Internet Censorship in Iran: a First Look
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Webproxy, DNS Hijacking, Layer Seven Level Security Approach: to Protect SAAS from Web Based DDOS and Web Service Based DDOS Attacks in Cloud
International Journal of Engineering Research & Technology (IJERT) ISSN: 2278-0181 Vol. 2 Issue 2, February- 2013 Webproxy, DNS Hijacking, Layer Seven Level Security Approach: To Protect SAAS From Web based DDOS and Web Service Based DDOS Attacks In Cloud S.Tamilselvi1, Dr.S.Tamilarasi2,S.Loganathan3 1. M. tech , ISCF, Dr.mgr educational and research institute, chennai 2. Associate Professor, CSE, Dr.mgr educational and research institute, chennai 3.Assistant Professor, ECE, Paavai Engineering College , Namakkal, Tamil Nadu ABSTRACT Cloud services offers platform services, software services, infrastructure services via web services. Cloud computing is an emerging trend in business these type of services increases vulnerability which world. Provide services to its customers on demand, invite attackers. common vulnerabilities are services like Infrastructure services , Platform services , Software services , Network services so Security level attacks: on. Resources are maintained in the virtualIJERT IJERT datacenters for both private and public clouds. Saas 1. Dictionary attacks contains web application services, windows 2. Brute force attacks application services, tools services, console 3. Spoofing application services, third party software services so 4. Credential theft on. In web application services web based distributed 5. Password cracking denial and web services based distributed denial of attack is easily implemented hacker because web Management level attacks: application transmitted through hypertext transfer protocol and web services through XML, WSDL .In 1. Credential theft 2. Elevation of privileges this paper we introduce DNS hijacking security, Web 3. luring proxy implementation, application level security to resolve web based and web services based distributed Infrastructure layer security attacks: denial of service attacks. 1. -
Peer-To-Peer Protocol and Application Detection Support
Peer-to-Peer Protocol and Application Detection Support This appendix lists all the protocols and applications currently supported by Cisco ASR 5500 ADC. • Supported Protocols and Applications, page 1 Supported Protocols and Applications This section lists all the supported P2P protocols, sub-protocols, and the applications using these protocols. Important Please note that various client versions are supported for the protocols. The client versions listed in the table below are the latest supported version(s). Important Please note that the release version in the Supported from Release column has changed for protocols/applications that are new since the ADC plugin release in August 2015. This will now be the ADC Plugin Build number in the x.xxx.xxx format. The previous releases were versioned as 1.1 (ADC plugin release for December 2012 ), 1.2 (ADC plugin release for April 2013), and so on for consecutive releases. New in this Release This section lists the supported P2P protocols, sub-protocols and applications introduced in the ADC Plugin release for December 1, 2017. ADC Administration Guide, StarOS Release 21.6 1 Peer-to-Peer Protocol and Application Detection Support New in this Release Protocol / Client Client Version Group Classification Supported from Application Release 6play 6play (Android) 4.4.1 Streaming Streaming-video ADC Plugin 2.19.895 Unclassified 6play (iOS) 4.4.1 6play — (Windows) BFM TV BFM TV 3.0.9 Streaming Streaming-video ADC Plugin 2.19.895 (Android) Unclassified BFM TV (iOS) 5.0.7 BFM — TV(Windows) Clash Royale -
Everyone's Guide to Bypassing Internet Censorship
EVERYONE’S GUIDE TO BY-PASSING INTERNET CENSORSHIP FOR CITIZENS WORLDWIDE A CIVISEC PROJECT The Citizen Lab The University of Toronto September, 2007 cover illustration by Jane Gowan Glossary page 4 Introduction page 5 Choosing Circumvention page 8 User self-assessment Provider self-assessment Technology page 17 Web-based Circumvention Systems Tunneling Software Anonymous Communications Systems Tricks of the trade page 28 Things to remember page 29 Further reading page 29 Circumvention Technologies Circumvention technologies are any tools, software, or methods used to bypass Inter- net filtering. These can range from complex computer programs to relatively simple manual steps, such as accessing a banned website stored on a search engine’s cache, instead of trying to access it directly. Circumvention Providers Circumvention providers install software on a computer in a non-filtered location and make connections to this computer available to those who access the Internet from a censored location. Circumvention providers can range from large commercial organi- zations offering circumvention services for a fee to individuals providing circumven- tion services for free. Circumvention Users Circumvention users are individuals who use circumvention technologies to bypass Internet content filtering. 4 Internet censorship, or content filtering, has become a major global problem. Whereas once it was assumed that states could not control Internet communications, according to research by the OpenNet Initiative (http://opennet.net) more than 25 countries now engage in Internet censorship practices. Those with the most pervasive filtering policies have been found to routinely block access to human rights organi- zations, news, blogs, and web services that challenge the status quo or are deemed threatening or undesirable. -
