11–20–03 Vol. 68 No. 224 Thursday Nov. 20, 2003 Pages 65383–65626

Total Page:16

File Type:pdf, Size:1020Kb

11–20–03 Vol. 68 No. 224 Thursday Nov. 20, 2003 Pages 65383–65626 11–20–03 Thursday Vol. 68 No. 224 Nov. 20, 2003 Pages 65383–65626 VerDate jul 14 2003 18:31 Nov 19, 2003 Jkt 203001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4710 Sfmt 4710 E:\FR\FM\20NOWS.LOC 20NOWS 1 II Federal Register / Vol. 68, No. 224 / Thursday, November 20, 2003 The FEDERAL REGISTER (ISSN 0097–6326) is published daily, SUBSCRIPTIONS AND COPIES Monday through Friday, except official holidays, by the Office of the Federal Register, National Archives and Records PUBLIC Administration, Washington, DC 20408, under the Federal Register Subscriptions: Act (44 U.S.C. Ch. 15) and the regulations of the Administrative Paper or fiche 202–512–1800 Committee of the Federal Register (1 CFR Ch. I). The Assistance with public subscriptions 202–512–1806 Superintendent of Documents, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, DC 20402 is the exclusive distributor of the official General online information 202–512–1530; 1–888–293–6498 edition. Periodicals postage is paid at Washington, DC. Single copies/back copies: The FEDERAL REGISTER provides a uniform system for making Paper or fiche 202–512–1800 available to the public regulations and legal notices issued by Assistance with public single copies 1–866–512–1800 Federal agencies. These include Presidential proclamations and (Toll-Free) Executive Orders, Federal agency documents having general FEDERAL AGENCIES applicability and legal effect, documents required to be published by act of Congress, and other Federal agency documents of public Subscriptions: interest. Paper or fiche 202–741–6005 Documents are on file for public inspection in the Office of the Assistance with Federal agency subscriptions 202–741–6005 Federal Register the day before they are published, unless the issuing agency requests earlier filing. For a list of documents currently on file for public inspection, see http://www.nara.gov/ fedreg. What’s NEW! The seal of the National Archives and Records Administration Federal Register Table of Contents via e-mail authenticates the Federal Register as the official serial publication Subscribe to FEDREGTOC, to receive the Federal Register Table of established under the Federal Register Act. Under 44 U.S.C. 1507, Contents in your e-mail every day. the contents of the Federal Register shall be judicially noticed. The Federal Register is published in paper and on 24x microfiche. If you get the HTML version, you can click directly to any document It is also available online at no charge as one of the databases in the issue. on GPO Access, a service of the U.S. Government Printing Office. To subscribe, go to http://listserv.access.gpo.gov and select: The online edition of the Federal Register www.access.gpo.gov/ Online mailing list archives nara, available through GPO Access, is issued under the authority of the Administrative Committee of the Federal Register as the FEDREGTOC-L official legal equivalent of the paper and microfiche editions (44 Join or leave the list U.S.C. 4101 and 1 CFR 5.10). It is updated by 6 a.m. each day Then follow the instructions. the Federal Register is published and includes both text and graphics from Volume 59, Number 1 (January 2, 1994) forward. For more information about GPO Access, contact the GPO Access User Support Team, call toll free 1-888-293-6498; DC area 202- 512-1530; fax at 202-512-1262; or via email at [email protected]. The Support Team is available between 7:00 a.m. and 9:00 p.m. Eastern Time, Monday–Friday, except official holidays. The annual subscription price for the Federal Register paper edition is $699, or $764 for a combined Federal Register, Federal Register Index and List of CFR Sections Affected (LSA) subscription; the microfiche edition of the Federal Register including the Federal Register Index and LSA is $264. Six month subscriptions are available for one-half the annual rate. The charge for individual copies in paper form is $10.00 for each issue, or $10.00 for each group of pages as actually bound; or $2.00 for each issue in microfiche form. All prices include regular domestic postage and handling. International customers please add 40% for foreign handling. Remit check or money order, made payable to the Superintendent of Documents, or charge to your GPO Deposit Account, VISA, MasterCard, American Express, or Discover. Mail to: New Orders, Superintendent of