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Evaluation of Ecological Effect in Land Use Planning Using Ecosystem Service Value Method

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Evaluation of Ecological Effect in Land Use Planning Using Ecosystem Service Value Method 第 30 卷 第 9 期 农 业 工 程 学 报 Vol.30 No.9 2014 年 5月 Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering May 2014 201 ·土地整理工程· Evaluation of ecological effect in land use planning using ecosystem service value method Feng Yingbin1, He Chunyan2, Yang Qingyuan2※, He Jian2 (1. College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China; 2. School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest University, Chongqing 400715, China) Abstract: Environmental protection could promote ecological environment into a virtuous circle. The following measures had being taken recently to improve ecological environment in Three Gorges Reservoir Area: Yangtze River shelterbelt was being built, small watershed soil erosion was being controlled, the farmland was being returned to forest and grassland, agro-ecological engineering was being carrying out. Besides the State Council has formally given an official to the Follow-up planning of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area on June 15th, 2011, which has required to enhance ecological environment construction and protection of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, and focused to solve three issues which are improving the social economical development of Three Gorges Reservoir Area, reducing the frequency that geological disasters happened, and protecting ecological environment. This paper took Yunyang county of Chongqing, where was located at the hinterland of the Three Reservoir Area, as a case study and constructed correction coefficients of ecosystem service value in view of multi-functionality in land use among different land-use types based on the basis of Costanza’ theories and ecosystem service value coefficient set by Xie Gaodi. And then quantitative analysis was being used to evaluate ecological effect of ecological barrier zone in land use planning from the perspective of ecosystem service value and landscape pattern. The results could be shown in the following aspects: 1) Ecosystem service pattern, forest is of primary importance while cultivated land, garden, grassland are supplementary, of Yunyang county’ ecological barrier zone would be initially established in 2020. 2) Ecosystem service value in ecological barrier zone could be raised rapidly by land use planning guided by ecological functional construction, which also could strengthen the ability of ecological barrier zone to adjust the climate, conserve water and soil, and maintain biological diversity. The total ecosystem service value of ecological barrier zone in Yunyang county would be rising from 1.552 billons in 2010 to 1.998 billons in 2020, and average annual change rate would reach to 2.87%. 3) The ecosystem service value, especially its regulation service value and supporting service value, of ecological barrier zone in Yunyang county has shown an obvious spatial diversity. The ecosystem service value of Modao River Basin has been rising largest, and followed by Pengxi River Basin, and the ecosystem service value of Yangtze River has been maintained in a steadily increased, while little change has happened in Changtan River Basin. 4) According to the ecological effects analysis, practical guidance was designed to promote policy makers to evaluate and optimize land use pattern and spatial structure for land use planning. It should clarify the adjusting direction of land use structure through the evaluation of land-use structure adjustment among different land-use types and analysis of ecological effect produced by land structure adjustment, and then would achieve the goal of improving the scientific decision-making level in land use planning and ecological protection. Key words: land use; planning; ecology; ecological effect; evaluation; ecological barrier zone doi：10.3969/j.issn.1002-6819.2014.09.025 CLC number: F323.22 Document code: A Article ID: 1002-6819(2014)-09-0201-11 Feng Yingbin, He Chunyan, Yang Qingyuan, et al. Evaluation of ecological effect in land use planning using ecosystem service value method[J]. Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering (Transactions of the CSAE), 2014, 30(9): 201－211. (in English with Chinese abstract) 冯应斌，何春燕，杨庆媛，等. 利用生态系统服务价值评估土地利用规划生态效应[J]. 