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Volume 12 Number 9 Inside This Edition November 2000 Publisher’s Commentary 5 The pristine beauty of traffic Blue Line Magazine 12A-4981 Hwy 7 East Suite 254 Policing through partnerships 6 Markham, ON L3R 1N1 Phn: (905) 640-3048 Fax: (905) 640-7547 Niagara’s casino patrol unit defines e-mail: [email protected] community law enforcement - Publisher - Morley S. Lymburner Keeping pace with computer crime 9 e-mail: [email protected] Technology 10 - General Manager - The state of the PC Mary Lymburner, M.Ed. e-mail: [email protected] Bandwagons 14 - Editor-In-Chief - On the perp walk Blair McQuillan e-mail: [email protected] Police ethics and integrity 16 - Advertising - You don’t have to be sick to get better Mary Lymburner Rhonda Shuker Product News 17 Bob Murray It’s community policing at its finest. Niagara Regional Police Cst. Habib Rangi is - Pre-press Production - List of Advertisers 17 found chatting with local resident Kelly Hayes Del Wall on the cover of this issue. News Editor Les Vitality 18 Linder captured the moment on film while vis- - News Editor - Should I diet, exercise or weight train? iting Rangi and the Niagara Regional Police Les Linder Service’s Casino Patrol Unit. Editor Blair e-mail: [email protected] McQuillan supplies the story on this unique Ecstasy seizures on the rise: expert 19 unit and the partnerships it has formed. The - Contributing Editors - UN says Canada needs better controls article can be found on page 6. Communication Skills Terry Barker As society grows increasingly dependent Police Leadership Robert Lunney Female officers receive 20 on computers, criminals are learning how to use Tactical Firearms Dave Brown policing awards the machines and the Internet to their advan- Technology Tom Rataj tage. To learn more about computer crime in Case Law Gino Arcaro this country, Blue Line Magazine consulted three Blue Line Magazine is published monthly, September to June, by Honouring Canadian peacekeepers 22 experts in the field. The resulting story is on Blue Line Magazine Incorporated with a mailing address of: Police among first recipients to receive 12A - 4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste. 254, page 9. Markham, Ontario, L3R 1N1. Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal If you’re looking to purchase a computer, Individual magazines are $3.50 each. Subscriptions are $25.00 per year or $40.00 for 2 years. (US/Foreign - $50.00) you had better read the article submitted by All articles are protected by copyright. No part of this publication It’s always okay to ask for help 23 Technology Editor Tom Rataj. In this issue, our may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means, resident computer guru examines the current electronic or mechanical, including photocopying and recording or by any information storage or retrieval system without permission Symposium brings questioning 24 state of the PC. Turn to page 10. from the publisher. Internet activity is monitored and use of of youth to forefront The International Association of Women material on the Internet is restricted. All material submitted for publication becomes the property of Police recently held their annual conference in Blue Line Magazine unless other arrangements have been made Toronto. Part of the event included an award 1999 Police Leadership Nominee 26 with the publisher. ceremony which recognized six Canadian offic- The authors, advisors and Publisher accept no liability whatsoever for any injuries to persons or property resulting from the ers. The award recipients can be found on page application or adoption of any of the procedures, tactics or Interviewing skills can be taught 28 20. considerations presented in this magazine. Readers are cautioned and advised that articles presented herein are edited and supplied In 1996, Blue Line Magazine conducted a for your personal awareness and should not be used for further Case Law 29 sweeping review of Employee Assistance Pro- action until appropriate advice and guidance is received from a supervisor, Crown Attorney or other person in authority. Anonymous tip: Determining grams in Canada. In this issue, Les Linder sub- Established in 1988, Blue Line Magazine is an independent reasonable grounds mits a follow up article. For the results, turn to publication designed to inform, entertain, educate and upgrade the page 23. skills of those involved in the law enforcement profession. It has no Alberta’s Lacombe Police Service is celebrat- direct control from a law enforcement agency and its opinions and Priests or virgins didn’t tame the west 30 articles do not necessarily reflect the opinions of any government, ing 100 years of policing. Cpl. Gary Leslie, who police, or law enforcement agency. Blue Line Magazine is a The Lacombe Police Service private venture and as such is not funded by any level of has served with the force for 17 years, looks government agency, union or association. celebrates 100 years back on its rich history. To learn about law en- Printed in Canada by Garson Graphic Services Inc. forcement in the old west, go to page 30. - Affiliations- Book Reviews 32 Since Blue Line Magazine went on-line more International Association of Law Enforcement Planners than a year ago, the website has been very busy. Canadian Advertising Rates & Data International Police Association The Blue Line Forum 34 Thousands of law enforcement authorities from The Police Leadership Forum around the world have visited the site each The Canadian Press Newswire month. Now these loyal readers can have their Periodical Publishers Exchange The Back Of The Book 38 say on The Blue Line Forum, which is available ISSN #0847 8538 More tales from club fed at www.blueline.ca. An introduction to the new Canada Post - Canadian Publications Mail forum, its moderators and the topics it will cover Product Sales Agreement No. 176796 The Blue Line Reading Library 39 can be found on page 34.

November 2000 3 Blue Line Magazine

by Morley Lymburner The pristine beauty of traffic When I was a traffic training officer I was away from the accident and all the pretty girls We looked inside the rear seat and saw a called into the boss’ office. He was seriously get mutilated faces from hitting the windshield,” crying toddler in an infant seat being attended concerned about a new officer. A “draftee,” or- I said. “Have I got that straight?” to by another paramedic. dered to work in our unit. He stared at me for a moment as the mes- “Ten years ago I would be pulling a dead “I’m really worried about this guy,” he said. sage sank in. We finished our coffee and re- mother and child out of this car,” I said. “When “He is an excellent officer, but he absolutely turned to the scout car. I give out those tickets I have to be the bad guy hates the idea of working in traffic duties. I At our next call we arrived to see a truck so the good guys can survive.” would like you to take him out on the road with that had slammed into the front corner of a small We returned to the station and as I walked you for a few days and introduce him to...” car. The woman driver was conscious and four to my office I glanced back at my partner. He “The pristine beauty of traffic,” I inter- firefighters were trying to cut away the dash was at the front desk talking to the sergeant and jected. from around her legs. getting back his transfer request. The next afternoon I greeted the gloomy faced officer in my office. “I know you’re the hired gun Lymburner,” he said quickly. “But l don’t like traffic work and I don’t like traffic cops. I’ve already got my transfer in to the sergeant at the desk.” “Okay, okay.” I said, “I haven’t got any rank over you so we might as well act like friends and just hit the road.” The first order of the afternoon was the nearest coffee shop. En route we stopped at a traffic light beside a very striking young lady in a sports car. My partner suddenly rearranged the cor- ners of his mouth and commented about the physical attributes of our fellow motorist. “This requires further investigation,” I added as I activated my roof lights and mo- tioned her to pull to the side of the road. I approached the young lady and received the appropriate documents. Returning to my scout car a now very interested partner began to review the essentials on the drivers licence as I retrieved my summons book. “What’re you doing?” he asked. “Writing a ticket for not wearing a seatbelt,” I responded. “What? You mean you saw that woman and the only thing you could see was that she wasn’t wearing a seatbelt? “Wow, everything I heard about you traffic cops is true then. You’d ticket your own moth- ers wouldn’t you?” “My mother learned to wear her seatbelt after just one ticket,” I responded wryly. After writing the ticket, we continued on our quest for coffee. One more traffic stop for a grey-haired gen- tleman for failing to stop for a stop sign and another seat belt violation and we pulled into the coffee shop for our fill-up. “Okay,” my partner said. “You’ve got me curious. What makes you guys tick?” My moment had arrived. “First, let me get this straight about you divisional guys. You would never give a ticket to that pretty woman with the smiling face, right?” “Well, that’s right. We save the chincy tick- ets for the bad guys You know the jerks that really cause trouble in the area,” he replied. “Okay then. That means whenever a bad guy gets into an accident in your area he walks

November 2000 5 Blue Line Magazine Policing through partnerships Niagara’s casino patrol unit defines community law enforcement by Blair McQuillan

Critics who would have you believe com- munity based policing is nothing more than a buzz term peddled by law enforcement offi- cials in an effort to win public confidence have obviously never met Cst. Habib Rangi. Rangi, a member of the Niagara Regional Police Service’s Casino Patrol Unit, not only knows the meaning of community policing, he has helped to define it. “If you look at this unit, it’s community policing at its best,” says Rangi, who joined the regional force two years ago. “A lot of the time we’re solving problems before they originate.” Formed in 1996 when Casino Niagara was built on the region’s waterfront, the 26-member casino unit is responsible for patrolling a 20 sq. km area which is home to numerous hotels, countless businesses and approximately 5,000 residents. Then there are the tourists. More than 14 million people visited Niagara Region last year, 10 million of whom passed through the casino, which lies in the heart of the police unit’s dis- trict. The sheer volume of people results in crowded streets and creates a unique policing environment. “In the summer it’s impossible to patrol with the cruisers,” said Rangi, 26. “You can’t travel anywhere because the other cars have nowhere to go.” As a result, the casino unit has at least one officer walking the beat at all times in addition to utilizing their fleet of six mountain bikes and one motorcycle. With visitors from all over the world in their midst, members of the unit interact extensively with tourists as they are constantly called on to give directions, point out the best places to eat PART OF THE JOB: A tourist stops Rangi on the street and asks for a photograph. and pose for photographs. “To join the casino unit you have to enjoy Ontario Provincial Police who are responsible we’re looking for as far as a response. You don’t interacting with people,” explains Cst. Angelo for enforcing gaming laws inside the casino it- get radios blasting when they’re coming through Blancato, an 11-year veteran of the force. “If self, local Commissionaires, Niagara Parks po- the hotel lobby because they know that they’re you don’t like talking to tourists and you don’t lice and immigration and customs officials. The going to alarm some of the guests. You don’t like crowded areas, this is not for you.” group meets monthly to discuss law enforce- typically have that understanding until you But make no mistake about it, there is more ment and security issues affecting the agencies know someone in the industry.” to this unit than posing for photos with fami- and businesses they represent. In addition to the alliance, the casino patrol lies from abroad. Old-fashioned law enforce- “The benefits are truly incredible,” said unit recently launched two other community ment is always at the forefront. Carlo Robazza the security manager for Cana- policing initiatives. In 1999, the unit handled more than 1,600 dian Niagara Hotels Inc. “It’s amazing because The first, known as PACT - which stands calls, with 300 of those coming from the casino we never had this type of open and free com- for Preventing All Crime Together - is a pro- itself. Fortunately, the majority of these calls munication with the police.” gram which rewards area employees for help- were made less troublesome thanks to the strong Since its inception in April, the alliance has ing police or security personnel with investiga- ties the police service has formed with other law helped reduce petty thefts in hotels, solve traf- tions, or for forwarding crime prevention tips enforcement and security agencies in the area. fic congestion around the casino and create open to their employers. In an effort to ensure the public is being dialogue and familiarity between its members. Program co-ordinators will select a “crime served in a timely and effective manner, “I know my staff likes to be able to talk one- prevention employee of the month”, who will Blancato and Rangi formed the Casino Police on-one with the officers and minimize any gap,” receive a $100 cash reward for their service. and Security Alliance. The alliance is comprised Robazza said. “Because we meet on a monthly “We’ve already received submissions from of private sector representatives, security per- basis the police better understand our concerns. people who have crime prevention ideas and sonnel, casino patrol officers, members of the “They’re a little more sensitive to what we already have people who’ve helped us with

November 2000 6 Blue Line Magazine major investigations,” Rangi said. The second initiative created by the casino patrol unit, is a communications system that can be used to alert citizens, businesses and security personnel about criminals and crime trends in the district. “Casino Niagara’s been gracious enough to lend us their technical assistance,” said Staff Sgt. Doug Brooks, the head of the casino patrol unit. Information will be sent through a telephone or paging system, Brooks said. Non-urgent no- tices will be transmitted by fax. The unit hopes to utilize e-mail sometime in the future. The communication system can be used to send out information regarding ongoing scams, the use of counterfeit money in the area and to help locate visitors who are wanted by their families back home. “We are a major tourist destination, so there are compassion calls to locate people that we receive almost daily,” Brooks explains. “We had no real way of dealing with them, but now we’re going to have a way to react to it.” In terms of enforcement, the casino unit works in a creative and diligent manner to en- sure the safety and well being of those who live, work and play in the region. Liquor checks are part of the unit’s regular patrol duties. Officers will routinely enter bars in the area to check the identification of patrons and gather information. “It’s just part of taking that pro-active ap- proach,” Rangi said. “That’s the unique thing about this unit, you get the time to do these things where as in other divisions or other places, you won’t be allowed to for different reasons.” During the summer, the casino unit worked on a project with immigration and customs of- ficials dubbed Operation Teen Safe. “It’s basically a border blitz,” explains Blancato, 32. “Everybody coming across the border gets stopped.” The purpose of the blitz is to seize alcohol, weapons and narcotics and stop underage drink- ers with fake identification from entering Niagara Falls. As a result of the numerous and varied ini- tiatives undertaken by the casino patrol unit, the district enjoyed one of the safest summers on record. “Where other police agencies may meas- ure their worth by the number of arrests, or lack of complaints, I’ve found the proudest I can be of this unit and what we’ve accom- plished together can be found when you come around here at 11 or 12 p.m.,” Brooks said. “You can see families walking around and they’re not hanging on to their children and they’re not hanging on to their purses. They’re enjoying themselves, they feel comfortable and they’re having a good time.” Blancato agrees. “When people come here we want them to feel safe, have a good time and leave saying, ‘Niagara Falls was great.’ How do you do that? Be seen. We’re out there walking, we’re out there on the bikes, we have the motorcycle out, we have the cruiser out. We’re visible. You see the police and you know it’s a safe place.”

