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Science and Technology of Advanced Materials iopscience.org/stam Open access journal Supported by Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Science and Technology of Advanced Materials How to submit your research Science and Technology of Advanced Materials (STAM) is one of the highest rated gold open access journals in materials science. After peer review and acceptance, authors will be asked to pay an article publication charge (APC) of ¥135000/US$1600/€1260/£1050. Once published, articles are freely available to read. To celebrate our 15th volume, during 2014, articles identifi ed by the Editorial Board as being of particularly high quality will have their article publication charge sponsored by the National Institute of Materials Science (NIMS) and the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology (Empa). Plan Consider the best way to structure your article before you start. Science and Technology of Advanced Materials does not have a template, but asks that you submit your manuscript in single-column format. Choose a title that best serves your needs – an eye-catching one to attract as many readers as possible, or a descriptive one to engage readers with a specifi c interest in your area. Give some thought to your abstract. It should very concisely describe the content of your article, and encourage readers to view the entire article. No jargon or undefi ned abbreviations should be used. Writing Be clear and concise. Consider the readership of the journal, bearing in mind the knowledge expected of that audience. All content of your article should be relevant to your main scientifi c result. Editing Have a look through previously published articles for examples of article formatting, particularly with respect to order, referencing style and capitalization. Once the draft is ready to be submitted to the journal, carry out one fi nal spelling and grammar check before submission. Submissions STAM publishes reviews and regular research articles. All articles must be written in English and pass the peer- review process. STAM operation is managed by the Editorial Offi ce, which should receive all related enquiries. STAM Headquarters Offi ce STAM Europe Editorial Offi ce Dr Takeshi Hatano Prof. Dr Harald Krug Scientifi c Information Offi ce Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) and Technology (Empa) Tsukuba, Japan Lerchenfeldstrasse 5, 9014 St. Gallen, Switzerland Tel +81 29 859 2494 Tel +41 58 765 74 00 Enquiries stam_offi [email protected] Enquiries stam_offi [email protected] Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Welcome Prof. Toyonobu Yoshida Editor-in-Chief 2014 marks 15 years since the launch of Science and Technology of Advanced Materials (STAM). In human terms the journal is junior-high-school age – young and having experienced many changes over the last five years. STAM was established in 2000 with the aim of being an international journal by publishing timely papers on scientific advances in materials science and engineering. The publication of the journal saw a turning point in 2005 when the management of the journal was transferred to the National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS) in Tsukuba from The University of Tokyo. Notably, STAM became an open access journal in 2008 and adopted an author-friendly Creative Commons non-commercial licence (CC-BY-NC). This new publication platform was changed in 2013 by introducing the article processing charge (APC), although downloading articles is still free of charge and the licence was changed again in 2014 to a less-restrictive CC-BY. On 27 January 2014, Empa, the Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology, and NIMS signed a five-year collaborative agreement on co-publishing STAM. Both Empa and NIMS are the leading materials science research institutes in their respective countries with histories spanning more than half a century. Starting from 2008 several measures have been introduced to improve the quality, variety and visibility of STAM articles, and to speed up the publication process. Most importantly, STAM has invested in proactive dissemination and distribution of information about the journal to build readership. For example, selected articles are promoted via press releases and free distribution of printed copies at major scientific events. The topical coverage has been widened from traditional metals and ceramics to biomaterials, green technology, nano-devices and other frontier areas. As a result, the impact factor of STAM saw a continuous rise from 1.267 in 2008 to the most recent value of 3.752 in 2012. STAM has become one of the major prominent materials science journals in