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Middle East Meteorology - H.M
TROPICAL METEOROLOGY- Middle East Meteorology - H.M. Hasanean MIDDLE EAST METEOROLOGY H.M. Hasanean Meteorology Department, Faculty of Meteorology, Environment and Arid Land Agriculture, King Abdulaziz University Keywords: Middle East Meteorology, Arid and sub arid climate, Dust storm, Climate change, Circulation systems. Contents 1. Introduction 1.1 Middle East Definition 1.2 Overview of the Middle East Climate 2. Regional climate in the Middle East climate 2.1 Climate of Egypt 2.2 Climate of the Arabian Peninsula an Overview 2.3 Climate of Syria 2.4 Climate of Lebanon 2.5 Climate Jordan 2.6 Climate of Israel and Palestine 2.7 Climate of Cyprus 2.8 Climate of Iraq 2.9 Climate of Turkey 2.10 Climate of Iran 3. Dust storms over the Middle East 3.1 Types of Dust Storms 3.2 Synoptic Analysis of Dust Storms in the Middle East 4. Climate change over the Middle East climate 5. Climate change impacts on water resources in Middle East 6. Circulation systems affect the climate of the Middle East 6.1 Impact of the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) on Middle Eastern Climate 6.2 Impact of the El Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) on Middle East Climate 6.3 The Role of Highs Pressure (Siberian and Subtropical High Pressure) and Indian Low Pressure on Middle Eastern Climate 6.4 The roleUNESCO of Jet streams on Middle East – Climate EOLSS 7. Conclusion Acknowledgements Glossary SAMPLE CHAPTERS Bibliography Biographical Sketch Summary The Middle East is a region that spans southwestern Asia, western Asia, and northeastern Africa. Although much of the Middle East region has a Mediterranean climate type, i.e. -
Fuzzy Modeling of the Climate Change Effect to Drought and to Wild Fires in Cyprus
Fuzzy Modeling of the Climate Change Effect to Drought and to Wild Fires in Cyprus Xanthos Papakonstantinou1, Lazaros S Iliadis1, Elias Pimenidis2, Fotis Maris1 1Department of Forestry and Management of the Environment and Natural Resources, Democritus University of Thrace, Pandazidou 193, Orestiada, PC 68200, Greece [email protected], [email protected] 2 School of Computing IT and Engineering, University of East London UK Abstract. This is an intelligent modeling of the evolution of drought and forest fires, due to climate change in Cyprus. Original annual wild fire data records (1979-2009) and data regarding meteorological parameters were used. A flexible modeling approach was proposed towards the determination of drought risk indices in all of the country. Cyprus was divided in eight polygons corresponding to eight meteorological stations. A Fuzzy Inference Rule Based System (FIRBS) was developed to produce the drought risk indices vectors for the forest regions under study. An analysis of the spatial distribution of the heat index vectors was performed. Forest fires distribution through the island was addressed. All of the results were stored by using an ArcGIS, (version 9.3) spatial data base that enables more comprehensive presentation of the most risky areas. There is a significant increase of drought in the island and this has a serious effect in the problems of forest fires and heat indices. Keywords: Climate Change, Fuzzy Inference System, Fuzzy Drought Indices, Heat Index, Wild Fires 1 Introduction According to Olej and Hardi [1-2] sustainable development is understood as the one that ensures the fulfillment of the needs of contemporary society without jeopardizing the opportunity to meet the needs of future generations and at the same time it improves the quality of life while living within the carrying capacity of supporting ecosystems. -
SELECT COMMITTEE on OLYMPIC and PARALYMPIC LEGACY Oral and Written Evidence
