El Imperio Hispánico Y Los Cinco Reinos
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Constructing the Cámara Santa: Architecture, History, and Authority in Medieval Oviedo
Constructing the Cámara Santa: Architecture, History, and Authority in Medieval Oviedo by Flora Thomas Ward A thesis submitted in conformity with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Department of Art University of Toronto © Copyright by Flora Thomas Ward 2014 Constructing the Cámara Santa: Architecture, History, and Authority in Medieval Oviedo Flora Thomas Ward Doctor of Philosophy Department of Art University of Toronto 2014 Abstract My dissertation examines the Cámara Santa of the Cathedral of Oviedo as both a medieval and modern monument, shaped by twelfth-century bishops and twentieth-century restorers. I consider the space as a multi-media ensemble, containing manuscripts, metalwork, and sculpture, arguing that we must view it as a composite—if fragmented—whole. My analysis focuses on the twelfth century, a crucial period during which the structure, decoration, and contents of the Cámara Santa were reworked. A key figure in this story is Bishop Pelayo of Oviedo (d. 1153), who sought to enhance the antiquity and authority of the see of Oviedo by means of the cult of its most important reliquary: the Arca Santa. I argue that this reliquary shapes the form and function of the twelfth-century Cámara Santa, considering the use of the space in the context of liturgy and pilgrimage. Finally, I consider the sculpture that lines the walls of the space, arguing that it animates and embodies the relics contained within the Arca Santa, interacting with the pilgrims and canons who used the space. Thus, this sculpture represents the culmination of the long twelfth-century transformation of the Cámara Santa into a space of pilgrimage focused around the Arca Santa and the memory of the early medieval patrons of the Cathedral of Oviedo, a memory which abides to this day. -
University of Texas at Arlington Dissertation Template
CONQUEST COLONIZATION AND THE CROSS: RELIGIOUS ASPECTS OF THE CONQUEST AND COLONIZATION OF HONDURAS 1524-1700 by CHAD McCUTCHEN Presented to the Faculty of the Graduate School of The University of Texas at Arlington in Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ARTS IN HISTORY THE UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS AT ARLINGTON May 2011 Copyright © by Chad McCutchen 2011 All Rights Reserved ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS I would not have been able to accomplish this thesis without the help of several individuals. I would like to first acknowledge Dr. Douglas Richmond who introduced me to the idea of studying Honduras, and served as my committee chair mentoring me throughout the process. I also owe thanks to Dr. Kim Breuer and Dr. Sarah Davis-Secord for their assistance in this work and their continual support serving on my thesis committee. I would also like to thank the staff at the special collections for being very accommodating during the research process. Outside of the University of Texas at Arlington I owe special thanks to Omar Fiallos who assisted me in Honduras in accessing the Archivo Nacional in Tegucigalpa as well as helping me tour the region around the capital. In addition I would like to thank the people at the Archivo Genral de Centro América in Guatemala City who helped my research there. Personally, I owe a special thanks to my girlfriend Peggy Dillon who has supported me throughout the research and writing of this thesis. Finally, I owe the largest debt of gratitude to my mother and my late father who have always supported me in all my endeavors, and who have been, and will continue to be a positive influence in life. -
The Self-Coronations of Iberian Kings: a Crooked Line
