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The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719 Munis D Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02217-1 - The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719 Munis D. Faruqui Index More information Index ‘Abbas I, 15, 19 Akhlaq-i Hakimi, 138 ‘Abd-ur-Rahim Khan-i Khanan, 76, 110, Akhlaq-i Padshahan, 185 147, 157, 158, 194, 195, 260, 302, 310 Alam, Muzaffar, 5, 6, 7, 17, 44, 80, 134, abortion. See Birth control practices 137, 185, 244, 254, 255, 262, 280, 314, adult status, 10, 71, 77, 83, 84, 85, 86, 103, 315, 320, 321 104, 105, 108, 149, 223 ‘Alamgirnama, 117, 129, 188, adulthood, transition to, 8, 68, 85–90 256, 259 Afghans, 31, 49, 51, 52, 57, 60, 65, 107, alcohol, 32, 36, 125, 126, 139, 195, 203, 213 138, 140, 150, 171, 210, 214, 215, 224, Aligarh School, 4 228, 229, 237, 239, 262, 282, 289, 315 ‘Ali Tabar, 72, 119 Ahwal-i Shahzadagi, 189 alliance building, 9, 48–54, 144–53, 160–2, A’in-i Akbari, 67, 92, 140, 142 163, 164–74, 179, 289–95, 318, 319 Akbar (Emperor) al-tamgha jagirs, 260 and Khusrau, 30, 31, 83, 84 ‘Amal-i Salih, 81, 199, 213, 226, and Islam, 9, 137–8, 143, 146, 231, 268, 241, 252 269 Anooshahr, Ali, 163 and Mirza Hakim, 28, 29, 48, 60, 137–9, anti-‘Azim-ush-Shan alliance, 317 149, 240, 265 anti-Ahmadnagar alliance, 114 and Murad, 193 anti-Akbar rebels, 138 Banarsi’s account, 272 anti-Hindustani sentiment, 137 diminishing tolerance for disobedience, appanage system, 8, 29, 30, 32, 44, 47, 48, 192–6 52, 53, 54, 56, 61, 64, 67, 85, 91, 133, Fazl and imperial legitimacy, 142–3 135, 137, 139, 143, 144, 149, 158, 159, grooming of sons, 29–30, 144–7 162, 186, 187, 222, 237, 253 Hindustani empire, 136–43 art and political legitimacy, 153, 154 Akbar (son of Aurangzeb), 10–1, 42, 72, 81, ataliq, 30, 75, 76, 77, 86, 104, 130, 147, 84, 87, 109, 130, 182, 184, 187, 188, 223, 228, 239, 243 205, 234, 237, 256, 274, 276, 295, 298, Atgas, 73, 147, 227, 228, 230 303, 305 Ali, M. Athar, 4, 5, 7, 13, 91, 134, 141, 171, Akbarnama, 136, 142, 146, 194, 195, 241, 176, 229, 254, 255, 279 251, 258, 266 Aurangzeb, 13 Akhbarat-i Darbar-i Mu‘alla (News against Shah Jahan, 200 Bulletins of the Exalted Court), 22 alliances, 168–74 341 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02217-1 - The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719 Munis D. Faruqui Index More information 342 Index Aurangzeb, (cont.) Baburnama, 25, 47, 48, 49, 51, 52, 54, 55, and Afghans, 171 56, 62, 68, 71, 77, 99, 140, 254 and Dakhanis, 172 Badakhshanis, 49, 51, 54, 85, 139, 225, 226 and religious networks, 169–71 Badshahnama, 311 and Marathas, 172–3 bagha (rebellion), 190 as governor of the Deccan, 169 Bahadur Shah, 10, 66, 90, 168, 258, 261, bravery, 175 266, 310, 311, 312, 313, 314, 315, campaign in Balkh-Badakhshan, 128, 316, 317 132, 169, 174, 175 Balabanlilar, Lisa, 236 campaign in Bundelkhand, 169 Baluch, 49, 140, 174 campaign in the Deccan, 275, 278 Barhas, 140, 152, 168, 310 condemnation of Mu‘azzam, 238 Barkey, Karen, 323, 324, 325 deceit and paranoia, 199–202 Barnett, Richard, 13, 134, 280 generosity of, 178, 278 Battle at Samurgarh, 108 habits of dress/eating/entertainment, Battle of Bhaironwal, 204, 