November 2000 7 Blue Line Magazine

Keeping pace with computer crime by Blair McQuillan “A lot of schools and public fa- cilities that have access to the Inter- net don’t have login set up,” Wray As computer use increases, so too said. “Somebody, for instance, could does computer crime. go to a library, send a threat to some- “It’s rising continually,” says Cst. body and we could trace it back to Tony Cassella, a member of the Halifax the library (but) then that’s it. Regional Police Service’s Computer Fo- “We’ve been trying to educate rensic Unit. “It’s not really rapid, but the public bodies to require some sort it’s happening at a steady pace.” of sign-on procedure.” And why wouldn’t it rise? Like hon- Wray also suggests that busi- est citizens, criminals are utilizing com- nesses go one step further and create puter technology to make their lives firewalls to ensure they aren’t vic- easier. Crimes involving fraud, extortion timized. and the distribution of child pornogra- “A lot of systems in businesses phy can all be perpetrated by an offender are wide open,” he said. “They need utilizing a computer from the comfort of to get a firewall and have the firewall his or her own home. and login facilities set up so if there “It’s just a different medium being was an intrusion there’s a way to trace used to carry out the same offences that where it came from.” have always been there,” Cassella, a 21- The length of time necessary to year police veteran, told Blue Line Maga- investigate computer crimes can vary zine in a recent interview. “But there are depending on the type of offence that some specific to computers themselves.” is committed and the amount of in- Internet auction fraud is one such crime. gating computer crime can be time consuming formation available. This type of crime is perpetrated through and costly. “It varies from case to case,” Cassella said. Internet auction sites, such as E-bay and Ya- “The biggest problem has been resources - “Some cases you can do within a couple of hoo, according to Det. Cst. Les Wray of the financial, human and technical,” said Stinnissen, days, some cases take months, up to a year, or Vancouver Police Service’s Computer Crime a 22-year veteran. “As computers become syn- maybe longer. It’s no different than any other Unit. onymous with day-to-day life, we’re finding type of investigation.” In most cases, a person will obtain a mailbox that computers are entering almost every crimi- As for the future, all three officers agree using fake identification and then offer an item nal investigation.” that computer crime will continue to rise as for sale on an auction site. The victim will then Wray echoes the statements made by his criminals become increasingly computer pay for the item, which subsequently never ar- provincial police counterpart. savvy. rives. “The biggest problem with it being fairly “It will continue to grow and police and “A lot of people are just sending cash or new is there’s not a lot of resources available as government agencies will grow with it,” money orders,” Wray says. “They’re obviously far as personnel,” he said. Stinnissen said. “We’ll have no choice re- losing out.” Wray, who has worked in Vancouver’s com- ally.” Even the world’s oldest profession has puter crime unit since it was launched in March, “I would say within the next three years found an on-ramp to the information highway. says computer security is an issue the public (the computer crime unit) will probably be the In March, Halifax police ended a year-long must address. biggest section in most departments,” Cassella investigation with the arrest of a man who had The 13-year veteran said it is important for said. “When you take all the computerized allegedly been involved in on-line prostitution. public and private facilities to have a sign-up or crimes relating to organized crime, motorcycle The offence was brought to the attention of the login protocols established on their systems re- gangs (and) large corporate extortion, that’s all police by one of the young girls whose services quiring users to enter their name before gaining going to be on the rise. were being offered on the Internet. access to a computer. This gives investigators “The computer is an easy way of transfer- Multiple charges were laid in the case, information to work with in the event that a ring data or files anywhere in the world and which is still before the court. crime takes place. people are realizing this.” Cassella said it is the first case in Canada involving Internet prostitution with someone under the age of 18. So what exactly is computer crime? Det. Staff Sgt. Arni Stinnissen, of the Ontario Pro- vincial Police Service’s E-Crime Team says com- puter crime can be broken down into three cat- egories: • The computer as a tool, which includes using No the technology as a medium to commit fraud, Die send e-mails or hack into someone’s compu- ter. Charges! • The computer as a victim, which includes A Ring of Exceptional Quality websites that are hacked or destroyed. to Show Your “Pride in Service” • The computer as a repository of evidence. This occurs when information relating to any CALL TODAY FOR YOUR FREE COLOUR BROCHURE Check out our new web page at www.pride-in-service.on.ca crime is stored on a computer. 1-800-535-9735 Like every other type of offence, investi- Pride in Service P.O. Box 705 Pickering, Ontario L1V 3T3 Fax: (905) 509-6933

November 2000 9 Blue Line Magazine The state of the PC Despite all the techno-babble, there are a few simple by Tom Rataj strategies when buying a new computer

Friends and colleagues often ap- proach saves money and provides proach me, looking for advice on buy- just the basics, it also limits the abil- ing a new computer or upgrading an ity to upgrade should the basics older machine. While I try to give prove to be inadequate. Most inte- them straightforward answers, it has grated motherboards let you disable become increasingly difficult to do. the built-in audio and video so you While the computer market has can add separate add-on cards, but always advanced at a rapid pace, the then some of the cases don’t have past few years have given us more any available slots to physically add advances in a shorter period of time the cards, so you are stuck with what than ever before. Various companies you bought. and technologies have come and gone, The other major areas where while a few powerhouses like IBM budget systems usually compromise, and Microsoft just seem to cruise is the amount of memory, size of the along without too many problems. hard drive, and size and quality of For most of the past 10 years or monitor. While all these things can so, a decently equipped computer be upgraded, it is always cheaper to has cost about $2,000. The speed, start off with better quality than size and capacity of what you get upgrading in the future. for your money has greatly increased in that homework, accessing the Internet; writing cor- time and there have been great fluctuations in respondence and playing a few light games is a Need For Speed the pricing of certain components. lot different than a PC used for photo editing, Processor speeds have risen so dramatically, Over the past two years, numerous manu- accounting, and high-end games. that even budget systems often start out at facturers have introduced budget systems that A budget PC, in the under $1,500 range, is around 500 Mhz. This is certainly adequate for come in under $1,000. Various peripherals such more than adequate for the first type of use, most general computing and Internet use. as inkjet printers and scanners have turned into while a higher-end PC, in the $2,500 range, is From this low-end of processor speeds, disposable appliances that are so cheap to buy necessary for the second type of use. where the processor costs around $135, the that repairing them is more expensive. There are numerous compromises in the prices slowly rise in increments of around $20 Changes in technologies such as processors budget PC that limit usable life span and the until they reach the 800 Mhz mark where prices and memory have made upgrading complicated, ability to upgrade in the future. It is probably rise dramatically, topping out at over $1,000 and more expensive than replacing older equip- best to stay away from the bottom of the budget for the 1.13 Ghz (1,130Mhz) top of the line. ment outright. market, the under $1,000 range, instead settling The sweet spot for processor speeds is in the on certain minimum standards that provide far 700 Mhz range. Needs Vs Wants more options for the future. Both market-leader Intel Inc., and upstart While we all want the best of everything Most budget systems start with a Advanced Micro Devices (AMD), have been we can afford, buying a PC should really be motherboard that has the sound and video con- battling it out during the last two years. Intel’s driven by needs instead of wants (with some trollers built right onto the motherboard instead budget processor line, the Celeron, has been considerations). A PC used primarily for kid’s of being separate add-on cards. While this ap- continued page 12

November 2000 10 Blue Line Magazine facing some stiff competition from AMD’s tasks can be accomplished with an 8 MB video new Duron line, which seems to have a few card ($50), while serious gamers would be best advantages in both overall processing power served with a 32 or 64 MB video card (up to and price. Intel’s flagship Pentium III line has $500). Many budget systems with an inte- passed the 1 Ghz speed, and AMD has intro- grated video controller include only 2 MB of duced the Athlon and Thunderbird lines that video memory, or borrow memory from the also reach past the 1 Ghz speed limit. main system-memory, making them a ques- For a budget system used for kid’s home tionable buy. work, Internet access and light computing needs a Duron or Celeron processor running COMMUNICATION at 600 MHz is certainly adequate. The 56Kb modem became the standard place were most budget systems skimp. Since around three years ago and there has been very MEMORY the monitor is the component the user interacts little change since then. Some of the standards Memory prices have yo-yoed over the past with the most, this is the one place to spend have been ironed out, and prices have fallen by five years or so, being influenced by increased any extra money available in the budget. A good 50 to 75 per cent. demand and natural disasters such as the earth- quality monitor will also out-live several re- A decent name brand 56K fax/modem with quake in Kobe Japan, that destroyed some ma- placement computers, providing up to 10 years voice capability has fallen to around the $50 jor production facilities. Most budget systems of acceptable service. range. It can provide decent dial-up Internet skimp on memory by only including 32 MB, As with many other components, sizes have access and comes with all the software to pro- which barely meets the minimum needs of Win- increased and prices have fallen dramatically. vide fax and voice-mail functions. dows alone. Over the past two years, the 17” monitor has Many budget systems include Once you run one or two programs, all this become the most popular size, supplanting the “Winmodems” which rely on the computer and memory is used and Windows needs to spend 15” monitor. Monitor quality has also increased Windows to function, while regular “hardware” time and effort swapping files back and forth considerably and flat LCD panels (like those in modems handle everything themselves, and pro- from the hard drive, which slows everything laptop computers) have made significant inroads vide better service and value. A slower budget down. Opting for a system that includes a mini- in the market, although they are still in the luxury system using a Winmodem will get slowed-down mum of 64 MB memory is a wise choice. With price area of $1,500 and up for a 15” monitor. marginally with the demands of the Winmodem. retail prices for 32 MB memory modules around The most crucial specification when shop- High-speed Internet access is the latest $100, twice as much is only priced around $75 ping for a monitor is the “dot-pitch” size, which emerging standard, and is available in a variety more, so it’s a good investment. is quoted in fractions of a millimetre. This fig- of forms, all of which require a specialised mo- ure represents the diagonal measurement be- dem for the individual technology. The cable SPACE tween the pixels (the black space), so a smaller TV companies offer their “@HOME” service Storage space on PC’s has mushroomed in dot-pitch figure provides a better image. A 17” which uses existing cable lines, while the tel- the past two years, with most manufacturers monitor with a 0.27 mm dot pitch will appear ephone companies and some independent com- building hard drives no smaller that 6.5 GB, and grainy when viewed beside a 17” monitor with panies are providing high-speed telephone ac- rapidly closing in on the 100 GB mark. While a 0.25 mm dot pitch. The price difference be- cess using Digital Subscriber Line (DSL) tech- sizes have increased rapidly, prices have plum- tween the two is around $100, with the more nology in several versions. Direct broadcast tech- meted. Four years ago I bought a 1 GB drive for expensive monitor also providing many en- nology and satellite technology also provide just over $300, while today that same money hanced features. Internet access. will buy at least 20 GB. There is a bewildering array of monitors on Buying a system with a huge hard drive can the market starting in the under $200 range for CD, DVD, CD-RW be expensive, since prices rise rapidly after the a decent 15”, while the standard 17” starts in Every new computer has been equipped 20 GB point. Many budget systems feature the $300 range and tops-out over $500. A major with a CD-ROM player since around 1994, small hard drives of 10 GB or less. For an extra consideration with a 17” or larger monitor, is and it has become the international standard for $10 you can increase disk space by 50 per cent, the amount of desk-space needed. There are removable storage. The speed of a CD-ROM and for an additional $20 you can move right up many short-neck 17” monitors on the market, player is really irrelevant at this point because to 20 GB. The 15 to 20 GB range should pro- that feature a shorter picture tube than normal, they are all fast. vide more than enough storage space for most fitting into the same space as a regular 15” moni- DVD players, which use the same sized basic computing needs. tor (about a 2” difference). discs as CD’s, but with higher capacities, are Driving a big monitor at a finer resolution quite common on many new more expensive PICTURES or to play high-end computer games requires a machines. Unfortunately, there are very few The computer component a user interacts video card with a fast processor and a decent computer titles available on DVD, so they are with the most is the monitor, which is again the amount of memory. Most general computing really only good for viewing movies, which seems quite pointless. Most will also play regu- lar CD’s, but at a price difference of at least $100, that money would be better spent on other upgrades. CD writers and re-writers, commonly re- ferred to as CD-RW, are also quite common- place in newer machines. Using special CD’s they allow you to make your own CD’s, using either single-use CD’s or reusable CD’s that are effectively like giant floppy-disks. Prices have more or less stabilised, settling in the $250 to $350 range, so it is probably a good time to buy a CD-RW if you are in the market. For a budget system, a CD-RW is probably classed as a luxury item, although dependant on your needs, it may be a good addition to your system.

November 2000 12 Blue Line Magazine SCANNING basic speakers, which can be had for a com- The dramatic rise in the Internet has driven bined price of around $60. the need for getting images into computers. For twice the price, a decent sound card Flatbed scanners are the industry standard and connected to a subwoofer and pair of speakers with mail-in rebates and various other purchas- will provide sound rivalling a decent portable ing incentives can often be bought for under stereo, allowing the user to listen to audio CD’s $100. while using the computer. While there are numerous differences in reso- Serious gamers may want to spend more lution and colour depth between different scan- money to get 3-D surround sound and other ners, a typical home user would be adequately fancy features. served by any scanner in the $100 to $150 range. Better software, higher resolutions and colour depths are included with more expensive scan- CONCLUSIONS The state of the computer market is very ners. volatile, with changes happening at a staggering The primary consideration when buying a rate. Prices continue to plummet, all the while scanner is the technology used to connect it to speeds and capacities march forward at an alarm- the computer. Most new computers in the past ing rate. For the average consumer, buying a two years have included USB ports, which have new computer is a mind-boggling exercise from replaced the older and more temperamental se- the technology point of view alone. Added into rial and parallel port technologies. all the buying decisions are an array of instant Higher-end scanners use the more expen- rebates, mail-in rebates, sale prices and package sive SCSI technology, which requires a sepa- deals that are impossible to compare. rate interface card. Keeping a few simple concepts in mind can Look for a scanner with a USB connection, help the average user to make an informed deci- since it is the easiest to set-up and use, and sion when buying an expensive device that will provides adequate speed for the average home be superseded within weeks or months by or small business user. newer technology. A new computer system priced under $2,000 today will need to be re- PRINTING placed within about three years because it will Johannes Gutenberg, the inventor of the become too small and too slow to keep up with printing press in the 15th century, would truly the software available in the future and techno- be impressed by modern computer printing tech- logical advances will make upgrading too ex- nology, which puts high-quality, colour, type- pensive. set printing into the hands of anyone with about $100 and a computer. The rise of the colour inkjet printer to the forefront of the market has been one of the re- ally amazing advancements in the last five years. Initially an expensive novelty, the inkjet printer WORLD CLASS is now a $100 disposable computer appliance and the most popular choice among home and small business users. Although the bottom end PROTECTION AND COMFORT of the market features slow, noisy low-resolu- A complete armour line (we pioneered them). tion printers, another $100 procures a decent The toughest protection standards (we meet them). increase in speed and overall quality. Inkjet technology is the most expensive Unlimited accessory and custom options (we offer them). printing technology available, since the ink is quite expensive. Many of the really cheap As important as these features are, protective apparel in thc real budget printers initially cost little more than world demands one other critical component... comfort. the replacement cost of all their ink cartridges at once. That’s why at ÆGIS our designers place a special emphasis on Look for an inkjet with four separate ink material selection and fabric weaves so that our products meet your cartridges, as opposed to a single black and sin- most demanding standards of protection and durability and are gle tri-colour cartridge, which need to be re- placed when one of the three colours runs out. comfortable to wear. Day in and day out. Canon and Xerox both make several models with Real world comfort that makes ÆGIS a world class body armour this feature. Many newer printers also feature USB tech- supplier to national and international police and peace keeping forces. nology, which is faster than older parallel port ÆGIS technology, and as with scanners, is easier to set-up and use. Engineered Textile Products Inc. The cheapest printer to use is a laser printer, ______although the prices start at around $400. A bet- 251 Fifth Avenue ter quality colour inkjet printer starts at around Arnprior, Ontario $200. K7S 3M3 Tel: 613-623-6001 Fax: 613-623-6169 SOUND Most home users will be adequately served www.aegisinc.on.ca with a simple 16-bit sound card, and a pair of