THE SELF-Coronations OF IBERIAN KINGS: A CROOKED LINE JAUME AURELL UNIVERSIDAD DE NAVARRA SpaIN Date of receipt: 10th of March, 2012 Final date of acceptance: 4th of March, 2014 ABSTRACT This article focuses on the practice of self-coronation among medieval Iberian Castilian kings and its religious, political, and ideological implications. The article takes Alfonso XI of Castile self-coronation (1332) as a central event, and establishes a conceptual genealogy, significance, and relevance of this self-coronation, taking Visigothic, Asturian, Leonese, and Castilian chronicles as a main source, and applying political theology as a methodology. The gesture of self-coronation has an evident transgressive connotation which deserves particular attention, and could throw some light upon the traditional debate on the supposed “un-sacred” kingship of Castilian kings1. KEY WORDS Coronation, Unction, Castile, Monarchy, Political Theology. CAPITALIA VERBA Coronatio, Unctio, Castella, Monarchia, Theologia politica. IMAGO TEMPORIS. MEDIUM AEVUM, VIII (2014) 151-175. ISSN 1888-3931 151 152 JAUME AURELL 1Historians have always been fascinated by the quest for origins. Alfonso XI of Castile and Peter IV of Aragon’s peculiar and transgressive gestures of self-coronation in the fourteenth century are very familiar to us, narrated in detail as they are in their respective chronicles2. Yet, their ritual transgression makes us wonder why they acted in this way, whether there were any precedents for this particular gesture, and to what extent they were aware of the different rates at which the anointing and coronation ceremonies were introduced into their own kingdoms, in their search for justification of the self-coronation3. -
Matthew Bailey Professor of Spanish & Department Chair Department of Romance Languages Washington and Lee University Lexington, VA 24450 540-458-8160 [email protected]
CURRICULUM VITAE Matthew Bailey Professor of Spanish & Department Chair Department of Romance Languages Washington and Lee University Lexington, VA 24450 540-458-8160 [email protected] EDUCATION 1989: PhD, Spanish, Tulane University: “Words and Meaning in the Poema del Cid and the Poema de Fernán González,” Director, Thomas Montgomery 1984: MA, Spanish, Tulane University: “Syntactic Patterns in the Mocedades de Rodrigo,” Director, Thomas Montgomery 1977: BA, Spanish, University of Maine, Orono (1 yr. Universidad de Sevilla) ACADEMIC APPOINTMENTS Professor, Washington and Lee University, 2008-present Associate Professor with Tenure, University of Texas, 1998-2008 Assistant Professor, University of Texas, 1994-1998 Assistant Professor, College of the Holy Cross, 1989-1994 Visiting Assistant Professor, Colby College, 1988-1989 Teaching Assistant, Tulane University, 1980-1988 Instructor of ESL and Spanish, Seville, Spain, 1977-1980 RESEARCH INTERESTS Literature and culture of medieval Iberia (Spain and Portugal), Epic narrative, Intersections of legend and history in medieval historiography RECENT COURSES The Portuguese Caminho de Santiago (includes walking the pilgrim route) Seville and the Foundations of Spanish Civilization (taught in Seville, Spain) The Medieval Epic: From Beowulf to Game of Thrones Gender, Desire and Social Repression in Early Spanish Literature. DISSERTATIONS SUPERVISED Fátima Alfonso-Pinto, “The Crónica de Cinco Reis de Portugal: The Influence of Castilian Historiography on the Epic Tradition of D. Afonso Henriques,” May 1999. Jane Zackin, “A Jew and his Milieu: Allegory, Discourse, and Jewish Thought in Sem Tov's Proverbios morales and Ma'aseh ha Rav,” October 2008. María Rebeca Castellanos, "Foundational Myths of Medieval Spain: The Rape of Count Julian's Daughter," November 2009. -
And Twelfth-Century Perspectives on State Building in the Iberian Peninsula
Eleventh- and twelfth-century perspectives on state building in the Iberian peninsula Article Published Version Purkis, W. J. (2010) Eleventh- and twelfth-century perspectives on state building in the Iberian peninsula. Reading Medieval Studies, XXXVI. pp. 57-75. ISSN 0950-3129 Available at http://centaur.reading.ac.uk/84230/ It is advisable to refer to the publisher’s version if you intend to cite from the work. See Guidance on citing . Publisher: University of Reading All outputs in CentAUR are protected by Intellectual Property Rights law, including copyright law. Copyright and IPR is retained by the creators or other copyright holders. Terms and conditions for use of this material are defined in the End User Agreement . www.reading.ac.uk/centaur CentAUR Central Archive at the University of Reading Reading’s research outputs online 57 Eleventh- and Twelfth-Century Perspectives on State Building in the Iberian Peninsula William J. Purkis Um'versity ofBirmingham The process of state-building was a defIning characteristic of later medieval European history and rightly holds a prominent place in both general and region specific studies of the period. ' The history of the Iberian peninsula i,>certainly no exception to rhis rule, but unlike other 'regions of the medieval West the process of stare-building in Iberia is closely associated with another, more localised, historical and historiographical phenomenon: the Reconqw'sta. As Angus MacKay pointed out in 1977, for many scholars 'the related concepts of the frontier and the reconquest provide the key to Spanish historical development',' morc recendy, and with reference to the kingdom of Portugal, Stephen Lay has argued that 'the successful prosecution of the reconquest appears to have been intricately interconnected with a process of national ronnation'. -