SELECT COMMITTEE ON OLYMPIC AND PARALYMPIC LEGACY Oral and written evidence Contents Active in Time Ltd—Written evidence ................................................................................................. 3 Association for Physical Education (afPE)—Written evidence ......................................................... 8 Big Lottery Fund—Written evidence .................................................................................................. 16 BioRegional—Written evidence ........................................................................................................... 21 Boff, Andrew—Written evidence ........................................................................................................ 24 Boggis, Emma—Written evidence ........................................................................................................ 35 British Gliding Association (BGA)—Written evidence ................................................................... 49 British Standards Institution (BSI)—Written evidence .................................................................... 51 British Swimming and the Amateur Swimming Association—Written evidence ...................... 55 British Paralympic Association (BPA)—Written evidence ............................................................. 64 Community Safety Social Inclusion Scrutiny Commission—Written evidence ......................... 70 Dorset County Council—Written evidence .................................................................................... -
My Experiences of Cyprus — — — — — — — — — — —
f California Regional Facility ^ UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA AT LOS ANGELES UNIVEKSITY of CAL1F0K1«<1A AT LOS ANGELES LIBRARY MY EXPERIENCES OF CYPRUS — — — — — — — — — — — SOME PRESS OPINIONS ON THE ORIGINAL EDITION OF THIS WORK (1906) " A bright account of a beautiful island by one with exceptional opportunities of knowing both the place and the people." Standard. " The remarkable series of photographs illustrating the traveller's record should alone inspire readers with the desire to visit Cyprus. The book is, altogether, thoroughly worth reading." Westminster Gazette. " A very interesting account of the life on the island, its history, and the cities which adorn it. Full of interest to the archaeologist and the historian. Indeed the book is most interesting, and the numerous photo- graphs are admirable." Daily Telegraph. " Many questions of policy and administration are discussed in a manner that derives additional weight from the author's close acquaintance with the conditions, and the book will be appreciated not only by travellers but also by the British tax- payer." Morning Post. " Mr. Stewart has written an interesting book on Cyprus, and indeed no mind with a sense for history and legend could fail to be inspired by an island whose annals incarnate all the romance of the Crusades." Tribune. " Very pleasantly does the author describe his visit to these historic places. He has not attempted a learned book, but has given us one that is not without instruc- tion." Liverpool Daily Post. "There are hints and suggestions which make a perusal of the book well worth the while of the politician." Glasgow Herald. -
CIVA Plenary Minutes
OFFICIAL MINUTES FAI International Aerobatics Commission (CIVA) Meeting Held in Lausanne, Switzerland - 6th-7th November 1999 OPENING REMARKS AND INTRODUCTIONS President Michael Heuer opened the meeting at 09.00 on Saturday, 6th November, 1999. President Heuer introduced FAI President Eilif Ness, FAI Secretary-General Max Bishop, WAG Managing Director Srecko Medven and Officers of CIVA. President Heuer expressed regret that Secretary Veva Becker could not attend. A welcome was extended to all Delegates and Observers and participants were reminded that speaking rights are reserved for Delegates only. Delegates were also reminded that nominations close at end of meeting on Saturday. Apologies were received from Veva Becker Secretary of CIVA and Mr.. Zoltan Veres Delegate for Hungary. Proxies were tabled: Belgium to France, Ireland to USA. A minute of silence was held in memory of Peter Celliers, Ivan Tucek, Pavol Cico, and Frank Price. President Heuer presented FAI Air Sports Medals to Hans Bauer (accepted by Ernst Paukner), Rudy Penteado, and Hans Vogtmann for their outstanding contributions to aerobatics. 1. FAI REPORT Secretary-General Max Bishop reported the following: • New FAI polo shirts are available for sale. • The move to Lausanne one year ago has been a great success. Full support has been received from the IOC and other sports federations. • TWI contract: FAI has financed production of TV programs, e.g. EAC. This has been a great success – production sold on 5 continents. Coverage brings aerobatics to a wider public. • FAI Web Site – good progress has been achieved. Site run by Thierry Montigneaux. • FAI Enterprise and WAG • FAI World Grand Prix, World Hang Gliding and Round the World Balloon Race. -
