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Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae), with a Key to Chinese Species Zootaxa 3846 (1): 127–137 ISSN 1175-5326 (print edition) www.mapress.com/zootaxa/ Article ZOOTAXA Copyright © 2014 Magnolia Press ISSN 1175-5334 (online edition) http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.3846.1.7 http://zoobank.org/urn:lsid:zoobank.org:pub:A345ACA8-C145-44A9-AFC6-140A1A941144 New data on the genus Micromus Rambur, 1842 from China (Neuroptera, Hemerobiidae), with a key to Chinese species YANG ZHAO, YANLIN TIAN & ZHIQI LIU1 Department of Entomology, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China 1Corresponding author. E-mail: [email protected] Abstract A review of the genus Micromus Rambur from China is presented. A new species, Micromus setulosus sp. nov., which was found in Ningxia province, is described. The male of Micromus pallidius (Yang, 1987) and the female of Micromus perelegans Tjeder, 1936 are described for the first time in China. Keys to the adult males and females of the Micromus from China are also given. Key words: Hemerobiidae, Microminae, Micromus, new species, China Introduction The genus Micromus Rambur was erected in 1842 based on the type species Hemerobius variegatus Fabricius. Tjeder (1936) described the first species in genus Micromus, M. perelegans from China with only one male specimen from Gansu province. Nowadays, no comprehensive species listing is available, characterization and subdivision of the large and widespread genus Micromus has long been a problem and is reflected in its extensive list of generic synonyms (Banks 1913; Ghosh 1977; Krüger 1922; Nakahara 1915, 1919, 1955, 1960; Navás 1912, 1922, 1923, 1929, 1932; Oswald 1993; Perkins 1899; Yang 1981). However, taking the unstable classification characteristics into consideration, more experts believed that they are all synonyms of Micromus (Carpenter 1940; Killington 1936; Kimmins 1936; Klimaszewski & Kevan 1988; Monserrat 2000; Nakahara 1960; Oswald 1993; Tjeder 1961). And after examining the specimens from China we also propose they all belong to the genus Micromus other than different genera. Presently, about one hundred species are recorded in the world (Alayo 1968; Aspöck et al. 1980; Klimaszewski & Kevan 1988; Kuwayama 1962; Makarkin 1985; Monserrat 1990, 2000; New 1988a, 1988b; Tjeder 1936, 1961; Yang 1981, 1987, 1988, 1997, 1999, 2002; Yang & Liu 2001; Yang et al. 1995; Zimmerman 1957), with twenty-one species recorded from China, and one new species in this paper. Micromus is diagnosed by the forewing characteristics as crossveins 2sc-r and 2m-cu absent (2m-cu present in these species where CuA and MP are not fused); crossveins 1cua-cup and 2cua-cup present; humeral area narrow and its margin lacking trichosores. All these characteristics above can be used to distinguish Micromus from all other genera except Nusalala and Megalomina. Micromus differs from Megalomina by the simple humeral veinlet, or at most possesses a short inconspicuous recurrent branch while in the genus Megalomina, the humeral trace prominently recurrent and multiply branched. Compared with Nusalala, CuA in forewing is either forked proximal to its fusion with M3+4, or not fused to M3+4, while in the genus Nusalala, basal M3+4 forming a short, oblique vein, proximal to its fusion with CuA and CuA simple proximal to its fusion with M3+4; and the presence of a pair of laterobacula associated with the parabaculum is also diagnostic (Oswald 1993). Micromus belongs to the subfamily Microminae, and is a cosmopolitan genus which is distributed in North and Central America, Europe, Africa, Asia, and Australia. The species of the genus also can be found in numerous islands in the Atlantic, Indian and Pacific oceans (Oswald 1993). In this paper, a new species of Micromus, M. setulosus sp. nov., is described from China. And the male of M. Accepted by M. Ohl: 2 Jul. 2014; published: 31 Jul. 2014 127 pallidius (Yang, 1987) and the female of M. perelegans Tjeder, 1936 are described for the first time in China, with keys for identification of adults of Chinese species. All specimens are