La Conquista Y El Imperio En Los Reinados De Alfonso VI Y Alfonso VII” P
Hélène Sirantoine “Exclusión e integración: la conquista y el imperio en los reinados de Alfonso VI y Alfonso VII” p. 321-354 El mundo de los conquistadores Martín F. Ríos Saloma (edición) México Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas / Silex Ediciones 2015 864 p. Ilustraciones (Serie Historia General, 34) ISBN 978-607-02-7530-2 (UNAM) ISBN 978-84-7737-888-4 (Sílex) Formato: PDF Publicado en línea: 8 de mayo de 2017 Disponible en: http://www.historicas.unam.mx/publicaciones/publicadigital /libros/mundo/conquistadores.html DR © 2017, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México-Instituto de Investigaciones Históricas. Se autoriza la reproducción sin fines lucrativos, siempre y cuando no se mutile o altere; se debe citar la fuente completa y su dirección electrónica. De otra forma, se requiere permiso previo por escrito de la institución. Dirección: Circuito Mtro. Mario de la Cueva s/n, Ciudad Universitaria, Coyoacán, 04510. Ciudad de México EXCLUSIÓN E INTEGRACIÓN: LA CONQUISTA Y EL IMPERIO EN LOS REINADOS DE ALFONSO VI Y ALFONSO VII• Hélène Sirantoine University of Sidney, SOPHI, Department of History INTRODUCCIÓN Con anterioridad al imperio español en América, existió en la España medieval otro imperio, aunque tuvo un alcance mucho menor. Lo que con ostentación llamamos «imperio hispánico me- dieval» hace referencia al título de imperator que fue atribuido a unos cuantos reyes asturleoneses y luego castellanoleoneses de los siglos ix a xii, así como al aparato imperial con los que fue caracte- rizado su poder. Al principio el fenómeno fue más bien algo pun- tual. Posteriormente adquirió un desarrollo más efectivo, con los reinados de dos soberanos en particular: Alfonso VI (1065-1109), y su nieto Alfonso VII (1126-1157), que fueron ambos reyes de Cas- tilla y León y «emperadores de toda Hispania» (imperatores totius Hispaniae). -
Bartolomé De Las Casas, Soldiers of Fortune, And
HONOR AND CARITAS: BARTOLOMÉ DE LAS CASAS, SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE, AND THE CONQUEST OF THE AMERICAS Dissertation Submitted To The College of Arts and Sciences of the UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for The Degree Doctor of Philosophy in Theology By Damian Matthew Costello UNIVERSITY OF DAYTON Dayton, Ohio August 2013 HONOR AND CARITAS: BARTOLOMÉ DE LAS CASAS, SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE, AND THE CONQUEST OF THE AMERICAS Name: Costello, Damian Matthew APPROVED BY: ____________________________ Dr. William L. Portier, Ph.D. Committee Chair ____________________________ Dr. Sandra Yocum, Ph.D. Committee Member ____________________________ Dr. Kelly S. Johnson, Ph.D. Committee Member ____________________________ Dr. Anthony B. Smith, Ph.D. Committee Member _____________________________ Dr. Roberto S. Goizueta, Ph.D. Committee Member ii ABSTRACT HONOR AND CARITAS: BARTOLOMÉ DE LAS CASAS, SOLDIERS OF FORTUNE, AND THE CONQUEST OF THE AMERICAS Name: Costello, Damian Matthew University of Dayton Advisor: Dr. William L. Portier This dissertation - a postcolonial re-examination of Bartolomé de las Casas, the 16th century Spanish priest often called “The Protector of the Indians” - is a conversation between three primary components: a biography of Las Casas, an interdisciplinary history of the conquest of the Americas and early Latin America, and an analysis of the Spanish debate over the morality of Spanish colonialism. The work adds two new theses to the scholarship of Las Casas: a reassessment of the process of Spanish expansion and the nature of Las Casas’s opposition to it. The first thesis challenges the dominant paradigm of 16th century Spanish colonialism, which tends to explain conquest as the result of perceived religious and racial difference; that is, Spanish conquistadors turned to military force as a means of imposing Spanish civilization and Christianity on heathen Indians. -
