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FIJI CORAL REEF CONSERVATION PROJECT December 2006

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FIJI CORAL REEF CONSERVATION PROJECT December 2006 FIJI CORAL REEF CONSERVATION PROJECT KADAVU ISLANDS MARCH – SEPTEMBER 2006 -Prepared by- Simon Harding, Marine Science Co-ordinator James Comley, Head of Marine Science, Catherine Dawson, Science Officer Amy Tamblin, Community Liaison Officer Peter Raines, Founder and CEO December 2006 Coral Cay Conservation Ltd. Elizabeth House, 39 York Road London, SE1 7NJ, UK Tel: +44 (0) 870-750-0668 Fax: +44 (0) 870-750-0667 Ministry of Tourism, Email: [email protected] Culture, Heritage and www: www.coralcay.org Civil Aviation TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of Contents............................................................................................................. I List of Figures ................................................................................................................III List of Tables ..................................................................................................................V Acknowledgements........................................................................................................VI Executive Summary..................................................................................................... VII 1. Introduction..............................................................................................................9 2. Project Background............................................................................................10 2.1 The coastal zone of Fiji..................................................................................10 2.2 The Kadavu Island Group and Great Astrolabe Reef....................................12 2.3. Aims and Objectives ......................................................................................14 2.3.1. Project Activities and Timetable............................................................14 2.3.2 Habitat mapping and Geographic Information Systems........................17 3. Methods..................................................................................................................19 3.1 Survey strategy...............................................................................................19 3.2. The Concept Of ‘Survey Stations’.........................................................19 3.2 Volunteer training ..........................................................................................21 3.3 Baseline transect technique ............................................................................24 3.4 Data analysis ..................................................................................................26 3.4.1 Oceanographic, climate and anthropogenic impact data .......................26 3.4.2 Benthic data............................................................................................26 3.4.3 Fish and invertebrate data ......................................................................26 3.5 Preliminary Mapping of Biological Characteristics. .....................................26 3.6 Environmental Awareness and Community work .........................................29 3.6.1 Kadavu Qoliqoli Management Support Team.......................................29 3.6.2. Training for Community Fish Wardens .................................................29 3.6.3. Training scholarships for USP students.................................................31 3.6.3 Reef Awareness Field Trips...................................................................31 4. Results....................................................................................................................34 4.1 Survey Progress..............................................................................................34 4.2 Oceanographic, Climate and Anthropogenic Impact Data ............................36 4.2.1 Underwater Visibility.............................................................................36 4.2.2 Wind Strength and Direction.................................................................36 4.2.3 Current Strength and Direction..............................................................37 Fiji Coral Reef Conservation Project, Kadavu: March – September 2006 4.2.4 Surface Impacts......................................................................................38 4.2.5 Sub-surface Impacts...............................................................................38 4.3 Baseline Biophysical Surveys ........................................................................39 4.3.1 Benthic Composition.............................................................................39 4.3.2 Reef Fish Abundance.............................................................................44 4.3.3 Target Invertebrate Density...................................................................46 4.4 GIS Contour Mapping....................................................................................48 4.4.1 Benthic Cover ........................................................................................48 4.4.2 Reef Fish................................................................................................58 4.4.3 Selected Invertebrates ............................................................................69 4.4.4 Biodiversity Indices ...............................................................................69 5. Discussion..............................................................................................................76 5.1 Training..........................................................................................................76 5.2 Environmental Awareness and Community Work ........................................76 Training for Community Fish Wardens .................................................................76 Training scholarships for USP students.................................................................76 Reef Awareness Field Trips...................................................................................76 Resort Support........................................................................................................77 5.3 Survey Progress..............................................................................................77 5.4 Oceanographic, Climate and Anthropogenic Impact Data ............................77 5.5 Baseline Biophysical Surveys ........................................................................78 5.5.1 Benthic Composition.............................................................................78 5.5.3 Reef Fish Abundance.............................................................................78 5.5.4 Invertebrate Abundance .........................................................................79 5.5.5 Biodiversity Indices ...............................................................................79 5.6 Preliminary Areas Recommended for Management ......................................80 6 Recommendations ..................................................................................................81 Bibliography...................................................................................................................83 Appendix 1.....................................................................................................................86 Prepared by Coral Cay Conservation . II Fiji Coral Reef Conservation Project, Kadavu: March – September 2006 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. The Kadavu island group located to the south of Viti Levu. 13 Figure 2: Position of the planned survey stations for the Kadavu Project 20 Figure 3: Map of the project area indicating the survey stations completed between March and September 2006. 35 Figure 4 Horizontal underwater visibility recorded by survey divers for three reef types and four depth bands (Mean values + Standard Error). 36 Figure 5 Radar diagram showing the prevailing winds recorded during the first 7 months of the Kadavu Project. 37 Figure 6 Radar diagram showing mean underwater current recorded in the northern Kadavu Islands between March and September 2006. 37 Figure 7 Frequency of observation of surface impacts recorded at Kadavu. 38 Figure 8 Relative Frequency of Sub-surface Impacts for three reef types in the northern Kadavu region. 39 Figure 9. Acropora coral cover at four depth bands for three reef types in northern Kadavu. 41 Figure 10 Non-Acropora coral cover at four depth bands for three reef types at Kadavu. 42 Figure 11 Reef Fish Densities for Selected Families on three main reef types in the northern Kadavu region (mean value for all depths combined). 44 Figure 12 Invertebrate Densities on three main reef types in the northern Kadavu Region (mean values for all depths combined). 46 Figure 13 Percentage bedrock cover for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 50 Figure 14 Percentage Rubble cover for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 51 Figure 15 Percentage of Crustose Coralline Red Algae for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 52 Figure 16 Percentage cover of macroalgae for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 53 Figure 17 Percentage Cover of Acropora corals for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 54 Figure 18 Percentage cover of Non-Acropora corals for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 55 Figure 19 Percentage Live Hard Coral cover for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 56 Figure 20 Percentage Total Biotic cover for the area of reefs surveyed in northern Kadavu. 57 Prepared by Coral Cay Conservation .
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