. Forever foreigners or honorary Whites?: The Asian ethnic experience today. New Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press.

Wade, Peter. 1997. “The Meaning of ‘Race’ and ‘Ethnicity.’” Pp. 5-24 in Race and Ethnicity in America. London: Pluto Press.

3

The Incorporation of Racial and Ethnic Groups

Blauner, Robert. 1969. “Internal Colonialism and Ghetto Revolt.” Social Problems 16:393-408.

Blauner, Robert. 1972. Racial in America. New York: Harper and Row. [Chapter 2]

Bonacich, Edna. 1972. “A Theory of Ethnic Antagonism: The Split Labor Market.” American Sociological Review 37:547-59.

Gordon, Milton M. 1960. “Assimilation in America: Theory and Reality.” Daedalus. 90: 262- 285.

Kim, Claire. (1999). “The racial triangulation of Asian Americans.” Politics & Society. 27(1):103-136.

Loewen, James. 1988. The Mississippi Chinese: Between Black and White. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press.

Lopez, David and Yen Espiritu. 1990. “Panethnicity in the United States: a theoretical framework.” Ethnic and Racial Studies. 13(2):198-224.

Steinberg, Stephen. 2001. The Ethnic : Race, Ethnicity, and Class in America (Third Edition). Boston: Beacon Press.

Race and Class

Collins, Sharon M. 1996. Black Corporate Executives: The Making and Breaking of a Black . : Temple University Press. Conley, Dalton. 1999. Being Black, Living in the Red: Race, , and Social Policy in America. Univ of California Press. Retrieved March 22, 2016 (https://books.google.com/books?hl=en&lr=&id=Ij1XXs8oK4IC&oi=fnd&pg=PA1&dq= dalton+conley+being+black&ots=25Bb4XGwyw&sig=m2pvHFnvmyB5QlklkDCJxeiZo WE). DuBois, W.E.B. [1899] 1973. The Philadelphia Negro. Millwood, NY: Kraus-Thomson Organization, Ltd. [Chapters 2, 12]

Gould, Mark. 1999. “Race and Theory: , , and Adaptation to in Wilson and Ogbu.” . 17(2):171-200. Huffman, Matt L. and Philip N. Cohen. 2004. “Racial Wage Inequality: Segregation and Devalutation across U.S. Labor Markets.” American Journal of Sociology 109(4):902–36. Johnson, Heather Beth. 2015. The and the Power of Wealth: Choosing Schools and Inheriting Inequality in the Land of Opportunity. 2nd Edition. New York: Routledge.

4

Jung, Moon-Kie. 2006. Reworking Race: The Making of ’s Interracial Labor Movement. New York, NY: Columbia University Press. Kirschenman, Joleen and Kathryn Neckerman. 1991. ‘We'd Love to Hire Them, but ...’: The Meaning of Race for Employers.” In Christopher Jencks and Paul Peterson, The Urban . Washington, DC: The Brookings Institute. Lareau, Annette. 2002. “Invisible Inequality: and Childrearing in Black and White Families.” American Sociological Review 67:747-76. MacLeod, Jay. 1995. Ain't No Makin' It: Aspirations and Attainment in a Low- Neighborhood. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Massey, Douglas S. and Nancy A. Denton. 1993. American Apartheid: Segregation and the Making of the Underclass. Harvard University Press. Retrieved March 22, 2016 Newman, K. S. and C. Ellis. 1999. “‘There’s No Shame in my Game’: Status and Stigma among Harlem’s ,” in The Cultural Territories of Race: Black and White Boundaries, edited by Michele Lamont. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Oliver, Melvin L. and Thomas M. Shapiro. 1995. Black Wealth/White Wealth: A New Perspective on Racial Inequality. New York: Routledge. (Chapters 1,2,6,7) Patillo-McCoy, Mary. 1999. Black Picket Fences: Privilege and Peril Among the Black Middle Class. Chicago, IL: University of Chicago Press.

Roediger, David. 1991. The Wages of Whiteness: Race and the Making of the American . New York, NY: Verso.

Small, Mario Luis and Katherine Newman. 2001. “Urban Poverty after The Truly Disadvantaged: The Rediscovery of the Family, the Neighborhood, and Culture.” Annual Review of Sociology 27:23-45. Telles, Edward E. and Edward Murguia. 1990. “Phenotypic Discrimination and Income Differences among Mexican Americans.” Quarterly. 71(4):682-686 Thomas, Melvin. 1993. “Race, Class and Personal Income: An Empirical Test of the Declining Significance of Race.” Social Problems 40:328-42. Wilson, William Julius. 1996. When Work Disappears: The World of the Urban Poor. New York: Vintage Books. Wilson, William Julius. 1978. The Declining Significance of Race: Blacks and Changing American Institutions. Chicago: University of Chicago Press. (Chapters 1 and 7) Young, Alford A., Jr. 1999. “The (Non)Accumulation of : Explicating the Relationships of Structure and Agency in the Lives of Poor Black Men.” Sociological Theory. 17(2):201-227.

