Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. eto rcdrspromdfrosrciesepane rm21-4uigantoa aaaefrthe for database re- national tongue a non-TORS using 2010-14 vs. from (TORS) apnoea surgery sleep robotic obstructive transoral for compare performed for to procedures surgery was section America. objective resection of The tongue States United in Introduction: the use in adoption surgery early robotic of and ABSTRACT transoral period stay this into hospital during insight prolonged apnoea provides of sleep obstructive study risk increased This character- an hospital Meaning: with complications. certain total associated and not payor, was but age, use surgery complications patient surgery pulmonary robotic with robotic associated non-transoral perioperative Transoral was to and surgery istics. compared stay, robotic America, hospital transoral of of Findings: associated States length apnoea United procedures, sleep the concurrent resection? obstructive in tongue of for 2010-14 performance performed from resection the complications tongue in surgery differences robotic with transoral is this Question: during apnea sleep obstructive POINTS for KEY surgery p=0.2). resection 7.4%, tongue (33% vs. in stay (7.7% use hospital complications adoption. TORS total prolonged TORS not into of early but insight risk of p=0.04) increased provides period 6.0%, age, an study vs. patient with This (8.4% with associated complications associated Conclusion: pulmonary was was and use use p=0.045) TORS p TORS 25%, gradual 45%, characteristics. surgery. vs. patients a hospital hypopharyngeal TORS vs. was other certain decrease. (14% There or and a by surgery palate/oropharyngeal payor, followed concurrent apnea. nasal increase, and initial concurrent sleep TORS an undergo obstructive showing of to use treat TORS From likely to of Results: less proportion surgery characteristics. were the resection hospital with complications, volumes, tongue and and overall patient included in stay procedures. specific decline hospital discharges resection and prolonged hospital tongue procedures and concurrent 5185 non-TORS TORS of and 2010-14, of performance TORS use the the for for between adjustment complications with associations and potential stay, publicly- examined annual a hospital were analyses Sample, Outcomes days) Statistical Inpatient ([?]3 records. Nationwide discharge adults prolonged hospital the of of volumes, in sample cohort case stratified identified A a was procedures incorporating Methods: procedures database complications resection performance administrative resection postoperative characteristics, national tongue available tongue patient and stay, non-TORS non-TORS on hospital and focusing of TORS vs. database, length national undergoing (TORS) time, a operative surgery using procedures, 2010-14 robotic concurrent from of transoral apnea compare sleep obstructive to for was performed objective The Introduction: Abstract 2020 23, June 2 1 Kim Jeehong Apnea Sleep Obstructive Surgery for Resection Robotic Tongue Non-Transoral vs. Surgery Robotic Transoral nvriyo otenClfri ekSho fMedicine of Hospital School Winthrop Keck NYU California Southern of University 1 aihPoole Barish , 2 tvnCen Steven , 1 essSanossian Nerses , 1 < .1,btteewsn soito ewe h use the between association no was there but 0.01), 1 n rcKezirian Eric and , 1 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. td Population Study concurrent of METHODS complications. performance for AND postoperative characteristics, performed MATERIALS patient and procedures stay, on resection hospital focusing tongue of database, non-TORS length national vs. a procedures, TORS using procedures. compare 2010-14 resection to from was tongue OSA study non-TORS this and of 11) TORS objective patients.