Documents, P.O. Box 371954, Pittsburgh, PA 15250-7954; or call toll free 1-866-512-1800, DC area 202-512-1800; or go to the U.S. Government Online Bookstore site, [email protected]. There are no restrictions on the republication of material appearing in the Federal Register. How To Cite This Publication: Use the volume number and the page number. Example: 68 FR 12345. Postmaster: Send address changes to the Superintendent of Documents, Federal Register, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington DC 20402, along with the entire mailing label from the last issue received. VerDate jul 14 2003 18:31 Nov 19, 2003 Jkt 203001 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 4710 Sfmt 4710 E:\FR\FM\20NOWS.LOC 20NOWS 2 III Contents Federal Register Vol. 68, No. 224 Thursday, November 20, 2003 Agriculture Department See Army Department See Commodity Credit Corporation See Engineers Corps See Forest Service RULES See Natural Resources Conservation Service Vocational rehabilitation and education: Veterans education— Air Force Department Educational Assistance Test Program; increased NOTICES allowances, 65399–65401 Meetings: Scientific Advisory Board, 65448–65449 Education Department NOTICES Army Department Meetings: See Engineers Corps Tribal Colleges and Universities, President’s Board of NOTICES Advisors, 65452 Meetings: Western Hemisphere Institute for Security Cooperation Energy Department Board of Visitors, 65449 See Energy Information Administration Senior Executive Service: Performance Review Board; membership, 65449–65450 Energy Information Administration NOTICES Chemical Safety and Hazard Investigation Board Reports and guidance documents; availability, etc.: RULES Statistical information based on petroleum supply Organization, functions, and operations, 65403–65404 reporting system survey data; policy statement, 65452–65454 Civil Rights Commission NOTICES Engineers Corps Meetings; State advisory committees: NOTICES Maine, 65435 Environmental statements; notice of intent: Missouri and Oklahoma, 65435–65436 Buchanan County, OH and Doniphan County, KS; New Hampshire, 65436 Missouri River Levees System Units L-455 and R Ohio, 65436 471-460; flood damage reduction study, 65450–65451 Various States, 65436–65437 Shishmaref, AK; coastal erosion protection and community relocation, 65451–65452 Coast Guard PROPOSED RULES Environmental Protection Agency Ports and waterways safety: RULES New York Marine Inspection and Captain of Port Zones, Air pollution control: NY; safety and security zones, 65427–65429 State operating permit programs— NOTICES Ohio, 65401–65403 Meetings: PROPOSED RULES Chemical Transportation Advisory Committee and Solid wastes: Towing Safety Advisory Committee, 65465–65466 Hazardous waste; identification and listing— Solvent-contaminated reusable shop towels, rags, Commerce Department disposable wipes, and paper towels; conditional See Industry and Security Bureau exclusion, 65585–65619 See International Trade Administration NOTICES See National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration Meetings: State FIFRA Issues Research and Evaluation Group, Committee for the Implementation of Textile Agreements 65454–65455 NOTICES Reports and guidance documents; availability, etc.: Cotton, wool, and man-made textiles: Childhood exposures to environmental contaminants, China, 65445–65448 assessments; appropriate age groups selection guidance, 65455 Commodity Credit Corporation Superfund; response and remedial actions, proposed RULES settlements, etc.: Loan and purchase programs: AAA Metal Refinishing & Chrome Site, FL, 65455 Tobacco, 65385–65386 Madison County Sanitary Landfill Site, FL, 65455–65456 PROPOSED RULES Loan and purchase programs: Equal Employment Opportunity Commission Warehouses for interest commodity storage; approval NOTICES standards, 65412–65415 Meetings; Sunshine Act, 65456 Defense Department Executive Office of the President See Air Force Department See Presidential Documents VerDate jul<14>2003 18:33 Nov 19, 2003 Jkt 203001 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 4748 Sfmt 4748 E:\FR\FM\20NOCN.SGM 20NOCN IV Federal Register / Vol. 68, No. 224 / Thursday, November 20, 2003 / Contents Farm Credit Administration See National Institutes of Health PROPOSED RULES Farm credit system: Homeland Security Department Loan policies and operations, etc.