November 2000 13 Blue Line Magazine On the perp walk The public exposure of persons in custody prior to conviction by Robert Lunney The “perp walk” is New York slang for the tures wildly out of context. The evening news practice of affording the media an opportunity might show videotape of an accused serial rap- to photograph or videotape an accused person ist giving a drunken toast at a wedding, frolick- being transported to and from court appear- ing at a swim party or in scenes including wholly ances. It’s a common sight in Canadian news- innocent and uninvolved people. papers and TV news, but suppose new pri- vacy provisions or court decisions prohibited Arguments Favouring The Perp Walk this custom? Personal privacy issues and consequences What if the custody transfers of Paul aside for the moment, there are thoughtful argu- Bernardo and Karla Homolka had been con- ments in support of the perp walk. ducted in windowless vans from a closed garage “Society hates crime and hates criminals,” and their images protected during courthouse professor Robert McCrie told the Chicago Trib- appearances? une. “When we see that someone has been ap- Is it a valid criticism that the perp walk is prehended, looking forlorn and be-shackled, it an exercise in trophy display by police, strut- indicates that the system is working, and that ting their stuff before the public to justify their the defendant will get his just desserts.” actions? Do the attending media take on the Anthropologist Dr. David Kertzer of Brown likeness of a morbid chorus? Is the media event PHOTO OPS: Perp walks give the University writes, in his book Ritual, Politics indelibly printed on the minds of the public so media a chance to photograph criminals. and Power that “the walk symbolically recon- that a person can never fully recover his former ciles people’s contradictory feelings about the good repute? Would the public support the pri- proceed with a lawsuit against the city seeking perp. While they think he’s probably guilty vacy of the accused in appreciation of their compensatory and punitive damages for the (since most defendants are eventually convicted) immunity prior to conviction, or would people embarrassment and damage to his reputation. and hope the crime has been solved, they also be upset at denial of their right to be informed? The judge found that in this case, the perp walk believe that he should be presumed innocent was, “conducted in a manner designed to cause and treated fairly. A Controversial Court Decision humiliation to the plaintiff with no legitimate “Displaying the person in handcuffs is a This issue was highlighted by the ruling of law enforcement objective or justification.” ritual degradation that publicly signals his change a civil trial judge in New York City in February If the rules favoured the privacy rights of in status from an ordinary citizen. The police 1999, when he determined that the perp walk the accused over the public right to know, news- presence during the walk reinforces our desire was a violation of the constitutional rights of a papers and television stations might go to any for moral boundaries to be enforced. But we’re burglary suspect who was paraded before TV lengths to give the public a glimpse of them. also afraid of police power run amok, so we cameras by the NYPD. Theft charges against They might buy old snapshots and home vid- expect the police to act decorously, and its re- the man were later dismissed. eos from disgruntled relatives and neighbours, assuring to see the perp’s right being protected The judge ruled the former accused could delve into high school yearbooks and use pic- by other social institutions, like the courthouse where he’s being taken. A ritual like the perp walk eases social anxieties about someone whose status is unclear.” But Allan Borovoy, General Counsel to the Calgary police officer killed Canadian Civil Liberties Association, is of the A Calgary police con- with severe head injuries and firm opinion that there is no legitimate public stable was killed in Septem- died a short time later. interest in the police collaborating with the ber after he fell through a The break and enter call media, if doing so would inflict a gratuitous in- ceiling while responding to turned out to be a false alarm. dignity on an accused person. a break and enter call. “This is a combination of We should not be mislead by the decision Cst. John Petropoulos, circumstances for which no of the New York judge, who based his ruling on 32, was one of several offic- one is to blame and we har- a specific set of circumstances. It was estab- ers dispatched to a business bour no bitterness that there lished in testimony that the contested photo in the early hours of Sept. was no cause for this call,” opportunity was not in the course of normal 29. While searching the Silverberg said. “We accept transportation, but a deliberate act by a detec- building with fellow offic- this because it is our sworn tive responding to a media request. The accused ers, Petropoulos climbed a duty to serve and to protect.” was displayed for the photo op, then driven ladder onto a mezzanine Petropoulos, a four-year around the block and returned to the station. area. veteran of the Calgary Po- While the media have a driving need to fulfil “It appears he lost his Cst. John Petropoulos lice Service, is survived by the public’s demand for coverage, it’s fair to footing and fell through ceil- his wife Maryanne. say that no ethical media photographer or re- ing tiles onto the concrete floor of a lunch “John was extremely well regarded and porter desires to be a party to an event staged room area, about nine feet below,” Calgary liked by his colleagues and indeed, all who only for its publicity value. police Chief Christine Silverberg told the knew him,” Silverberg said. “His career with media. the Calgary Police Service, now cut tragi- Despite That, Is There Petropoulos was rushed to hospital cally short, was promising.” A Case For Change? Persons charged with serious offences are

November 2000 14 Blue Line Magazine subject to identification procedures including graphic opportunities to the media. When an In too many circumstances police escorts the taking of photographs. Perhaps there is a accused is transported from one location to are contending with poor facility design afford- legal interpretation, or room for some future another, there will usually be natural and una- ing inadequate protection, which unnecessarily law amendment, that would permit the release voidable intervals where the person in cus- expose accused persons. These conditions of these photos to the media in a way that would tody will be exposed to public view. If the should be remedied. During the most notorious obviate the potential indecency of the perp media is aware of the transportation arrange- perp walk in history, Lee Harvey Oswald was walk. Otherwise, I doubt that we shall see any ments (and it’s their job to seek this out), it’s murdered while surrounded by police. end to the perp walks that are now standard up to photographers and camera crews to fare in our newspapers and on television. show up and take advantage. Justice Must Be Seen To Be Done The law is a clumsy instrument for ensur- • The behaviour and demeanour of police es- The passage of an accused person to and ing standards of decency. As in many circum- corts must at all times be undemonstrative, from trial is as much a part of due process as stances, if the police exercise restraint through steady and professional. If the accused is com- the ritualistic handcuffing of an accused in the practices in harmony with human rights princi- pliant and there is no extraordinary security courtroom following conviction. For the ples, there is no need for legal intervention. threat, there is no need for an elaborate and present, the perp walk is the prevailing cus- From the police view, and in a spirit of re- pointed display of physical restraint. Leg tom, serving as both a moral statement and the sponsibility and accountability, we can agree to shackles should be used only if the need is visible evidence of the process of justice. some guiding principles. clearly established by reasonable evidence. No For the police, it’s nothing more than an- • It is patently wrong for a subject to be pa- act of restraint should be applied out of mal- other duty to be carried out with dignity and raded for the sole benefit of providing photo- ice or for punitive reasons. decorum.

Officers gather for annual memorial service More than 1,500 law enforcement of- ficers, relatives and spectators gathered in September in front of the Peace Tower in Ottawa to honour all officers killed in the line of duty. With drums beating and bagpipes play- ing, hundreds of officers from more than 20 police services across North America marched past five police uniform hats, rep- resenting the four men and one woman who lost their lives in the last year. In June, Ontario Provincial Police Sgt. Margaret Eve, 38, died of massive head in- juries after a tractor-trailer struck a string of cruisers and another vehicle stopped on the side of Hwy. 401. Six months earlier, Sr. Cst. James McFadden was struck on the same high- way. The 49-year-old OPP officer was writing a ticket inside an unmarked car with lights flashing at the time of the crash. Delta police Cst. Mark Nieuwenhuis, 36, died when his motorcycle collided with a concrete post during an April pursuit. Sr. Cst. Chuck Mercier, 34, a 13-year OPP veteran, was killed in a September car accident. Daniel Rowan, a peace officer with Corrections Canada, died in a November plane crash while en route to Kosovo with other humanitarian aid workers. Canadian Police Association President Grant Obst said the annual memorial service is a time of both remembrance and reflection. Federal Solicitor General Lawrence MacAulay announced the government has worked with police associations to create a new memorial wall to replace the granite stones where names had been previously engraved. The wall is located just west of the Centre Block, overlooking the Ottawa River.

November 2000 15 Blue Line Magazine Police ethics and integrity You don’t have to be sick to get better by Robert J. Fitches policing too. It is no longer good enough to feel Ethics and integrity should never be taken good about catching criminals. We are being held for granted and they are not negotiable. Doing When looking at the actions of some offic- to account for how we did it. the right thing is, quite simply, the right thing to ers who may have truly fallen off the rails and In trying to understand this phenomenon, I do. committed some criminal act, one may believe did some research into the Barrings Bank fi- Police leaders have to make sure that their that this individual, once culled out of the herd, asco. organizations are aware of, and intend to has a limited negative influence on the organiza- In that situation, one rogue trader emulate an ethical vision and direction. tion. Nothing could be further from the truth. named Leeson, a bank employee, suc- Police service boards must demand this An individual’s behaviour often has a major ceeded in destroying The Barrings of their chiefs, and the chiefs must, in impact on his or her organization long after the Bank; an institution that was over turn, demand it of their organizations. dust has settled. 350 years old. He did so alone, There is also a relationship be- For more than eight years, I have been pre- without any known assistance tween the chief and the board that siding over Police Services Act Hearings across and, believe it or not, he did so has to be clearly defined and Ontario. I retired in September 1999 and since with a noble intent. He had hoped agreed to. that time have been offering my services to all to make the bank millions of dol- There is no magic pill avail- Ontario police services. lars and become a hero. able that will ensure that indi- From the first day that I began sitting on If one highly motivated indi- vidual officers will always strive police discipline hearings, I have been struck vidual can destroy an institution for and achieve ethical excellence. by the similarities in many of the situations and that is more than three centuries There is a need to learn, to apply also the potential for mitigation or prevention old, what affect may a less nobly the lessons and constantly ques- of a host of them if the officers had made differ- motivated police officer have on tion ourselves about what we are ent decisions early on in their situations. a police service and its reputa- doing, how we are doing it and As a result of what I have seen and heard, I tion in the community? why we are doing it. began wondering what I might do to help edu- The Barrings Bank situation has There is a strategy that police lead- cate and inform police officers and police lead- significant parallels to law enforce- ers must employ if they wish to breathe ers on these issues. To this end, Tony Turner ,a ment. life into their organization’s ethics. Po- retired Durham Regional police officer, and I One of the major reasons that lice leaders have an obligation to effec- have been spending literally hundreds of hours Leeson was able to pull off this scam tively communicate their vision to the researching ethics and integrity. was because the two stock exchanges organization. They must properly equip While doing this research, we have been he was dealing with didn’t communi- their employees with the tools they will amazed by the similarities between business cate with one another. One need only require to carry out this ethical vision. and law enforcement in terms of ethical dilem- look at the Campbell Commission Re- Police officers and civilian employ- mas and ethical decision-making. I once believed port, which examined the police investi- ees at all levels of the organization have that policing was unlike any other profession. I gation into killer Paul Bernardo, to see the par- an obligation to provide the quality of service am now totally convinced that we are really not allel. Campbell indicated very clearly the im- that their communities can and do expect. They much different than other organizations, includ- portance of intra-service as well as inter-serv- also have an obligation to expect nothing less of ing private sector business and industry, at least ice communications. their colleagues. Loyalty to the nobility of the in terms of ethics. Police officers are driven to their profes- profession must become paramount in every- The one recurring theme while doing this sion because of a deep and abiding desire to one’s mind. research has been that the bottom line has been make a positive difference in their communities Although one may read this article and pre- replaced by the balance sheet. What this means and a sincere ambition to help people. Because sume that I am somehow stating that police is that the profits of business are no longer of of their noble motives, the people of this coun- organizations are not ethically healthy, that is singular importance. That critical number has try receive high quality, dedicated law enforce- simply not the case. been replaced by an assurance to consumers as ment and investigative excellence. It is not an Noted ethicist, Michael Josephson stated, to how the bottom line was arrived at. overstatement to say that Canadian police serv- “You don’t have to be sick to get better.” It is becoming more and more important in ices are the envy of the world. Nothing could be more accurate – especially of the truly exceptional police services. The goal is not curing a problem – the goal is achiev- ing excellence in ethics. Wasylyshen to head Edmonton force Police organizations can do even better than After serving as the acting Former chief John Lindsay they are now doing. They can move forward chief of police in Edmonton for resigned after a six-member team even further than they have already and, in the nine months, Bob Wasylyshen of RCMP investigators exoner- process, improve the quality of life for every- was officially named in Septem- ated him of mishandling allegations one even remotely connected to the profession. ber as the force’s top cop. that some members of the police Wasylyshen had been the act- service had ties with biker gangs. Magna Carta Training Inc., founded by Bob ing chief since January when John The investigators found the Fitches and Tony Turner, is an organization Lindsay resigned. complaints, made by two detec- that is dedicated to providing police service The new chief has promised Police Chief tives, were either unfounded or boards, police leaders, police officers and to focus on criminal gangs in the Bob Wasylyshen unsubstantiated. civilian employees at all levels with the in- city. He said the force is working Lindsay took a buyout pack- formation and tools they require to ensure a to control gang activity and their long term age from the police service and is acting as a level of ethical excellence in their organiza- goal is to reduce it. paid consultant until June 2001. tions.

November 2000 16 Blue Line Magazine Get the home ice advantage While it’s not hockey we are talking about, you cannot afford to waste time with paper- XHE the idea is still the same. When the job just has work. CasePrep was designed from a police to get done, who better to do it than the people perspective and you will be amazed at just how #1, 5510-3rd. St. S.E. / Calgary, AB T2H-1J9 who know best? fast your work now gets done. That’s exactly what two police officers have If you have a suggestion to improve the *ALL WEATHER OUTDOOR done to solve today’s problems with court docu- product just send an e-mail. If it’s a good idea, ments and other paperwork. then expect it to appear as an immediate and TECHNICAL CLOTHING As of September, John Bradley teamed up available improvement to the program. CUSTOM DESIGNED TO with fellow officer and friend, Leon Presner. With Advantage Internet Software Solu- With over 22 years of combined policing expe- tions, there is no red tape. You won’t be wait- MEET YOUR SPECIFIC NEEDS rience and years of developing custom software, ing for months or years for a solution to a prob- AND DESIRES!* database and website solutions, John and Leon lem that should have been fixed long ago. now have an arsenal to solve many of today’s They can also develop corporate websites *SERVING THE INDUSTRY problems with policing. The name of their com- or intranets for your police service, thereby al- SINCE 1991* pany is Advantage Internet Software Solutions. lowing you to effortlessly share information. One of their top priorities was to carry the As an Internet service provider, Advantage In- *100% DELIVERY GUARANTEE* CasePrep product line to a whole new level by ternet Software Solutions can also provide *BUILT FOR THE BEST... BY THE January 2001. Far ahead of current government website hosting, e-mail, dedicated ISDN lines, BEST!* initiatives to bring relief to the paperwork po- dedicated servers and unlimited dial-up. lice officers face today, CasePrep is gearing to Best of all, you can expect top quality in *MUNICIPAL POLICE * SECURITY * become Canada’s very first “on-line” courts their work for thousands less than what your documents software solution. service is probably willing to spend elsewhere. *R.C.M.P. * BIKE PATROL UNITS* No matter where you are in Canada, if you John and Leon are also consultants and can be can access the Internet, then you’ll have access recruited for assistance with any development to the hottest new “time saving product” on projects you may already have underway. the market. The expected launch date has been See their ad in this issue, or visit their set for New Year’s Day. websites at www.advantageinternet.ws or 1-800-214-6861 If you’re a patrol officer or an investigator, www.caseprep.com.