Reconciliation and Social Action in Cyprus: Citizens' Inertia and The
RECONCILIATION AND SOCIAL ACTION IN CYPRUS: CITIZENS’ INERTIA AND THE PROTRACTED STATE OF LIMBO Nicos Trimikliniotis* Abstract This paper will attempt to chart a normative framework for action for a social politics of reconciliation via a course for citizens’ action across the ethnic divide of Cyprus. It will attempt to consider the context and content of reconciliation in Cyprus at this time and examine the various ‘routes’ to reconciliation, in terms of locating their theoretical, philosophical and ethical points of reference. Whilst ‘reconciliation’ is something that normally takes place after a settlement, the groundwork (conceptual, political and societal) needs to begin whenever the potential is there: the protracted state of limbo that characterises the Cyprus problem as well as the opening of the checkpoints in April 2003 make the ideas of rapprochement, reconciliation and cooperation realisable en mass immediately. Also, the idea of ‘anchoring’ the reconciliation processes to the specific context of Cyprus is essential if the project is to survive, expand and be legitimised in the eyes of ‘ordinary’ people, institutions and political forces. The paper aims to locate the possible common threads that permeate the various ‘routes’; whilst at the same time it locates the limits and boundaries of ‘common’ elements. Moreover, the paper attempts to ‘demystify’ and deconstruct the concept in terms of the potential for ‘transformation’ of this particular ethno-national conflict. In this, we need to appreciate (a) the multi-dimensionality of ethno-national conflict within class-divided societies which manifest themselves in tandem with other contestations and (b) evaluate the processes by which ideas about ‘reconciliation’ become hegemonic, the role of social forces and the state(s). -
2Nd Report on the National Risk Assesssment of The
1 2ND REPORT ON THE NATIONAL RISK ASSESSSMENT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS CYPRUS CIVIL DEFENCE DEPARTMENT, MINISTRY OF INTERIOR DECEMBER 2016 2ND NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS 2 Publisher Republic of Cyprus Ministry of Interior, Cyprus Civil Defence 23 Kennedy, 2314 Lakatamia, Nicosia, Cyprus-P.O.Box 23830, CY 1686 Nicosia, Cyprus Tel. 0035722403450 Email [email protected] Editor/Contact Person Nicholas Paris Head of the Directorate of European and International Relationships 23 Kennedy, 2314 Lakatamia, Nicosia, Cyprus-P.O.Box 23830, CY 1686 Nicosia, Cyprus Tel. 0035722403429, Mob.0035799564008 Email [email protected] 2ND NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS 3 LIST OF CONTRIBUTORS TO THIS REPORT Government Departments: Department of Environment, Cyprus Cyprus Civil Defence Department of Meteorology, Cyprus Department of Forests, Cyprus Water Development Department, Cyprus Department of Fisheries and Marine Studies, Cyprus Agricultural Research Institute, Cyprus Geological Survey Department, Cyprus Department of Lands and Surveys, Cyprus Antiquities Department, Cyprus Public Works Department, Cyprus Road Transport Department, Cyprus Civil Aviation Department, Cyprus Department of Hygiene Services, Cyprus Department of Town Planning and Housing, Cyprus Hunting Fund, Cyprus Department of Statistics, Cyprus Medical Services, Cyprus Cyprus Energy Regularity Authority, Cyprus Commissioner of Electronic Communications and Postal Regulation of Cyprus 2ND NATIONAL RISK ASSESSMENT REPORT OF THE REPUBLIC OF CYPRUS 4 Other Organizations: Advanced Environmental Studies S.A, Greece G. Karavokyris & Partners Consulting Engineers S.A, Greece Dionysis Toumazis & Associates, Cyprus Agricultural University of Athens (AUA), Greece Cyprus Institute, Cyprus Individual Professionals and Academics: Chistopoulou, A., Dr, Biologist, PhD in Forest Ecology and Management. -