(10, of The selected comparisons appropriately non-TORS no in and addi- been (TORS success or have glossectomy clinical tissue there partial and tonsil However, of safety, lingual feasibility, reviews (whether general Systematic tissue and indicate of of outcomes. techniques) resection improve with visualization wider extensive may better glossectomy vs more that include allowing alone partial tissue) TORS tongue, tissue tional of of of tonsil advantages base performance Proposed lingual grew the for to the use fat. access used of and TORS muscle resection been and tongue on has 2010,(9) involving primarily report technology resection in to focus TORS OSA first including the in The techniques, was resection Vicini ap- surgeon-specific years. tongue neck. FDA ensuing and for received head the (TORS) the USA) over of surgery CA, lesions robotic-assisted malignant Sunnyvale, certain transoral Surgical, of on resection (Intuitive the system for 2009 surgical in proval robotic-assisted Vinci (submu- da and glossectomy The 7) partial tonsillectomy,(6, as lingual for to approaches referred various in lingualplasty(8)). also (SMILE),(5) submucosal glossectomy resection excision procedures, lingual midline without resection invasive suspension/stabilization,(4) minimally tongue perform procedures cosal tongue and to include advancement,(3) with suspension(3)) laser obstruction hyoid genioglossus the patients dioxide radiofrequency,(2) and treat tongue-related adult (submucosal carbon to address some tissue developed the that in of been of approaches obstruction have description Other airway technologies Fujita’s to 1991.(1) and with techniques contributing starting Numerous as (OSA). tongue, recognized apnoea been sleep long obstructive has tongue The study) INTRODUCTION (cohort 3 sleep Level obstructive Evidence: for of snoring Level surgery medicine, sleep resection apnoea, tongue sleep adoption. in obstructive TORS use Keywords: early TORS of into period this insight 25%, during provides apnoea 7.4%, study vs. (33% vs. This (7.7% stay hospital complications Conclusion: hospital total certain prolonged not and but of p=0.04) payor, risk 6.0%, age, increased vs. patient p=0.2). an (8.4% with complications with pulmonary associated associated and was was p=0.045) use use vs. TORS TORS initial (14% surgery characteristics. surgery. an nasal showing hypopharyngeal concurrent use undergo other TORS to of or likely less proportion were the patients sleep p with TORS obstructive volumes, 45%, overall treat decrease. a in to by decline surgery followed gradual resection increase, a tongue was included There discharges hospital apnoea. characteris- 5185 hospital complications, 2010-14, and From and patient Results: stay specific hospital and prolonged procedures concurrent and of TORS analyses days) performance tics. Statistical of ([?]3 the use procedures. for prolonged resection the adjustment volumes, tongue with between case non-TORS associations annual and a potential were TORS incorporating identified Outcomes examined for was database complications records. administrative procedures and stay, discharge resection national hospital hospital publicly-available tongue of a non-TORS sample and Sample, stratified TORS Inpatient undergoing Nationwide adults the of in cohort length A procedures, concurrent Methods: of complications performance postoperative characteristics, and patient stay, on hospital focusing of America, of States United < .1,btteewsn soito ewe h s fTR n ocretpalate/oropharyngeal concurrent and TORS of use the between association no was there but 0.01), 2 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. tts eia oobdt a rae sactgrclvral ae nteEihue ehd(2 de- method,(12) payor Elixhauser the insurance on third-party based and variable code, categorical a ZIP as patient treated for was income comorbidity medical race/ethnicity, Medical household gender, median status. age, included of variables quartile demographic were Patient comorbidity, These outcomes. measures. other outcome and an with techniques association on an based for examined selected were variables hospital-specific and Patient Variables Hospital and tracheostomy, Patient infection, separately. with considered wound Association was pneumonia), Mortality (such or events. complications ventilation cardiac pulmonary mechanical