Can Kangaroos Survive in the Wheatbelt?
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Macropod Herpesviruses Dec 2013
Herpesviruses and macropods Fact sheet Introductory statement Despite the widespread distribution of herpesviruses across a large range of macropod species there is a lack of detailed knowledge about these viruses and the effects they have on their hosts. While they have been associated with significant mortality events infections are usually benign, producing no or minimal clinical effects in their adapted hosts. With increasing emphasis being placed on captive breeding, reintroduction and translocation programs there is a greater likelihood that these viruses will be introduced into naïve macropod populations. The effects and implications of this type of viral movement are unclear. Aetiology Herpesviruses are enveloped DNA viruses that range in size from 120 to 250nm. The family Herpesviridae is divided into three subfamilies. Alphaherpesviruses have a moderately wide host range, rapid growth, lyse infected cells and have the capacity to establish latent infections primarily, but not exclusively, in nerve ganglia. Betaherpesviruses have a more restricted host range, a long replicative cycle, the capacity to cause infected cells to enlarge and the ability to form latent infections in secretory glands, lymphoreticular tissue, kidneys and other tissues. Gammaherpesviruses have a narrow host range, replicate in lymphoid cells, may induce neoplasia in infected cells and form latent infections in lymphoid tissue (Lachlan and Dubovi 2011, Roizman and Pellet 2001). There have been five herpesvirus species isolated from macropods, three alphaherpesviruses termed Macropodid Herpesvirus 1 (MaHV1), Macropodid Herpesvirus 2 (MaHV2), and Macropodid Herpesvirus 4 (MaHV4) and two gammaherpesviruses including Macropodid Herpesvirus 3 (MaHV3), and a currently unclassified novel gammaherpesvirus detected in swamp wallabies (Wallabia bicolor) (Callinan and Kefford 1981, Finnie et al. -
Breeding Patterns for Western Brush Wallaby (Notamacropus Irma) in the Southern Jarrah Forest
Breeding patterns for western brush wallaby (Notamacropus irma) in the southern jarrah forest. Wayne, A.F., Read, E., Maxwell, M.A., Ward, C.G. Biodiversity and Conservation Science Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions Brain Street Manjimup, 6258, Western Australia February 2021 Introduction The western brush wallaby (Notamacropus irma) is a medium-sized macropod endemic to south-western Australia. At 7 - 10 kg (Morris and Christensen 2008), it is listed as least concern under the IUCN Red List of Threatened Species (Woinarski and Burbidge 2016), but it is listed as a priority four species at the State level by the Department of Biodiversity, Conservation and Attractions (DBCDBCA (Department of Biodiversity Conservation and Attractions)21) . It occurs in a wide range of habitats including open forest and woodland (Woinarski and Burbidge 2014). The western brush wallaby is unusual amongst macropods, being generally solitary except during breeding (Algar 1986; Bamford and Bamford 1999; Christensen 1995). Relatively little is known about the Western Brush Wallaby given its cryptic habit and the difficulties experienced in capturing individuals using conventional trapping techniques. In particular, there is little information available on reproduction for the species (Woinarski et al. 2014). While the gestation period for western brush wallaby is not known to us, we estimate it to be about 30 days given the gestation period of the sympatric large macropods Tammar wallaby (Macropus eugenii, 29.3 days) and western grey kangaroo (Macropus fuliginosus, 30.6 days) and the average for Macropodidae being about 32 days (Hume et al. 1989). Pouch life in the Macropodidae varies greatly between species but is typically 150 – 320 days and the juveniles of larger kangaroo species may spend many months getting in and out of the pouch (Hume et al. -
Platypus Collins, L.R