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November 2000 17 Blue Line Magazine Should I diet, exercise or weight train? by Michael Cathcart (calories) that is stored rather than Can I lose weight by used. One gram of fat contains nine making changes in my If you walk into any book- calories, and a gram of protein or diet alone? store you will find an entire sec- carbohydrate contains four. Yes. Mark Kantor, Ph.D., as- tion on dieting. sociate professor of nutrition and Take a trip to your local phar- If protein and food science at the University of macy or health food store and gaze carbohydrates are Maryland says you can. at the multitude of weight-loss lower in calories, should Here are some of his findings. fads. There’s Sugar Dusters - Cut I cut those fats and It takes 3,500 calories to make a sugar to trim fat. The Grapefruit make up the difference pound of fat. If you delete 230 calo- Diet, Fit America, Eat Right 4 Your in protein and carbs? ries a day, you will lose nearly two Type and on and on. Would you Not a good idea. If you ate pounds a month. As an example, cut not think that if a specific diet 5,000 calories of non-fat protein, out that handful of potato chips worked, it would be the only prod- you would still store excess fat every evening or that can of pop. uct on the shelf? simply because you would be eat- Take a sandwich as another The multi-billion dollar weight- ing more calories than your body example. Instead of a tablespoon loss industry relies on two main can burn. of mayonnaise (57 calories), re- principles to maintain its success: Which do you think will make place it with a tablespoon of mus- your lack of dieting knowledge and you fatter, 500 extra calories of ice tard (11 calories) and save 46 calo- their ability to constantly achieve cream or 500 extra calories of a fat- ries per sandwich. the goal of making you thinner - in free dietary product? Snackwell’s your wallet. cookies, for example? What if I just exercise Like many other ventures in Any overabundance of any and skip the diet? food (any food) will cause weight Exercise will burn calories. The life, education is the key to plot- EXERCISE: Cardiovascular ting success. gain. It is that simple. If you ingest theory is simple. Burn more calo- more calories from any source, than ries than you consume and you will training helps reduce weight. What is body fat? you burn, the excess will be stored lose weight. If you work off 3,500 Body fats, are merely energy as fat. more calories than your body ab- How does weight sorbs, you will lose one pound. training burn calories? Dixie Stanforth of the depart- In 1990, exercise physiologist ment of kinesiology at the Univer- William Kraemer, Ph.D., con- sity of Texas found the following. ducted a study to investigate this The greatest weight-loss benefits phenomenon. Ten repetition sets come from training longer, harder with short rest periods produce or both. increases in growth hormone. It is naturally easier to eat 1,000 Growth hormone plays an essen- calories, than it is to burn them. Ap- tial role in muscle development. proximately 50 per cent of people Kraemer found that when we who start an exercise program aban- gain weight as adults, we do not don it within six months. develop new fat cells: the ones we have always had just become big- Should I focus on ger. During exercise, growth hor- Developers of custom software solutions aerobic training to burn mones take fat out of those cells for law enforcement calories, instead of and makes your body use it as a weight training? source of energy. ( visit: www.caseprep.com ) Weight training burns some “We can develop solutions for almost anything.” calories, but the real benefits come So which is it, later. 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November 2000 18 Blue Line Magazine Ecstasy seizures on the rise: expert UN says Canada needs better controls

By mid-August police seizures of the drug Ecstasy is a mood-enhanc- of a law, they are not in a posi- ecstasy had almost doubled compared to the ing drug that is believed to work tion to know this data,” entire haul for 1999, the RCMP reported. by stimulating the release of a Ehrenfeldner was quoted as say- Leo Vaillant, the RCMP’s head analyst on chemical called serotonin, which ing. “They are certainly one of drug-related issues, said police across Canada controls mood. the few developed countries have seized 712,000 tablets of the drug so far The increase in ecstasy use causing us concern. this year, with a street value of between $17.8 comes at a time when literature “The European countries, million and $28.5 million. regarding its long-term effects, for several years now, have es- Throughout 1999 officers confiscated including chronic depression tablished precursor control leg- 360,000 tablets worth between $9 million and and damage to memory and cog- islation and it seems to have $14.4 million. nitive functions, are becoming worked very well. Even devel- The increase in the number of seizures indi- available. oping countries like China and India have made cates that the raver’s drug of choice is gaining Meanwhile, the United Nations’ Interna- strong improvements (in) their precursor con- popularity across demographic lines. tional Narcotic Control Board recently chas- trols (but) Canada has only recently informed The seizures also indicated police are get- tised Canada for failing to adequately monitor us that a regulatory framework for precursors ting better at investigating ecstasy operations, chemicals used to produce narcotics like ecstasy is under way.” Vaillant said. and speed. More than half of the 22 chemicals listed Det. Randy Smith of the Toronto Police Canada is one of the few developed coun- under the UN convention can be obtained at Service’s major drug unit said ecstasy is gaining tries without legislation controlling the use of hardware and drug stores in Canada. It would acceptance in groups including senior citizens precursor chemicals used in the manufacture of be almost impossible to track the chemicals in and adult professionals. illegal drugs. small amounts. The increasing demand for the drug has Despite signing a UN convention in 1998, A number of countries have reporting sys- changed the manner in which it’s supplied. which requires detailed annual reports, Canada tems requiring manufacturers and retailers to Where European-based rings used to ship the has continually failed to provide adequate in- notify authorities when large quantities are sold drug to Canada, there is now a growing number formation on the movement of precursor chemi- to unknown or suspicious companies or indi- of domestic labs that have been established. cals to and from the country, said Margaret viduals. While there are no estimates as to the Ehrenfeldner, a drug control officer for the nar- Health Canada spokeswoman Roslyn number of drug labs, Smith said there doesn’t cotic control board. Tremblay said creating regulations to deal with seem to be a shortage. “We are fearing that because of an absence precursors is on the agenda.

November 2000 19 Blue Line Magazine Female officers receive policing awards

Women police officers from around the He swam out to get his world were honoured in September by an inter- daughter, thinking his national law enforcement association. wife could swim to shore A dozen officers, six of them Canadian, re- by herself. The next cries ceived awards from the International Associa- were from his son who tion of Women Police during their annual con- said, “Mom is drown- ference held in Toronto. ing.” The officers who were honoured include: John went out to find her, but couldn’t. Cst. Eleanor (Ellie) Van Vliet Helene heard the cries Halton Regional Police Service, Ontario and also dove into the Community Service Award water to search for Sonia, Van Vliet became the city of Toronto’s first but she couldn’t locate female police cadet in 1963. She left policing her either. Helen, dove in after meeting her husband and having two chil- again, this time finding the dren. She resumed her career with the Halton limp body of Sonia. She Regional Police Service in 1986, as the oldest quickly brought her to the recruit to graduate from the Ontario Police Col- surface and performed lege. CPR while the family Van Vliet is the kind of police officer peo- looked on. ple want on scene when problems arise. She Finally there was a works in a very difficult, diverse area made up pulse and Sonia was of merchants, seniors, children, teenagers, and transported to a hospital. people with special needs. Helene found someone to When she needed a new office, the de- care for the two small chil- partment couldn’t afford it, so the commu- dren and drove John and nity came forward and donated the hours and Sean to the hospital. material. Sonia spent two She has been described as the community’s weeks in a coma. Miracu- friend. She continues to find new avenues, ap- lously she has regained proaches and programs that will work to make full function, with no her community a better place. She involves the brain damage. members of that community, other officers’ fami- Cardinale’s action lies and sometimes even uses her own money if was an unselfish display HONOURED: Halton Regional Police Cst. Ellie Van Vliet funds are not readily available. of heroism. She never receives the community service award from the IAWP. Van Vliet has devoted a tremendous amount thought about any danger of her own time to the Ontario Special Olym- to herself, but instead re- pics. She is a member of the Rape Crises Cen- sponded to the frantic cries for help. Cst. Laurie White tre, is involved with the Santa Claus Parade and Royal Canadian Mounted Police the School Breakfast Club. Det. Carolyn Matthews Kitimat Detachment, British Columbia Van Vliet is involved with many programs, York Regional Police, Ontario Medal Of Valor but the majority of letters she has received are Medal Of Valor White and two other RCMP true handwritten testimonials from kids thank- During her early morning pa- officers were attempting to ing her for her work in making their teams pos- trol, Matthews responded to a execute a search warrant, sible. People feel safe because she is in their fire at a home. The fire quickly when she was shot by a high community. spread to an adjoining resi- power rifle. She never saw the One senior wrote, “I can sleep because I dence. gunman since the shot came feel safe.” The residents of the first through the door of the resi- house were outside and all safe, dence. This in itself is an hon- Agent Helene Cardinale but the residents of the other ourable Medal of Valor, but Surete de Quebec house were not to be found. They were be- her heroism goes on. Medal Of Valor lieved to be asleep inside. Despite nearly eight hours of surgery, the Cardinale went on a long Matthews ran to the front door, but re- doctors were forced to amputate White’s right deserved vacation to get ceived no response. She stood on the top of a leg below the knee. The job she had loved and away from police work and car to reach the bedroom windows and woke dreamed about would now be impossible to relax. While staying at a the residents by banging on the windows. perform. Well, no one told White this - she still campground in upper New Matthews then entered the smoke-filled had dreams. York she met a lovely fam- house where she was met by a male who was There were many hours of conditioning and ily: John, the devoted fa- getting out. The smoke was making it harder to the proper fitting of prosthesis - then more sur- ther, Sonia, a caring mother, breathe and the flames were engulfing the house. gery and conditioning. There were many at- and their children Sean, 3, Kayla, 5, and The female resident was still inside searching tempts and many failures. Caralyse, 3. They hiked, talked and shared a for her cats. She had to be forcibly removed by White needed to pass the physical test be- few meals. the detective. fore she was able to go back to work. She put One day, Helene was sitting around watch- Fire investigators remarked on the speed at enormous pressure on herself to exceed expec- ing her new friends swim. Sonia was swimming which the fire advanced, but because of tations. Her self-confidence would suffer as she with her three-year-old daughter Caralyse. John Matthews’ quick and unselfish action, the worked through the disappointments and pain. noticed his wife under water with her hand up. woman survived. She repeatedly heard that she would not be

November 2000 20 Blue Line Magazine able to return to work, but finally passed her waitress to protect pick pocket victims and rode physical test and was granted permission to her bike to get it stolen many times. return to policing. Moody has demonstrated excellence in per- As a member of the Royal Canadian formance through her outstanding investigative Mounted Police, White has upheld the true tra- experiences, dedication, innovative street skills ditions of the force. She is an average Canadian and expertise over an extremely significant pe- who has not allowed herself to be a victim. In- riod of time. She has provided training and has stead she has faced adversity, turned something established an outstanding policing reputation. negative into a positive and become an inspira- Other award recipients included Lt. tion to others. Michele Lish, of Portland, Oregon, who was given the officer of the year award. The lead- Sgt. Glenda Shields ership award was given to Chief Jeanne Miller, Peel Regional Police, Ontario of Reynoldsburg, Ohio. Lt. Mary Stowe, a Mentoring Award retired officer from the Seattle Police Depart- Shields has been with Peel ment was honoured with the Dr. Lois Higgins- Regional Police since 1980. Grote Heritage Award. Medals of valor were Her work in the Peel Regional awarded to Cst. Sharnelle Patricia Cole of Aus- Police mentoring program tralia’s Queensland Police Service, Federal earned her the 2000 IAWP Agent Sharon McCarthy of the Australian Mentoring Award. Shields had Federal Police and Officer Peggy Sullivan of the foresight to know that a Fairbanks, Alaska. department of Peel’s calibre had to find a way to be available to its officers The IAWP was first organized as the Inter- and families in stress related situations. national Policewomen’s Association in Glenda gathered information and wrote a 1915. The IAWP annual training conferences proposal in 1993 to achieve this goal. Out of all have become forums for research conducted her work came the Peer Support Team. by universities and professional organiza- Glenda’s program has developed into a team tions. The seminars have also attracted ex- of 45 volunteers who have been trained to give perts in diverse fields of criminal justice support in critical incidents, from support of who share their views and disseminate im- family problems to critical incidents including portant information to the members. For the death of an officer. Shields has expanded the information on the IAWP, their conferences program to reach out to fire departments and and awards, visit www.iawp.org. rescue teams. In 1998, the Occupational Health and Safety Agency of Health Canada approached her to be the on-site peer support for the Swiss Air crash. Not only was her work valuable to the rescuers, but it also reached out to the citizens of the Nova Scotia community who saw the devastation.

Insp. Donna Moody Niagara Regional Police Service, Ontario Excellence In Performance Award Moody has been with the Niagara Regional Police since 1973. Her work as an undercover agent and inves- tigative expertise has earned her the 2000 IAWP Excel- lence in Performance Award. Moody’s work in the investigation of illegal drug activity began early in her career. She realized that not only was her department filled with talented people but so were other jurisdictions. She sought them out and her ability to co-ordinate all this talent has been successful. Moody has not limited herself to the inves- tigation of drug activity. She went undercover as a decoy in the world of prostitution. Through her innovation and street skills, she was able to shut down and level major new criminal charges against a large prostitution organization. She didn’t limit herself to her own commu- nity or province. She moved on to be involved in wire-tapping and undercover work in a joint operation with Canada and the United States. Moody has set up cocaine purchases in a penthouse apartment, lived as an outlaw mo- torcycle gang member, disguised herself as a

November 2000 21 Blue Line Magazine Honouring Canadian peacekeepers Police among first recipients to receive Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal by Heather Hamilton served at least 30 days abroad in interna- tional peacekeeping or observer missions. Canadians have been celebrated world- Another 125,000 medals will be presented wide for their contributions to international across the country during ceremonies which peacekeeping and peace building. But no- began in October. It is anticipated up to 1,200 where does the appreciation mean more than serving and retired police officers will re- at home. ceive the medal which will also be bestowed Ten Canadian police officers were among to peacekeepers who serve on similar mis- a select group of soldiers, civilians and dip- sions in the future. lomats to receive the Canadian Peacekeep- “The number alone tells a story,” Gov- ing Service medal at the Peacekeeping Me- ernor General Adrienne Clarkson said be- morial in Ottawa on Sept. 6. It was the first fore an audience gathered at the inaugural time the federal government has paid tribute ceremony. “A story of the willingness of a to its peacekeepers on Canadian soil. country and its citizens to participate in a The recognition was particularly re- meaningful and difficult task. Wars are a part warding for the 90 recipients — represent- of our bitter eternity, but peace is the result ing a cross section of ethnic backgrounds, of continued and dogged vigilance.” regions, generations and ranks — who were In the past 53 years, Canadians have the first to receive the honour before family Photo: Dave Henderson supplied a wealth of compassion and exper- members and friends. tise to some of the world’s hot spots — a Cpl. Jennifer Strachan of the Royal Ca- record unsurpassed by any other nation. nadian Mounted Police says her family Police officers have played a role in more AWARDED: RCMP Supt. Claude Thériault than 25 operations worldwide since 100 missed out on seeing her awarded a UN peace- (ret.) receives his service medal from Clarkson. keeping medal which was handed out over- RCMP officers were first deployed to Na- seas. Strachan said she was honoured to rep- mibia in 1989. resent so many other RCMP and Canadian po- often the only news we receive is of a negative Since then the RCMP has provided ap- lice officers whose daily efforts in other parts nature. This medal is a symbol of recognition of proximately 45 per cent of the police officers of the world often go unnoticed. the many positive and caring efforts that Cana- sent on UN missions. The remaining 55 per “Everyday another Canadian peacekeeper dians are achieving.” cent are made up of municipal and provincial completes a humanitarian effort in theatre,” says The idea for the medal was first inspired by police partners and retired peace officers. Strachan, who served on a UN mission to Haiti the creation of the 1988 Nobel Peace Prize There are currently more than 150 Cana- in 1996. “Unfortunately, the general public awarded to all peacekeepers. The new service dian police officers, representing 28 police de- never hears about these extra efforts and too medal honours Canadian peacekeepers who have partments, serving on UN missions to Kosovo, Bosnia, Guatemala, East-Timor and Haiti. Chief Superintendent Peter Miller, Officer in Charge of the RCMP’s International Training and Peacekeeping Branch, says the RCMP and The Canadian Peacekeeping Service Medal its municipal and provincial partners can be proud of the contributions they have made to peace- The Canadian rounded by two sprigs keeping around the world in the past 10 years. Peacekeeping Service of laurel and the word “The demand for Canadian police expertise Medal features the Canada. The medal’s in peacekeeping and peace support operations is three Canadian ribbon consists of high and constantly growing. Canadian police Peacekeeper figures four colours: green, are respected internationally because of their that top the Peace- red, white and blue. personal qualities, their professional expertise keeping Monument The green repre- and their community policing background.” in Ottawa. sents volunteerism; Staff Sgt. Bertrand Hudon of the RCMP One is an un- the red and white are agrees Canadian police have an important and armed United Na- the colours of Cana- unique role to play overseas. tions Military Ob- da’s flag; while the “I feel that police officers often have a server, holding a pair white and blue rep- chance to play a more humanitarian role than of binoculars. A sec- resent the colour of military personnel, mostly because of the na- ond soldier, a the United Nations’ ture of our role in society. We are generally woman, shoulders a flag. The red and known as social workers, and problem solv- radio and the third white carry addi- ers,” he says. stands guard with a tional meaning. rifle. White is associated Heather Hamilton is a writer with the Above them flies with purity, and Royal Canadian Mounted Police National a dove, the international symbol of peace. peacekeeping is one of mankind’s highest Communication Branch in Ottawa. To find The medal bears the inscriptions Peacekeep- ideals. Red is symbolic of the blood shed out if your name is on the list of recipi- ing and Service de la Paix, together with two by over 100 Canadian peacekeepers who ents to receive the Canadian Peacekeep- maple leafs. have fallen in service to their country while ing Service Medal, please contact the Ad- The reverse side shows the cypher of on peacekeeping and observer missions. ministration Office of International Train- Her Majesty the Queen on a maple leaf sur- (Source: Government House) ing and Peacekeeping at (613) 993-4915.