5 Racial and Ethnic Identity

Gans, Herbert J. 1979. “Symbolic Ethnicity: The future of ethnic groups and in America.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 2(1):1-20.

Hughey, Matthew. W. 2010. “The (Dis)similarities of White Racial Identities: The Conceptual Framework of ‘Hegemonic Whiteness.” Ethnic & Racial Studies. 33(8): 1289-1309.

Lewis Amanda. (2004). “What Group? Studying Whiteness in the era of Colorblindness.” Sociological Theory. 22(4):623-646.

Lacy, Karen. 2004. “Black Spaces, Black Places: Strategic Assimilation and Identity Construction in Middle Class Suburbs.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 27(6): 908-930.

Nagel, Joane. 1999. “Constructing Ethnicity: Creating and Recreating Ethnic Identity and Culture,” Social Problems 41(1): 152-176.

Rockquemore, Kerry Ann and David L. Brunsma. 2002. "Socially Embedded Identities: Theories, Typologies and Processes of Racial Identity Among Biracials." The Sociological Quarterly 43(3): 335-356.

Waters, Mary C. 1999. Black Identities: West Indian Dreams and American Realities. Cambridge: Harvard University Press. [Chapter 3]

Prejudice, Discrimination, and

Allport, Gordon. 1954. The Nature of . Reading, MA: Addison-Wesley. [Chapter 16]

Blumer, Herbert (1958). “Race Prejudice as a Sense of Group Position.” Pacific Sociological Review, 1: 3-7.

Bobo, Lawrence, James Kluegel, and Ryan Smith. 1997. “Laissez-Faire Racism: The Crystallization of a Kinder, Gentler, Antiblack Ideology.” Pp. 15-44 in Racial Attitudes in the 1990s: Continuity and Change, edited by Stephen Tuch and Jack Martin. Westport, CT: Praeger.

Bobo, Lawrence. (1999). “Prejudice as group position: Microfoundations of a sociological approach to racism and race relations.” Journal of Social Issues. 55(3):445-472.

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 1997. “Rethinking Racism: Toward a structural analysis.” American Sociological Review. 62:465-480.

Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2001. White supremacy and racism in the post-civil era. Boulder, CO: Lynne Rienner Publishers. (Chapters 3-5).

6 Bonilla-Silva, Eduardo. 2014. Racism without Racists: Color-Blind Racism and the Persistence of Racial Inequality in America (4th Edition). Lanham, MD: Rowman & Littlefield.

Burton, Linda, Eduardo Bonilla-Silva, Victor Ray, Rose Buckelew and Elizabeth Hordge Freeman. 2010. “Critical Race Theories, Colorism, and the Decade’s Research on Families of Color.” Journal of and Family. 72(3): 440-459.

Dovidio, John (2001). “On the Nature of Contemporary Prejudice.” Journal of Social Issues. 57(4): 829-849.

Feagin, Joe R. 1991. “The Continuing Significance of Race: Antiblack Discrimination in Public Places.” American Sociological Review 56:101-16.

Forman, Tyrone. 2004. “Color-Blind Racism and Racial Indifference: The of Racial Apathy in Facilitating Enduring Inequalities” in The Changing Terrain of Race and Ethnicity, edited by Maria Krysan and Amanda E. Lewis. New York: Russell Sage Foundation.

Keith, Verna and Cedric Herring. 1991. “Skin Tone and Stratification in the Black Community. American Journal of Sociology. 97: 760-778.

Park, Robert Ezra. 1914. “Racial Assimilation in Secondary Groups: With Particular Reference to the Negro.” American Journal of Sociology 19:606-23.

Pincus, Fred. 1996. “Discrimination comes in many forms.” American Behavioral Scientist. 40(2):186-194.

Quillian. Lincoln. 2006. “New Approaches to Understanding Racial Prejudice and Discrimination.” Annual Review of Sociology. 32:299-328.

Schuman, Howard, et al. 1997. Racial Attitudes in America: Trends and Interpretations. (Revised edition). Cambridge: Harvard University Press. [Chapters 2, 3, 6]

Immigration and Migration

Donato, Katharine M. and Amada Armenta. 2011. “What We Know about Unauthorized Migration.” Annual Review of Sociology 37:529–43. Lieberson, Stanley. 1980. A Piece of the Pie: Black and White Immigrants Since 1880. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Massey, Douglas et al. 1993. “Theories of International Migration: A Review and Appraisal.” Population and Development Review 19(3): 431-466.