Spatial and Temporal Characterization of Olive Mill Wastewater in Cyprus
SPATIAL AND TEMPORAL CHARACTERIZATION OF OLIVE MILL WASTEWATER IN CYPRUS C. C. ANASTASIOU*1, P. GRAFIAS2, T. P. LAMBROU3, A. KALLI1 *Corresponding Author – e-mail: [email protected] 1Department of Civil Engineering, Frederick University, 7 Y. Frederikou Street, 1036 Nicosia, Cyprus 2Frederick Research Centre, Frederick University, 7 Y. Frederikou Street, 1036 Nicosia, Cyprus 3KIOS Research Center for Intelligent Systems and Networks, University of Cyprus, Nicosia, Cyprus SUMMARY: Cyprus belongs to the group of Mediterranean countries which have difficulties in dealing with Olive Mill Wastewater (OMWW) management and treatment. To better facilitate subsequent management and treatment measures to be enforced in Cyprus, a survey that seeks to spatially and temporally characterize OMWW on the island was undertaken. Our survey identified that 26 olive mills were in operation during the years 2010-2012, producing an estimated 60,000 tons of OMWW per year. A spatial map of the industry was produced during the first half of our survey. In the second half, eight olive mills were selected for sampling and analysis of wastewater based on factors that could influence the composition of OMWW produced on each site. OMWW samples were being tested for chemical and biochemical oxygen demand (COD, BOD), nitrogen and phosphorous content, pH, total phenolic content, color, total suspended solids (TSS) and total solids (TS). Phytotoxocity analysis of wastewaters has not been completed yet. Trends on the nature and variability of OMWW have been identified, while time and space variables form the central axes for the statistical analysis. The results of this characterization study are presented in this paper. -
The IOC Manual of Emergency Sports Medicine
Trim Size: 216 mm X 279 mm fm.indd 03:4:4:PM 02/09/2015 Page ii Trim Size: 216 mm X 279 mm fm.indd 03:4:4:PM 02/09/2015 Page i THE IOC MANUAL OF EMERGENCY SPORTS MEDICINE Trim Size: 216 mm X 279 mm fm.indd 03:4:4:PM 02/09/2015 Page ii Trim Size: 216 mm X 279 mm fm.indd 03:4:4:PM 02/09/2015 Page iii THE IOC MANUAL OF EMERGENCY SPORTS MEDICINE EDITED BY DAVID McDonagh and DAVID ZIDEMAN Trim Size: 216 mm X 279 mm fm.indd 03:4:4:PM 02/09/2015 Page iv This edition first published 2015 © 2015 by the International Olympic Committee Wiley-Blackwell is an imprint of John Wiley & Sons, formed by the merger of Wiley’s global Scientific, Technical and Medical business with Blackwell Publishing. Registered office: John Wiley & Sons, Ltd, The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK Editorial offices: 9600 Garsington Road, Oxford, OX4 2DQ, UK The Atrium, Southern Gate, Chichester, West Sussex, PO19 8SQ, UK 111 River Street, Hoboken, NJ 07030-5774, USA For details of our global editorial offices, for customer services and for information about how to apply for permis- sion to reuse the copyright material in this book please see our website at www.wiley.com/wiley-blackwell The right of the author to be identified as the author of this work has been asserted in accordance with the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise, except as permitted by the UK Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, without the prior permission of the publisher. -
Water Supply Enhancement in Cyprus Through Evaporation Reduction
