W O R Ld Flo O R Ball C H Am Pio N Sh Ips 2014
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This is an Accepted Manuscript of a chapter published in Me- dia Convergence Handbook Vol. 1. Journalism, Broadcasting, and Social Media Aspects of Convergence To cite this article: Villi, Mikko, Matikainen, Janne and Khaldarova, Irina (2015) Recommend, Tweet, Share: User-Distributed Content (UDC) and the Convergence of News Media and Social Networks. In Media Convergence Handbook Vol. 1. Journalism, Broadcast- ing, and Social Media Aspects of Convergence, edited by Ar- tur Lugmayr and Cinzia Dal Zotto. Heidelberg: Springer, 289- 306. 2 Recommend, Tweet, Share: User- Distributed Content (UDC) and the Convergence of News Media and Social Networks Mikko Villi [email protected] Janne Matikainen [email protected] Irina Khaldarova [email protected] Abstract The paper explores how the participatory audience dis- seminates the online content produced by news media. Here, user- distributed content (UDC) acts as a conceptual framework. The con- cept of UDC refers to the process by which the mass media con- verge with the online social networks through the intentional use of social media features and platforms in order to expand the number of content delivery channels and maximize visibility online. The focus of the paper is both on the news media’s internal use (social plugins) and external use (Facebook pages, Twitter accounts) of social media tools and platforms in content distribution. The study draws on the examination of fifteen news media in seven countries. The data con- sists of almost 50,000 news items and the communicative activity surrounding them. The three main findings of the study are: (1) the audience shares online news content actively by using social plugins, (2) the activity of the news media in social media (especial- ly on Facebook and Twitter) impacts the activity of the audience, and (3) the news media are more active on Twitter than on Face- 3 book, despite the fact that the audience is often more active on Face- book. -
Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020
Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Reuters Institute Digital News Report 2020 Nic Newman with Richard Fletcher, Anne Schulz, Simge Andı, and Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Supported by Surveyed by © Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism / Digital News Report 2020 4 Contents Foreword by Rasmus Kleis Nielsen 5 3.15 Netherlands 76 Methodology 6 3.16 Norway 77 Authorship and Research Acknowledgements 7 3.17 Poland 78 3.18 Portugal 79 SECTION 1 3.19 Romania 80 Executive Summary and Key Findings by Nic Newman 9 3.20 Slovakia 81 3.21 Spain 82 SECTION 2 3.22 Sweden 83 Further Analysis and International Comparison 33 3.23 Switzerland 84 2.1 How and Why People are Paying for Online News 34 3.24 Turkey 85 2.2 The Resurgence and Importance of Email Newsletters 38 AMERICAS 2.3 How Do People Want the Media to Cover Politics? 42 3.25 United States 88 2.4 Global Turmoil in the Neighbourhood: 3.26 Argentina 89 Problems Mount for Regional and Local News 47 3.27 Brazil 90 2.5 How People Access News about Climate Change 52 3.28 Canada 91 3.29 Chile 92 SECTION 3 3.30 Mexico 93 Country and Market Data 59 ASIA PACIFIC EUROPE 3.31 Australia 96 3.01 United Kingdom 62 3.32 Hong Kong 97 3.02 Austria 63 3.33 Japan 98 3.03 Belgium 64 3.34 Malaysia 99 3.04 Bulgaria 65 3.35 Philippines 100 3.05 Croatia 66 3.36 Singapore 101 3.06 Czech Republic 67 3.37 South Korea 102 3.07 Denmark 68 3.38 Taiwan 103 3.08 Finland 69 AFRICA 3.09 France 70 3.39 Kenya 106 3.10 Germany 71 3.40 South Africa 107 3.11 Greece 72 3.12 Hungary 73 SECTION 4 3.13 Ireland 74 References and Selected Publications 109 3.14 Italy 75 4 / 5 Foreword Professor Rasmus Kleis Nielsen Director, Reuters Institute for the Study of Journalism (RISJ) The coronavirus crisis is having a profound impact not just on Our main survey this year covered respondents in 40 markets, our health and our communities, but also on the news media. -
A Critical Policy Analysis on Swedish Regulation of Public Officials
From Public Service to Corporate Positions: A Critical Policy Analysis on Swedish Regulation of Public Officials Transitioning to Non-State Activities Heraclitos Muhire Supervisor: Isabel Schoultz Examiner: Måns Svensson Abstract The topic of government and state officials leaving public service for the private sector has been a recurring talking point in the last decades with multiple countries in the OECD enacting different forms of regulation to contain potential conflicts of interest. In Sweden, legislation specifically regulating the phenomenon was not passed until 2018, when the Act Concerning Restrictions in the Event of Ministers and State Secretaries Transitioning to Non- state Activities (2018:676) (henceforth the Act) was enacted. The Act came with caveats such as the lack of sanctions in case of breach against the regulation as well as only limiting its legal subjects to ministers and state secretaries. This thesis investigates the problem representation that led to the provisions in the Act by conducting Bacchi & Goodwin’s (2016) policy analysis called What’s the Problem Represented to Be (WPR approach) on the legislative history of the Act. By employing Gramsci’s (1971) theoretical concepts of ideology and hegemony and Fisher’s (2009) capitalist realism, the thesis finds that the legislative history sees the issue of transitions between public and private sector as a problem if individuals misuse the otherwise positive exchange of information and knowledge between the public sector and private sector which could erode public trust in state institutions. The findings also indicate that the legislative history does not highlight the role of the private sector, e.g. -