Portes, Alejandro, and Min Zhou. 1993. “The New Second Generation: Segmented Assimilation and its Variants.” Annals of the American Academy of Political and Social Sciences 530:74-96.

7 Portes, Alejandro and Robert D. Manning. 2014. “The Immigrant Enclave.” Pp. 710–19 in Social Stratification: Class, Race, and Gender in Sociological Perspective, edited by D. B. Grusky. Boulder, CO: Westview Press. Waters, Mary C. and Karl Eschbach. 1995. “Immigration and Ethnic and Racial Inequality in the United States.” Annual Review of Sociology 21:419–46.

Race and Social Institutions

Alexander, Michelle. 2010. The New Jim Crow: Mass Incarceration in the Age of Colorblindness. New York: The New Press. [Chapters 1-3]

Charles, Camille Zubrinsky. 2003. “The Dynamics of Racial Residential Segregation.” Annual Review of Sociology. 20:167-207.

Pager, Devah. 2003. “The Mark of a Criminal Record.” American Journal of Sociology 108:937-75.

Roberts, Dorothy. 2002. Shattered Bonds: The Color of Child Welfare. New York: Basic Books.

Wakefield, Sara and Christopher Uggen. 2010. “Incarceration and Stratification.” Annual review of sociology 36:387–406.

Class NOTE: The Class Section of the list is not broken down into subheadings at this time. Within this section are readings that cover the following topics important in the subfield of social class inequality: Measuring Social Class; Occupations; Work and Labor Markets; Education, Capital, and Social Capital; Family, Networks, and Neighborhoods; Cross-National/Comparative Stratification; and Status Attainment

Alderson, Arthur S. and François Nielsen. 2002. “ and the Great U‐Turn: Income Inequality Trends in 16 OECD Countries.” American Journal of Sociology 107(5):1244–99. Althauser, Robert P. 1989. “Internal Labor Markets.” Annual Review of Sociology 15:143–61. Baron, James N. and William T. Bielby. 1984. “The Organization of Work in a Segmented Economy.” American Sociological Review 49(4):454–73. Blau, Peter M. and Otis Dudley Duncan. 1967. “The American Occupational Structure.” Retrieved March 22, 2016 (http://eric.ed.gov/?id=ED066526). Bourdieu, Pierre. 1984. Distinction: A Social Critique of the Judgement of . Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press. Bourdieu, Pierre. 1977. “ and .” Pp. 487-511 in Power and Ideology in Education, edited by J. Karabel and A. H. Halsey. New York: Oxford University Press.

8 Brady, David. 2003. “Rethinking the Sociological Measurement of Poverty.” Social Forces 81(3):715–51. Bowles, Samuel and Herbert Gintis. 1976. Schooling in Capitalist America: Educational Reform and the Contradictions of Economic Life. New York: Basic Books. [Chapters 1-3]. Calarco, J.M. 2011. “I Need Help!” Social Class and Children’s Help-Seeking in Elementary School. American Sociological Review. 76(6): 862-882. Coleman, James S. 1988. “Social Capital in the Creation of Human Capital.” The American Journal of Sociology 94(Supplement):S95–120. Collins, Randall. 1971. “Functional and of Educational Stratification.” American Sociological Review 36(6):1002–19. Corcoran, Mary. 1995. “Rags to Rags: Poverty and Mobility in the United States.” Annual Review of Sociology 21:237–67. Downey, Douglas B., Paul T. von Hippel, and Beckett A. Broh. 2004. “Are Schools the Great Equalizer? Cognitive Inequality during the Summer Months and the School Year.” American Sociological Review 69(5):613–35. Erikson, Robert and John H. Goldthorpe. 2002. “Intergenerational Inequality: A Sociological Perspective.” The Journal of Economic Perspectives 16(3):31–44. Esping-Andersen, Gøsta and John Myles. 2011. “ and the .” Retrieved March 22, 2016 (http://www.oxfordhandbooks.com/view/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199606061.001.0001/oxfordhb- 9780199606061-e-25). Firebaugh, Glenn and Brian Goesling. 2004. “Accounting for the Recent Decline in Global Income Inequality.” American Journal of Sociology 110:283–312. Fischer, Claude S. et al. 1996. Inequality by Design. na. Retrieved March 22, 2016 (http://media.library.ku.edu.tr/reserve/resspring08/cshs511_JDixon/inequality_by_design3- 16_ch2.pdf). Fischer, Claude S. and Greggor Mattson. 2009. “Is America Fragmenting?” Annual Review of Sociology 435–55. Ganzeboom, Harry BG, Paul M. De Graaf, and Donald J. Treiman. 1992. “A Standard International Socio-Economic Index of Occupational Status.” Social science research 21(1):1–56. Goldthorpe, John H. 2000. “Rent, Class Conflict, and Class Structure: A Commentary on Sorenson.” The American Journal of Sociology 105(6):1572–82. Granovetter, Mark. 1985. “Economic Action and : The Problem of Embeddedness.” The American Journal of Sociology 91(3):481–510. Grodsky, Eric and Devah Pager. 2001. “The Structure of Disadvantage: Individual and Occupational Determinants of the Black-White Wage Gap.” American Sociological Review 66(4):542–67.