— See Coast Guard Young, beginning, and small farmers and ranchers, and NOTICES aquatic products producers or harvesters, 65417 Agency information collection activities; proposals, submissions, and approvals, 65462–65465 Federal Aviation Administration RULES Indian Affairs Bureau Air traffic operating and flight rules, etc.: IFR altitudes, 65390–65392 NOTICES Class E airspace, 65389–65390 Environmental statements; notice of intent: PROPOSED RULES Stockbridge-Munsee Casino; Sullivan County, NY, Class E airspace, 65417–65418 65467–65468 NOTICES Exemption petitions; summary and disposition, 65488 Industry and Security Bureau Correction, 65488 NOTICES Passenger facility charges; applications, etc.: Meetings: Dubuque Regional Airport, IA, 65488–65489 Regulations and Procedures Technical Advisory Committee, 65437 Federal Highway Administration RULES Interior Department Engineering and traffic operations: Uniform Traffic Control Devices Manual for streets and See Fish and Wildlife
Recommended publications
  • What Is the Difference Between Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides? Pesticide Effects on Food Production
    What is the Difference Between Pesticides, Insecticides and Herbicides? Pesticides are chemicals that may be used to kill fungus, bacteria, insects, plant diseases, snails, slugs, or weeds among others. These chemicals can work by ingestion or by touch and death may occur immediately or over a long period of time. Insecticides are a type of pesticide that is used to specifically target and kill insects. Some insecticides include snail bait, ant killer, and wasp killer. Herbicides are used to kill undesirable plants or “weeds”. Some herbicides will kill all the plants they touch, while others are designed to target one species. Pesticide Effects on Food Production As the human population continues to grow, more and more crops are needed to meet this growing demand. This has increased the use of pesticides to increase crop yield per acre. For example, many farmers will plant a field with Soybeans and apply two doses of Roundup throughout the growing year to remove all other plants and prepare the field for next year’s crop. The Roundup is applied twice through the growing season to kill everything except the soybeans, which are modified to be pesticide resistant. After the soybeans are harvested, there is little vegetative cover on the field creating potential erosion issues for the reason that another crop can easily be planted. With this method, hundreds of gallons of chemicals are introduced into the environment every year. All these chemicals affect wildlife, insects, water quality and air quality. One greatly affected “good” insect are bees. Bees play a significant role in the pollination of the foods that we eat.
    [Show full text]
  • CHLORPYRIFOS 2.5% GRANULAR INSECTICIDE for Professional Use Only
    CHLORPYRIFOS 2.5% GRANULAR INSECTICIDE For professional use only. Not for sale to homeowners. For Control of Various Insects (and Other Arthropods) Infesting Sod Farms, Golf Course Turf, Outdoor Areas around Industrial Plant Sites, and Ornamental Nurseries for Commercial Production Only. Active Ingredient: Chlorpyrifos: O,O-diethyl-0-(3,5,6-trichloro- 2-pyridinyl) phosphorothioate .... 2.5% Other Ingredients ....................... 97.5% Total ............................................ 100.0% FIRST AID ORGANOPHOSPHATE IF SWALLOWED: Call a physician or Poison Control Center. Drink 1 or 2 glasses of water and induce vomiting by touching back of throat with finger, or if available by administering syrup of ipecac. If person is unconscious, do not give anything by mouth and do not induce vomiting. IF ON SKIN: Wash with plenty of soap and water. Get medical attention if irritation persists. IF INHALED: Remove victim to fresh air. If not breathing, give artificial respiration, preferably mouth-to-mouth. Get medical attention. IF IN EYES: Flush eyes with plenty of water. Call a physician if irritation persists. FOR CHEMICAL EMERGENCY: Spill, leak, fire, exposure, or accident call CHEMTREC 1-800-424-9300. Have the product container or label with you when calling a poison control center or doctor, or going for treatment. For more information on this product (including health concerns, medical emergencies, or pesticide incidents), call the National Pesticide Information Center at: 1-800-858-7378. NOT TO PHYSICIAN: Chlorpyrifos is a cholinesterase inhibitor. Treat symptomatically. Atropine, only by injection, is the preferable antidote. PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS HAZARDS TO HUMANS AND DOMESTIC ANIMALS CAUTION: Harmful if swallowed or absorbed through skin or inhaled.