农业工程学报，2014，30(9)： 201－211. and socio-economic development, high spatial 0 Introduction heterogeneity has been existed in land use patterns, Due to regional differences of natural resources land-use structure, and land-use intensity, therefore, land use is multifunctional[1]. There is a growing interest in the science of landscape functions and its Received date：2013-08-19 Revised date：2014-03-28 ecosystem services especially since the release of the Foundation items：special fund for land and resources scientific research in the public interest of the Ministry of Land and Resources of China millennium ecosystem assessment. The functions of (201311006) land use could be divided into five categories, and Biography：Feng Yingbin (1982－), male, majored in land resources management, College of Resources and Environment, Southwest University, those are economic, social, cultural, ecological and Chongqing, 400715, China. Email: [email protected] productive functions[2]. The concept of ecosystem ※Corresponding author：Yang Qingyuan (1966－), female, Ph.D., majored in land resources management, School of Geographical Sciences, Southwest services has become main stream in environmental University, Chongqing, 400715, China. Email: [email protected] 202 农业工程学报 2014 年 planning and management at all levels of decision- preparation work of the Follow-up implementation making[3]. The approach to evaluate the ecological planning of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. effect of land use change, especially for the important Currently, the concept of the ecological barriers has ecological processes, is the hot point in the analysis of no common understanding, while the understanding of land use change[4]. Ecological assessment and the basic functions of ecological barrier is the same. economic optimization could be combined to design a Ecological barriers should include filtering, buffering, sustainable land use scenario for some special areas partitions, shelter, water conservation, aesthetics and where are with a significant reservoir of biodiversity[5]. other mental functions; meanwhile the ecological With the fast growth of urbanization, losses have been barrier can protect and improve the ecological occurred in some regions’ natural ecosystems and environment of surrounding areas[13]. The ecological ecosystem services, like the Gulf of Mexico, therefore, barriers zone has covered the areas ranging from it is necessary to analyze land use changes and 175m in altitude flooded lines extend up to the first calculate the value of these changes in terms of lost ridge line, which is the core area of the Three Gorges ecosystem services[6]. Chinese Law of Environmental reservoir Area of China[14-15]. Accordance with the Impact Assessment has obligated the environmental land use oriented ecological function of the Ecological impact assessment on land use planning, which is a Barrier Zone in the Three Gorges Reservoir Area, the programmatic document that influences the types and district and county governments organized the land size of the ecosystem services through the changes of ecological functions construction project planning the land use structure and pattern, especially in many (2011-2020 years) of the Ecological Barrier Zone of ecological barrier zones, such as in the Three Gorges Three Gorges Reservoir Area, as the special planning Reservoir Area[7-9]. Sloping cultivated land is widely of the total land use planning, which was distributed in Three Gorges Reservoir Area, where is co-ordination arrangement the overall land use with high mountains and steep slopes, and food activities of the Ecological Barrier Zone. This paper production from sloping cultivated land is over 50 took Yunyang county, where is located at the percent of the whole food production in Three Gorges hinterland of the Three Reservoir Area, as an example Reservoir Area in China, meanwhile sediment came to evaluate the ecological effect of Yunyang county’ from sloping cultivated land reaches to 60 percent of ecological barrier zone in land use planning based on total sediment, which is the main source of soil the multi-functionality of land-use, and then provided erosion in Three Gorges Reservoir Area[10]. The goal scientific decision-making to regional ecological of environmental protection in Three Gorges construction and land use planning. This study would Reservoir Area is to improve ecological environment enrich the methodology of environmental impact into a virtuous circle by taking the following measures: assessment on land use planning, and gave reference Yangtze River shelterbelt was being built, small to related researches. watershed soil erosion was being controlled, the farmland was being returned to forest and grassland, 1 Overview of study area and data sources agro-ecological engineering was being carried out and 1.1 Overview of study area [11] so on . Biodiversity conservation, soil conservation, Yunyang county of Chongqing, where is located water conservation and nutrient retention functions in 108°24'-109°14'E, 30°35'-31°26'N, is the hinterland have been the dominant functions of land use in [12] of the Three Gorges Reservoir Area. Yangtze River ecologically fragile areas . On June 15 th, 2011, the and four tributaries, which are separately Pengxi River, State Council has formally given an official to the Tangxi River, Modao River and Changtan
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