AUSTRALIAN MAMMALS BIOLOGY AND CAPTIVE MANAGEMENT Stephen Jackson © CSIRO 2003 All rights reserved. Except under the conditions described in the Australian Copyright Act 1968 and subsequent amendments, no part of this publication may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system or transmitted in any form or by any means, electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording, duplicating or otherwise, without the prior permission of the copyright owner. Contact CSIRO PUBLISHING for all permission requests. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication entry Jackson, Stephen M. Australian mammals: Biology and captive management Bibliography. ISBN 0 643 06635 7. 1. Mammals – Australia. 2. Captive mammals. I. Title. 599.0994 Available from CSIRO PUBLISHING 150 Oxford Street (PO Box 1139) Collingwood VIC 3066 Australia Telephone: +61 3 9662 7666 Local call: 1300 788 000 (Australia only) Fax: +61 3 9662 7555 Email: [email protected] Web site: www.publish.csiro.au Cover photos courtesy Stephen Jackson, Esther Beaton and Nick Alexander Set in Minion and Optima Cover and text design by James Kelly Typeset by Desktop Concepts Pty Ltd Printed in Australia by Ligare REFERENCES reserved. Chapter 1 – Platypus Collins, L.R. (1973) Monotremes and Marsupials: A Reference for Zoological Institutions. Smithsonian Institution Press, rights Austin, M.A. (1997) A Practical Guide to the Successful Washington. All Handrearing of Tasmanian Marsupials. Regal Publications, Collins, G.H., Whittington, R.J. & Canfield, P.J. (1986) Melbourne. Theileria ornithorhynchi Mackerras, 1959 in the platypus, 2003. Beaven, M. (1997) Hand rearing of a juvenile platypus. Ornithorhynchus anatinus (Shaw). Journal of Wildlife Proceedings of the ASZK/ARAZPA Conference. 16–20 March. -
Flora and Vegetation Values Of
FLORA, VEGETATION AND FAUNA ASSESSMENT OF THE FLAT ROCKS WIND FARM SURVEY AREA Prepared for: Moonies Hill Energy Prepared by: Mattiske Consulting Pty Ltd November 2010 Mattiske Consulting Pty Ltd MHE1001/113/2010 MATTISKE CONSULTING PTY LTD TABLE OF CONTENTS Page 1. SUMMARY .............................................................................................................................................. 1 2. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................................... 2 2.1 Climate .................................................................................................................................................. 2 2.2 Regional Vegetation .............................................................................................................................. 3 2.3 Clearing of Native Vegetation ............................................................................................................... 3 2.4 Rare and Priority Flora .......................................................................................................................... 4 2.5 Declared Plant Species .......................................................................................................................... 4 2.6 Threatened Ecological Communities (TECs) ........................................................................................ 5 2.7 Local and Regional Significance .......................................................................................................... -
Ba3444 MAMMAL BOOKLET FINAL.Indd
Intot Obliv i The disappearing native mammals of northern Australia Compiled by James Fitzsimons Sarah Legge Barry Traill John Woinarski Into Oblivion? The disappearing native mammals of northern Australia 1 SUMMARY Since European settlement, the deepest loss of Australian biodiversity has been the spate of extinctions of endemic mammals. Historically, these losses occurred mostly in inland and in temperate parts of the country, and largely between 1890 and 1950. A new wave of extinctions is now threatening Australian mammals, this time in northern Australia. Many mammal species are in sharp decline across the north, even in extensive natural areas managed primarily for conservation. The main evidence of this decline comes consistently from two contrasting sources: robust scientifi c monitoring programs and more broad-scale Indigenous knowledge. The main drivers of the mammal decline in northern Australia include inappropriate fi re regimes (too much fi re) and predation by feral cats. Cane Toads are also implicated, particularly to the recent catastrophic decline of the Northern Quoll. Furthermore, some impacts are due to vegetation changes associated with the pastoral industry. Disease could also be a factor, but to date there is little evidence for or against it. Based on current trends, many native mammals will become extinct in northern Australia in the next 10-20 years, and even the largest and most iconic national parks in northern Australia will lose native mammal species. This problem needs to be solved. The fi rst step towards a solution is to recognise the problem, and this publication seeks to alert the Australian community and decision makers to this urgent issue. -