    [Show full text]
  • Historical Use of Lead Arsenate and Survey of Soil Residues in Former Apple Orchards in Virginia
    HISTORICAL USE OF LEAD ARSENATE AND SURVEY OF SOIL RESIDUES IN FORMER APPLE ORCHARDS IN VIRGINIA by Therese Nowak Schooley Thesis submitted to the faculty of the Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of MASTER OF SCIENCE IN LIFE SCIENCES in Entomology Michael J. Weaver, Chair Donald E. Mullins, Co-Chair Matthew J. Eick May 4, 2006 Blacksburg, Virginia Keywords: arsenic, lead, lead arsenate, orchards, soil residues, historical pesticides HISTORICAL USE OF LEAD ARSENATE AND SURVEY OF SOIL RESIDUES IN FORMER APPLE ORCHARDS IN VIRGINIA Therese Nowak Schooley Abstract Inorganic pesticides including natural chemicals such as arsenic, copper, lead, and sulfur have been used extensively to control pests in agriculture. Lead arsenate (PbHAsO4) was first used in apple orchards in the late 1890’s to combat the codling moth, Cydia pomonella (Linnaeus). The affordable and persistent pesticide was applied in ever increasing amounts for the next half century. The persistence in the environment in addition to the heavy applications during the early 1900’s may have led to many of the current and former orchards in this country being contaminated. In this study, soil samples were taken from several apple orchards across the state, ranging from Southwest to Northern Virginia and were analyzed for arsenic and lead. Based on naturally occurring background levels and standards set by other states, two orchards sampled in this study were found to have very high levels of arsenic and lead in the soil, Snead Farm and Mint Spring Recreational Park. Average arsenic levels at Mint Spring Recreational Park and Snead Farm were found to be 65.2 ppm and 107.6 ppm, respectively.
    [Show full text]
  • Imidacloprid Movement Into Fungal Conidia Is Lethal to Mycophagous Beetles
    insects Communication Imidacloprid Movement into Fungal Conidia Is Lethal to Mycophagous Beetles 1, 2, , 3 4 Robin A. Choudhury y , Andrew M. Sutherland * y, Matt J. Hengel , Michael P. Parrella and W. Douglas Gubler 5 1 School of Earth, Environmental, and Marine Sciences, University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, TX 78539, USA; [email protected] 2 University of California Cooperative Extension, Alameda County, Hayward, CA 94544, USA 3 Department of Environmental Toxicology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; [email protected] 4 Department of Entomology, Plant Pathology and Nematology, University of Idaho, Moscow, ID 83844, USA; [email protected] 5 Department of Plant Pathology, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA; [email protected] * Correspondence: [email protected] These authors contributed equally to the writing, design and completion of this work. y Received: 1 July 2020; Accepted: 30 July 2020; Published: 3 August 2020 Simple Summary: Some insects are beneficial to plants because they eat pest insects and disease-causing fungi; integrating the use of these insects into pest management can help to reduce the need for costly pesticide applications. Twenty-spotted ladybeetles eat plant pathogenic fungi, which helps to reduce disease severity for many economically important crops. In this study, we applied a systemic insecticide to the roots of pumpkin plants and monitored to see if it would be detectable in the spores of a plant pathogenic fungus and whether the insecticide-tainted fungal spores would hurt the ladybeetle larvae. We were able to chemically detect the systemic insecticide in the fungal spores up to 21 days after the plants had been treated with the fungus.