the world and is currently ranked 35th among 239 journals worldwide in the category of “Materials Science & Multidisciplinary” by Thomson Reuters. Needless to say, STAM is the leading materials science journal published in Japan. These achievements are a result of steadfast and multi-faceted efforts by STAM editors, referees and authors, for which I am sincerely grateful. Yet there is still a lot more to be done and I welcome submissions of new findings, as well as suggestions and ideas on how to steer the management of the journal in the future. This collection features a selection of 15 outstanding articles published in STAM during the last 15 years. Although we strived to be objective and used multiple criteria in selecting these from hundreds of papers published in STAM, a number of worthy candidates had to be excluded. I hope that we will be able to acknowledge the omitted articles in other STAM publications. iopscience.org/stam/15th-anniversary 3 Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Contents Organic materials Challenges and breakthroughs in recent research on self-assembly 6 Katsuhiko Ariga, Jonathan P Hill, Michael V Lee, Ajayan Vinu, Richard Charvet and Somobrata Acharya Technological advances in electrospinning of nanofibers 7 Wee-Eong Teo, Ryuji Inai and Seeram Ramakrishna Biomaterials Recent research and development in titanium alloys for biomedical applications and healthcare goods 8 Mitsuo Niinomi Porous hydroxyapatite for artificial bone applications 9 I Sopyan, M Mel, S Ramesh and K A Khalid Bioinspired phospholipid polymer biomaterials for making high performance artificial organs 9 K Ishihara Electronics Silicon-based oxynitride and nitride phosphors for white LEDs—A review 10 Rong-Jun Xie and Naoto Hirosaki Present status of amorphous In–Ga–Zn–O thin-film transistors 11 Toshio Kamiya, Kenji Nomura and Hideo Hosono Solid State Ionics: from Michael Faraday to green energy—the European dimension 12 Klaus Funke 4 iopscience.org/stam/15th-anniversary Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Environment Nitrogen-doped titanium dioxide photocatalysts for visible response prepared by 13 using organic compounds Yoshio Nosaka, Masami Matsushita, Junichi Nishino and Atsuko Y Nosaka The effect of nanocrystalline magnetite size on arsenic removal 14 J T Mayo, C Yavuz, S Yean, L Cong, H Shipley, W Yu, J Falkner, A Kan, M Tomson and V L Colvin Recent progress in mesoporous titania materials: adjusting morphology for innovative applications 15 Juan L Vivero-Escoto, Ya-Dong Chiang, Kevin C-W Wu and Yusuke Yamauchi Dispersion and surface functionalization of oxide nanoparticles for transparent photocatalytic 16 and UV-protecting coatings and sunscreens Bertrand Faure, German Salazar-Alvarez, Anwar Ahniyaz, Irune Villaluenga, Gemma Berriozabal, Yolanda R De Miguel and Lennart Bergström Ceramics Hydrothermal growth of ZnO nanostructures 17 Sunandan Baruah and Joydeep Dutta Point defects in ZnO: an approach from first principles 18 Fumiyasu Oba, Minseok Choi, Atsushi Togo and Isao Tanaka Metals Progress in thermomechanical control of steel plates and their commercialization 19 Kiyoshi Nishioka and Kazutoshi Ichikawa iopscience.org/stam/15th-anniversary 5 Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Science and Technology of Advanced Materials Organic materials EDITOR’S Challenges and breakthroughs in recent research on self-assembly CHOICE Katsuhiko Ariga, Jonathan P Hill, Michael V Lee, Ajayan Vinu, Richard Charvet and Somobrata Acharya 2008 Sci. Technol. Adv. Mater. 9 014109 Controlled production of nanometre-scale objects is a key issue of the current science and technology. “Top-down” fabrication techniques, such as lithography, are limited in the size of resulting structures and in the range of suitable bulk materials, urging development of Katsuhiko Ariga alternative (“bottom-up”) approaches based on self-assembly of individual molecules. This review covers a wide variety of self-assembly processes and introduces recent breakthroughs in (i) types of self-assembly in bulk media, (ii) types of components for self-assembly in bulk media and (iii) self-assembly at interfaces. It summarizes them according to the length scale as follows. At the smallest scale, structural control over molecular arrays yields nano-objects, whose properties are mostly affected by molecular attributes such as morphology and arrangement of functional groups. Yet for larger, micron-sized objects, optimization of hierarchical processes is becoming more important than molecular structure in creating novel materials. Self-assembly processes are also efficient in fabrication of macroscopic objects with a nanostructure. As those processes involve individual molecules, their use