Leadership, Leadership Role Models Concept Questions
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Uploaded Exclusively for ManagementParadise.com Page 1 of 42 LEADERSHIP, LEADERSHIP ROLE MODELS CONCEPT QUESTIONS: Give examples of µborn¶ leaders and µmade¶ leaders. Born leader are the ones who have inborn qualities of an leader. Where else in case of made leader it is often an mentor who shapes a leader. Examples of such leader are given below: Born leader: Dhirubhai Ambani, JRD Tata, Bal Thackeray Made leader: K.M.Birla, Anil Ambani, Ratan Tata, I.K.Gujral, The difference is only of degree and no one can be identified as being completely born leader or made leader. Management Styles A management style is a distinctive way in which Planning, Organising, Actuating, Controlling and other management functions are performed. Given the many choices in the performance of each management function, an almost limitless number of management styles can be visualized. In reality, however one encounters far fewer styles. This is because styles tend to be internally coherent. If a management chooses to coordinate activities participatively, it is also likely to set goals, develop strategies, control operations, etc. participatively rather than in an authoritarian manner. Styles tend to crystallize around major management convictions and commitments. That is, their cores tend to be ideological in character, and commitment to a core management ideology- of risk-taking in business or conservatism, professionalism in hiring staff or intuitive choices, and so on- is likely to shape the rest of the style. These commitments are not randomly generated. Nor are they exclusively the commitments of the person who happens to be the CEO, although undoubtedly the CEO usually does play a significant role in the evolution of a style of management. The style evolved has to be viable, that is it has to be able to measure up to real-life situations. A good deal of learning from experience plays a major part in the styles emergence. Social processes within the ranks of management, such as information and experience sharing, Uploaded Exclusively for ManagementParadise.com Page 2 of 42 advocacy of points of view, political deals and so forth, also play a part. The purpose for which the organisation is set up and the social, legal and economic environment, in which it operates, too contribute to the viability of the style of management. Good and Bad styles of Management Human beings are an interesting species; they often talk about lofty ideals and perfection but practice quite the opposite. Determined by the super-ego and identity, human behavior may be repulsive or sublime. Hence the style of management adopted is an expression of the thoughts in the mind of the decision makers and leaders. Depending upon these thoughts the style could be good or bad. i.e. socially desirable or undesirable. In society, µgood styles¶ are referred as professional and participative. If there is variety in excellence, there is variety in incompetence. The corporate sickness and dysfunctional forms of bureaucracy and professional management have uncovered a large number of bad forms of management. Describe the role of µKarta¶ in a Hindu Undivided Family: Karta is the head of a µHindu Undivided Family¶ more commonly known as an HUF. The Karta of an HUF is the supreme authority in business matters. He is the leader of this organization. The other members of the family i.e. the co-parceners are not allowed to have their say in the matters relating to the organization. It is usually the Head of the family who is named the Karta. DESCRIPTIVE QUESTIONS Q 1)Critically analyze the leadership style and its central characteristic of the Indian leading industrialist: Rahul Bajaj , Dhirubhai Ambani, Mr. N.R Narayan Murthy and J.R.D.Tata Rahul Bajaj Rahul Bajaj is the man who can be given credit for building Bajaj auto are the 4th largest two-wheeler manufacturer in the world. He has achieved an incredible growth rate of Uploaded Exclusively for ManagementParadise.com Page 3 of 42 1852% in the last decade. Following are some of the points that explain the reason of his success. y Education: Bajaj is a highly educated person. He has done his BA (Hons) and is a management graduate from Harward. y Concentration of Core Competency: Rahul Bajaj collaborated with Kawasaki for production of motorcycle but for scooter he did not go for any collaboration. Manufacturing scooters is his core competency and he does not want to experiment with that. y Customer is King: Bajaj has often been accused of exploiting the customers with delivery period of 10 years, black marketing, etc. but this is not true at the face value. A deeper insight brings to picture that there were other