by acute hemorrhage, invasive defined and post-operative were postoperative included a Complications and as requiring days). discharge defined pro- as ([?]3 was to stay procedures, discharge prior hospital hospital non-TORS occurring of each and those for length TORS stay prolonged hospital reflecting for Prolonged variable volumes dichotomous complications. case and annual stay, hospital for longed estimates it national because included information. institution Outcomes personal our identifiable at no board containing review database publicly-available institutional Outcomes a the of by analysis review secondary from of a exempt codes is deemed procedure with was associated study the diagnoses with This of associated search procedures a of alternatively, search and, a apnoea performed interest. sleep we properly, for tracheostomy. codes codes as identifying diagnosis well were as we procedures that nasal, concurrent confirm hypopharyngeal (17.41, To of surgery or performance robot-assisted tonsillectomy), the for with palatine for code generated combination isolated procedure were (including ICD-9 in variables an palatal indicator performed of dichotomous presence Other been the have 17.49). by identified may 17.44, was but TORS of OSA use for The surgery performed suspension. genioglossus unlikely resection tongue were or tongue or procedures genioplasty radiofrequency as these for tongue time as code (83.02), same procedure and suspension the ICD-9 hyoid advancement, at an or resection genioglossus 76.68), with (tongue radiofrequency, 76.64, records procedures (76.63, tongue excluded advancement tongue-directed also submucosal all we like include suspension), procedures tongue procedures Because non-resection in- tongue 78.49). benign code also for 76.66, a procedure 76.65, but of codes ICD-9 76.62, an diagnosis procedure 76.61, with a 76.46, ICD-9 records with (76.43, excluded the records (327.23-327.53, advancement We glossec- mandibular All partial apnoea excluded. and/or for were (28.5). maxillary sleep code neoplasm tonsillectomy dicating neck procedure for lingual and ICD-9 or code head an population 28.5) malignant as diagnosis study 25.99, or well The ICD-9 25.94, as 25.2, 2015. (ICD-9) 786.03) an (25.1, in 780.59, Revision included tomy 780.57, Revision Tenth Ninth 780.55, that the 780.53, Diseases, records to 780.51, of transition discharge 780.50, coincided a Classification all they before International because of period included because consisted this were study. over and years this utilized These TORS in were 2010-2014. analyzed of codes years or adoption the created for the were NIS data with the sharing American new from Data the analyzed no databases). were by as other Data managed article some this with and true to developed (also applicable are use use not latter for without is unavailable the codes being Diseases because therefore of Association, codes hospital Classification Medical Terminology of International procedure in- Procedural length using national of and Current included race, charges, are estimates of gender, hospital procedures age, nationwide diagnoses, and stay, patient broader be Diagnoses hospital as well during stay. can obtain as performed data characteristics to procedures hospital quartile, analyzed scheme every includes come Uti- the database sampling from and NIS records and database’s Cost The discharge nationwide, the Healthcare volumes. patient hospital de-identified its on individual Project-participating of America based of of part Utilization weighted sampling States as and a United Quality, Cost of the and consists Healthcare in Research NIS records Healthcare discharge Project. for hospital lization administra- Agency of publicly-available sample the a stratified by (NIS), a administered Sample of Inpatient consisting Nationwide the database utilizing tive conducted was study This priori a xetto fptnilascainwt h s fTR s non-TORS vs. TORS of use the with association potential of expectation 3 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. OSwsascae