9 Hauser, Robert M. and John Robert Warren. 1997. “Socioeconomic Indexes for Occupations: A Review, Update, and Critique.” Sociological Methodology 27:177–298. Herrnstein, Richard J. and Charles Murray. 1994. The Bell Curve: Intelligence and Class Structure in American Life. New York: Free Press. [Introduction and Chapter 13] Hodson, Randy and Vincent J. Roscigno. 2004. “Organizational Success and Worker Dignity: Complementary or Contradictory.” American Journal of Sociology 110(3):672–708. Hout, Michael. 2012. “Social and Economic Returns to College Education in the United States.” Annual Review of Sociology 38:379–400. Hout, Mike, Clem Brooks, and Jeff Manza. 1993. “The Persistence of Classes in Post-Industrial Societies.” International Sociology 8(3):259–77. Kalleberg, Arne L. 2009. “Precarious Work, Insecure Workers: Relations in Transition.” American sociological review 74(1):1–22. Kalleberg, Arne L. and Aage B. Sorensen. 1979. “The Sociology of Labor Markets.” Annual review of sociology 351–79. Kao, G. and J. S. Thompson. 2003. “Racial and Ethnic Stratification in Educational Achievement and Attainment.” Annual review of sociology 29:417–43. Kaufman, Robert L. 2002. “Assessing Alternative Perspectives on Race and Sex Employment Segregation.” American Sociological Review 67(4):547–72. Keister, Lisa A. 2014. “The One Percent.” Annual Review of Sociology 40:347–67. Keister, Lisa A. and Stephanie Moller. 2000. “Wealth Inequality in the United States.” Annual Review of Sociology 26:63–81. Kenworthy, Lane. 1999. “Do Social-Welfare Policies Reduce Poverty? A Cross-National Assessment.” Social Forces 77(3):1119–39. Kerckhoff, Alan C. 1976. “The Status Attainment Process: or Allocation?” Social Forces 55(2):368–81, Lichter, Daniel T. and Rukamalie Jayakody. 2002. “Welfare Reform: How Do We Measure Success?” Annual Review of Sociology 28:117–41. Lin, Nan. 1999. “Social Networks and Status Attainment.” Annual Review of Sociology 25:467–87. Lucas, Samuel R. 2001. “Effectively Maintained Inequality: Education Transitions, Track Mobility, and Social Background Effects.” The American Journal of Sociology 106(6):1642–90. Massey, Douglas S. 2007. Categorically Unequal: The American Stratification System. New York, NY: Russell Sage Foundation. McCall, Leslie and Christine Percheski. 2010. “Income Inequality: New Trends and Research Directions.” Annual review of sociology 36:329–47. Morris, Martina and Bruce Western. 1999. “Inequality in Earnings at the Close of the Twentieth Century.” Annual Review of Sociology 25:623–57.