Emma of Normandy, Urraca of León-Castile and Teresa of Portugal
Universidade de Lisboa Faculdade de Letras The power of the Genitrix - Gender, legitimacy and lineage: Emma of Normandy, Urraca of León-Castile and Teresa of Portugal Ana de Fátima Durão Correia Tese orientada pela Profª Doutora Ana Maria S.A. Rodrigues, especialmente elaborada para a obtenção do grau de Mestre em História do Género 2015 Contents Acknowledgments……………………………………………………………. 3-4 Resumo............................................................................................................... 5 Abstract............................................................................................................. 6 Abbreviations......................................................................................................7 Introduction………………………………………………………………..….. 8-20 Chapter 1: Three queens, three lives.................................................................21 -44 1.1-Emma of Normandy………………………………………………....... 21-33 1-2-Urraca of León-Castile......................................................................... 34-39 1.3-Teresa of Portugal................................................................................. 39- 44 Chapter 2: Queen – the multiplicity of a title…………………………....… 45 – 88 2.1 – Emma, “the Lady”........................................................................... 47 – 67 2.2 – Urraca, regina and imperatrix.......................................................... 68 – 81 2.3 – Teresa of Portugal and her path until regina..................................... 81 – 88 Chapter 3: Image -
El Derrumbamiento Del Califato. Los Reinos De Taifas Y El Sistema De Las Parias”
ISSN 1988-6047 DEP. LEGAL: GR 2922/2007 Nº 41– MES ABRIL DE 2011 “EL DERRUMBAMIENTO DEL CALIFATO. LOS REINOS DE TAIFAS Y EL SISTEMA DE LAS PARIAS” AUTORÍA MARÍA JESÚS COEÑA DEL REAL TEMÁTICA CONOCIMIENTO DEL MEDIO, CIENCIAS SOCIALES ETAPA EI, EP, ESO Resumen Tras el derrumbamiento de al-Andalus se va a producir un cambio en las relaciones de poder entre musulmanes y cristianos y será entonces cuando verdaderamente se dé un impulso a la Reconquista. Pero a ello se sumaron otras circunstancias, como fue el hecho del inicio de las Cruzadas, así como un indiscutible crecimiento demográfico y una serie de innovaciones técnicas de carácter militar cuyo uso contribuyó a la recuperación de las tierras poseídas por los musulmanes. Palabras clave CALIFATO, REINOS TAIFAS, PARIAS, REINOS CRISTIANOS, RECONQUISTA, EXPANSIÓN, 1. FORMACIÓN Y EVOLUCIÓN DE LOS REINOS DE TAIFAS. EL SISTEMA DE PARIAS Tras la anarquía que entre 1009 y 1032 sembró en al-Andalus la fitna o guerra civil, se asiste a la desmembración del territorio andalusí en numerosos estados regidos por reyezuelos árabes, beréberes o muladíes que adoptaron el título de hachib para mantener la ficción del Califato, si bien cada uno de ellos aspiraba a restablecer el Califato en su persona. ¿Supuso ello la decadencia de al- Andalus?. Sólo relativamente, pues si bien es cierto que los reinos cristianos pudieron explotar más fácilmente los recursos de estos monarcas, planteando una grave crisis fiscal que facilitaría la posterior invasión almorávide, no es menos cierto que algunos de estos reinos de taifas alcanzaron una notable prosperidad material que superaba con mucho la todavía civilización rural de los cristianos del Norte. -
Islam and the West: a View from Twelfth-Century León
ISLAM AND THE WEST: A VIEW FROM TWELFTH-CENTURY LEÓN Simon Barton (University of Exeter) Richard Fletcher once trenchantly described the twelfth-century king- dom of León as a “historiographical desert”.1 And with good reason. Compared to other regions of the Latin West, precious few works of historical literature were composed in León—or indeed in any of the other kingdoms of Christian Iberia—during the period in question, and the four centuries prior to that had been even more barren.2 To com- pound matters, for reasons that have never been satisfactorily explained, the writing of history as an intellectual pursuit seems to have withered away to a large extent after about 1150, until it was resumed with gusto by Lucas of Tuy, Juan of Osma3 and Rodrigo of Toledo during the third and fourth decades of the thirteenth century. Thankfully, however, there are a few precious oases to be found amid this depressingly bleak liter- ary landscape. One such is the Historia Silense, a composite miscellany of Leonese dynastic history, which was in all probability composed by an inmate of the monastery of San Isidoro de León some time between 1109 and 1118.4 Another is the Historia Compostellana, which relates 1 R. A. Fletcher, The Episcopate in the Kingdom of León in the Twelfth Century (Oxford, 1978), 27. 