iha nrae iko rlne optlsa n nrae iko pulmonary lack 3). of (Table the database risk to NIS related increased likely the and complications, in total stay noted DISCUSSION of events hospital risk cardiac prolonged increased or an of infections with wound risk associated of increased not was an but were with complications There associated study care. cohort. this pulmonary was unplanned study in TORS particularly the or defined complications, in planned as tracheostomy captured complications, and or ventilation, pulmonary stays mortalities mechanical whether no hospital invasive determine postoperative prolonged to include possible of to not rate was notable It a complications. was there Overall, not in was payor, Complications use as and TORS comorbidity. Medicaid Stay medical hospitals. with Hospital non-teaching or those Prolonged ethnicity, urban in gender, and age, patient’s residence, of the patient years with hospital urban 21-40 and regions, associated patients patient West in and and likely estimates South national less the total was the use for TORS characteristics hospital characteristics. and patient presents 2 Table surgery. hypopharyngeal Characteristics other Hospital or and tracheostomy. surgery Patient undergo concurrent palate/oropharyngeal to of concurrent likely nasal cases and less no for p were TORS were 45%, commonly patients There of vs TORS less (14% use patients (13%). the but non-TORS surgery 696 between to resection (75%) in compared tongue surgery, surgery surgery nasal with hypopharyngeal palate/oropharyngeal concurrent other procedures concurrent and hospital (39%) of for surgery majority particularly decreased a then 1), in and (Table performed 2012, were in procedures (24.4%) 255 Concurrent at overall 620 peaked The to 2010, TORS. in 2010 Procedures 1). (9%) in utilizing Concurrent (Figure 112 1312 cases 2014 at from in treat of started decreased (17%) TORS to percentage gradually 105 of surgery surgery the to use resection resection The and tongue tongue 2014. frequencies included included in annual discharges that discharges hospital the of 5185 displays number of 1 total Figure a OSA. 2010-2014, years the During these invalid. weighting because the Volumes used making Surgical not database, were NIS entire weights the NIS of RESULTS subgroup race, type. a measurements sex, to hospital outcome variables: limited following and region, were Rao- the TORS analyses hospital with for between performed payer, procedure was stay associations third-party surveyfreq Adjustment hospital comorbidity, adjusted 9.4 regression. ((prolonged surveylogistic and SAS by outcome Unadjusted used conducted for was characteristics test. procedures hospital concurrent Chi-square and and Scott patient TORS and surveymean. of complications) under statement use and 2012 domain procedure the at surveymean with between change 9.4 conducted SAS Comparisons was design estimate years. the across specific adopted estimate Strata comparable which used. making standards, was for weight methodical trend HCUP appropriate followed with estimate values P trend USA). National Carolina, North Cary, Institute, (SAS significant. 9.4 statistically SAS considered using conducted were analyses All hospital). teaching urban or non-teaching, Midwest, Analysis conditions), urban (Northeast, Statistical (1-2 region (rural, low hospital type database), were hospital the variables Hospital-level in and defined West) conditions). conditions South, (4+ comorbid high potential and 29 (3-4), of moderate (0 comorbidity no as fined 4 < .1.Teewsn association no was There 0.01). < .5were 0.05 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. motn lnclifrain rnial S eeiymaue swl spyia xmnto findings; examination physical the as beyond well possible as lacks was measures database follow-up The severity There No OSA discharge. databases. after principally occurred administrative institutions. information, have to may participating clinical that inherent important complications at those identify practices to are discharge coding hospital First