10 Mouw, Ted. 2003. “Social Capital and Finding a Job: Do Contacts Matter?” American Sociological Review 68(6):868–98. Nielson, Francois and Arthur S. Alderson. 1997. “The Kuznets Curve and the Great U-Turn: Income Inequality in U.S. Counties, 1970 to 1990.” American Sociological Review 62:12–33. Piore, Michael J. 1970. “The Dual Labor Market: Theory and Implications.” Retrieved March 22, 2016 (http://www.citeulike.org/group/2546/article/1366330). Raftery, Adrain E. and Michael Hout. 1993. “Maximinally Maintained Inequality: Expansion, Reform, and Opportunity in Irish Education, 1921-75.” 66(1):41–62. Reskin, Barbara F. 2003. “Including Mechanisms in Our Models of Ascriptive Inequality: 2002 Presidential Address.” American Sociological Review 68(1):1–21. Rytina, Steven. 2000. “Is Occupational Mobility Declining in the U.S.?” Social Forces 78(4):1227– 76. Sampson, Robert J., Jeffrey D. Morenoff, and Thomas Gannon-Rowley. 2002. “Assessing‘ Neighborhood Effects’: Social Processes and New Directions in Research.” Annual review of sociology 443–78. Sen, Amartya. 1999. Development as Freedom. Oxford: Oxford University Press. Sewell, William H., Archibald O. Haller, and George W. Ohlendorf. 1970. “The Educational and Early Occupational Status Attainment Process: Replication and Revision.” American Sociological Review 35(6):1014–27. Sewell, William H., Archibald O. Haller, and . 1969. “The Educational and Early Occupational Attainment Process.” American Sociological Review 34(1):82–92. Sewell, William H. and Robert M. Hauser. 1992. “Review: The Influence of the American Occupational Structure on the Wisconsin Model.” Contemporary Sociology 21(5):598–603. Sorenson, Aage B. 2000. “Toward a Sounder Basis for Class Analysis.” The American Journal of Sociology 105(6):1523–58. Spilerman, Seymour. 1977. “Careers, Labor Market Structure, and Socioeconomic Achievement.” The American Journal of Sociology 83(3):551–93. Stevens, Mitchell L. and Ben Gebre-Medhin. 2016. “Change in US Higher Education.” Annual Review of Sociology 42(1). Retrieved March 22, 2016 (http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/abs/10.1146/annurev-soc-081715-074240). Sullivan, Teresa A., Elizabeth Warren, and Jay Lawrence Westbrook. 2000. The Fragile Middle Class. New Haven, CT: Press. Turner, Ralph H. 1960. “Sponsored and Contest Mobility and the School System.” American Sociological Review 25(6):855–67. Wachter, Michael L., R. A. Gordon, Michael J. Piore, and Robert E. Hall. 1974. “Primary and Secondary Labor Markets: A Critique of the Dual Approach.” Brookings Papers on Economic Activity 1974(3):637–93.

11 Warren, John Robert and Robert M. Hauser. 1997. “Social Stratification across Three Generations: New Evidence from the Wisconsin Longitudinal Study.” American Sociological Review 62(4):561–72. Western, Bruce and Katherine Beckett. 1999. “How Unregulated Is the U.S. Labor Market? The Penal System as a Labor Market .” The American Journal of Sociology 104(4):1030–60. Wright, Erik Olin. 1997. Class Counts: Comparative Studies in Class Analysis. Cambridge University Press. Wright, Erik Olin. 2000. “Class, Exploitation, and Economic Rents: Reflections on Sorensen’s ‘Sounder Basis.’” American Journal of Sociology 105(6):1559–71. Wright, Erik Olin and Rachel E. Dwyer. 2003. “The Patterns of Job Expansion in the USA: A Comparison of the 1960s and 1990s.” Socio-Economic Review 1:289–325.

GENDER Theories of Gender and Stratification Acker, Joan. 1990. “, , Bodies: A Theory of Gendered Organizations.” Gender & Society 4:139-159.

Bem, Sandra. 1993. Chapters 1-4 in The Lenses of Gender. Yale University Press.

Blumberg, Rae. 1984. “A General Theory of Gender Stratification.” Sociological Theory 2: 23- 101. Connell, R.W. 1987. Chapters 2-3 and 6-7 in Gender & Power: Society, the Person and Sexual Politics. Stanford, CA: Press.

England, Paula. 2010. “The Gender Revolution: Uneven and Stalled.” Gender & Society 24: 149-166. Lorber, Judith. 1994. Chapters 1-5 in Paradoxes of Gender. New Haven: Yale University Press.

Martin, Patricia Yancey. 2004. “Gender as a Social Institution.” Social Forces 82: 1249-1273. Ridgeway, Cecilia. 2011. Chapters 1-3 in Framed by Gender: How Persists in the Modern World. New York: Oxford. Risman, Barbara J. 2004. “Gender as a Social Structure: Theory Wrestling with Activism.” Gender & Society 18: 429-450.

Gender Identities and Interactions Correll, Shelley J. 2004. “Constraints into Preferences: Gender, Status, and Emerging Career Aspirations.” American Sociological Review 69: 93-113.

12 Martin, Karin A. 1998. “Becoming a Gendered Body: Practices of Preschools.” American Sociological Review 63: 494-511. Deutsch, Francine. 2007. “Undoing Gender.” Gender & Society 21: 106-127. Messner, Michael. 2000. “Barbie Girls and Sea Monsters: Children Constructing Gender.” Gender & Society 14: 765-784.