225 176 Battle of Deorai, 247, 256 intelligence-gathering, 239 Battle of Jaju, 130, 245, 250, 257, 287, jagir crisis, 278–81 295, 311 loyalty and devotion, 201 Battle of Khajwa, 255 military reputation, 174–5 Battle of Khanua, 51 Mu‘ azzam’sdefiance, 303–5 Battle of Samugarh, 164, 170, 244, 246, political and military judgment, 202 250, 315 religious commitments, 170, 176 Battle of Tons, 210, 211, 215, 216, 217 renaming towns, 296 Battle of Ujjain, 243 treatment of the defeated, 254–9 Battle of Dharmat, 40, 173 trade, Bayly, C. A., 13, 134, 249 A‘zam, 22, 41, 42, 44, 72, 74, 80, 88, 94, 95, benevolence (jud), 125 103, 108, 110, 111, 116, 118, 119, 120, Berads, 248, 281, 289, 301 122, 123, 124, 126, 130, 131, 240, 241, Bernier, François, 37, 175, 200, 236, 254 244, 245, 250, 255, 256, 257, 258, 274, Bidar Bakht, 84, 111, 140, 179, 262, 282, 277, 281, 282, 283, 284, 286, 287, 288, 284, 286, 299, 300 289–93, 294, 295, 297, 298, 299, 300, competition with A‘zam, 293–5 303, 307, 309, 311, 313, 314, 322 Bijapur, 41, 44, 101, 102, 110, 114, 115, difficulties networking, 289–93 117, 128, 245, 278, 285, 296, 298, 306, vs. Bidar Bakht, 293–95 309 A‘zam al-Harb, 311 birth-control practices, 89 ‘Azim-ud-Din/’Azim-ush-Shan, 131, 244, Blake, Stephen, 7, 48, 67, 92, 143 283, 293, 295, 310, 312, 315, 316, 317, Buksariyas, 301 318, 319, 321, 322 bulgharkhanas (eating houses), 230 azuk, 260 Buland Akhtar, 81, 82, 237 Bundela, Vir Singh, 149, 150, 161, Babayan, Kathryn, 16 247, 260 Babri Mosque, 1, 23 Bundelas, 86, 161, 248, 289, 301 Babur. alliance building, 48–52 Calkins, Philip, 134 and Humayun, 48, 52, 55 caravan stops (sarais), 203 and princes, 24–6, 47, 48, 51, 52 cash grants (in‘am), 93, 109, 280, 284 establishment of empire, 2 cavalry (sawar), 38, 83, 92, 93, 112 India invasion, 25 celebrations, 61, 62, 63, 82, 86, 105, 124, open-ended and evolving system, 24–45 138, 201 preference for one son, 26 birthday, 105, 124, 148, 173 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02217-1 - The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719 Munis D. Faruqui Index More information Index 343 circumcision, 78, 146–7 El-Fadl, Khalid Abou, 185 gifts, 99 English East India Company, 22, 100, marriage, 86–7, 251 200, 325 princely births, 68–70 eunuchs, 8, 75, 88, 89, 90, 111, 117, 122, schooling, 78 127, 188, 239, 240, 257, 277 victory, 243 Chachnama, 258 factionalism, 236, 279 Chaghatais, 24, 25, 49, 224, 262 faqirs (Sufi mendicants), 229 Chandra, Satish, 134, 254, 279 Farrukh Siyar, 310, 311, 312, 316, 317, 318, chelas (disciples), 127, 261 319, 320 Chishtis, 73, 140, 145, 146, 152, 170, Fatawa-yi ‘Alamgiri, 81, 256 270, 311 Fatuhat-i ‘Alamgiri, 189 contract (qaulnama), 40 financial crisis, 21, 278, 281 fitna, 134, 185, 188, 189, 190, 191 Dakhanis, 171, 172, 262, 301 food shortages, 203, 249, 298 Dale, Stephen, 16, 18, 24, 25, 55, 57, 59, foster-brother (koka), 74, 76, 105, 110, 117, 125, 134 127, 128, 132, 146, 228, 288 dance, 80, 87, 125 foster-mother (anaga), 73, 74, 76, 81 Danyal, 29, 30, 31, 32, 36, 37, 38, 73, 84, fratricide, 240–2 86, 144, 148, 149, 156, 159, 237, 240, 260, 261 Ganj-i Sa‘adat, 184 Dara Shukoh, 38, 39, 40, 41, 42, 68, 70, 71, Gauhar Ara, 38 81, 82, 85, 86, 87, 90, 