index in study. variations this be of drivers may due limitations this multiple TORS. whether in important be of care, complications are use could postoperative as There the counted planned There simply (not in or the dysphagia codes. differences surgery and to surgery and more-aggressive pain complications, addition robot-assisted to in pulmonary greater, In the differences likely in for are stay. stay: differences payor costs hospital hospital study), TORS the of prolonged but to length costs, of increased sent own their likelihood of charges have greater the techniques (other a are TORS (more-pronounced difference. with as of observed edema use associated this with more- pulmonary also associated for post-obstructive was costs This mechanism the TORS or explore of resection. aspiration can Use of tissue research Future risk –aggressive ventilation. obstruction). increased mechanical more airway invasive an a of postoperative have planned relief enable of also may likelihood may greater TORS multipleIt a that are carry There may is complications. resection overall One aggressive not but was complications case explanations. pulmonary complications of with potential palate severe associated series soft to was a TORS of moderate in of study of Use and cohort estimate 1.6%,(15) large pooled was a the complication smaller in where perioperative this radiofrequency, than serious 2.7%.(16) in tongue higher of reported of are rate that studies rates the to series complication complication where similar their these OSA, experience study, that national for previous the important this surgery making to is (23/293), applied It 7.8% is to cohort. study arrhythmias. closer current cardiac this the be and from may of complications rate complications, Some of gastrointestinal dysphagia/odynophagia (20%).(14) definition or pain, the dehydration study bleeding, If significant previous any hypoxemia, defi- included a more-limited that treatment, a in study having previous requiring with than study the current to lower association the compared with were as an complications, nition, (7.7%) of was definitions study different with there to this relates associated whether discrepancy in be rates unclear may complication it characteristics. that The makes clinical characteristics for no this main clinical adjustment was important the after procedures; there of procedures Again, concurrent otherwise concurrent absence but of the procedures. surgery, performance is nasal hypopharyngeal the analysis concurrent other this of association or of likelihood potential palate/oropharyngeal limitation lower their concurrent a evaluate with with findings. can association associated procedures. examination studies resection was future physical tongue use and or for TORS use, technology index) and TORS characteristics, apnoea-hypopnea technique with clinical of the patient associated choice by important with be to other measured also related include (often may not are severity These does these and hospitals, OSA database of non-teaching NIS as urban Some The residents, such urban use. Medicaid. in with TORS use TORS those with lower in as associated such technology, were expensive characteristics obstruction. to has access tongue-related hospital USA) and and of Minnesota, the OSA approval patient Valley, with FDA whether Golden Specific patients 2014 unclear Inc., for the is Systems, option but It Medical the stable treatment 2014, (Inspire relatively another where penetrance. since system a offered curve substantially share Stimulation of changed market adoption Airway context has variable classical Upper the procedures with the a within were resection plateau all represents tongue OPSCC a 2013, This of by and in volume time.