Water Supply Enhancement in Cyprus through Evaporation Reduction by Chad W. Cox B.S.E. Civil Engineering Princeton University, 1992 Submitted to the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering In Partial Fulfillment of the Requirements for the Degree of MASTER OF ENGINEERING IN CIVIL AND ENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING at the MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY June 1999 © 1999 Massachusetts Institute of Technology All rights Reserved Signature of the Author___ Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering May 7, 1999 Certified by Dr. E. Eric Adams Senior Research Engineer, Depa94f pf Ti il angEnvironmental Engineering Thesis Supervisor Accepted by -o4 Professor Andrew J. Whittle Chairman. Denmatint Committee on Graduate Studies Water Supply Enhancement in Cyprus through Evaporation Reduction by Chad W. Cox Submitted to the Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering on May 7, 1999 in Partial Fulfillment for the Degree of Master of Engineering in Civil and Environmental Engineering Abstract The Republic of Cyprus is prone to periodic multi-year droughts. The Water Development Department (WDD) is therefore investigating innovative methods for producing and conserving water. One of the concepts being considered is reduction of evaporation from surface water bodies. A reservoir operation study of the Southern Conveyor Project (SCP) suggests that an average of 6.9 million cubic meters (MCM) of water is lost to evaporation each year. The value of this water is over CYE 1.2 million, and replacement of this volume of water by desalination will cost CYE 2.9 million. The WDD has investigated the use of monomolecular films for use in evaporation suppression, but these films are difficult to use in the field and raise concerns about health effects. -
Climate Change Risk Assessment Contract No. 22/2014 the Cyprus Climate Change Risk Assessment
CYPRUS GOVERNMENT Ministry of Agriculture, Rural Development and Environment Department of Environment 20-22 28th Oktovriou Ave, Engomi, 2414, Nicosia, Cyprus Climate Change Risk Assessment Contract No. 22/2014 The Cyprus Climate Change Risk Assessment Evidence Report ADVANCED ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES S.A. G. KARAVOKYRIS & PARTNERS CONSULTING ENGINEERS S.A. Contractors: DION. TOUMAZIS & ASSOCIATES AGRICULTURAL UNIVERSITY OF ATHENS A u g u s t 2016 Climate Change Risk Assessment. Contract No. 22/2014 Approach Report – Annex III Authors, contributors and reviewers • Dr P. S. Kaimaki, Civil Engineer, Environmental Engineer / Project Manager, ADENS SA • Ε. Gkouvatsou, Civil Engineer, MSc, DIC. ADENS SA • Dr N. Fyllas, Mechanical Engineer, PhD in Forest Dynamics/Modelling • Dr A. Chistopoulou, Biologist, PhD in Forest Ecology and Management. ADENS SA • F. Papanousi, Survey Engineer, MSc. ADENS SA • Dr. I.Karavokyris, Civil Engineer-Hydrologist, BSc, MSc, PhD. G. Karavokyris & Partners Consulting Engineers SA • K.Passiou, Civil Engineer, BEng MSc. G. Karavokyris & Partners Consulting Engineers SA Prof. Christos A. Karavitis, Sector of Water Resources Management, Department of Natural Resources Development & Agricultural Engineering, AUA Prof. Consatntinos Kosmas, Laboratory of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Department of Natural Resources Development & Agricultural Engineering, AUA Prof. Falia Economou, Department of Crop Science, AUA Prof. Ioannis Ppapnikolaou, Laboratory of Geology & Mineralogy, Department of Natural Resources Development & Agricultural Engineering, AUA N. A. Skondras M.Sc. Ph. D, Department of Natural Resources Development & Agricultural Engineering, , AUA V. Paraskeuas, M.Sc. Ph. D., Department of Animal Science and Aquaculture, AUA P.Vasiliou, M.Sc., Laboratory of Soil Science & Agricultural Chemistry, Department of Natural Resources Development & Agricultural Engineering, AUA Dr A. -
A Handbook Cyprus
A H A N D B O O K C Y P R U S COMPILED BY T . H T HIN N MA SIR J . U C SO , . ' m r L L EGE AM BRLDGE C fl s s C O , C CHIEF J US TI CE O F CE YL ON AND D D L A L BHAM A E . M CL U E VA CO , C . G . D M . A. NIV SITY O L L EGE O X FOR B . C . L , U ER C , C OMMI S SI ONER OF L ARNACA WIT H FRO NTIS PIEC E AND TWO MAPS L ONDON : EDW ARD STANFORD L A E W . 12 , 1 3 , 14 , ONG CR , C. O f I won/Lav “ITOTL Kwrpov vacrov ’ ' Iv o i Oekffcfip ove s v ep ov ” a t fi var‘ o w' w E w‘re T p s, ' Hd c/mv 61V c xaréa r op oc A C a Ba ov wora ov oac B pI p p p Ka wl p zovo w (imp /3pm. ' O 7rov Kakkw r' ev op eva Hte fa oéo a o ES a p y ; p , e / K ‘HJ d w6. M Q s A if ( K( LO a e MG y I s A I a A 1 ( KC L a v e xc 8 6 70 0 . r e l, 9 x p s, 9 E RIPIDES Bac c hai 400 s . U , , gq P R E F A C E ‘ OUR HANDBOOK OF PR THE CY US is not the first of its kin d .