93, 105, 108, Ghakkars, 49 110, 115, 116, 127, 128, 130, 131, 162, ghaza, 16, 17 163, 170, 172, 173, 178, 199, 200, 201, ghazi (Islamic frontier warrior), 138 237, 239, 241, 242, 244, 246, 249, 253, gifts, revenue sources, 99–102 254, 255, 256, 257, 260, 262, 285, 310, godly ruler (farman-i haqiqi), 143 315, 318 Golkonda, 41, 90, 101, 102, 111, 114, 115, alliances, 164–8 128, 130, 171, 208, 214, 218, 219, 220, military skills/reputation, 176–7 221, 278, 284, 285, 296, 297, 298, 305, religion and politics, 177–8 306, 313 darshan (viewing), 119 Gommans, Jos, 93, 217, 218, 219, 221, 280 dastur-ul-‘amal (manual of guidance), 267 Goody, Jack, 25, 38 Dawar Bakhsh, 36, 37, 43, 237, 247 Gulbadan Begum, 251, 265 degh (food cauldron), 212 deorhi-i salatin, 87 Habib, Irfan, 5, 13, 18, 83, 91, 95, 96, 134, despotic power, 3 141, 231, 266, 279 Dilras Banu Begum, 72, 90 Habshis (Afro-Indians), 172 distinguished son (farzand-i hadith (Prophetic sayings), 185 arjomand), 298 Hajj, 122 divine light (farr-i izidi), 142 Harbans, Mukhia, 7, 135, 143, 184, diwan (chief finance and revenue officer), 316 185, 262 diwan (treasurer), 159 Hardy, Peter, 134, 258 Diwan-i ‘Am, 119, 120, 122, 123, 124 harem, 87, 88, 89, 90, 109, 110, 111, 123, Dow, Alexander, 236 124, 125, 126, 130, 133, 139, 144, 147, drug abuse, 52, 242 148, 156, 195, 239, 267, 285, 286, 288, 306, 310, 321 East India Company, 18, 100, 249 Hasan, Farhat, 5, 135 Eaton, Richard, 18, 211 Hazaras, 49, 76, 140, 228 economic expansion, 17 Henaff, Marcel, 221 egalitarianism, 11 Henshall, Nicholas, 135 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-1-107-02217-1 - The Princes of the Mughal Empire, 1504–1719 Munis D. Faruqui Index More information 344 Index heresy (bid’at), 191 princely deceit, 196–9 Hindus, 1, 2, 4, 10, 13, 49, 94, 140, 141, response to princely rebellions, 196, 205, 142, 165, 176, 178, 261, 290, 292, 301, 206, 208 303, 321, 322 self-fashioning vis-a-vis Akbar, 266–71 historiography Jahangirnama, 19, 34, 68, 70, 72, 74, 112, Mughal state, 3–6, 134–5, 323–5 128, 146, 150, 152, 181, 184, 188, 189, princes, 6–7 190, 196, 204, 205, 208, 224, 225, 226, Mughal succession, 236 227, 229, 230, 266, 267, 268, 270 horse trade, 238, 283 Jahan Shah, 312, 313, 317 horse-branding regulations, 261 Jahanzeb Banu Begum, 110, 111, 141, 273 Humayun, 51, 53 Janjuas, 49 alliance building, 56, 57, 58–60 Jats, 237, 281, 289, 311, 325 daily ritual of showing himself, 63 jharokas (public viewings), 209 defeated foes, 250–51 Jinji, siege of, 300 defiance from family and brothers, 28, 53, 57, 58, 63, 232 Kam Bakhsh, 41, 44, 66, 76, 81, 85, 87, 93, imperial vision, 60–3, 265, 266 107, 240, 242, 246, 249, 274, 281, 284, tensions with Babur, 48, 52, 54, 55, 288, 293, 297, 298, 299, 301, 302, 307, 56, 265 309, 311 Kannadas, 289 image, importance of, 60–3, 174–7 karkhanas (workshops), 107, 108, 122, Iftitah-i Sultani, 174 175, 277 ijara (revenue-farm), 283 Kayasths, 140, 301 imperial edicts, 50, 165, 209, 325 Keay, John, 236 Indian Muslims, 1, 51, 56, 65, 140, 143, Kennedy, Pringle, 236 160, 161, 301 Khan Jahan Bahadur Koka, 131, 263, Indians (ahl-i Hind), 136 264, 304 Iqbalnama-i Jahangiri, 189, 190,
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