2 Benito Sánchez Alonso, Historia de la historiografía española, 1 (Madrid, 1947) provides an overview, but is in urgent need of updating. On the twelfth-century, see Raymond McCluskey, “Malleable Accounts: Views of the Past in Twelfth-Century Iberia”, in The Perception of the Past in Twelfth-Century Europe, ed. -
La Situación Política De Castilla a Fines Del Siglo Xiii
LA SITUACIÓN POLÍTICA DE CASTILLA A FINES DEL SIGLO XIII Miguel-Ángel LADERO QUESADA La conquista del reino de Murcia por Jaime II en 1296 y la incorporación de una parte del mismo a la Corona de Aragón, integrándolo en el de Valencia, en 1304, es el objeto o motivo principal de este Congreso y, a siete siglos de distancia, podemos considerarla en sí misma, analizando los detalles de la intervención militar y el juego de relaciones políticas entre los reinos de Aragón, Castilla, Portugal, Granada y Fran cia que la hicieron posible, o bien podemos situar aquellos acontecimientos en con textos temporales y arguméntales mayores, de tipo geohistórico, estructural y coyun- tural pero sin perder de vista que los sucesos no fueron consecuencia necesaria o resultado ineluctable de esas tendencias y realidades históricas más amplias sino una posibilidad —la que realmente ocurrió— entre otras que también podrían haber ocurri do. Procuraré combinar ambos procedimientos, estudiando la cuestión desde el punto de vista castellano para permitir su contraste con los que han adoptado otros ponentes. I. ESTRATEGIAS DE EXPANSIÓN Y COLONIZACIÓN La primera intención de control político del Levante andalusí por parte de los reyes de Castilla y León se había manifestado con el establecimiento de protectorado militar y percepción de parias sobre el taifa de Zaragoza, desde los últimos años de Fernan do I y en el reinado de Alfonso VI, y con las actividades de este monarca en el S.E. (dominio del enclave de Aledo) y, en especial, del Cid, que bloquea los intentos de cobro de parias y control militar de los condes de Barcelona y domina Valencia duran te unos años. -
Becoming Alfonso VI: the King, His Sister and the Arca Santa Reliquary
Becoming Alfonso VI: the king, his sister and the arca santa reliquary Rose WALKER The Courtauld Institute of Art Alfonso VI became the ruler of a vast kingdom and far outstripped his pred- ecessors in the extent of his sway. Yet few would have predicted this at his birth in c.1040. A series of events between that moment and his triumph in 1072 shaped the king that was to rule a reunited León, Castile and Galicia, and from 1085 Toledo. His parents, Fernando I and Sancha, defined him by giving him a name, Adefonsus. Even more than the family names Sancho and García that were given to his broth- ers, Adefonsus came with a legacy, material and immaterial. It was not a surprising choice of name as it was that of his maternal grandfather, Alfonso V, King of León. Before him and his ancestor Alfonso IV, it had been the name of two of the most successful early kings of Asturias, Alfonso II and Alfonso III. Both had become symbols of ideal kingship: Alfonso II was celebrated for his piety and purity, whilst Alfonso III’s reputation rested more on his conquests. The Crónica de Alfonso III attributed to ‘the great king’, Alfonso II, the building of the basilica of San Salva- dor in Oviedo, with its two groups of six altars dedicated to the apostles, as well as a church to the Virgin.1 Alfonso III was acknowledged as a restorer of churches and a builder of palaces in Oviedo, but the paean to him, recorded in the Crónica Albeldense, concentrated first on his manly virtues and praised him for being ‘illus- trious amongst the Asturians, strong amid the Vascones, vengeful to the Arabs and protective of his citizens’.2 It was nonetheless careful to recognise that his victories were holy and that they had been given to the prince (princeps) through the aid of Christ, his leader and guide (dux).