Mammals of the Avon Region
Mammals of the Avon Region By Mandy Bamford, Rowan Inglis and Katie Watson Foreword by Dr. Tony Friend R N V E M E O N G T E O H F T W A E I S L T A E R R N A U S T 1 2 Contents Foreword 6 Introduction 8 Fauna conservation rankings 25 Species name Common name Family Status Page Tachyglossus aculeatus Short-beaked echidna Tachyglossidae not listed 28 Dasyurus geoffroii Chuditch Dasyuridae vulnerable 30 Phascogale calura Red-tailed phascogale Dasyuridae endangered 32 phascogale tapoatafa Brush-tailed phascogale Dasyuridae vulnerable 34 Ningaui yvonnae Southern ningaui Dasyuridae not listed 36 Antechinomys laniger Kultarr Dasyuridae not listed 38 Sminthopsis crassicaudata Fat-tailed dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 40 Sminthopsis dolichura Little long-tailed dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 42 Sminthopsis gilberti Gilbert’s dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 44 Sminthopsis granulipes White-tailed dunnart Dasyuridae not listed 46 Myrmecobius fasciatus Numbat Myrmecobiidae vulnerable 48 Chaeropus ecaudatus Pig-footed bandicoot Peramelinae presumed extinct 50 Isoodon obesulus Quenda Peramelinae priority 5 52 Species name Common name Family Status Page Perameles bougainville Western-barred bandicoot Peramelinae endangered 54 Macrotis lagotis Bilby Peramelinae vulnerable 56 Cercartetus concinnus Western pygmy possum Burramyidae not listed 58 Tarsipes rostratus Honey possum Tarsipedoidea not listed 60 Trichosurus vulpecula Common brushtail possum Phalangeridae not listed 62 Bettongia lesueur Burrowing bettong Potoroidae vulnerable 64 Potorous platyops Broad-faced -
Boodjin: the Boyagin Rock Storybook, Wheatbelt Natural Resource Management Incorporated, Northam Protect Boyagin and Its Amazing Biodiversity
BOODJIN The Boyagin Rock Storybook “...in that rock there is a big Waargle...” Photo: Tamara Wilkes-Jones, 26 November 2011 26 November Wilkes-Jones, Photo: Tamara Kaya (hello)! Noongar katadjin (knowledge) of boodjar (country) is a precious thing and a privilege to learn. This storybook offers a glimpse of the rich katadjin surrounding Boyagin Rock. This katadjin is passed on to new generations of Noongars (the Aboriginal people of south- west Australia), both in rural and metro areas, whose moort (family) connections to Boyagin are strong. Wheatbelt NRM respectfully thanks Noongar people for sharing katadjin in this storybook. Noongar katadjin belongs to and remains This publication was produced and first published in 2015 by Wheatbelt NRM, through funding from the Australian the intellectual property of the Noongar Government’s National Landcare Programme. communities who shared it: story tellers are ISBN 978-0-9924243-5-0 acknowledged on page 32. © Wheatbelt Natural Resource Management Incorporated 2015 Wheatbelt NRM also acknowledges the many This document should be cited as: individuals and groups who love and want to Wheatbelt NRM (2015) Boodjin: The Boyagin Rock Storybook, Wheatbelt Natural Resource Management Incorporated, Northam protect Boyagin and its amazing biodiversity. We thank them for generously contributing Any reproduction in full or in part of this publication must mention the title Boodjin: the Boyagin Rock Storybook and the photos: photographers are acknowledged publisher Wheatbelt NRM. throughout and on page 32. All nature photos Author/designer: Christie Kingston in this book were taken at Boyagin Nature Cover photograph: Carpet snake by Tamara Wilkes-Jones Reserve. Cover quote in full: “My husband (Andy Collard) said that in that We hope this storybook will inspire people rock (Boyagin Rock) there is a big Waargle, water snake and when it wound itself round and round it looked like a big tyre. -
On the Evolution of Kangaroos and Their Kin (Family Macropodidae) Using Retrotransposons, Nuclear Genes and Whole Mitochondrial Genomes