November 2000 22 Blue Line Magazine It’s always okay to ask for help by Les Linder In an attempt to educate officers and fami- Both Selig and Schaer believe the pressure lies about the program, the Toronto Po- to be macho and refuse help for job Police officers face numerous hardships that lice Association has placed ads in their related stress and trauma is gone go beyond dealing with violent criminals, nu- magazine each month. Schaer also for the most part. merous offences and tense life-or-death deci- mentioned that brochures and pam- “The attitude still exists but sions; they also have to deal with the psycho- phlets are handed out to serve as to a very small extent,” Selig logical impact and trauma inflicted upon them- additional reminders and that said. “Education has helped to selves which results from doing their job. plans are in place to establish a push that false notion out of For about 15 years now in many police serv- website. people’s thoughts and that it ices across the country, help has slowly - yet “The program is all about is okay to feel bad or cry be- steadily - been made available to help deal with helping to keep officers healthy cause of a traumatic event.” this trauma through the Employee Assistance Pro- and on the job,” he said. “We Much like Halifax’s EAP, gram (EAP). When Blue Line Magazine published wanted to find a way to ensure of- Calgary also believes a good pro- a story in 1996 about EAP’s, it was all too evident ficers don’t burn out and retire early. gram is dependent on the peo- that while many police services had a program in A good program is the solution to ple who provide aid. However, place, many officers had no idea it existed. that.” in Calgary, there is more of an em- Since then, strides have been made in many Halifax’s program, while simi- phasis on having therapists with good police forces to promote EAP’s and ensure all lar to Toronto’s, aids their employ- clinical skills. officers know help is there for them. ees and families somewhat differently. Dr. Adriana Celcer, chief psycholo- While the promotion of the program has Glen Selig, EFAP co-ordinator for Halifax gist and manager of the EAP Plus for the since progressed, police services have now been Regional Police, believes the most important Calgary Police Service, says a good under- focusing on enhancing their program to provide aspect of any such program are the individuals standing of the clients they are dealing with a more rounded service. Each police force has a who work for it. is important. somewhat different approach in how the pro- “What we find really important is having “From my experience, the needs of a police gram is delivered and one cannot say which style people who are dedicated and compassionate officer differ greatly from that of any other per- is better, as they all provide successful aid to individuals,” Selig said. “Our people volunteer son or group,” Celcer said. their staff. their own time and money because they are “It takes a lot of knowledge to understand Jaan Schaer, manager of the Employee and genuinely concerned for their fellow employ- their needs, as well as how (the) police culture Family Assistance Program (EFAP) for the ees and that has generated a great response.” operates. You need to be aware of various Toronto Police Service, believes that while hav- The 30 volunteers who work with the EFAP boundaries and be able to stay out of invading ing confidentiality in an EAP is critical for a provide support and referrals, but not counsel- your clients’ rights and protect them at the same good program, having the trust of the people ling. All volunteers are trained in critical inci- time.” who need the program is even more important. dent stress management, suicide intervention, Celcer pointed out that it takes a therapist “The program has to be seen by the mem- bereavement and addictions. with good clinical skills to meet the demanding bers as ‘our EFAP,’” Schaer said. “It has to be “Many times, just being able to confide in needs of a police officer. seen independent of the (police) organization someone and knowing it is confidential and be- The Calgary EAP Plus program, also pro- and as a neutral entity that is run equally by all ing non-judgemental is all that is required to vides addictions counselling and peer support the stakeholders to ensure the program and its help a person,” Selig said. “If professional help to all of the city’s police officers and approxi- components are effective in providing the nec- is needed though, we will make the referral.” mately 600 civilians. essary services to members and families.” Ensuring that the program is a joint effort Celcer said she is pleased that in-house sur- Toronto’s 15-year-old EFAP provides as- between union and management is also impor- veys showed most Calgary officers were aware sessment and referrals to community resources, tant, Selig says. However, he added that the of the EAP program and would be willing to such as Alcoholics Anonymous. A referral agent program must be independent of either one in use it should they require assistance. program also allows members within the police order to build trust with the officers and fami- “There’s a lot of satisfaction in doing this service to listen to whatever issues other mem- lies who utilize the services. kind of work,” Celcer said. “A good EAP is bers might be facing at any hour of day. A criti- Selig says the Halifax program has been pro- made by the people who work in it and aside cal incident response team is also available on a moted through word-of-mouth and it has enjoyed from having good clinical skills, it is very im- 24-hour basis if officers are involved in shoot- success because everyone within the service is portant to have people who love the work and ings or fatalities. close and knows each other well. want to help people.”

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November 2000 23 Blue Line Magazine Symposium brings questioning of youth to forefront by Heather Hamilton

In the moments following an inquest last April into 10-year-old Myles Neuts’ death, Chatham-Kent Police Chief John Kopinak feared investigators had reached a dead end. Although he arrived in the Ontario commu- nity six months following the tragedy, Kopinak felt the far reaching impact of the fifth grader’s death long before he reached the Neuts’ front doorstep and was welcomed inside. The incon- clusive outcome of the case raised questions that neither the chief, nor the boy’s grieving family would easily forget. “I don’t think I could have faced the Neuts family and told them I’ve run into a dead end. So I told them, I’ve run into a dead end but I’m going to take the initiative,” Kopinak revealed during an interview at a youth symposium held last August in Myles’ memory. Fuelled by Mike and Brenda Neuts’ desire for harmony in the community, the Chatham- Kent Police Service refused to sit back and wait for bureaucrats to act. Instead, they decided to respond immediately to a jury’s recommenda- tions for enhanced police training in the area of interviewing youth suspects, and to seek answers they hoped would assist other police agencies when youth violence knocked at their door. Their first efforts were greeted by thunder- ous applause at the closure of a three-day Sym- posium on Profiling and Interviewing of Young INQUEST SUBJECT: Myles Neuts, 10, will be remembered as an academic bookworm. People in August held in Chatham. For the first time, police had examined a topic that until now has been noticeably absent from their training While Dan Korem, symposium guest It is Mr. Neuts’ theory that Myles’ death — how do police best extract the truth from speaker and expert in U.S. school shootings was the result of an innocent $10 bet over a children under 12 suspected of a crime? anticipates Canada will experience more ran- colouring contest — and that he was placed on The symposium also raised questions on dom acts of violence, he remains optimistic and the hook by the eldest of the two boys who how police and professionals who interact daily says there is little reason to believe Canada will reported finding him in the washroom. with children, can profile potential at risk-youth, not “harken to the call far more readily than the The eldest boy had allegedly told his friend and develop preventive measures to avoid future United States.” In light of the Chatham-Kent he would take care of the debt for him. The fact tragedy. But more importantly it opened discus- Police Service’s first attempts to provoke dis- the students, ages 11 and 12, failed to alert sions long overdue about how society as a whole cussion on the topic, Korem says he is now far teachers to the emergency but invited a third can better care for children, and accept the darker more hopeful for Canada. student to watch the tragedy as it unfolded only truth that no matter how young or innocent their The terror and uncertainty in the eyes of heightened suspicions. faces, children are capable of atrocities beyond some children, is far removed from the words Teachers and ambulance crew worked to adult comprehension — even murder. of peace that Myles Neuts penned in a poem revive the youth, but he had already sustained Despite indications by Statistics Canada months before his body was found hanging by severe brain damage. He was later removed from that youth crime is on the decline — charges his shirt from a hook in a washroom stall at St. life support at London’s Health Science Centre against youth ages 12 to 17 dropped by seven Agnes Elementary School during lunch hour. on Feb. 12, 1998 . per cent last year — Kopinak says the increas- Described by his mother as an “academic Following an exhaustive police investiga- ingly violent nature of youth crimes is cause for bookworm,” Myles loved reading and his par- tion, and a review of the evidence by two former concern. ents would often discover him with five books officers from the Toronto Police Service, the “The issue and training need goes well be- on the go at one time. His love for literature police determined no criminal charges would be yond police service personnel,” he insists. might best explain his hopes of one day becom- laid and the cause of death would be reviewed The Youth Criminal Justice Act, anticipated ing editor of his school newspaper and the pride by a coroner’s inquest. It was then that to replace the Young Offenders Act next year, he took in his proofreading duties. Kopinak’s 204 member force fell under attack. aims to crack down on young persons accused “He was just a boy who loved the outdoors In more than 30 hours of videotape shown of serious offences such as aggravated and sexual and loved his dog,” says his father, treasuring to the jury less than three hours depicted police assault, attempted murder and homicide, by the simple yet endearing qualities of innocence. repeatedly using bullying, inducement and co- lowering the age youth can be prosecuted as On Friday 6, 1998, a female classmate testified ercion to obtain statements from the two adults from age 16 to 14. that she saw a very different Myles — pale, youths. The interviews at times reduced the While no single method can predict a child’s shaken and huddled on the washroom floor as boys to tears. Although the boys’ contradic- likeliness to offend, Leena Augimer of the Un- she passed by the doorway. Myles pushed the tory statements raised a red flag to the jury, der 12 Outreach Project at the Earlscourt Child girl away with his words. members were instructed to disregard the evi- and Family Centre in Toronto, says factors such “He was perhaps in too much pain to run dence. as peer rejection, low empathy, a lack of paren- away or hoping to resolve the conflict through The five-member jury ruled out “suicide” tal monitoring, family violence, learning disabili- talking,” his father, appearing as his own coun- or “accidental” death and concluded an “unde- ties and lack of involvement in activities can sel, told the five member jury during the 22-day termined” cause of death had occurred. Among trigger problems. inquest into his son’s death. their 24 recommendations was the recognition

November 2000 24 Blue Line Magazine of the need for enhanced po- at the London Family Court lice training in the area of in- Clinic. “Children will rarely ask terviewing young children as you to explain the part of a suspects. Kopinak does not question they don’t under- deny that aggression used dur- stand.” ing the questioning concerned Research shows children him, but he fiercely defends will talk openly with adults his officers and calls the alle- who listen, appear non-judg- gations an unfair and unbal- mental, use child appropriate anced attack against the legal language, suggest topics for dis- community. cussion and allow the child to “It was a necessary inves- take the lead. First impressions tigative stage following current are paramount to building police training techniques,” he trust. says. “The moment you start In light of the information questioning their friendships is presented by experts at the the moment you start losing symposium, he remains con- faith in their eyes,” says Dr. Alan fident his officers acted in a Leschied, who belongs to the professional manner and fol- Faculty of Education at the Uni- lowed proper procedure. The Chief John Kopinak versity of Western Ontario. “In criticisms stem from a void in most cases you never have a police training that extends to the wider police second chance to make a first impression,” agrees community, he says. Cst Joe Oliver of the Saint John Police Force. Kopinak’s calls to the Ontario Police Col- “With children this can be crucial in an interview lege in Alymer, the Canadian Police College in setting, as after the mistake has been made you Ottawa and the Federal Bureau of Investigation may never be able to open the lines of communi- in Quantico, Va. confirmed there is little exper- cation with this youth. The opportunity is lost tise available today on the subject. at this point, which is why there is a great need “There is training available in the inter- for this training.” viewing of children as witnesses, or as vic- An inter-agency approach must also play a tims in sexual abuse incidents, but nowhere part, according to retired British Supt. Albert does the training cross over into the inter- Kirby. viewing of children as young suspects,” ex- Kirby was the lead homicide investigator in plains the chief. the James Bulger case which heightened the “This training just doesn’t exist anywhere,” continued page 26 confirms conference co-ordinator Dave Wood, who began receiving calls about the symposium within hours of advertising the event. The 200 vacancies were booked more than a month in advance and produced an extensive waiting list. It not only struck an appeal with municipal, provincial police and a representative from the RCMP’s National Youth Strategy Com- mittee, but teachers, social workers, child psy- chologists and probation officers eagerly signed up. “The need is enormous,” says Supervisory Special Agent Terry Royster, head of the FBI’s Behavioural Sciences Unit. Royster plans to use information and con- tacts from the symposium to develop a training program at the academy. “We [the United States and the FBI] have focused on adults and really have very few ex- perts in interviewing juveniles,” he said. “Most of the police I come into contact with believe you can interview a juvenile like one does an adult and this is so wrong.” Queen’s University Faculty of Law Pro- fessor Nick Bala, says police are more likely to obtain a statement from a child suspect through inducements or threats. “But the more likely it is that statement will be unreliable or inadmissible in court,” he adds. Provoking an answer can result in children creating a false memory that they then come to believe is true, explains Bala. Children can also be influenced by their loyalty to an adult or peers, and their need to please the interviewer. Language is another barrier to obtaining the truth. “Never assume the message given was the message received,” says Pam Hurley, a clinician

November 2000 25 Blue Line Magazine debate over children accused of serious offences ized training could be developed and how na- being tried as adults. “If we can do anything tional attention can be brought to the issue. The two-year-old was found bludgeoned “We have to review our ability to interact to death near a set of railway tracks near Liver- not to traumatize a child with youth and recognize a new generation with pool in 1993. Two boys, age 10 and 11, were whether they are a child a different threshold of younger criminal mo- convicted in an adult court of the murder after suspect, a victim or tive is upon us,” believes Kopinak. the discovery of videotape footage that cap- witness - let’s do it.” Talks have already begin with the Ontario tured the boys abducting the toddler from a Police College about implementing new train- shopping mall. ing into their curriculum and organizers are hop- Kirby credits the co-operation between agen- “If you cannot go away from the atrocities that ing the Canadian Police College will also em- cies and more than 150 investigators in the case happened here and build on it, then God help brace the concept. with its successful outcome. Although police us all.” Sgt. Lou Morissette of the Canadian Police were aided by technology and a final confes- Canadian participants believe that inter- College says their consideration “depends on sion from one of the boys, the case was unprec- agency co-operation is the only future solution what nature the training takes on,” but agrees edented in British law and protecting the chil- to providing earlier intervention that can assist “there is a definite need out there.” dren’s rights was paramount. children with the treatment and help they need. All that may be too little too late for Mike Two teams consisting of two police inter- While Mike and Brenda Neuts believe their and Brenda Neuts’ son but the parents say the viewers, lawyers and the boy’s parents were son was somehow lost in the midst of a painful positivity that has sprung from their tragedy present during questioning. Kirby shared his inquest that centered on police conduct, the has rebuilt their faith in people. They find cour- interviewing techniques with participants be- symposium has been a revival of his spirit. If it age by holding on to one another and their son fore a closed session to the press. does nothing else, they hope it will encourage Dane, now age 8. He did comment that while the case emo- others to care for children. “We rehash it every day. It’s not something tionally destroyed many investigators who “If we can do anything not to traumatize a that will ever go away,” Mr. Neuts says. worked on the case, it made them better peo- child whether they are a child suspect, a victim ple. or witness — let’s do it,” says Mr. Neuts. “If After years of watching criminals milk so- we can do something good in the world — let’s Heather Hamilton is a writer with the ciety for all it’s worth, Kirby says he believed do good for children. Not only our own chil- Royal Canadian Mounted Police National things would never improve. Ironically, his mind dren but all children.” Communication Branch in Ottawa. For changed following the horrific details of James There is a long way to go to giving children more information on the Chatham Sym- Bulger’s murder. what they need but Kopinak says he is com- posium please contact Dave Wood, pro- “You have to start at the bottom of the mitted to finding the additional tools and re- gram co-ordinator at (519) 352-1901 or spectrum with children to save and prevent the sources to aid in the fight. This means examin- via e-mail at [email protected]. atrocities police deal with every day,” he says. ing who will fund the initiative, how standard-