    [Show full text]
  • Endosulfan 3EC Insecticide
    RESTRICTED USE PESTICIDE Due to acute toxicity to humans, aquatic organisms, and avian species. For retail sale to and use only by certified applicators or persons under their direct supervision, and only for those uses covered by the certified applicator's certification. Endosulfan 3EC Insecticide For Agricultural or Commercial Use Only. Not for use or storage PRECAUTIONARY STATEMENTS in or around residential sites - see DIRECTIONS FOR USE Hazards to Humans and Domestic Animals / GENERAL INFORMATION for prohibited areas. DANGER: Fatal if swallowed, inhaled, or absorbed through skin. ACTIVE INGREDIENT: Corrosive. Causes irreversible eye damage. Do not get in eyes, on skin or on clothing. Do not breathe vapor or spray mist. Pro- Endosulfan . 34.0% longed or frequently repeated skin contact may cause allergic reactions OTHER INGREDIENTS:*. 66.0% in some individuals. Wash thoroughly with soap and water after handling and before eating, drinking, chewing gum, or using to- TOTAL: . 100.0% bacco. Wear appropriate protective clothing listed below. Remove *This product contains 3 pounds of Endosulfan per gallon. and wash contaminated clothing before reuse. *Contains xylene range aromatic solvent. Do not contaminate food or feed. Keep out of reach of domestic animals. Food utensils such as spoons and measuring cups must KEEP OUT OF REACH OF CHILDREN not be used for food purposes after use in measuring pesticides. PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE) Some materials that are chemical-resistant to this product are made DANGER PELIGRO of barrier laminate or viton. If you want more options, follow the instructions for category G on an EPA chemical-resistance category POISON VENENO selection chart.
    [Show full text]
  • Sound Management of Pesticides and Diagnosis and Treatment Of
    * Revision of the“IPCS - Multilevel Course on the Safe Use of Pesticides and on the Diagnosis and Treatment of Presticide Poisoning, 1994” © World Health Organization 2006 All rights reserved. The designations employed and the presentation of the material in this publication do not imply the expression of any opinion whatsoever on the part of the World Health Organization concerning the legal status of any country, territory, city or area or of its authorities, or concerning the delimitation of its frontiers or boundaries. Dotted lines on maps represent approximate border lines for which there may not yet be full agreement. The mention of specific companies or of certain manufacturers’ products does not imply that they are endorsed or recommended by the World Health Organization in preference to others of a similar nature that are not mentioned. Errors and omissions excepted, the names of proprietary products are distinguished by initial capital letters. All reasonable precautions have been taken by the World Health Organization to verify the information contained in this publication. However, the published material is being distributed without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied. The responsibility for the interpretation and use of the material lies with the reader. In no event shall the World Health Organization be liable for damages arising from its use. CONTENTS Preface Acknowledgement Part I. Overview 1. Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Objectives 2. Overview of the resource tool 2.1 Moduledescription 2.2 Training levels 2.3 Visual aids 2.4 Informationsources 3. Using the resource tool 3.1 Introduction 3.2 Training trainers 3.2.1 Organizational aspects 3.2.2 Coordinator’s preparation 3.2.3 Selection of participants 3.2.4 Before training trainers 3.2.5 Specimen module 3.3 Trainers 3.3.1 Trainer preparation 3.3.2 Selection of participants 3.3.3 Organizational aspects 3.3.4 Before a course 4.
    [Show full text]
  • Chlorpyrifos, Part 1: Toxicology
    JOURNAL OF PESTICIDE REFORM/ WINTER 1994 • VOL.14, NO. 4 ■ INSECTICIDE FACTSHEET CHLORPYRIFOS, PART 1: TOXICOLOGY The broad spectrum organophosphate insecticide chlorpyrifos is the most widely used insecticide in the U.S. Total use is estimated at almost 30 million pounds per year. Like all organophosphate insecticides, chlorpyrifos affects the nervous system by inhibiting an enzyme that is important in the transmission of nerve impulses. Symptoms of acute poisoning include headache, nausea, muscle twitching, and convulsions. Chlorpyrifos poisonings are reported to state and federal agencies more often than poisonings of almost every other insecticide. In both laboratory animals and humans, chlorpyrifos can also cause delayed effects on the nervous system. Some effects have been measured years after exposure. Human birth defects have been associated with exposure to chlorpyrifos products. In pregnant laboratory animals, chlorpyrifos exposure caused fetal death. Pups that did survive were smaller pups and did not survive as well as pups from unexposed mothers. Chlorpyrifos also affects the male reproductive system; exposure to a chlorpyrifos product has caused death of cells in male rat testes and a decrease in sperm production in cattle. Chlorpyrifos has caused genetic damage in human blood and lymph cells, mice spleen cells, and hamster bone marrow cells. Immune system abnormalities have been reported from patients exposed to chlorpyrifos. Many individuals report developing sensitivities to a broad array of substances following chlorpyrifos exposure. The second part of this factsheet will discuss human exposure to chlorpyrifos and the ecological effects of chlorpyrifos. BY CAROLINE COX mary agricultural uses are for oranges, al- plications are made annually.