ON THE EVOLUTION OF KANGAROOS AND THEIR KIN (FAMILY MACROPODIDAE) USING RETROTRANSPOSONS, NUCLEAR GENES AND WHOLE MITOCHONDRIAL GENOMES William George Dodt B.Sc. (Biochemistry), B.Sc. Hons (Molecular Biology) Principal Supervisor: Dr Matthew J Phillips (EEBS, QUT) Associate Supervisor: Dr Peter Prentis (EEBS, QUT) External Supervisor: Dr Maria Nilsson-Janke (Senckenberg Biodiversity and Research Centre, Frankfurt am Main) Submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy Science and Engineering Faculty Queensland University of Technology 2018 1 Keywords Adaptive radiation, ancestral state reconstruction, Australasia, Bayesian inference, endogenous retrovirus, evolution, hybridization, incomplete lineage sorting, incongruence, introgression, kangaroo, Macropodidae, Macropus, mammal, marsupial, maximum likelihood, maximum parsimony, molecular dating, phylogenetics, retrotransposon, speciation, systematics, transposable element 2 Abstract The family Macropodidae contains the kangaroos, wallaroos, wallabies and several closely related taxa that occupy a wide variety of habitats in Australia, New Guinea and surrounding islands. This group of marsupials is the most species rich family within the marsupial order Diprotodontia. Despite significant investigation from previous studies, much of the evolutionary history of macropodids (including their origin within Diprotodontia) has remained unclear, in part due to an incomplete early fossil record. I have utilized several forms of molecular sequence data to shed -
Recovery Plan for the Brush-Tailed Rock-Wallaby (Petrogale Penicillata)
Approved Recovery Plan Recovery plan for the brush-tailed rock-wallaby (Petrogale penicillata) March 2008 Acknowledgments A large number of people have contributed to the survey, research and management of the brush- tailed rock-wallaby (BTRW) over a number of years. Much of the background and preliminary infor- mation in this recovery plan draws from, or has been adapted from, existing population management plans for the Warrumbungles and Shoalhaven BTRW populations and other unpublished documents prepared for the Northern NSW populations. Particular thanks in this regard are due to Vera Wong, Ian Jackett and Paul Bayne for allowing use of their material in this plan. The Department of Environment and Climate Change would like to acknowledge World Wide Fund for Nature, Taronga Zoo, the Foundation for National Parks and Wildlife, Waterfall Springs Conser- vation Association, and the Kangaroo Valley Friends of the brush-tailed rock-wallaby for their efforts and ongoing support in conserving this species. Cover photo: S. Ruming © Copyright State of NSW and Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW. The Department of Environment and Climate Change NSW and State of NSW are pleased to allow this material to be reproduced in whole or in part, provided the meaning is unchanged and its source, publisher and authorship are acknowledged.Specifi c permission is required for the reproduction of photographs. Published by: Department of Environment and Climate Change 59–61 Goulburn Street PO Box A290 Sydney South 1232 Ph: (02) 9995 5000 (switchboard) Ph: 131 555 (environment information and publications requests) Ph: 1300 361 967 (national parks information and publications requests) Fax: (02) 9995 5999 TTY: (02) 9211 4723 Email: [email protected] Website: www.environment.nsw.gov.au ISBN: 978 1 74122 773 4 DECC: 2008/138 May 2008 Printed on recycled paper Contents 1 Introduction .......................................................................................................................... -
17 Croft & Leiper
ASSESSMENT OF OPPORTUNITIES FOR INTERNATIONAL TOURISM BASED ON WILD KANGAROOS By David B Croft and Neil Leiper WILDLIFE TOURISM RESEARCH REPORT SERIES: NO. 17 RESEARCH REPORT SERIES EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The primary aim of CRC Tourism’s research report series is technology transfer. The reports are targeted toward both industry and government users and tourism Objectives researchers. The content of this technical report series primarily focuses on applications, but may also advance research methodology and tourism theory. The report series titles relate to CRC Tourism’s research program areas. All research The first objective of this study was to identify various places in reports are peer reviewed by at least two external reviewers. For further information Australia where tourists can have direct experiences of macropods in on the report series, access the CRC website, [www.crctourism.com.au]. a natural habitat, and to assess the likely quality of such an experience. This was achieved by formal inquiry from wildlife Wildlife Tourism Report Series, Editor: Dr Karen Higginbottom researchers and managers with an interest in the kangaroo family, and This series presents research findings from projects within the Wildlife Tourism through analysis of the distribution and biology of species. This part Subprogram of the CRC. The Subprogram aims to provide strategic knowledge to of the study identified 16 important sites in New South Wales, facilitate the sustainable development of wildlife tourism in Australia. Queensland and Victoria for assessment of the feasibility of kangaroo- based tourism. National Library of Australia Cataloguing-in-Publication Data The second objective was to review this set of sites for developing Croft, David B. -
