BEDZED Sustainable Living
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Where is Bedzed? BEDZED Sustainable living Beddington Zero Energy Development What makes Bedzed a sustainable community? (BedZED) was built in • Transport - Cars are discouraged; the project encourages public transport, cycling, and 2002 in Hackbridge, walking, and has limited parking space. Car pooling/sharing occurs- City Car Club. London, England. Residents are encouraged to use this environmentally friendly alternative to car ownership; an on-site selection of vehicles is available for use. • Encourage eco-friendly transport—Electric and liquefied-petroleum-gas cars have priority What is Bedzed? over cars that burn petrol and diesel, and electricity is provided in parking spaces for charging It was the UK’s first large-scale mixed use electric cars. sustainable community, with 100 homes, office space for around 100 workers and community • Accessible transport - five minutes’ walk of Hackbridge station (LONDON) / facilities. It uses environmentally friendly Tramlink service from Croydon or Wimbledon to Mitcham Junction station, which is housing and is a low carbon neighbourhood. It within 15 minutes’ walk of BedZED. promotes a more sustainable lifestyle. • Zero energy—the project is designed to use only energy from renewable sources generated on site. There are 777 m² of solar panels. The energy provided for the community comes from woodchips from waste timber that would otherwise be sent to the landfill. • Energy efficient—the houses face south to take advantage of solar gain, are triple glazed, and have high thermal insulation. No need for central heating. • Water efficient—Most rain water falling on the site is collected and reused. Appliances are chosen to be water-efficient and use recycled water when possible. • Low-impact materials—Building materials were selected from renewable or recycled sources within 35 miles of the site, to minimize the energy required for transportation. • Waste recycling—Refuse-collection facilities are designed to support recycling. Sustainable living in Curitiba Brazil Curitiba is a capital city of the Parana state in Brazil. Nearly two Reducing Car Use million people live there. The city The bus rapid transit system uses triple section bendy buses. It carries has had an urban master plan since two million passengers a day. The bus fare is the same wherever you go. the 1968. It is an excellent example No one lives more than 400 metres from a bus stop. of managing urban growth in a The bus system is an ‘express’ system- pre pay stations and bus only sustainable way. The master plan lanes. includes social, economic and The same cheap fair is paid for all journeys- good for poor residents. environmental programmes. Over 200km of bike paths in the city. Curitiba is aiming to be a sustainable city The bus and bike systems have caused car use to be 25% lower than in 1. The overall aims are to improve the environment, reduce other cities in Brazil. pollution and waste and improve the quality of life of the residents. 2. The city has a budget of $600 million to spend every year. 3. Curitiba is working towards sustainability in three ways: a) Reducing car use. Good recycling schemes b) Plenty of open spaces and conserved natural environments. • 70% of rubbish is recycled- 1200 trees saved per day c) Good recycling schemes. • Residents in poorer areas are given food and bus tickets as a reward for bringing their recycling to a collection centre. Plenty of open spaces and conserved natural environments Green space has increased from 0.5m2 per person in 1970 to 52m2 per person in 1990. There are over 1000 parks and natural areas- many of these are in areas prone to flooding so that the land is still useful. Residents have planted 1.5 million trees. Builders are given tax breaks in the city if their development includes green space. KIBERA, Nairobi, Kenya in East Africa What is Urbanisation? Sustainable Urban Living Traffic Management This is an increase in the amount of people living in urban areas such Sustainable urban living means being able to live in cities in ways that do Urban areas are busy places with many people travelling by different as towns or cities. In 2007, the UN announced that for the first time, not pollute the environment and using resources in ways that ensure modes of transport. This has caused urban areas to experience different more than 50 % of the world’s population live in urban areas. future generations also can use then. traffic congestion that can lead to various problems. Where is Urbanisation Water Conservation Energy Conservation Environmental problems happening? This is about reducing the amount Using less fossil fuels can reduce • Traffic increases air pollution Urbanisation is happening of water used. the rate of climate change. which releases greenhouse all over the word but in • Collecting rainwater for • Promoting renewable energy gases that is leading to climate LICs and NEEs rates are gardens and flushing toilets. sources. change. much faster than HICs. This • Installing water meters and • Making homes more energy is mostly because of the toilets that flush less water. efficient. Economic problems Social Problems rapid economic growth • Educating people on using less • Encouraging people to use • Congestion can make people • There is a greater risk of they are experiencing. water. energy. late for work and business accidents and congestion is a Causes of Urbanisation Creating Green Space Waste Recycling deliveries take longer. This can cause of frustration. Traffic can cause companies to loose also lead to health issues for The movement of people from rural to Creating green spaces in urban More recycling means fewer money. pedestrians. Rural - urban migration (1) urban areas. areas can improve places for resources are used. Less waste people who want to live there. reduces the amount that Congestion Solutions Push Pull • Provide natural cooler areas for eventually goes to landfill. • Widen roads to allow more people to relax in. • Collection of household waste. traffic to flow easily. • Natural disasters • More Jobs • Encourages people to exercise. • More local recycling facilities. • Build ring roads and bypasses • War and Conflict • Better education & • Reduces the risk of flooding • Greater awareness of the to keep through traffic out of • Mechanisation healthcare from surface runoff. benefits in recycling. • Drought • Increased quality of life. city centres. • Lack of employment • Following family members. • Introduce park and ride Unit 2 schemes to reduce car use. When the birth rate exceeds the death • Encourage car-sharing schemes Natural Increase (2) rate. in work places. Urban Issues & Challenges • Have public transport, cycle Increase in birth rate (BR) Lower death rate (DR) lanes & cycle hire schemes. Sustainable Urban Living Example: BedZED • Having congestion charges • High percentage of • Higher life expectancy due to discourages drivers from population are child-bearing better living conditions and Background & Location Sustainable Strategies entering the busy city centres. age which leads to high diet. fertility rate. Traffic Management Example: London • Improved medical facilities BedZED is near Croydon in SE • Rainwater is collected and • Lack of contraception or London. It is a development of 100 recycled helps lower infant mortality Congestion charging scheme education about family houses and aims to be carbon • Cycle routes rate. introduced to charge cars for planning. neutral • Electric car share scheme entering central London. Cross Rail • Houses face south to reduce built to encourage more use of Types of Cities heating costs public transport. Cycle lanes and • Uses recycled / reclaimed “Boris Bikes” to discourage car use. Megacity An urban area with over 10 million people living there. building materials High parking fees More than two thirds Integrated Transport System Greenbelt Area of current megacities are located in either is is the linking of different forms of public and private transport within a This is a zone of land surrounding a city where new building is strictly NEEs (Brazil) and LICs city and the surrounding area. controlled to try to prevent cities growing too much and too fast. (Nigeria). The amount of megacities Brownfield Site Urban Regeneration are predicted to increase from 28 to Brownfield sites is an area of land or premises that has been previously The investment in the revival of old, urban areas by either improving what 41 by 2030. used, but has subsequently become vacant, derelict or contaminated. is there or clearing it away and rebuilding. Urban Change in a Major UK City: London Case Study Urban Change in a Major LIC City: Lagos Case Study Location and Background City’s Importance Location and Background City’s Importance London is a city in the • The capital city. Lagos is a coastal city • Used to be the capital city. South East of England. • A centre for media and communications situated in the south • Still the centre of trade and commerce The population of the • Major global financial centre of Nigeria. It is the • 80% of Nigeria’s industry is around Lagos city is 8.7 million, • Major legal and medical facilities most populated city • It is the financial centre of West Africa making it the largest in • Well known universities and research in the country (15 • It has a major international airport the UK. The city is the centre million). The average • 1% of households in Lagos have reported capital of the UK. It was • Culture, entertainment and tourism centre earnings are £670 per the murder of a family member. built by the Romans • Fastest growing city in the UK year. It is growing at • Multi ethnic city 600 000 per year. Migration to Sheffield City’s Opportunities Migration to Rio De Janeiro City’s Opportunities During the industrial revolution, the Social: Sheffield has various cultural attractions The city began when Portuguese developed a Social: Standards of living are gradually population dramatically increased with people such as the bars in Shoreditch, the West End small fishing port in 1472.