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Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) 2020 Version 1.0 Catalogue no. 89260004-X ISBN 978-0-660-35691-4 Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) 2020 Version 1.0 Release date: October 5, 2020 How to obtain more information For information about this product or the wide range of services and data available from Statistics Canada, visit our website, www.statcan.gc.ca. You can also contact us by Email at [email protected] Telephone, from Monday to Friday, 8:30 a.m. to 4:30 p.m., at the following numbers: • Statistical Information Service 1-800-263-1136 • National telecommunications device for the hearing impaired 1-800-363-7629 • Fax line 1-514-283-9350 Depository Services Program • Inquiries line 1-800-635-7943 • Fax line 1-800-565-7757 Standards of service to the public Note of appreciation Statistics Canada is committed to serving its clients in a prompt, Canada owes the success of its statistical system to a reliable and courteous manner. To this end, Statistics Canada long-standing partnership between Statistics Canada, the has developed standards of service that its employees observe. citizens of Canada, its businesses, governments and other To obtain a copy of these service standards, please contact institutions. Accurate and timely statistical information Statistics Canada toll-free at 1-800-263-1136. The service could not be produced without their continued co-operation standards are also published on www.statcan.gc.ca under and goodwill. “Contact us” > “Standards of service to the public.” Published by authority of the Minister responsible for Statistics Canada © Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada as represented by the Minister of Industry, 2020 All rights reserved. Use of this publication is governed by the Statistics Canada Open Licence Agreement. An HTML version is also available. Cette publication est aussi disponible en français. Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) 2020 Version 1.0 Table of contents Introduction ............................................................................................................................................. 4 Type Of Activity (TOA) - CRDC 2020 Version 1.0................................................................................ 17 Classification structure of TOA ........................................................................................................... 17 Classification description of TOA ....................................................................................................... 17 RDT1 - Basic research ................................................................................................................. 17 RDT2 - Applied research .............................................................................................................. 17 RDT3 - Experimental development .............................................................................................. 17 Field of Research (FOR) - CRDC 2020 Version 1.0 ............................................................................ 18 Classification structure of FOR........................................................................................................... 18 Classification description of FOR ....................................................................................................... 65 RDF10 Natural sciences ............................................................................................................... 65 RDF20-21 Engineering and technology ..................................................................................... 121 RDF30 Medical, health and life sciences ................................................................................... 156 RDF40 Agricultural and veterinary sciences .............................................................................. 180 RDF50 Social sciences .............................................................................................................. 190 RDF60 Humanities and the arts ................................................................................................. 223 Socioeconomic Objective (SEO) - CRDC 2020 Version 1.0 ............................................................ 245 Classification structure of SEO......................................................................................................... 245 Classification description of SEO ..................................................................................................... 248 RDS101 Exploration and exploitation of the earth ..................................................................... 248 RDS102 Environmental protection ............................................................................................. 250 RDS103 Exploration and exploitation of space ......................................................................... 252 RDS104 Transport, telecommunication and other infrastructures (including buildings) ............ 253 RDS105 Energy (except prospecting) ........................................................................................ 256 RDS106 Industrial production and technology .......................................................................... 260 RDS107 Health ........................................................................................................................... 265 RDS108 Agriculture (including fisheries and forestry) ................................................................ 267 RDS109 Education ..................................................................................................................... 271 RDS110 Culture, recreation, religion and media ........................................................................ 272 RDS111 Political and social systems, structures and processes .............................................. 276 RDS112 Defence ........................................................................................................................ 280 Alphabetical index of SEO ................................................................................................................. 282 Statistics Canada – Catalogue no. 89260004-X 3 Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) 2020 Version 1.0 Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) 2020 Version 1.0 Introduction Status This standard was approved as a recommended standard on May 26, 2020. Overview The Canadian Research and Development Classification (CRDC) was jointly developed by the federal research granting agencies, including the Canadian Foundation for Innovation (CFI), the Canadian Institutes of Health Research (CIHR), the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada (NSERC), the Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council (SSHRC), and Statistic Canada (STC). The CRDC is the collective name for a set of three related classifications developed for use in the measurement and analysis of research and experimental development (R&D) undertaken in Canada. The three constituent classifications included in the CRDC are: Type of Activity (TOA), Fields of Research (FOR), and Socio-economic Objective (SEO). Although research and development as an economic activity can be measured using classifications such as the North American Industry Classification (NAICS) and the North American Product Classification (NAPCS), the CRDC 2020 represents the first in its kind and introduces a new dedicated framework for measuring research and development activities in Canada. This first version is officially calledCRDC 2020 Version 1.0. The use of the three constituent classifications in the CRDC ensures that R&D statistics collected are useful to governments, educational institutions, international organisations, scientific, professional or business organisations and enterprises, community groups and private individuals in Canada. The development of the CRDC by the agencies was undertaken in co-operation or consultation with major academic and research organisations, experts of specific fields and users of research information in Canada, in particular during seminars, direct exchanges and other consultative methods such as a public consultation. This comprehensive consultative process aimed to ensure that the CRDC is widely accepted and used as the national standard classification in Canada, not only in the compilation of R&D statistics, but also in the study of research and development in Canada in general. In this introduction, we provide a summarized background to the development of the classification; an explanation of the conceptual basis of the CRDC, including the composition, nature, purpose and structure of the CRDC; the use of the CRDC and guidelines for classifying with the CRDC; the definition and scope of R&D; an outline of what constitutes a unit of R&D for data and reporting purposes. The CRDC largely follows the guidelines prescribed in the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), "Frascati Manual 2015", Guidelines for collecting and reporting data on research and experimental development. The CRDC is also very close to the Australian and New Zealand Standard Research Classification (ANZSRC) in terms of their underlying concepts and their usage, although some groupings might be different, therefore, large content of this introduction will be similar to that of the ANZSRC. Background Canada’s research funding agencies were using a number of different research classifications across their programs. In most cases, these classifications
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