deposited in the Entomological Museum of China Agricultural University (CAU), Beijing. Material and methods The specimens were examined under an SZ760 stereomicroscope. The terminalia were observed under a Leica DM2500 compound microscope. Descriptions of coloration are based on observations under the stereomicroscope with direct light on specimens preserved in 75% ethyl alcohol. The abdominal apex with genitalia was cut off and heated in 10% sodium hydroxide for about 10–20 min and then transferred to an excavated slide with glycerin. After examination it was transferred to fresh 75% ethyl alcohol and stored in a microvial. Wing venation terminology follows Oswald (1993) and Makarkin & Wedmann (2009). Terminology of genitalia follows Oswald (1993). Abbreviations: 7S, 8S, 9S, sternite; 7T, 8T, 9T, tergite; al, apophyseal lamella; as, apophyseal shaft; cc, calluscercus; Ect, ectoproct; egps, extragonopons; egs, extragonarcus; ehgs, extrahemigonarcus; gl, gonapophyses laterales; igps, intragonopons; igs, intragonarcus; ihgs, intrahemigonarcus; med, mediuncus; pa, parabacular apophysis; sg, subgenitale; tl, terminal lobe. Taxonomy Keys to species of Micromus from China Male 1. Costal crossvein in forewing present . 2 - Costal crossvein in forewing absent . 5 2. M vein forked before the origin of RS from R vein in forewing . M. tianmuanus (Yang) - M vein forked after the origin of RS from R vein in forewing . 3 3. Distinct spots present in forewing membrane, and veins covered with setae . 4 - Distinct spots absent in forewing membrane, and veins without setae . M. pallidius (Yang) 4. Forewing membrane with regular sagittal stripes, brown spots present on the upper 3-4 outer gradate crossveins; basal mediun- cus without spines on the surface and distally tapered, bend downwards as hook . .M. yunnanus (Navás) - Forewing membrane without regular sagittal stripes, only greyish stripes along the outer gradate series, no brown spots on the outer gradate crossveins; basal mediuncus densely covered with small spines on the surface and distally rounded. M. setulosus sp.nov. 5. Two gradate series present in forewing. 6 - Three gradate series present in forewing. 13 6. CuA fused with MP in forewing . 7 - CuA not fused with MP in forewing . 9 7. CuA forked before fusing with MP in forewing . 8 - CuA not forked before fusing with MP in forewing . M. minusculus (Monserrat) 8. CuA fused with MP in hind wing . .M. callidus Hagen - CuA not fused with MP in hind wing . M. angulatus (Stephens) 9. CuA fused with MP in hind wing . .M. perelegans Tjeder - CuA not fused with MP in hind wing . 10 10. Pterostigmal area red in forewing . .M. zhaoi Yang - Pterostigmal area not red in forewing . 11 11. CuA forked before the crossvein between CuA and MP in forewing. 12 - CuA forked after the crossvein between CuA and MP in forewing . M. kapuri (Nakahara) 12. Posteroventral process of ectoproct distally rounded with small teeth . M. timidus Hagen - Posteroventral process of ectoproct distally tapered without teeth . M. ramosus Navás 13. CuA not fused with MP in forewing . .M. mirimaculatus Yang & Liu - CuA fused with MP in forewing . 14 14. CuA not forked before fusing with MP in forewing . M. linearis Hagen - CuA forked before fusing with MP in forewing . 15 15. CuA fused with MP in hind wing . 16 - CuA not fused with MP in hind wing . 17 16. 9th sternite longer than ectoproct; posteroventral process of ectoproct long and bend downwards as hook. 128 · Zootaxa 3846 (1) © 2014 Magnolia Press ZHAO ET AL. M. paganus (Linnaeus) - 9th sternite shorter than ectoproct; posteroventral process of ectoproct short and bend upwards as spine . M. variegatus (Fabricius) 17. Forewing with at least 6 RS . .M. densimaculosus Yang & Liu - Forewing with less than 6 RS . 18 18. Vertex with four brown spots . .M. myriostictus Yang - Vertex without spots . M. igorotus Bank Female 1. Costal crossvein in forewing present . 2 - Costal crossvein in forewing absent . .4 2. M vein forked before the origin of RS from R vein in forewing . M. tianmuanus (Yang) - M vein forked after the origin of RS from R vein in forewing . ..
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