1999 Police Leadership Nominee Cadet program created by RCMP officer

Cst. Rick Sanderson, of educational staff at the local in community programs such as creating a com- the James Smith First Nations, school. Through his daily con- munity garden and cleaning of community gath- is a 12-year member of the tact with the young people ering areas. They participate in work experi- Royal Canadian Mounted Po- Sanderson found there was a ence programs, athletic activities and educational lice. His postings in Saskatch- need to provide the youth with programs. ewan have included North an activity in which they could The program enjoys such a great success that Battleford, Sandy Bay and In- participate, set goals and strive the local school has offered a half credit for those dian Head, as part of the First to achieve them. There needed youth that are involved in the cadet core. Some Nation Policing Unit at Carry to be an activity where disci- crimes have decrease by more than 50 per cent in the Kettle First Nations. pline, respect and achieving the community since the program was launched. While stationed at Indian goals were the major objectives, Elders and parents support and take an ac- Head detachment, Sanderson while ensuring the program was tive role in the delivery of the cadet program, had the responsibility for the fun and entertaining. The pro- which helps to open new lines of communica- delivery of policing services gram would instill self-esteem tion. The true winners are the youth of the com- at Carry the Kettle First Na- and self-worth and prepare munity who are developing new skills and ex- tions, which is located 30 km Cst. Rick Sanderson young people for the difficult panding old ones to meet their needs and achieve south of Indian Head, Sask. choices of adulthood. their goals. This First Nation is not unlike any other First Under Cst. Sanderson’s leadership the Sanderson is currently working on devel- Nations struggling with high unemployment, synergy of the entire community was put into oping and implementing the cadet program crime and a lack of youth programs. motion in the creation of the Carry the Kettle throughout Saskatchewan. Through his hard Sanderson realized that there was a need to First Nation Cadet Program. work and effort, Sanderson is truly making a establish some type of program or initiative to The cadet program is founded on four key difference in the lives of young people and com- address the inactivity and boredom of young areas; munities across the province. people on the reserve. The officer knew that • Physical fitness, through sports and drill. the youth of the community had little to keep • Social awareness, through group and commu- them occupied. They were constantly walking nity programs. Cst. Rick Sanderson was nominated for around late at night and hanging out with nega- • Spiritual contact, through the involvement of the 2000 Police Leadership Award. To tive peers looking for something to do. In some elders. learn more about the Police Leadership cases they resorted to illegal activities. • Intellectual thought, through educational pro- Forum and the association’s annual award Sanderson began a pro-active process of grams. contact Scott Bleecker at (613) 284-4500. consultation with community leaders, elders and The youth of the community are involved

November 2000 26 Blue Line Magazine Police force disbanded The Tsewultun Police Service and that she still believes in it. was shut down in September after Jeremy Donaldson, the lawyer five years of operation. representing the police service, said The native-run, British Colum- that the board decided to stop op- bia force was seized of all equip- erations and turn policing back to ment and vehicles to pay a court the RCMP. judgment of approximately Donaldson said the five-mem- $120,000 following the wrongful ber board did all that it could to re- dismissal of Deborah Porter in solve the issue. 1997. “The problem is the funding Iain McIver, Porter’s lawyer, contained no component to deal said his client was dismissed from with lawsuits or lawyers’ bills,” her five-year contract position with Donaldson was quoted as saying. the police service after being em- He said negotiations with the ployed for nine months. provincial and federal governments had yielded Porter, a native from Saskatchewan, had nothing. been with the RCMP for nine years before be- “This whole thing could be turned around ing recruited with the Tsewultun Police Serv- tomorrow morning if provincial and federal gov- ice, McIver said. ernments ponied up approximately $170,000,” While not being able to estimate how much Donaldson was quoted as saying. money the seized equipment would bring, McIver also said it was a shame to see that McIver said it would be sufficient to cover the the federal and provincial governments had awarded costs. bailed out on the police service when they ex- Porter, who is now working as an instruc- perienced problems by not providing funding. tor at the RCMP training academy, said she is The Tsewultun Police Service was estab- saddened by what happened to the Tsewultun lished in 1995 and provided policing with five police force. officers to about 2,000 people in the Halalt, “That’s not what I wanted to happen in Lyackson, Chemainus and Penelakut bands. any way,” Porter was quoted as saying. Funding was provided by the federal and pro- She added that she supported the project vincial governments.

Independent lawyers to prosecute cops Westervelt College Independent prosecutors will now handle all cases involving Manitoba police officers Excellence in Education Since 1885 charged with criminal offences, the provincial justice minister announced in September. Gord Mackintosh told delegates at the Ca- nadian Association of Civilian Oversight of Law Enforcement conference that because Crown attorneys work so closely with cops, the public could perceive the relationship might affect their ability to prosecute officers objectively. Call Now While the Law Enforcement Review Agency To Enrol handles hundreds of complaints against Mani- toba police officers each year, a small number end up in court. The justice minister’s announcement comes Police Foundations Training after two Winnipeg police officers were set free delivered in an intense one-year “Police Academy” environment after being prosecuted by Crown attorneys during the last year. Advanced status available to those with: Review agency commissioner George Wright said he supports the move to an inde- • 1 or 2 years Law and Security pendent system. • 1 or more years University Mackintosh also announced that the jus- • Career related experience tice department will meet with police chiefs and municipal officials in the next couple of months to determine if there is a better method Westervelt College of investigating officers charged with offences. 1060 Wellington Road He said he’d like to implement a system Teaching tomorrow’s professionals, today! London Ontario similar to those in other parts of Canada where N6E 3W5 a police officer is automatically investigated by Toll Free 1-877-668-2001 (519) 668-2000 a police service from outside the province.

November 2000 27 Blue Line Magazine Interviewing skills can be taught by Les Linder ground work done on the subject before an interview begins, MacKinnon added. “There’s always a challenge in dealing While the methods used by some crimi- with disgusting crimes such as child moles- nals today are becoming more sophisticated tation. You need to find an interviewer who and forcing police agencies to adapt, there can put aside their human emotions in that is still one aspect of criminal behaviour that scenario and find some way of appearing has never changed: a liar is still a liar. sincere and making a connection with the Discovering how an incident unfolded, person. weeding through false information and mak- “Some interviewers are better than oth- ing sure the right people are brought before ers at handling particular situations.” the courts, is left up to investigative inter- This is where problems can sometimes viewers. occur among investigators, MacKinnon Det. Sgt. Gordon MacKinnon, a 32- says. Egos can come into play when a case year veteran with Peel Regional Police and is given to one investigator, rather than an- author of the book Investigative Interview- other. ing, has been handling investigations since “Investigators have big egos and want the early 1970’s. to look good with a successful investiga- Much like criminals and liars, investi- tion. You have to put your ego on the shelf gative interviewers have changed little over and get the best person to solve the case. the years. Yet MacKinnon is quick to point That makes everyone look good.” out that this is not because of law enforce- Unfortunately, this hasn’t always been ment’s inability to keep up with changes in the case. MacKinnon points out that some- crime. times the competitive nature of investiga- “There simply hasn’t been too much of a today is provided to students with a course tors can cause problems. There have been some need to change how we do our job,” MacKinnon given in a classroom. high profile cases in the past, such as the said. “Spotting a liar today is the same as it was Although training methods have changed in Bernardo trial, where interviews weren’t con- hundreds of years ago.” the field with passing decades, several misin- ducted the way they probably should have been, However, MacKinnon adds that there is formed notions about interviewing have still MacKinnon says. always room for enhancements in developing passed down to this day. “We’ve learned hard lessons and we are better interviewers with additional training. “There’s a horrible misconception among aware more than ever before to make changes Unfortunately, that training is not provided to some people, particularly with the older ‘dino- where they are needed.” officers until they are much older because they saurs,’ that investigative interviewing is an in- Investigators are frequently challenged and are already busy working on a variety of other herit trait and that it can’t be learned. Don’t criticized when they ask people difficult ques- skills. buy into that, it is a learned skill that anybody tions. MacKinnon says that as long as the ques- “There simply are not enough hours in the can pick up.” tions are fair, difficult questions - and even trick- day to get these young officers learning inter- MacKinnon says that anybody can become ery - are acceptable up to a point. viewing skills on top of everything else being good at interviewing through constant practice “As long as you don’t go too far with it and crammed into their heads.” and accumulating a good repertoire of life sto- ask yourself whether or not the questions you The way interviewers are trained today has ries, parables and analogies that can be placed are (asking) could cause an innocent person to significantly changed from how it was done ear- into an interview to establish a connection and confess to an act they did not commit, it is then lier this century. trust with a subject. okay to use.” “Aspiring young investigators were trained “No doubt some people have a natural abil- Ensuring that interviewers do their job right by veteran investigators with the force who ity to talk; but that doesn’t necessarily trans- is all a matter of training, MacKinnon says. He taught their pupils with their own tricks of the late into being a good interviewer. There is no points out that training officers is expensive and trade and by having the student observe several such thing as a born interviewer. It is a science can become a logistical nightmare at times when interviews,” MacKinnon said. and anybody can learn it.” the officer has to be taken off duty for studies. While MacKinnon says such methods did A case is made or lost by the interviewer However, he stresses that providing training at indeed work in earlier eras, the best training working on it; which is why having good inter- an earlier stage in an officer’s career is an impor- viewers is of critical importance, MacKinnon tant step in creating strong investigators. stressed. Without them, an investigation can be The key to being a good investigator, jeopardized. MacKinnon believes, is to remain focused, However, MacKinnon says that the advent open-minded and objective to every situation. Pride in Service of the video camera has helped to change and “We’re not there to place blame or come up A ring of exceptional quality to show your limit the chances of a case being jeopardized by with theories and guess why a person commit- an interviewer. ted a crime. All we need to do is find out what “Pride in Service” “Everything the interviewer says and does happened. Once that’s done, our job is finished.” $ 95* can be seen and it prevents that interviewer per from acting in a way they might not normally if 39 month the camera wasn’t there,” he said. To register for the Investigative Interview- MacKinnon also praised the video camera’s ing course taught by MacKinnon at the ability to show courts exactly what went on Response Trade Show in April, call (905) during an interview to remove any questions or 640-3048. MacKinnon’s book, Investiga- doubt about the investigation. tive Interviewing can be ordered through *10 payments for the ladies 14K or the mens large 10K The outcome of an investigation is also the Blue Line Reading Library on page 39 800-535-9735 greatly dependent on the preparation and back- or on-line at www.blueline.ca.

November 2000 28 Blue Line Magazine Anonymous tip: Determining reasonable grounds R.v. Kesselring (2000) (ONT. C.A.)

One of the central focuses of of Appeal contesting the valid- side the accused’s house and having observed policing is analyzing a set of cir- ity of the search warrant by the operation. The errors conveyed by the cumstances and determining arguing that the information did informant were “relatively minor and did not whether reasonable grounds ex- not constitute reasonable detract from the compelling nature of the tip ist. The difficulty of the task in- grounds for issuing the warrant. when viewed in its entirety.” The court con- creases when the information is The Ontario Court of Ap- cluded that the circumstances reported con- received from an anonymous in- peal dismissed the appeal and stituted compelling information. formant. cited the following reasons: • the second factor, informant credibility, is No statute provides proce- • the standard for determining impossible to determine when the informant dural guidelines. Instead, case law whether reasonable grounds ex- is anonymous except by analyzing the subse- needs to be researched to find ist was set by the Supreme quent police investigation. systematic procedures. Court of Canada, in R.v. Debot • the final test is whether corroboration exists. In this case, a common set of (1989) and R.v. Plant (1993). The condensation on one window and ply- circumstances were reported anonymously to • the S.C.C. determined that the reliability of wood covering the other was consistent with the police. A successful investigation followed. an anonymous tip is dependent on the “total- the reported location of the operation. Regard- The judgement, rendered by the Ontario Court ity of the circumstances” and specified three ing the hydro consumption increases, expert of Appeal, applies Supreme Court of Canada factors in particular: opinion may be needed in some cases. In this guidelines and provides valuable investigative i) whether the informant’s case, expert opinion was unnecessary because procedural guidelines. information was “compelling”. the comparison evidence had “some evidentiary ii) whether the informant was credible. value.” Comparison samples must be “reason- Offence iii) whether the information ably comparable,” otherwise the samples will Cultivating marijuana was corroborated by police investigation. have minimal or no probative value. The court • the first test is to determine whether the in- concluded that corroboration existed. Circumstances formation was compelling. In this case, the At the conclusion of the three tests, the The police received an anonymous tip that information was sufficiently detailed to be court was satisfied that reasonable grounds ex- the accused was growing marijuana in his home. consistent with the informant having been in- isted to issue the search warrant. The informant provided considerable detail including: • the names of the occupants of the house. • a physical description of the accused. • a description of the house. • an approximate location of the house. • the accused’s occupation. • detailed information about the hydroponic marijuana growing operation (that the grow- ing operation was located in the attic and base- ment). The informant was wrong about: • the exact location of the house. The actual house was nine houses away from the one the informant described. • the details of the three vehicles owned by the occupants of the house. • the possibility that the accused was a college teacher. The police identified the actual house by means of a CPIC search on the accused. Addi- tionally, the police saw plywood covering two basement windows and on two consecutive days, condensation on a second floor window. A search of hydro records by telephone re- vealed that the accused’s house used almost 30 kilowatt hours per day more than during the previous year, representing about two to three times more electricity than another comparable house. A search warrant was obtained and ex- ecuted. Marijuana was found and seized. The accused was convicted at his trial.

Ontario Court of Appeal The accused appealed to the Ontario Court

November 2000 29 Blue Line Magazine Priests or virgins didn’t tame the west The Lacombe Police Service celebrates 100 years by Gary Leslie

“Priests or virgins didn’t tame the west”. This quote was discovered while researching the colourful history of the Lacombe Police Service. This year the Lacombe Police Service has the distinct honour of celebrating its Century of Serv- ice to the people of Lacombe and area. Lacombe is located on Hwy. 2 in Alberta, between Edmonton and Calgary. The commu- nity is named after Father Albert Lacombe, a pioneer missionary priest who is credited by historians as “not only witnessing the transfor- mation of a wilderness into three provinces with 1.6 million inhabitants, but played a leading and sometimes vital part in its success”. RCMP Supt. Stu Rammage said Father Lacombe was “known as the great pacifier, help- ing to bring law and order to the West.” In fact, memories of Father Lacombe are well noted in the history of the Northwest Mounted Police. Lacombe is also the birth place of former Gov- Photos: The Maski-Pitoon Historical Society ernor General, Roland Michener. The first settler in the area was a retired THE VICTORIA HOTEL: This site played host to an unforgettable July 4 celebration. member of the North West Mounted Police named Ed Barnett in 1883. Barnett had just but not totally without incident as one of them members who worked in Lacombe’s Detach- served three years with the North West fired two rounds at Barnett’s cabin. ment and later joined the Royal North West Mounted Police when he left Fort MacLeod on In 1896, a small statured man by the name Mounted Police when they took over Alberta’s August 17, 1881. of Bill Burris became the first overseer in the policing responsibilities. Although Barnett was only 23 when he left community now known as Lacombe. Burris had Upon leaving Lacombe Collett completed the force he had a mountain of stories and events apparently been a lawman in Georgetown, Colo- 34 years with the RNWMP. After his retire- that he could recall. One of those events that rado before settling into the area. Some of the ment he returned to Lacombe and at the age of 67 was very much entrenched in Barnett’s mind duties of the overseer were to serve as council, took on the roll of chief of police in the commu- was when he escorted Chief Sitting Bull in the secretary treasurer, sanitary inspector and to nity for the next 12 years. Joseph Collett retired summer of 1878 to the American border. Barnett administer the affairs of the village including from the town force at the young age of 79. recalls that the last time he saw Chief Sitting policing. Eventually in 1900, with a thriving During the 1950’s, nightshifts in the town Bull he was sitting on a cayuse (American In- population of 100 people the community hired meant that the lone constable usually got picked dian pony) stretched as high as he could get, Roy Baine as their first town constable. up by a local taxi as there was no police car. The roaring at the top of his voice and telling his One of Baines’ more lasting impressions of constable and the cab driver would drive around people to go quietly along and give no trouble. Lacombe was his first July 4 celebration. Baines town keeping each other company. One of those Barnett first established the location by had to respond to the Victoria Hotel, which nights, Bill Healing who was operating a taxi, building a cabin and barn, which became known was overflowing with whiskey-soaked patrons remembers an incident involving a member by as Ed Barnett’s stopping house. Barnett was from south of the border. the name of Archie Dorsey. given the land for serving his country with the The Victoria Hotel had a big street corner Dorsey was very new to the policing world NWMP. Eventually his family and friends from entrance, which most cowboys felt was an open when he had the unfortunate task of bumping Ontario moved out and the community began invitation to ride their horses right into the bar into Smoky Jamison. Smoky used to drive his to grow. The stopping house then became and order a beer. Unfortunately, on more than tractor to town and park it behind the Mainline known as Barnett’s Siding. one occasion a horse would get its hoof lodged Motors garage then would walk down to the One morning when Barnett was sitting on between the brass rail and the bar and it was Adelphi Hotel where he would take on a snoot his doorstep he could see in the distance about always an event to dislodge the wide-eyed beast. full of whisky. 20 mounted Indians from the Bob Tail’s band. On this occasion, Baines tried to evict the One night Dorsey confronted an obviously Barnett noted that they were wearing their war patrons who wanted to make a lasting impres- drunk Smoky behind Mainline Motors. Dorsey paint and he was concerned that they were look- sion on the people of Lacombe. Eventually told Smoky not to get on the tractor but Smoky ing for trouble. Baines had to show his authority by pulling his did anyway. Suddenly, Smoky pulled a shot- He immediately put his four horses in the gun at which point the crowd threatened to hang gun that had been hidden on the tractor and cabin, as there was a good chance the braves might him. Baines prudently remembered urgent busi- fired a couple of shots into the air. Between the take them. Barnett then went outside to meet his ness elsewhere and left. Lacombe never did cel- shots being fired and Smoky revving the old visitors as they lined up in front of his cabin. ebrate another July 4 weekend. tractor Dorsey couldn’t get out of there fast Several of the braves demanded food so Barnett With the establishment of the Alberta Pro- enough. Dorsey was on the force a week before supplied them with some tea and tobacco. vincial Police the town requested a detachment he took early retirement. As the pow-wow went on, the horses in be built in Lacombe but still continued to have Not having a portable radio back then was the cabin were making quite a noise moving its own town constable. The Alberta Provincial overcome by the technology of the day. When around so Barnett brought it to the attention of Police in Lacombe fell under “B” Division which the member was out on patrol there was a loca- the braves that there were enough men in the was headquartered out of Red Deer, Alberta. tion in town that he would pay a little more cabin to defend his possession. The braves left Cst. Joseph H. Collett was one of those attention to. It was a 25 ft. telegraph pole on