Systematic and Palaeobiological Implications of Postcranial Morphology in the Diprotodontidae (Marsupialia)
Systematic and palaeobiological implications of postcranial morphology in the Diprotodontidae (Marsupialia) Aaron B. Camens School of Earth and Environmental Sciences Discipline of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology The University of Adelaide South Australia A thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the degree of Doctor of Philosophy at the University of Adelaide February 2010 II Declaration This work contains no material which has been accepted for the award of any other degree or diploma in any university or other tertiary institution to Aaron Camens and, to the best of my knowledge and belief, contains no material previously published or written by another person, except where due reference has been made in the text. I give consent to this copy of my thesis when deposited in the University Library, being made available for loan and photocopying, subject to the provisions of the Copyright Act 1968. The author acknowledges that copyright of published works contained within this thesis (as listed below) resides with the copyright holder(s) of those works. I also give permission for the digital version of my thesis to be made available on the web, via the University’s digital research repository, the Library catalogue, the Australasian Digital Theses Program (ADTP) and also through web search engines, unless permission has been granted by the University to restrict access for a period of time. Publications in this thesis include: Camens, A. B. and Wells, R.T. 2009. Diprotodontid footprints from the Pliocene of Central Australia. Journal of Vertebrate Paleontology 29: 863-869. Copyright held by Taylor and Francis. Camens, A. B. and Wells, R.T. -
Speciation Generates Mosaic Genomes in Kangaroos
GBE Speciation Generates Mosaic Genomes in Kangaroos Maria A. Nilsson1,*,†, Yichen Zheng1,†,VikasKumar1, Matthew J. Phillips2, and Axel Janke1,3,* 1Senckenberg Biodiversity and Climate Research Centre, Senckenberg Gesellschaft fu¨ r Naturforschung, Frankfurt am Main, Germany 2School of Earth, Environmental and Biological Sciences, Queensland University of Technology (QUT), Brisbane, Queensland, Australia 3Institute for Ecology, Evolution & Diversity, Biologicum, Goethe University Frankfurt, Frankfurt am Main, Germany †These authors contributed equally to this work. *Corresponding authors: E-mails: [email protected]; [email protected]. Accepted: November 21, 2017 Data deposition: This project has been deposited at GenBank under the accession PRJEB18139 (Illumina short read data) and KY996499- KY996509 (complete mitochondrial sequences). Abstract The iconic Australasian kangaroos and wallabies represent a successful marsupial radiation. However, the evolutionary rela- tionship within the two genera, Macropus and Wallabia, is controversial: mitochondrial and nuclear genes, and morphological data have produced conflicting scenarios regarding the phylogenetic relationships, which in turn impact the classification and taxonomy. We sequenced and analyzed the genomes of 11 kangaroos to investigate the evolutionary cause of the observed phylogenetic conflict. A multilocus coalescent analysis using 14,900 genome fragments, each 10 kb long, significantly resolved the species relationships between and among the sister-genera Macropus and Wallabia. The phylogenomic approach reconstructed the swamp wallaby (Wallabia) as nested inside Macropus, making this genus paraphyletic. However, the phylogenomic analyses indicate multiple conflicting phylogenetic signals in the swamp wallaby genome. This is interpreted as at least one introgression event between the ancestor of the genus Wallabia and a now extinct ghost lineage outside the genus Macropus.