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An Autonomous Lutheran Church in Canada in a Time of Rising Nationalism Roger Ellis Concordia Seminary, St

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An Autonomous Lutheran Church in Canada in a Time of Rising Nationalism Roger Ellis Concordia Seminary, St Concordia Seminary - Saint Louis Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary Masters of Divinity Thesis Concordia Seminary Scholarship 11-1-1971 An Autonomous Lutheran Church in Canada in a Time of Rising Nationalism Roger Ellis Concordia Seminary, St. Louis, [email protected] Follow this and additional works at: http://scholar.csl.edu/mdiv Part of the Christian Denominations and Sects Commons, Christianity Commons, and the History of Christianity Commons Recommended Citation Ellis, Roger, "An Autonomous Lutheran Church in Canada in a Time of Rising Nationalism" (1971). Masters of Divinity Thesis. 54. http://scholar.csl.edu/mdiv/54 This Thesis is brought to you for free and open access by the Concordia Seminary Scholarship at Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. It has been accepted for inclusion in Masters of Divinity Thesis by an authorized administrator of Scholarly Resources from Concordia Seminary. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CONCORDIA SEMINARY LIBRARY SL LOUIS, MISSOURI TABLE OF CONTENTS Page ' DEFINITION OF TERMS AND ABBREVIATIONS 0 90 90 0 INTRODUCTION Chapter I. FOUNDATIONS -- THE BEGINNINGS OF A CANADIAN LUTHERAN CHURCH 3 II. PERSPECTIVE: A CONTEMPORARY VIEW FROM WITHIN THE LUTHERAN CHURCH IN CANADA . tw 19 III, CANADA, CANADIANS, AND A TIME OF RISING NATIONALISM 31 TV. IN RETROSPECT AND WITH AN EYE TO THE FUTURE: THE LUTHERAN CHURCH IN CANADA . •• 0 45 BIBLIOGRAPHY 54 Definition of Terms and Abbreviations1 ELCC - The Evangelical Lutheran Church of Canada, which became an autonomous church on January 1, 1967. Prior to that date it was the Canadian District of The American Lutheran Church. LCA-CS - The Lutheran Church in America--Canada Section, a federation of the Eastern Canada Synod, the Central Canada Synod, and the Western Canada Synod of the Lutheran Church in America, organ- ized in 1963. LC-C - Lutheran Church--Canada a federation of the Ontario District, the Manitoba-Saskatchewan Dis- trict, and the Alberta-British Columbia District of the Lutheran Church--Missouri Synod, formed in 1958. JCILR - The Joint Commission on Inter Lutheran Relationships, composed of official representatives of LC-C, LCA- CS, and the ELCC, a commission whose purpose is to promote unity among Lutherans in Canada. Its immedi- ate concern is the establishment of altar and pulpit fellowship among all Lutheran churches in Canada. LCIC - The Lutheran Council in Canada, an agency of LC-C, ELCC, and LCA-CS, for doing on behalf of these churches tasks delegated by them to it, constituted in 1966. ALC - The American Lutheran Church, with headquarters at Minneapolis, Minnesota. The ELCC is affiliated with it. LCA - The Lutheran Church in America, with headquarters at New York. The synods named previously as compri- mising LCA-CS are Canadian synods of LCA. LCMS - The Lutheran Church - -Missouri Synod, with headquarters at St. Louis, Missouri. The districts that comprise LC-C are Canadian districts of LCMS. LCUSA - The Lutheran Council in the United States of America, an agency of ALC, LCA, and LCMS. It is the counter- part of LCIC, also constituted in 1966. Autonomy- means self-governing. The only Lutheran Church in Canada that is completely autonomous is ELCC. The Canadian Districts of the LCMS are currently discus- sing the question of autonomy under the umbrella of LC-C. 1. Resource Manual Area Discussions, Inter Lutheran Rela- tionships in Canada, JCILR, Winnipeg, 1970; p.3. (i) Lutheran - is not to be confused with union or merger. It Unity signifies a common underlying oneness (consensus) in articles of the Christian faith and in their application which permits total cooperation for union, if desirable. Unity among Lutherans is sought on the basis of their commitment to the Scriptures and the Lutheran Confessions. Lutheran - presupposes unity and implies dissolution of the Union Lutheran bodies as presently constituted to form a totally new united Lutheran Church in Canada. Altar and- has not always been understood in the same way. Pulpit Fel-For many it simply meant the exchange of pulpits lowship and the communing of members across synodical lines. In the six point definition agreed upon by the LCMS and ALC, however, the requirements for fellowship ai the same as for total merger. These six points have subsequently been accepted as a working defini- tion for the discussions in Canada: 1. Congregations of the synods may hold joint worship services. 2. Pastors of one synod may preach from the pulpits of congregations in the other synod. 3. Members in good standing in one synod may commune as guests at the altar of congre- gations in the other synod. 