(13) followed 28% T1–T3 that is to for over increase rise carcinoma, treatment performed gradual modest cell surgical squamous a procedures followed oropharyngeal primary with of system, in 2010, undergoing number Vinci seen in performed patients patterns da TORS proportion of the the with to the 22% of treated compared with approval estimated contrast FDA in procedure, an 2009 is resection where This the tongue following decrease. in increase a the by decline an on based gradual demonstrating is TORS a it using was and there procedures, States. resection United 2010-14, tongue the From for in patterns available utilization database national administrative of all-payor study largest first the is This 5 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 3 rchooJ,RmnB,Kte I ue I oe A dpino rnoa ooi surgery robotic Journal transoral of carcinoma. cell Adoption squamous MA. oropharyngeal Cohen of WI, treatment Kuhel for DI, modalities Kutler surgical other BR, with Roman compared JR, Index. Cracchiolo Readmission Comorbidity of Elixhauser 13. Risk AHRQ Increased The Identifying Data: A. 2017;55(7):698-705. Administrative Elixhauser care. N, Hospital Medical Coenen Using R, Mortality Washington In-hospital S, 2015;153(3):334- and White Surg. BJ, Neck Obstruc- Moore Head for 12. Glossectomy Otolaryngol of Meta-analysis. Effect and The Review MB. Systematic Gillespie 42. AC, A Weber Apnea: SA, Nguyen Sleep obstructive JA, 2017;127(1):258-65. tive for Kandl reduction Laryngoscope. AW, tongue Murphey meta-analysis. of 11. base and robotic review Transoral systematic MB. base Gillespie A AA, tongue apnea: Ong robotic sleep SA, Otorhinolaryngol Nguyen Transoral J SC, F. ORL Miller Montevecchi 10. report. MG, preliminary Pietra a La 2010;72(1):22-7. S, syndrome: Spec. Frassineti apnoea-hypopnoea P, Relat sleep Canzi obstructive I, in 2013;148(1):157-65. Dallan lingualplasty resection Submucosal C, Surg. al. Neck Vicini et Head A, 9. Otolaryngol Esterman J, apnea. Choo sleep CM, obstructive Woods S, adult apnea. MacKay sleep for S, obstructive Robinson for I, Gunawardena (CELL) lightening 8. lingual obstructive endoscopic 2016;273(1):231-6. Coblation of EJ. Otorhinolaryngol. management Kezirian Arch surgical LA, Eur multilevel Lee HY, 2013;148(1):166-71. the Li for in Surg. 7. Neck glossectomy surgery Head midline novel Otolaryngol open effective, syndrome. of an apnea Evaluation sleep 2006;115(8):624-30. excision: GD. Laryngol. Suh lingual Rhinol invasive Otol 6. minimally suspension Ann Tongue-base Submucosal reduction. EA. base al. Mair minimally tongue et new pediatric SC, a J, Maturo of Maurer results 2000;122(1):100-3. K, clinical 5. Surg. preliminary Vahatalo Neck apnea: K, Head sleep Lehtimaki Otolaryngol obstructive 1989;47(2):159-64. A, for technique. anchor invasive Surg. Fibbi tissue-to-bone Maxillofac E, soft suspension Oral a Gunther myotomy J with hyoid A, patients. and DeRowe 55 osteotomy of mandibular 4. review Inferior a C. apnea: Guilleminault sleep obstructive NB, Powell for 1999;120(5):656-64. RW, obstructive Surg. Riley breath- Neck sleep-disordered for in Head 3. treatment reduction Otolaryngol a base study. tongue as pilot Radiofrequency glossectomy A C. Guilleminault midline ing: RW, Riley Laser NB, R. Powell Wittig 2. JL, 1991;101(8):805-9. Clark Laryngoscope. BT, apnea. Woodson sleep S, Fujita 1. explore to characteristics clinical TORS greater incorporate of a REFERENCES may with Use detail. and research complications) Further surgery. greater all in resection stay. not findings hospital tongue (but these prolonged complications for and pulmonary a patient TORS of Multiple of was of risk a likelihood States. greater adoption use against a United TORS the TORS with the with early with associated in performed was of associated procedures procedures were resection period of characteristics tongue this proportion of hospital during the numbers OSA in declining decrease in of then background surgery increase resection an tongue by characterized for TORS the of in Utilization performed been have may procedures discharges, resection hospital CONCLUSION inpatient tongue only that TORS likely) includes of not NIS use the perhaps setting. Finally, the (but outpatient with possible outcomes. treatment associated is of it characteristics comparison and patient a additional as of well examination as enable would data these 6 