Naber, Nadine. 2006. “Arab American Femininities: Beyond Arab Virgin/American(ized) Whore.” Feminist Studies 32: 87-111. West, Candace and Sarah Fenstermaker. 1995. “Doing difference.” Gender & Society. 9: 8-37. West, Candace and Don Zimmerman. 1987. “Doing Gender.” Gender & Society 1: 125- 151. Gendered Sexuality Collins, Patricia Hill. 2004. Chapers 1-3 in Black Sexual Politics: African Americans, Gender, and the New Racism. New York: Routledge.

Garcia, L. 2009. “Now Why do you Want to Know about That?”: Heteronormativity, Sexism, and Racism in the Sexual (Mis)education of Latina Youth. Gender and Society. 23(4): 520-541.

Ingraham, Chrys. 1994. “The Heterosexual Imaginary: and Theories of Gender.” Sociological Theory 12: 203-219.

Valocchi, Stephen. 2005. “Not Yet Queer Enough: The Lessons of Queer Theory for the and Sexuality.” Gender & Society 19: 750-770. Masculinities

Bridges, Tristan. 2014. “A Very “Gay” Straight? Hybrid Masculinities, Sexual Aesthetics, and the Changing Relationship Between Masculinity and Homophobia.” Gender & Society 28: 58- 82.

Connell, R. W., and James W. Messerschmidt. 2005. “: Rethinking the Concept.” Gender & Society 19: 829-859.

Connell, R.W. 2005. Chapter 1, 3, and 8 in Masculinities, Second Edition. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Ferguson, Ann Arnett. 2000. Chapters 1-3 in Bad Boys: The Making of Black Masculinity in Public Schools. Ann Arbor MI: University of Michigan Press. Pascoe, C.J. 2005. “‘Dude, You’re a Fag’: Adolescent Masculinity and the Fag .” Sexualities 8: 329-346. Schilt, Kristen. 2010. Just One of the Guys: Transgender Men and the Persistence of Gender Inequality. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

13 Gender and Social Institutions: Family and Religion Avishai, Orit. 2008. “‘Doing Religion’ in a Secular World: Women in Conservative and the Question of Agency.” Gender & Society 22: 409-433. Bartkowski, John P., and Jen’nan Ghazal Read. 2003. “Veiled Submission: Gender, Power, and Identity among Evangelical and Muslim Women in the United States. Qualitative Sociology 26: 71-92. Blair-Loy, Mary. 2003. Introduction and Ch 1-2 (Pp. 1-90) in Competing Devotions: Career and Family among Women Executives. Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press

Budig, Michelle J. and . 2001. “The Wage Penalty for Motherhood.” American Sociological Review 66(2):204–25. Damaske, Sarah. 2011. Chapters 1-3 in For the Family. New York: Oxford University Press. Edin, Kathryn and Maria Kefalas. 2005. Introduction, Chapters 1-4 in Promises I Can Keep: Why Poor Women Put Motherhood Before Marriage. Berkeley: University of California Press. England, Paula, Michelle J. Budig, and Nancy Folbre. 2002. “Wages of Virtue: The Relative Pay of Care Work.” Social Problems 49(4):455–73. Hays, Sharon. 2004. Chapters 1-3, 5 in Flat Broke with Children: Women in the Age of Welfare Reform. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.

Hochschild, Arlie. 2003. Chapters 1-3 in The Second Shift. 2003. New York: Penguin Books.

Hondagneu-Sotelo, Pierette. 2001. Chapters 1-2 in Domestica: Immigrant Workers Cleaning and Caring in the Shadows of Affluence. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Moore, Mignon R. 2008. “Gendered Power Relations Among Women: A Study of Decision Making in Black, Lesbian Stepfamilies.” American Sociological Review 73: 335-356. Parrenas, Rhacel Salazar. 2000. “Migrant Filipina Domestic Workers and the International Division of Reproductive Labor.” Gender & Society 14: 560-580. Roberts, Dorothy. 1997. Chapters 1-2 in Killing the Black Body: Race, Reproduction, and the Meaning of Liberty. New York: Pantheon. Gender and Social Institutions: Education and Occupations/Workplace

Buchmann, Claudia, Thomas A. DiPrete, and Anne McDaniel. 2008. “Gender Inequalities in Education.” Annual Review of Sociology 34: 319-337.

Charles, Maria and David B. Grusky. 2004. Occupational Ghettos: The Worldwide Segregation of Women and Men. Stanford University Press Stanford, CA.

14 Haney, Lynne. 1996. “Homeboys, Babies, Men in Suits: The State and the Reproduction of Male Dominance.” American Sociological Review 61: 759-778. Hartmann, Heidi. 1990. “Capitalism, and Job Segregation by Sex.” Signs 1: 137-169.