4. Members may transfer their membership from- congregations of one synod to congregations of the other synod. *5. Congregations of one synod may call as their pastors those who are on the clergy roster of the other synod. *6. Students may prepare for the holy ministry in the seminaries of either synod. Points 5 and 6 have not been fully imple- mented by the ALC and the LCMS. Special guidelines have been prepared setting forth accepted procedure in both instances. INTRODUCTION It is highly significant that the greatest difficulty in commencing church work on the basis of complete self support is usually found, not in newly established work, but in work that has long been established. Surely this shows the futility of a dependent policy. The dependence in which a Church is cradled tends to confine the Church to the cradle. The best bottle for an infant Church is independence. A dependent Church remains feeble. In this realization lies our real hope as missionaries. A new era in missions begins when this is underst od, for the way is then cleared for unfettered advance.o The first evidence of Christianity in Canada that is re- corded in history is found in the log of Jacques Cariter, the Mariner of St. Malo, who described his first voyage into the Gulf of the St. Lawrence in 1534. On (Friday) the twenty-fourth of the said month (of July), we had a cross made thirty feet high, which was put to- gether in the presence of a number of Indians on the point of the entrance to this harbour (GaspW) . We erected this cross on the point in their presence and they watched it being put together and set up. And when it had been raised in the air, we all knelt dor with our hands joined, worshipping it before them•••• Since that time the church has continued to plant the cross of Jesus Christ in the harbours of Canadian settlements across the land. The Lutheran Church has been in mission to Canadian settle- ments for a longer period of time than Canada has been a con- stituted Dominion. It is the intent of this paper to focus in on the mission of the Lutheran Church to Canada during the years of 1940 to the present particulary the late 1950's to present. Specifically we will look at the attempts of the LCMS, the LCA-CS, and the ELCC to move towards fellowship and an in- dependent Lutheran church in Canada. The majority of the his- torical material will be concerned with the LCMS because it is the more conservative doctrinally of the three bodies and is the only holdout to a Canadian Lutheran Union. 2 While this paper is concerned with the historical de- velopment of the fellowship discussions among the three church bodies it will be presented here in a cursory fashion for it is not the main intention of this paper to be a history. The LC-C has just commissioned the writing and publishing of a book on this very subject which is now available in paperback, writ- ten by the Rev. Albert Schwermann. What this paper will try to demonstrate and say is that the United States is a foreign country, different from Canada, and that in this time of ris- ing nationalism in Canada it is certainly questionable whether an American based church, which cannot help but make American programs and decisions since most of its constituents are American, can best identify with and minister to the needs of Canada and Canadians which in terms of both distance and knowledge are for the most part foreign to it. Hopefully this paper will demonstrate that these thoughts and attitudes are not merely thoseof this writer, nor of just Canadian based pastors; but it will attempt to show through quoting some men in position of authority in the church and by citing resolu- tions of the Missouri Synod that these are also the thoughts and attitudes of that synod and that by so doing we may encour- age not only the men in positions to bring about a truly Can- adian Lutheran Church but also the Canadian laity to make a firm and responsible pledge to effect this independent and autonomous Canadian ministry to the Canadian people from in- side Canada to the glory of God and the building of His kingdom. 1. Sidney J. W. Clark, Indigenous Fruits (London: World Dominion Press, 1933), p.27. 2. John S. Moir (ed.), The Cross in Canada (Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1966), p.l. CHAPTER I FOUNDATIONS -- THE BEGINNINGS OF A CANADIAN LUTHERAN CHURCH "Canada is a land of no one ideology, no single vision; it is a cultural freeport, a way station for travellers (who often move on soon to the other America), a no-man's-land even or at least no abiding city, a place not easily confused with paradise or the promised land."1 Yet to this land in the early 19th century came Lutheran settlers to conquer the land and make it their home. It was soon after in thetwenty years prior to Confederation that Lutheran pastors and the different Lutheran synods from the United States saw the need for min- istry among these Lutheran settlers and came to stay and make their place in an organized way in the Canadian frontier.
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