    [Show full text]
  • Proposed Interim Registration Review Decision for Imidacloprid
    Docket Number EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0844 www.regulations.gov Imidacloprid Proposed Interim Registration Review Decision Case Number 7605 January 2020 Approved by: Elissa Reaves, Ph.D. Acting Director Pesticide Re-evaluation Division Date: __ 1-22-2020 __ Docket Number EPA-HQ-OPP-2008-0844 www.regulations.gov Table of Contents I. INTRODUCTION .................................................................................................................. 4 A. Summary of Imidacloprid Registration Review............................................................... 5 B. Summary of Public Comments on the Draft Risk Assessments and Agency Responses 7 II. USE AND USAGE ............................................................................................................... 14 III. SCIENTIFIC ASSESSMENTS ......................................................................................... 15 A. Human Health Risks....................................................................................................... 15 1. Risk Summary and Characterization .......................................................................... 15 2. Human Incidents and Epidemiology .......................................................................... 17 3. Tolerances ................................................................................................................... 18 4. Human Health Data Needs ......................................................................................... 18 B. Ecological Risks ............................................................................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Organophosphate Insecticides
    CHAPTER 4 HIGHLIGHTS Organophosphate Insecticides Acts through phosphorylation of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme Since the removal of organochlorine insecticides from use, organophosphate at nerve endings insecticides have become the most widely used insecticides available today. More Absorbed by inhalation, than forty of them are currently registered for use and all run the risk of acute ingestion, and skin and subacute toxicity. Organophosphates are used in agriculture, in the home, penetration in gardens, and in veterinary practice. All apparently share a common mecha- Muscarinic, nicotinic & CNS nism of cholinesterase inhibition and can cause similar symptoms. Because they effects share this mechanism, exposure to the same organophosphate by multiple routes or to multiple organophosphates by multiple routes can lead to serious additive Signs and Symptoms: toxicity. It is important to understand, however, that there is a wide range of Headache, hypersecretion, toxicity in these agents and wide variation in cutaneous absorption, making muscle twitching, nausea, specific identification and management quite important. diarrhea Respiratory depression, seizures, loss of consciousness Toxicology Miosis is often a helpful Organophosphates poison insects and mammals primarily by phosphory- diagnostic sign lation of the acetylcholinesterase enzyme (AChE) at nerve endings. The result is a loss of available AChE so that the effector organ becomes overstimulated by Treatment: the excess acetylcholine (ACh, the impulse-transmitting substance) in the nerve Clear airway, improve tissue ending. The enzyme is critical to normal control of nerve impulse transmission oxygenation from nerve fibers to smooth and skeletal muscle cells, glandular cells, and Administer atropine sulfate autonomic ganglia, as well as within the central nervous system (CNS).
    [Show full text]
  • The Facts About Systemic Insecticides and Their Impact on the Environment and Bee Pollinators
    The Facts About Systemic Insecticides and Their Impact on the Environment and Bee Pollinators By Richard S. Cowles Ph.D. Connecticut Agricultural Experiment Station Is imidacloprid safe to use for controlling insect pests feeding these large trees. Sadly, these trees were only treated once (in on urban trees? Are insecticides like imidacloprid responsible for 2002), and recently died because the treatment was not contin- Colony Collapse Disorder of honey bees? This article will try to ued. Research has shown that the effective dosages for imidaclo- provide some guidance and respond to these questions. prid are exponentially related to the diameter of the tree trunk. As trees increase in size they require higher insecticide dosage Neonicotinoid Insecticides and Arboriculture rates to fully protect the tree. This has been demonstrated in research trials using soil applied imidacloprid on hemlocks for Imidacloprid is one of a growing class of insecticides (neoni- control of hemlock woolly adelgid1 and on ash trees for control of cotinoids) that have, since the announcement of their discovery emerald ash borer.2 Exploring the relationship between minimum in 1989, become mainstays in agricultural, pest control and land- effective dosage and the size of trees for various insect pests scape pest management. Two active ingredients of this class are should be a fertile subject for further study. A deep understand- commonly used in arboriculture: imidacloprid (CoreTect, Merit ing of the dose/tree size/pest relationships can lead to optimal or Xytect) and dinotefuran (Safari and Transtect). One of the rea- use of these insecticides in the environment and therefore reduce sons this class of insecticides has become so important is its the risk of non-target impacts.