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. ao eiad4 6)72(4)77(15%) 797 (94%) 0.45 752 (6%) 45 0.5 (40%) 2042 Medicaid (84%) 1713 (26%) (16%) 1382 330 (1-2) low (84%) to 1156 None (16%) 226 Payor Female code ZIP by Income Household of Quartile National Comorbidity Race category Age Gender Information Hospital and Patient 2. Table 2010-2014. from TORS procedures vs Concurrent Resection 1. Tongue treatment Table All radiofrequency of in Trend complications Utilization of 1. Incidence 2005;115(7):1298-304. Figure JE. Laryngoscope. Hester airway. RW, complications upper Riley serious the NB, of Powell of Incidence EJ, al. Kezirian et J, 16. Daley SF, Khuri 2004;114(3):450-3. RA, Deyo Laryngoscope. B, uvulopalatopharyngoplasty. Yueh obstructive after EM, Weaver including EJ, diseases Kezirian 2015;125(5):1249-53. benign in 15. Laryngoscope. surgery feasibility. robotic and Transoral Safety ER. Thaler apnea: MA, sleep D’Agostino PT, Hoff 14. 2016;114(4):405-11. oncology. surgical of e 4 1% 4 1% 9 (13%) 0.22 696 (87%) 4488 0.16 (75%) (13%) 3891 548 (25%) (87%) 1293 3746 (17%) 148 (39%) (83%) (74%) 2037 743 3189 (61%) (26%) 3148 1105 (79%) 702 (21%) (44%) 189 1910 (56%) 2383 (14%) 126 (86%) 765 Tracheotomy Yes No pvalueHypopharyngeal Yes No Total Palate/Oropharyngeal (%) Yes TORS No No (%) TORS Nasal Type Procedure Concurrent N/A 0 0 0 7 eiae18(4)41(6)69(12%) 629 (3%) 123 (25%) (76%) 1263 481 (23%) 1161 (88%) 107 0.06 (16%) 819 (24%) 148 (80%) 1010 (12%) (11%) 15 596 (84%) 977 (44%) (61%) (8%) 2323 3160 306 (84%) (20%) 686 252 (0%) (16%) 24 185 (9%) 449 (10%) (90%) 518 532 Medicare (82%) (82%) (16%) 1895 2599 133 (72%) 219 Missing (4%) (10%) 131 (54%) > (79%) 64 2823 (18%) (91%) (18%) 19 428 409 (83%) 561 427 60K-80K (28%) 86 (74%) 45K-60K 3797 < (4+) (72%) high (17%) 2216 (9%) 91 (68%) 40 (3-4) 88 moderate (83%) 3133 + Missing (28%) 608 White (32%) 43 (17%) Other 664 American Native Hispanic Black Asian/Pacific > 41-64 < Male 5 7 1% 7 8% 05(1)0.38 (31%) 1593 (21%) 1045 (83%) 1324 (84%) (17%) 875 269 (16%) 170 (6%) 293 80K (40%) 2069 (73%) 45K 213 (90%) 1864 (27%) 79 (10%) 204 =65 40 OS(o )N OS(o )Ttl( fttlwti aeoy value P category) within total of (% Total %) (row TORS No %) (row TORS < 0.01 < < 0.01 0.01 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. optlTp ra o ecig2 4)75(6)72(4)0.01 (14%) 742 (18%) 958 (21%) (96%) 1088 715 (71%) (4%) 676 27 (76%) 828 Teaching Non Urban (29%) 281 (24%) 260 Urban Northeast Non Type Hospital Residence of County Patient Region Hospital Ploaycmlctosdfie spsoeaieivsv ehnclvniaino pneumonia or ventilation size mechanical +Cell invasive postoperative as defined complications *Pulmonary stay. hospital prolonged and Complications 3. Table size +Cell rcesoy0(% 0)0(% N/A (0%) 0 (0%) N/A 0 N/A (0.77%) 40 (0.41%) 21 (0%) (0.93%) 0 40 (0.49%) 21 P (0%) 0 0.04 (0%) Overall 0 (6.4%) Non-TORS 331 (6.0%) 256 TORS (8.4%) 0.045 75 0.2 (26) 0.99 (7.7%) 1359 397 (25%) (0.5%) 1068 (7.4%) 30 317 (33%) 291 (0.58%) (9.0%) 25 80 stay) hospital prolonged than (other complications All Tracheostomy + Events Cardiac Acute infection Wound complications* Pulmonary Intervention requiring hemorrhage days) Postoperative ([?]3 stay hospital Prolonged Complications < < 0ntrpre,prHU guidelines HCUP per reported, not 10 guidelines HCUP per reported, not 10 8 ua 4 10)18(3%) 148 (51%) 2682 (100%) 148 (79%) 4096 (79%) (27%) 2117 1427 (31%) 1612 (30%) 1510 (21%) (1%) 565 (85%) 40 0 3465 (25%) 1290 (95%) 1351 (81%) 1313 (4%) 191 (90%) 1371 (15%) 631 (19%) (87%) (5%) 299 (70%) 35 77 896 (10%) 139 Missing (90%) 171 Rural (30%) 394 Teaching Urban (68%) 3527 (10%) Urban 20 + West South (81%) 2854 Midwest Pay Other (19%) 673 Pay Self HMO including Private OS(o )N OS(o )Ttl( fttlwti aeoy value P category) within total of (% Total %) (row TORS No %) (row TORS < < 0.01 0.01 Posted on Authorea 23 Jun 2020 — The copyright holder is the author/funder. All rights reserved. No reuse without permission. — https://doi.org/10.22541/au.159294208.80764208 — This a preprint and has not been peer reviewed. Data may be preliminary. 9