elements who are responsible for these accuses. Bajaj, in spite of a heavy demand, did not raise the price of his scooters and avoided exploitation of customers. y Staunch believer in himself: Bajaj listens to each and everyone, but takes decision on his own. His organisation is a little centralized. In spite of strong oppositions, he sticks to his decisions. y Never give up attitude: µLicence Raj¶ was a nightmare for Bajaj. He does not believe in bringing Government officials and getting his license cleared. This is a major reason why Bajaj Auto came under MRTP and was allowed to expand its production capacity. But he did not give up to the Government conditions and after some years, done lobbying through business housed and putting tremendous pressure on Government learn his license. y Jach Welch¶s theory: Rahul Bajaj holds same views of Mr. Jack Welch, the former CEO of GE. He believes that if one is no No 1 or No 2, he should get out from that business. This principle kept him away from the four-wheeler market. y Attitude towards workers: Bajaj has less kind of words for workers. Still, there has been only one strike in the history of 35 years of the company. He takes care of the needs of the workers and at the same time, he views workers as a tool for production. In his word¶ ³Why do they strike and lose wages? They should work more, earn more´ Uploaded Exclusively for ManagementParadise.com Page 4 of 42 y BBC: Rahul Bajaj is well known for his unflinching frankness and varied opinion on every topic under the sun. His office is therefore popularly known as BBC (Bajaj Broadcasting Corporation) y Straightforwardness: His quotes about the Governnment have found place in the headlines of many leading newspapers and magazines in India and have also raised controversies. But this does not stop him from doing what he considers correct. All the above features are the hallmark of Bajaj. They has earned him a rare reputation as one of India¶s most successful industrialists. Squeaky clean, he has never been involved in shady takeovers. He does not engage in street fights, nor has he ever hijacked someone else¶s project. He hasn¶t burnt tyres during hard drive for meteoric growth. On the contrary, he is something of a plodder, routinely burning the midnight oil, and devoted to the virtues of hard work. He¶s India¶s most admired industrialist along with Dhirubhai Ambani and the late Adity Birla. Dhirubhai Ambani When we talk about Indian leaders one name, which we cannot miss out, is Dhirubhai Ambani. He has voyaged through a journey of rags to riches. He was born on 28th December 1932 to a local schoolteacher in a village called Chorwad, in Junagadh district, Gujarat. Dhirubhai has been an opportunist right from his childhood. All he needed was the whiff of a business opportunity and he was off to tap it. During the Mahashivratri fair, he would sell µganthia¶ a gujaratri savoury to earn money. Due to shortage of money, he left education after matriculation and went to Aden to earn money. He worked for almost eight years in a petrol station where he learned about oil business until a day came when he was bitten by the entrepreneurial bug. He came back to Bombay to start his own business. He took a loan with which he started Reliance Commercial Corporation, which has been a stepping-stone to one of India¶s largest Corporation. They were involved in general merchandising. Uploaded Exclusively for ManagementParadise.com Page 5 of 42 Dhirubhai has always shown all the critical leadership qualities. He would always grab an opportunity and strike on it. He then started his yarn business in the 60¶s and then he build his own spinning mill in 1966 known as Reliance Textile industries. He believed that if a person wants to succeed in something then he should have complete access to information on that topic. Whenever he wanted to approach the government to get licenses, information about the competitors, market size etc. he would collect all these information, no matter at what cost it came. He also believes in destiny and gives all the credit to his luck. This shows how down to earth he is. Even today he has a simple ritual of Puja when a new machine is installed. He isn¶t proud of what he is and he still believes in µSimple thinking, Modern thinking.¶ He always followed the rule to be the pioneer/first to do anything. He would just grab an opportunity that would come up because of some government policy changes and would implement it successfully. He believed not in meeting demand but in creating demand. He always produced in large quantities. He was of the opinion that customer should be provided with best quality goods at the lowest price. Moreover Dhirubhai as opposed to most other leaders wasn¶t expert in only one field.