Infoblox White Paper
Enterprise Strategy Group | Getting to the bigger truth.™ White Paper Enterprise DNS Security By Jon Oltsik, Senior Principal Analyst March 2018 This ESG White Paper was commissioned by Infoblox and is distributed under license from ESG. © 2018 by The Enterprise Strategy Group, Inc. All Rights Reserved. White Paper: Enterprise DNS Security 2 Contents Executive Summary ................................................................................................................................................................. 3 The State of Cybersecurity in 2018 ......................................................................................................................................... 3 DNS and Cybersecurity ............................................................................................................................................................ 5 DNS for Cybersecurity Advantage ....................................................................................................................................... 5 Enterprise-Class Secure DNS ................................................................................................................................................... 6 Enter Infoblox ActiveTrust Suite (Cloud and On-premises) ................................................................................................ 7 The Bigger Truth ..................................................................................................................................................................... -
The Poetics of Commitment in Modern Persian: a Case of Three Revolutionary Poets in Iran
The Poetics of Commitment in Modern Persian: A Case of Three Revolutionary Poets in Iran by Samad Josef Alavi A dissertation submitted in partial satisfaction of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Studies in the Graduate Division of the University of California, Berkeley Committee in Charge: Professor Shahwali Ahmadi, Chair Professor Muhammad Siddiq Professor Robert Kaufman Fall 2013 Abstract The Poetics of Commitment in Modern Persian: A Case of Three Revolutionary Poets in Iran by Samad Josef Alavi Doctor of Philosophy in Near Eastern Studies University of California, Berkeley Professor Shahwali Ahmadi, Chair Modern Persian literary histories generally characterize the decades leading up to the Iranian Revolution of 1979 as a single episode of accumulating political anxieties in Persian poetics, as in other areas of cultural production. According to the dominant literary-historical narrative, calls for “committed poetry” (she‘r-e mota‘ahhed) grew louder over the course of the radical 1970s, crescendoed with the monarch’s ouster, and then faded shortly thereafter as the consolidation of the Islamic Republic shattered any hopes among the once-influential Iranian Left for a secular, socio-economically equitable political order. Such a narrative has proven useful for locating general trends in poetic discourses of the last five decades, but it does not account for the complex and often divergent ways in which poets and critics have reconciled their political and aesthetic commitments. This dissertation begins with the historical assumption that in Iran a question of how poetry must serve society and vice versa did in fact acquire a heightened sense of urgency sometime during the ideologically-charged years surrounding the revolution. -
Women Musicians and Dancers in Post-Revolution Iran
Negotiating a Position: Women Musicians and Dancers in Post-Revolution Iran Parmis Mozafari Submitted in accordance with the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy The University of Leeds School of Music January 2011 The candidate confIrms that the work submitted is her own and that appropriate credit has been given where reference has been made to the work of others. This copy has been supplied on the understanding that it is copyright material and that no quotation from the thesis may be published without proper acknowledgement. 2011 The University of Leeds Parmis Mozafari Acknowledgment I would like to express my gratitude to ORSAS scholarship committee and the University of Leeds Tetly and Lupton funding committee for offering the financial support that enabled me to do this research. I would also like to thank my supervisors Professor Kevin Dawe and Dr Sita Popat for their constructive suggestions and patience. Abstract This research examines the changes in conditions of music and dance after the 1979 revolution in Iran. My focus is the restrictions imposed on women instrumentalists, dancers and singers and the ways that have confronted them. I study the social, religious, and political factors that cause restrictive attitudes towards female performers. I pay particular attention to changes in some specific musical genres and the attitudes of the government officials towards them in pre and post-revolution Iran. I have tried to demonstrate the emotional and professional effects of post-revolution boundaries on female musicians and dancers. Chapter one of this thesis is a historical overview of the position of female performers in pre-modern and contemporary Iran. -