Kanter, Rosabeth Moss. 1977. “Some Effects of Proportions on Group Life: Skewed Sex Ratios and Responses to Token Women.” The American Journal of Sociology 82(5):965–90. Reskin, Barbara, and Denise D. Bielby. 2005. “A Sociological Perspective on Gender and Career Outcomes.” Journal of Economic Perspectives 19: 71-86. Reskin, Barbara. 2000. “The Proximate Causes of Employment Discrimination.” Contemporary Sociology 29: 319-28. Salzinger, Leslie. 2003. Chapters 1-3 in in Production. Berkeley: University of California Press.

Sayer, Liana C. 2005. “Gender, Time and Inequality: Trends in Women’s and Men’s Paid Work, Unpaid Work and Free Time.” Social Forces 84(1):285–303. Williams, Christine. 1992. “The Glass Escalator: Hidden Advantages for Men in the ‘Female’ Professions.” Social Problems 39: 253-267. Wingfield, Adia Harvey. “Racializing the Glass Escalator: Reconsidering Men’s Experiences with Women’s Work.” Gender & Society 23: 5-26. Gender in Global Perspective Acker, Joan. 2004. “Gender, Capitalism and Globalization.” Critical Sociology 30: 17-41. Chow, Esther Ngan-ling. 2003. “Gender Matters: Studying Globalization and in the 21st Century.” International Sociology 18: 443-460.

Ehrenreich, Barbara and Arlie Hochschild eds. 2004. Global Woman: Nannies, Maids, and Sex Workers in the New Economy. New York, NY: Owl Books.

Epstein, Cynthia Fuchs. 2007. “Great Divides: The Cultural, Cognitive, and Social Bases of the Global Subordination of Women.” American Sociological Review 72: 1-22. Fuwa, Makiko. 2004. “Macro-level Gender Inequality and the Division of Household Labor in 22 Countries.” American Sociological Review 69: 751-767. Mahler, Sarah J., and Patricia R. Pessar. 2006. “Gender Matters: Ethnographers Bring Gender from the Periphery toward the Core of Migration Studies.” International Migration Review 40: 28-63. Mohanty, Chandra. 1991. "Under Western Eyes: Feminist Scholarship and Colonial ," in Third World Women and the Politics of , edited by C. Mohanty, A. Russo, and L. Torres. Bloomington, IN: Indiana University Press.

15 Mohanty, Chandra. 2002. “Under Western Eyes’ Revistited: Feminist Solidarity through Anti- capitalist Struggles.” Signs 28: 499-535.

Orloff, Ann Shola. 2009. “Gendering the Comparative Analysis of Welfare States: An Unfinished Agenda.” Sociological Theory 27: 317-343. Puri, Jyoti. 2005. “Conceptualizing Gender-Sexuality-State-Nation: An Introduction.” Gender & Society 19: 137-159. Purkayastha, Bandana. 2012. “Intersectionality in a Transnational World.” Gender & Society 26: 55-66.

Sassen, Saskia. 2003. “Strategic Instantiations of Gendering in the Global Economy.” Pp. 43-60 in Gender and U.S. Immigration, edited by Pierrette Hongdagneu-Sotelo. University of California Press. Yuval-Davis, Nira 1997. Chapters 1-2 in Gender and Nation. London: Sage.

INTERSECTIONALITY Theoretical and Methodological Conceptualizations Anzaldúa, Gloria. 2007. “La Conciecia de la Mestiza: Towards a New Consciousness.” Pp. 99- 120 in Borderlands: La Frontera, 3rd edition. Aunt Lute Books. Baca Zinn, Maxine, and Bonnie Thornton Dill. 1996. “Theorizing difference from multiracial feminism.” Feminist Studies, 22: 321-31. Bowleg, Lisa. 2008. “When Black + Lesbian + Woman =/ Black Lesbian Woman: The Methodological Challenges of Qualitative & Quantitative Intersectionality Research.” Sex 59(5-6): 312-325. Choo, Hae Yeon, and Myra Marx Ferree. 2010. “Practicing Intersectionality in Sociological Research: A Critical Analysis of Inclusions and Institutions in the Study of Inequalities.” Sociological Theory 28: 129-149. Collins, Patricia Hill. 2015. “Intersectionality’s Definitional Dilemmas.” Annual Review of Sociology 41: 1-20. Collins, Patricia Hill. 2000. Black Feminist Thought: Knowledge, Consciousness and the Politics of Empowerment. Routledge. Collins, Patricia Hill. 1986. “Learning from the Outsider Within: The Sociological Significance of Black Feminist Thought.” Social Problems 33 (6): 14-32. Crenshaw, Kimberle. 1991. “Mapping the Margins: Intersectionality, Identity Politics, and Violence Against Women of Color.” Stanford Law Review 43: 1241-1299.