November 2000 30 Blue Line Magazine the street side of the The member came Steven Bartosh, of no fixed address, ultimately Lacombe Hotel and across what appeared to be received 18 months in the Fort Saskatchewan mounted high a top of that felon inside the Creamery jail. The Lacombe Police Department received pole was a red light. working on the safe with a praise in the local paper for a job well done. When people in town pickaxe. Immediately the Through many changes in the provincial needed the assistance of the member returned to the policing landscape over the past century, the police they would ring up arena and told Cst. John members of the Lacombe Police Service prided the local Alberta Govern- Shaw who had been keep- themselves on always getting the job done. ment Telephone operator ing a watchful eye on the They did not always have the best equip- who would then switch on enthusiastic crowd. ment, sufficient human resources, or even the the red light to summon the Shaw responded to the proper training, but they always rose above member on foot patrol. Creamery and seeing the their limitations and earned the respect of the When the member saw the individual inside, drew his community through their perseverance and de- light on, he would phone own Colt 45 service re- termination. the switchboard and take volver. Shaw had been is- From its proud and sometimes colourful the information. sued a .38 Special but the past, the Lacombe Police Service has evolved Apparently because of barrel was bent and he was into a modern force serving a community of the close working relation- Edward Barnett and wife Elvie scared to fire it. 10,000 residents. Today, the service consists of ship between the police Unable to find how the 12 sworn members, two auxiliary members, 11 and AGT, it wasn’t uncom- culprit got inside, Shaw full and part-time civilian support staff. mon for a member to run off with a switch- decided to use the front door which he opened The service houses the regional 911 centre board operator. with his shoulder to the surprise of the would- which dispatches police, fire and ambulance to If a member required transportation up un- be felon. By the time Shaw gained entry, the the region of some 25,000 people. From the til this point in history, they would either take culprit had his arm deep inside the safe. rotating red light to modern communications; a taxi or use their own car. With vehicles be- Obviously surprised by the officer’s sudden from cab rides to calls to a modern fleet of po- coming more popular amongst the citizens of appearance, the culprit removed his arm and lice vehicles, the Lacombe Police Service prides Lacombe, Chief Collett installed a siren on his charged the member. Shaw raised his weapon itself on blending tradition with technology and own vehicle in 1954. and fired in the direction of the advancing felon is considered a leader in today’s world of polic- Lacombe members have seen their share of who promptly turned tail and ran. He fired two ing. high-risk incidents. One cold and frosty night more rounds but missed and instead the rounds in the middle of winter, the Lacombe Rockets struck a stainless steel vat used to store many Cpl. Gary Leslie is a 25-year veteran who hockey club had packed the arena with 3500 gallons of cream, causing quite a mess. has spent 17 years with the Lacombe Police screaming fans. A lone constable was bundled Within hours the 36-year-old suspect was Service. He can be reached at (403) 782- up in his winter attire out on foot patrol con- captured while en route to Edmonton and had 3279. ducting property checks. to be treated for a bullet wound to the ankle.

November 2000 31 Blue Line Magazine Evil Never Sleeps scene, orchestrating an inquiry that lectured at the FBI Academy in moves like wildfire from a small-time Quantico and the National Police Reviewer: Mary Lymburner M.Ed. drug deal to the theft of a top-secret Academy in Poland. Evil Never Sleeps, the new thriller by the U.S Air Force computer. If this so- Although Konkel has never expert international crime investigator, Toronto phisticated killing machine falls into worked in Latin America, his expe- police Staff Sgt. K.G.E. (Chuck) Konkel, is full the wrong hands, even the most riences help to give the reader a of the gritty details of real-life experience. powerful man on earth is no longer glimpse of the corruption that can Set in the Mexican Sonoran Desert, Evil safe. Fuentes is abruptly plunged exist and this book permits the im- Never Sleeps is the story of Miguel Fuentes, a into a deadly contest played out be- agination to take over. This is a mas- police officer of high integrity who, after com- tween the Mexican Secret Service, terfully crafted yarn of foreign ad- ing too close to exposing official corruption, the PRI and the U.S. Air Force Of- venture and intrigue as seen through finds himself in a dead-end job as the chief of an fice of Special Investigations. a cop’s eye. incompetent police station of bribe-takers. Chuck Konkel was born in Rot- Konkel’s first book, The Glo- That is until a bomb explodes at a local flea- terdam, the Netherlands. He holds a rious East Wind, a political thriller bag motel. Four grisly corpses need to be iden- Master of Arts degree in International Relations about the Royal Hong Kong Police Force was tified, and in the course of the investigation two and speaks several languages. He served as an published to rave reviews in 1987. His next plastic bags containing high-grade heroin are inspector in the Royal Hong Kong Police and novel, he says, will be set in the immediate af- discovered in the car of one of the dead. To has become one of North America’s leading ex- termath of the Second World War, and his hero further complicate his life, Fuentes’ ex-partner, perts in Asian crime. Konkel has won medals will take on Nazis, Soviets and the Western now a powerful police slime broker, enters the for bravery and outstanding police work, has Allies.

Forty Mile to Bonanza few wasted no time in scurrying down sourdoughs, collected royalties on Reviewer: Morley Lymburner the Klondike after their arrival. the gold and captured the gold be- Alluring stories of gold nuggets in ing smuggled out. They were re- Jim Wallace has done it again. In his third in the creeks and rivers of the Yukon were sponsible for health and sanitation a series on the history of the Royal Canadian no doubt tempered by the realities of a inspections and were required to en- Mounted police entitled Forty Mile to Bonanza hostile climate and geography. Cou- sure the suitability of those enter- Wallace accomplished what he does best. Tell it pled with this was the passage through ing the Territory to endure the trek like it was and tell it without complications or some of the roughest American fron- ahead of them. While establishing political bias. He has created a work of litera- tier towns in existence. Towns where these varied tasks officers had to ture that captivated my attention from begin- a life was only worth what you carried build their own facilities and ensure ning to end. in your pockets or on your back and their own survival. Adding to his successes from two previous little else to stop it being taken. Sur- Wallace writes glowingly about books in this chronology, A Double Duty and A viving this level took you into true fron- the larger than life figure of Sam Steele Trying Time, Wallace produced a book that re- tier tough geography of mountains and and his leadership qualities that in- veals some of the true realities faced by Canada weather conditions that would see you through a spired the officers under his command. Steele during the Yukon Gold Rush era of 1897. The short hot summer into a frozen wilderness of mi- was essentially the manifestation of the Cana- difference in Wallace’s book Forty Mile to Bo- nus 50 in a matter of weeks. dian Government when he first arrived. Respon- nanza from official history texts is that he tells Forty Mile to Bonanza describes the origi- sibilities ranged from Post Master to Health In- the story from the perspective of a historical nal deployment of the North-West Mounted spector to Judge. It is difficult to imagine a more enthusiast with a hungry audience. Police to the sparsely settled Yukon, prior to suitable candidate for such a huge undertaking. This book does not shy away from the reali- major discoveries of gold, to implement Cana- Wallace’s latest book is a must read for the ties of a young federal police service trying not dian Sovereignty in the territory where the Mountieofile and almost anyone else for that only to gain maturity but to even exist at all. boundary with Alaska was being disputed. It matter. The book has a good index and also lists Buffeted between a tough job and even tougher then describes how a relatively small number of the names of every officer who served in the Yu- politics in Ottawa, the day to day life of the officers coped with the rush of gold seekers to kon. It is a captivating account of the early years officers was one that could make or break them the Klondike. of Canada’s national police service and is most as individuals. These officers signed up for ad- Being the only representation of Canadian certainly written without fear or favouritism. venture and perhaps even a sure shot at finding authority in this wild untamed territory meant their own personal Bonanza. For many it was officers were called upon to do almost every- Both books will be available soon in Blue Line’s one way to get to the Yukon under the protec- thing necessary to ensure safety and sover- Reading Library. Order these books now in time tion of the Canadian government just to see if a eignty. They collected taxes at the borders, es- for Christmas. ‘mother-load’ was really awaiting them. And a tablished town sites, carried the mail to the

November 2000 32 Blue Line Magazine

Ever wonder if it would be possible to ask a question or make a comment that could be read by everyone in the country... or even the world? Blue Line Magazine now has that capa- bility at your disposal with the introduction of The Blue Line Forum. Through this forum we hope to be providing you with a sort of barom- eter of the state of law enforcement in Canada. This experimental service is now available by going to www.blueline.ca and clicking on The Blue Line Forum’s button supplied on the home page. From here all you have to do is register. Registration consists of a name or “handle” you will be known by, a valid return e-mail address that can be kept confidential if you wish and a password of your choosing. Other infor- mation may be given but it is not required. As in any new concept or project there are bound to be some growing pains and manoeu- vring to best determine the direction it should be taking. But much as a duck learning to swim you can accomplish very little by staring at the waters and planning how it is to be done. You have to get into the stuff and start splashing around. The best part of the Blue Line Forum is that the users can determine which way it is to be taken by posting suggestions of their own. Communication Skills two new books Criminal Investigation - Form- Users of The Blue Line Forum will be in- Terry Barker is an author and consultant ing Reasonable Grounds and Basic Police Pro- troduced to 17 topics which focus on various with worldwide recognition in the field of com- cedures. Gino has been Blue Line Magazine’s interest levels of law enforcement. Blue Line munication skills. Terry is the author of Boss Case Law Editor for the past ten years. Magazine has recruited some of Canada’s most Talk, a book on supervisory communication knowledgeable people to be moderators of each skills, and The Five Minute Police Officer, a Police Leadership of the forums. These people will be the “ref- book that teaches officers how to communicate Terry Anderson possesses a Ph.D. in ad- erees” and facilitators for their forums. Here is effectively with the public and co-workers. ministration management. Dr. Anderson received a rundown on the categories and an introduc- Terry has instructed at numerous police acad- his street level education with the Vancouver tion to the moderators. emies around the world and is presently work- Police and has since become an academic with ing with Dalhousie University’s Henson Col- considerable background and experience. He is Police Management lege in the Police Leadership section. the author of Transforming Leadership (1992) Robert Lunney - ended a 44-year police and more recently Every Officer Is A Leader career in 1997. For the first 21 years he was a Firearms (2000). He is also an active member of the Ot- member of the RCMP and retired in 1974 as a Dave Brown is a free-lance firearms instruc- tawa-based Police Leadership Forum. superintendent. He then spent 12 years as chief tor and consultant from Winnipeg. For over 15 of the Edmonton Police Service and another three years he has trained police, military and secu- First Nations Policing years as commissioner of protective services rity officers in tactical firearms use and tactical Glenn Lickers is currently the Chief of Po- for the City of Winnipeg. The next seven years shotgun handling. He was an advisor and con- lice for the Six Nations Police Service in Ontario. he was Chief of the Peel Regional Police. He is sultant to the drafting of the Canadian Firearms He has been in this position for the past 15 years currently semi-retired and a regular columnist Registration legislation. He is also a tactical fire- and formerly spent seven years with the RCMP. with Blue Line Magazine. arms safety officer for the film industry in Mani- He is currently the Vice President of the First toba. Dave has been a regular contributor, cor- Nations Chiefs of Police Association. Technology respondent, and Tactical Firearms Editor for Tom Rataj is an active police officer with Blue Line Magazine for the past eight years. Use of Force the Toronto Police Service with a keen interest Joel Johnston is currently a sergeant with in technology as it relates to the officer on the Case Law the Vancouver Police Emergency Response street. Tom has a wide background in police Gino Arcaro is a Law Professor with Team. Joel has had considerable experience and work and has worked with patrol, traffic, in- Niagara College and currently head of the Law training as a use-of-force instructor and has been vestigative and planning branches of the To- Enforcement and Security section of that insti- a regular contributor to Blue Line Magazine. ronto Police Service over the past 18 years. tution. Formerly with the Niagara Regional John McKay will co-moderate this forum with Tom has been Blue Line Magazine’s Technol- Police Service, Gino has published several books Joel. John is an experienced trainer, operational ogy editor for the past eight years. on the subject of drinking drivers, and currently police officer and expert witness. He is a 27