    [Show full text]
  • Methiocarb (132)
    531 METHIOCARB (132) EXPLANATION Methiocarb, or mercaptodimethur, an insecticide, acaricide, molluscicide, and bird repellent was identified by the 1995 CCPR as a candidate for periodic review (ALINORM 95/24A, Annex 1). It was scheduled for toxicological and residue reviews by the 1998 and 1999 JMPR respectively (ALINORM 97/24A, Appendix III). The most recent extensive reviews of methiocarb residue chemistry were in 1981 and 1983. The manufacturer is Bayer AG. IDENTITY ISO common name: methiocarb mercaptodimethur Chemical names: IUPAC: 4-methylthio-3,5xylyl methylcarbamate CA: 3,5-dimethyl-4-(methylthio)phenyl methylcarbamate CAS Number: 2032-65-7 CIPAC Number: 165 Synonyms: BAY 37344 Mesurol Structural formula: CH3 S O CH3 H3C N O CH3 Molecular formula: C11H15NO2S Molecular weight: 225.3 Physical and chemical properties Pure active ingredient Vapour pressure: 0.015 mPa at 20°C 0.036 mPa at 25°C Melting point: 119°C 532 methiocarb Octanol/water partition Coefficient: log Pow = 3.11 at 20°C and pH 4 log Pow = 3.18 at 20°C and pH 7 degradation at pH 9 log Pow = 3.08 at 20°C unbuffered (Krohn, 1995) Solubility: 0.027 g/l at 20°C in water (Krohn, 1989) 1.3 g/l at 20°C in n-hexane 33 g/l at 20°C in toluene >200 g/l at 20°C in dichloromethane 53 g/l at 20°C in 2-propanol Specific gravity: 1.236 g/cm3 at 20°C Hydrolysis: half-lives of 763 days, 28 days, and 2.2 days at pH 5, 7, and 9 respectively (Saakvitne, 1981).
    [Show full text]
  • Imidacloprid Fact Sheet
    Proposed Groundwater Standards Wis. Admin. Code NR 140 Cycle 10 Imidacloprid How is it used in Wisconsin? A standard will help homeowners and state agencies make Imidacloprid is a neonicotinoid insecticide that is used decisions about future water use and potential public health widely in Wisconsin. It is the active ingredient in a large concerns. number of insecticide products used to control soil insect What are the proposed standards? pests, insects that feed on plant tissues, structures, and pets. • Enforcement standard: 0.2 µg/L (micrograms per liter) Its largest volume of use is in agriculture products as seed • treatments and spraying leaves for corn, soybeans, beans, Preventive action limit standard: 0.02 µg/L potatoes, small grains, vegetables, fruit crops, and more. It is Has this substance been detected above the also used in non-agriculture products in pet and companion proposed groundwater standards? animal collars and sprays, in products for residential trees Yes. Since 2006, for private wells it has been detected in and ornamentals, and in products used in and around homes 55 samples above the proposed enforcement standard and for ants, roaches and other household pests. It was first in 75 samples above the proposed preventive action limit. registered by the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency in The highest concentration of imidacloprid detected in a 1994. private well sample by DATCP was 2.19 µg/L. Of the What are some products that contain this 208 monitoring well samples, it has been detected at substance? concentrations of 0.0512–6.7 µg/L. Some common products that use imidacloprid include Where can I find more information? ® ® Admire (soil and leaf pests), Advantage (flea control pet • Information about this and other neonicotinoid ® collars and sprays), Gaucho (seed treatment), Imicide insecticides: ® (ornamental tree pests), Merit (for commercial nurseries https://datcp.wi.gov/Documents/NeonicotinoidReport.pdf ® and lawn and landscape pest control), and Premise (for • Health-based standards: termites and structural pests).
    [Show full text]