16 Davis, Kathy. 2008. “Intersectionality as Buzzword: A Sociology of Science Perspective on What Makes Successful.” Feminist Theory 9, 1: 67-85. hooks, bell. 2000. Feminist Theory: From Margin to Center. Boston: South End Press. Lorde, Audre. 1984. “The Master’s Tools Will Never Dismantle the Master’s House.” Pp. 89-92 in Feminism and ‘Race’, ed. Kum-Kum Bhavnani. New York: Oxford University Press. McCall, Leslie. 2005. “The Complexity of Intersectionality.” Race, Class and Gender: An Anthology, co-edited by and Margaret Andersen. Said, Edward. 1978. “Introduction.” Pp. 1-28 in Orientalism. New York: Vintage Books. Yuval-Davis, Nira. 2006. “Intersectionality and Feminist Politics.” European Journal of Women’s Studies 13: 193-209. Empirical Examples Barnett, Bernice MacNair. 1993. “Invisible Southern Black Women Leaders in the Civil Rights Movement: The Triple Constraints of Gender, Race, and Class.” Signs 7(2):162-182. Bettie, Julie. 2000. “Women Without Class: Chicas, Cholas, Trash, and the Presence/Absence of Class Identity.” Signs 26: 1-36. Browne, Irene and Joyra Misra. 2003 “The Intersection of Gender and Race in the Labor Market.” Annual Review of Sociology 29:487-513. Calasanti, Toni M. and Kathleen F. Slevin. 2001. "A Gender Lens on Aging and Aging Lens on Gender." Chapter 8 in Gender, Social Inequalities, and Aging, edited by T. M. Calasanti and K. F. Selvin. Alta Mira Press. Dill, Bonnie Thornton and Ruth Enid Zambrana. 2009. Emerging Intersections: Race, Class, and Gender in Theory, Policy, and Practice. Brunswick, NJ: Rutgers University Press. Elliott, James and Ryan Smith. 2004. “Race, Gender, & Workplace Power.” American Sociological Review 69(3):365-86.

Ferber, Abby. 1998. “Constructing Whiteness: The Intersections of Race and Gender in U.S. White Supremacist Discourse.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 21: 48-63.

Fields, Jessica. 2008. Chapters 1-2 in Risky Lessons: Sex Education and . Rutgers University Press. Glenn, Evelyn Nakano. 2002. Unequal Freedom: How Race and Gender Shaped American and Labor. Harvard University Press. Gordon, Beth Omansky, and Karen E. Rosenblum. 2001. “Bringing Disability into the Sociological Frame: A Comparison of Disability with Race, Sex, and Sexual Orientation Statuses.” Disability & Society 16: 5-19.

17 Kang, Miliann. 2010. Introduction, Chapters 1-2, 4 in The Managed Hand: Race, Gender and the Body in Beauty Service Work. University of California Press. Lawrence, Bonita. 2003. "Gender, Race, and the Regulation of Native Identity in Canada and the United States: An Overview." Hypatia 18(2):3-31 Morris, Edward W. 2005. ““Tuck in that Shirt!” Race, Class, Gender and Discipline in an Urban School.” Sociological Perspectives 48: 25-48.

Nagel, Joann. 1998. “Masculinity and Nationalism: Gender and Sexuality in the Making of Nations.” Ethnic and Racial Studies 21: 242-269.

Pattillo-McCoy, Mary. 2000. Chapters 1-3 in Black Picket Fences: Privilege and Peril among the Black Middle Class. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.

Powell, Brian, Catherine Blozendahl, Claudia Geist, and Lala Carr Steelman. 2012. Chapters 1 2, 4 in Counted Out: Same-Sex Relations and Americans’ Definitions of Family. Russell Sage Foundation.

Purkayastha, Bandana. 2005. Chapters 1-2, 4 in Negotiating Ethnicity: Second-Generation South Asians Traverse a Transnational World. Rutgers University Press.

Richardson, Diane. 2007. “Patterned Fluidities: (Re)Imagining the Relationship Between Gender and Sexuality.” Sociology 41: 457-474.

Schilt, Kristen, and Laurel Westbrook. 2009. "Doing Gender, Doing Heteronormativity." Gender & Society 23(4):440-64. Smith, Andrea. 2005. “Beyond Pro-Choice versus Pro-Life: Women of Color and Reproductive .” NWSA Journal 17(1): 119-140. Ward, Jane. 2004. ““Not All Differences are Created Equal:” Multiple Jeopardy in a Gendered Organization.” Gender & Society 18: 82-102.

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