November 2000 34 Blue Line Magazine year member, former RCMP Depot Instructor, Clothing & Equipment a word or words found in the posts, user name, Vancouver Police Control Tactics Instructor, Tricia Rudy is currently the president of date, and particular forum(s). Just click on the Crowd Control Unit Commander, SWAT Team Virtual Depot Inc., a company that acts as a “search” link at the top of most pages. Note: Leader, and currently Sergeant with the VPD broker between buyers and sellers of police and announcements are not included in the search Education & Training Unit. security surplus equipment. Tricia has worked returns. for over ten years in the garment and body ar- mour industry in Canada. She is also an experi- E-mail Notification Women in Policing If you create a new topic, you have the Amy Ramsey is currently a member of the enced consultant regarding Request For Pro- option of receiving an e-mail notification every Ontario Provincial Police and was previously a posal specifications writing and research. time someone posts a reply to your topic. Just member of the Peel Regional Police. She is the check the e-mail notification box on the “New author of several books including The Police A Word About Moderators Moderators control individual forums. They Topic” forum when you create your new topic, Officer’s Guide to Impaired Driving and A guide can edit, delete, or prune any posts in their if you want to use this feature. to Police Procedure. She is currently president forums. If you have a question about a particu- of the Ontario Women in Law Enforcement lar forum, you should direct it to your forum The Daily Active Topic List Association and an active participant in the In- When you visit this bulletin board, you will moderator. ternational Association of Women Police. see a link at the top of the list of forums called Considering the real-time nature of this bul- “Daily Active Topic List”. Clicking on this will letin board, it is impossible for us to review provide you with a list of topics in all open Labour Relations messages or confirm the validity of all the in- Tony Lamothe is a Director with the On- (non private) forums that have been posted to formation posted. Please remember that we do tario Provincial Police Association’s Board of that day. actively monitor the contents of posted mes- Directors. Tony has been a member of the On- sages but are not always able to do so in a com- tario Provincial Police for 19 years. He has been Private forums pletely thorough manner. We do not vouch for Private Forums will be set up in the future. actively involved in the Ontario Provincial Po- or warrant the accuracy, completeness or use- These topics will be closed and available to veri- lice Association for a number of years. He has fulness of any message. The messages express fied persons only and will cover topics of a pro- held numerous Branch Executive positions and the views of the author of the message, not fessional special interest. If there are any groups is presently the Editor of the O.P.P.A. necessarily the views of Blue Line Magazine. or topics you feel could be included in such a newsmagazine Beyond the Badge and sits on Any user who feels that a posted message is forum you are encouraged to contact the pub- many OPP/OPPA partnership committees. objectionable is encouraged to contact us imme- lisher at e-mail [email protected] or diately by e-mail. We have the ability to remove phone 905 640-3048. Automotive objectionable messages and we will make every There are many other capabilities and rules Moderator not selected as yet. Temporar- effort to do so, within a reasonable time frame, if of interest and a more complete database is avail- ily it will be moderated by Blue Line Maga- we determine that removal is necessary. able on the Forum itself. zine’s Dave Brown. Please note that advertisements, chain let- Les Linder is Blue Line Magazine’s News ters, pyramid schemes, and solicitations are in- Editor and the Forum’s Technical Janitor. If you Education & Training appropriate on this forum. have concerns or comments of a technical na- Richard Parent is an 18-year member of ture you may contact him at e-mail: the Delta Police Department and a former in- [email protected]. If you would like to structor with the Justice Institute of British Editing Your Posts You may edit or delete your own posts at become a moderator of an existing or new fo- Columbia. He is currently a Ph.D. candidate any time. Except for the forum moderator or rum contact Morley Lymburner at e-mail: with Simon Fraser University and has been a the bulletin board administrator, no one else [email protected]. author and co-author of numerous policy and can edit your post. A note is generated at the We encourage you to participate by read- procedures manual in current use by many po- bottom of each post that is edited so that every ing, asking, answering and telling. The Blue Line lice services. He is a co-author of the recent one knows when a post has been edited. team of moderators and technicians have worked book Canadian Police Work. hard to set this service in place. It is your forum Searching For Specific Posts and Blue Line Magazine is proud to be able to Ethics You may search for specific posts based on present it to you. Bob Fitches is a retired Superintendent from the Ontario Provincial Police and the co- I don’t care founder of Magna Carta Training Inc. This is an WhaWhat anyone says organization that is dedicated to providing po- The X-Spurt WhaWhaWhat anyone says lice services boards, police leaders, police offic- External carriers by Chad Irvine ers and civilian employees at all levels with the aren’t ttaren’t hahahat noticeable ! information and tools they require to ensure a level of ethical excellence in their organizations. Co-moderating with Bob will be Robert Lunney and John Kousik, retired Chief of the Windsor Police Service.

Traffic Initiatives Moderator not selected as yet. Temporar- ily it will be moderated by Blue Line Maga- zine’s Publisher, Morley Lymburner, who has had over 20 years of experience in all fields of traffic enforcement and investigation.

Planning & Research Moderator not selected as yet. Temporar- ily it will be moderated by Morley Lymburner who is a 12 year associate member of the Inter- national Association of Police Planners.

November 2000 35 Blue Line Magazine Blue Line’s Classified advertisements are a free service to law enforcement agencies and related personnel support groups. Other persons or organiza- tions may place their notices in this section at a price of $50 per insertion up to 25 words. Pre-payment by Visa, MasterCard or Cheque only please. Send information and pre-payment to: 12A-4981 Hwy. 7 East, Ste. 254, Markham, ON. L3R 1N1 or Fax (800) 563-1792 or E-mail to [email protected] November 13, 2000 gram to all EMS personnel. For sonnel. To register for Response Up-Coming Events Stolen Vehicle’s Seminar further details on the program con- 2001 call (905) 640-3048. Oakville - Ontario tact Sgt. Steve Henkel at (416) November 6 - 8, 2000 This seminar, hosted by the South- 808-5800. April 24 - 25, 2001 Canadian Critical Incident As- ern Ontario Law Enforcement Blue Line Symposium sociation Seminar Training Association, will cover Markham - Ontario Niagara Falls - Ontario topics including stolen vehicle March 19 - 23, 2001 Have your personnel take advan- Includes daily refreshments, full trends, VINs and preventative pro- 15th Annual Forensic Identifi- cedures. Contact Sean Baker at cation Seminar tage of two specialized courses. buffet lunch, hospitality suite, ca- The first course will cover critical sino night. Free parking available. (905) 878-5511. Toronto - Ontario This seminar, hosted by the To- incident stress management, basic Room rates guaranteed until Octo- group crisis intervention, CISD and ber 5, 2000. Please call 1-800-263- ronto Police Service, will include November 29 - December 2, 2000 lectures, workshops and a trade defusing and demobilization. The 7135 to make your own reserva- second course will cover investiga- Third Annual CALEA show. The theme of this year’s tions under the CCIA. tive interviewing techniques. Please Conference event is forensics in the new mil- reserve your space by Jan. 15. lennium. For more information Burlington - Vermont Contact (905) 640-3048. November 11 - 15, 2000 For more information on the Com- contact Anna Ferrari (416) 808- 107th Annual International As- mission on Accreditation for Law 6876. sociation of Chiefs of Police Enforcement Agencies’ annual meet- April 30 - May 11, 2001 Conference ing call (800) 368-3757. May 28 - June 8, 2001 San Diego - California April 24 - 25, 2001 Level One Coxswain Course For more information on this an- Response 2001 Toronto - Ontario nual conference, which is regularly January 22 - 26, 2001 Markham - Ontario Back by popular demand, this 10- attended by police chiefs, senior February 19 - 23, 2001 Blue Line Magazine’s fifth annual day program boating course is for law enforcement officials, exhibi- Ice Rescue Trainer Program trade show is the perfect venue to all levels of law enforcement per- tors and other police executives Toronto - Ontario test, review and purchase prod- sonnel and support staff working from more than 100 nations, call 1- The Toronto Police Marine Unit ucts and services. This show is with law enforcement. Contact Sgt. 800-THE-IACP. will be offering this five-day pro- open to all law enforcement per- Steve Henkel at (416) 808-5800.

November 2000 36 Blue Line Magazine

More tales from Club Fed by Robert Stevens This certainly did not figure in Karla’s plan, capital punishment but also abolish imprison- but it does portray the feds as tough on crime. ment for criminals. The first time I became aware of “Club Believe it if you will. The vast majority of public opinion, not Fed” and the absolute popularity of federal pris- Scott Newark doesn’t. surprising, resides some- ons over their provincial counterparts, was He was the first to draw where in the middle. about six years ago. our attention to another bit There are valid rea- I was present in a downtown courthouse of federal legerdemain. sons for incarcerating when a female with an assaultive record was Mr. Newark is special criminal offenders and convicted of another rather serious assault. At counsel to Ontario’s Office they don’t all dwell on her sentencing, where she was still in custody, for Victims of Crime. “corrective” measures for she remained calm until she heard those fate- Leaked memos reveal that the benefit of the accused. ful word from the judge: “Two years less a Correctional Services Retribution does and day”. Canada is forging ahead should play a part, espe- Then she began to act very badly. The re- with a 50/50 spilt in per- cially in heinous capital mainder of the sentencing was lost in a torrent sons serving time in federal crimes. of epithets and curses until she was ordered institutes, that is, 50 per The public has a right removed from the court. The female court of- cent imprisoned, 50 per to expect that those who ficer had to remove the convicted woman forci- cent paroled. would destroy other lives bly from the courtroom to return her to the The National Parole so wantonly and heart- cells. Board, those long suffering lessly will pay a severe On her way back to the cells, pandemo- folks who put on a posi- price. This, to a certain seg- nium broke out as the prisoner laid a fearful tive spin where they can, will no doubt try to ment of the population, is indeed a deterrent, ABH assault on the court officer before other lend credence to this mish mash. and a worthy one. officers could come to her aid. Police had to be Believed to be a brainchild of former pris- The National Parole Board’s annual per- called at once to lay new charges on the freshly ons boss Ole Ingstrup, this arbitrary 50/50 split formance report for the 1999-2000 operational convicted woman. has the taint of those who would prefer to abol- year said parolee convictions for violent of- And, her reaction? ish federal correctional institutes altogether as fences dropped almost 22 per cent over the last She could not have been more delighted. just too offensive to the Charter of Rights and three years. Things went exactly to plan. Freedoms. Exactly what set of determinants would pro- Now, instead of serving practically all of The absurd 70’s are alive and well in Ot- duce that result? Surely that is a subjective find- her two year sentence in a less user friendly tawa where aging flower children continue to ing, relying more on the numbers and categories provincial institution, (all sentences under two reign. Mr. Trudeau, your legacy is safe. of persons released than it is a reflection of re- years are served in a provincial institute in On- Three specific methods of early release are formed attitude on the part of violent persons. tario) she would, after being found guilty of the employed to artificially expand the numbers of So many times, and for so many reasons, new charges, be almost assured of going to a serious offenders turned out onto the streets, statistics are “cooked” to produce a pre-deter- federal correctional institute and serving less of having nothing whatsoever to do with the merit mined and desirable outcome. One often need a longer sentence than she would have had to or logic of the individual case. not read far into a statistics-laden government serve of her “two years less Those methods include policy piece to see where they wish to take the a day”. unescorted temporary ab- reader, and public opinion as well. In addition, she would sences, day parole and full Critics say former prisons boss Ole be able to mingle with her parole. Ingstrup’s controversial three-year old plan to prison pals in a more per- And sure enough, pa- attain a 50/50 split between imprisoned and missive atmosphere than role releases from federal paroled convicts is responsible for the increased would ever be possible in prisons increased 24 per releases and the drop in detentions. a provincial placement. In cent over the past three Worth noting is the fact that we are speak- other words - “Club Fed, years, National Parole ing about the most violent prisoners in the sys- here I come!” Board statistics reveal. tem. An accused who winds up in a federal I was reminded of this The dramatic rise saw prison is absolutely doing serious time for seri- phenomenon recently a 41 per cent jump in ous crime, invariably involving much violence when the newspapers ran unescorted temporary ab- or sexual violence. pictures of everybody’s sences, a 31.5 per cent Provincial institutes house many thousands favourite gal pal doing hard hike in day paroles and a of convicted felons doing time for lesser crimi- time at Club Fed. In fed- 14.3 per cent increase in nal incidents, the kind handled more routinely eral prison terms, we are full paroles. At the same by police officers from coast to coast. These speaking of Miss Karla time, revocations of full result in a convicted person serving two years Homolka, who was so re- parolees for breach of con- less a day, in a provincial institute. cently inconvenienced in her daily routine of ditions decreased to 14.3 per cent from 19 per Mr. Newark makes the point that convicts exchanging hair and beauty tips with the girls at cent. are being released to meet artificial, pre-deter- Joliette Prison. There is a philosophical battle raging. There mined numerical targets. Mr. Newark knows In order to put on a show of toughness, are those “hang ‘em high” or “throw away the his subject well. The last words should be his. her keepers (to offset this rather revealing pub- key” advocates who would punish all criminal “The most disturbing part is the reduction licity) decided that a trip to Saskatchewan was offenders in a manner that would ensure they of referrals for detention - we’re dealing with in order for some sort of trumped up assess- would not repeat their crimes and then there are the worst of the worst here.” ment. those who would abolish not only corporal and Amen.

November 2000 38 Blue Line Magazine IMPAIRED

FormingDRIVING Reasonable Grounds

THIRD EDITION

GINO ARCARO

1 $46.00 3 $58.95 4 $48.95 5 $14.70 6 $17.95 12 $21.00 19 $58.95

Described as a “Paper Advanced material ideal Tactics for armed encoun- “The ability to deal with Written by the author of This book is a comprehen- The main concepts of Tac- Police College”, this for academy and depart- ters. Positive tactics de- the public in all its forms, The Five Minute Police sive study of Canada’s tics for Criminal Patrol unique and comprehen- mental training programs signed to master real-life moods and temperament Officer, this book is a must drinking driver laws. Ex- states that “vehicle stops sive Canadian text book is and for all law enforce- situations. This book deals with a ‘System’ allows read for anyone looking cellent resource for police are golden opportunities designed to instruct you in ment officers. This very with tactics police officers even experienced officers toward a managerial level officers, prosecutors or for unique field investiga- the workings of the Crimi- real-life book will not only can employ on the street to feel a new confidence.” career. This book has been anyone interested in the tions which ... can lead to nal Code of Canada in a teach you about the “Tac- to effectively use their Give Terry Barker’s “Sys- evaluated by college train- administration of laws to- major felony arrests.” For logical, easy to read fash- tical Edge” it will help keep own firearms to defeat tem” a try, it will prove to ing staff and psychologists ward drinking drivers. officers who want to stop ion. you on it. those of assailants. be a valued tool. around the world. smugglers in transit.

The North West Mounted Police TheirTheir FirstFirst DecadeDecade

23 $29.95 24 $24.95 25 $27.95 26 $16.95 27 $24.95 30 $14.95 31 $45.00

Police officers are seekers This book covers the first William McCormack, a From the author of the The sequel to A Double This book takes you along This book, reviewed in the of truth and facts. This book decade in the history of the former Toronto police Court Jesters series Duty, this book covers the for the ride as a 12-year Jan. 2000 issue, responds will help officers to inter- North West Mounted Po- chief, relates some of the comes a hilarious collec- 1885 North-West Rebel- veteran of the Vancouver to the need for a compre- view people with the ulti- lice, 1873-1883, a decisive city’s most famous mur- tion of real-life tales from lion. The role of the Moun- Police Department de- hensive leadership devel- mate goal being to identify period in the history of der cases. The reader is those who battle crime. ties has been down-played scribes some of his most opment model for the edu- the guilty party in an ef- Western Canada. The book taken directly into the in- Stupid crooks, cops with a by historians, but this interesting calls. The stories cation and training of po- fective manner, consistent examines the beginning of ner circle of each investi- sense of humour, incidents doesn’t do justice to the of- will help you understand lice, justice and public with the requirements of the force and the difficul- gation, where the murder- gone wrong - this book has ficers who battled at Duke what it’s like to work Van- safety supervisors, man- any tribunal or court. ties it faced. er’s steps are traced. it all. Lake, Loon Lake and more. couver’s high-crime areas. agers and front line offic- ers. l From legendary Sam Steele l Filled with up-to-date, de- to Nelson Eddy in Rose Marie. tailed news from coast-to-coast, From the Great March West to Blue Line News Week is a must the Musical Ride, the Mountie for all law enforcement agen- shines as an image of strength, cies who want to stay informed. courage and the Canadian way. All 52 weekly issues can be de- A must read for RCMP mem- livered to you by fax or mail. bers of those interested in the force. k Blue Line Magazine has been k This book effectively bridges the officer’s choice for law en- both the theoretical and practi- forcement news, features and cal aspects of police work. It information for more than 10 surveys current research and years. The magazine’s 10 an- policy to examine the structure, $200 Faxed nual issues cover topics includ- operation and issues facing po- OR ing firearms, private policing, $ 25.00 B licing in the 1990s and the ap- T communications, training, com- 28 $24.95 proaching millennium. 29 $45.00 $100 Mailed puter technology, and forensics. Tax Included

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