Digital Authoritarianism and the Global Threat to Free Speech Hearing
DIGITAL AUTHORITARIANISM AND THE GLOBAL THREAT TO FREE SPEECH HEARING BEFORE THE CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA ONE HUNDRED FIFTEENTH CONGRESS SECOND SESSION APRIL 26, 2018 Printed for the use of the Congressional-Executive Commission on China ( Available at www.cecc.gov or www.govinfo.gov U.S. GOVERNMENT PUBLISHING OFFICE 30–233 PDF WASHINGTON : 2018 VerDate Nov 24 2008 12:25 Dec 16, 2018 Jkt 081003 PO 00000 Frm 00001 Fmt 5011 Sfmt 5011 C:\USERS\DSHERMAN1\DESKTOP\VONITA TEST.TXT DAVID CONGRESSIONAL-EXECUTIVE COMMISSION ON CHINA LEGISLATIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS Senate House MARCO RUBIO, Florida, Chairman CHRIS SMITH, New Jersey, Cochairman TOM COTTON, Arkansas ROBERT PITTENGER, North Carolina STEVE DAINES, Montana RANDY HULTGREN, Illinois JAMES LANKFORD, Oklahoma MARCY KAPTUR, Ohio TODD YOUNG, Indiana TIM WALZ, Minnesota DIANNE FEINSTEIN, California TED LIEU, California JEFF MERKLEY, Oregon GARY PETERS, Michigan ANGUS KING, Maine EXECUTIVE BRANCH COMMISSIONERS Not yet appointed ELYSE B. ANDERSON, Staff Director PAUL B. PROTIC, Deputy Staff Director (ii) VerDate Nov 24 2008 12:25 Dec 16, 2018 Jkt 081003 PO 00000 Frm 00002 Fmt 0486 Sfmt 0486 C:\USERS\DSHERMAN1\DESKTOP\VONITA TEST.TXT DAVID C O N T E N T S STATEMENTS Page Opening Statement of Hon. Marco Rubio, a U.S. Senator from Florida; Chair- man, Congressional-Executive Commission on China ...................................... 1 Statement of Hon. Christopher Smith, a U.S. Representative from New Jer- sey; Cochairman, Congressional-Executive Commission on China .................. 4 Cook, Sarah, Senior Research Analyst for East Asia and Editor, China Media Bulletin, Freedom House ..................................................................................... 6 Hamilton, Clive, Professor of Public Ethics, Charles Sturt University (Aus- tralia) and author, ‘‘Silent Invasion: China’s Influence in Australia’’ ............ -
Godaddy – Domain Hijacking
Domain Hijacking Matthew C. Stith, Spamhaus Eddy Winstead, ISC April 29th, 2020 https://www.isc.org What we’re going to covering • What why and how of domain hijacking • Examples of various hijacking methods • High profile stories about hijacked domains • What can be done to protect domains and networks • Q&A 2 What is Domain Hijacking? • Malicious actors gaining access to the DNS records of a legitimate domains (which they do not own): • In some cases only the root domain’s DNS is changed. This is reflected in the WHOIS. • In other cases a new host (subdomain) is created with new DNS settings. This practice is called domain shadowing. This is not visible at the WHOIS level. 3 Why is it exploited? These following two factors lead to a positive reputation: • The age of the domain • The legitimacy of the domain Meaning many of these domains could be able to send email or serve content without much scrutiny from content or reputation filters. 4 How is it happening? Phishing Social Compromised Exploiting Malware engineering DNS weaknesses in applications 5 Investigating domain hijacking • Passive DNS data is collected with special Client queries local DNS resolver Passive DNS Data probes activated on a DNS Resolver. Domain not included in cache • The probes record anonymized cache Data from Query external root server recursive miss. segment is recorded • Data is collected through DNS recursive Domain not found servers. Query top level domain server • Simple and extensive search functionalities make this data easy to Domain not found Client -
Telex | Anticensorship in the Network Infrastructure
Telex | Anticensorship in the Network Infrastructure Eric Wustrow Scott Wolchok Ian Goldberg* J. Alex Halderman University of Michigan *University of Waterloo Background | Internet Censorship No censorship Some censorship Country under surveillance from Reports Without Borders Most heavily censored nations 2 Background | Network-based Censorship Government censors Block websites containing “offensive” content Commonly employ blacklist approach Observed techniques IP blocking, DNS blackholes, forged RST packets Popular countermeasures Mostly proxy based — Tor, Freenet, Ultrasurf, … Problem: Cat-and-mouse game Need to communicate proxy addresses to users but not to censors, or else they’ll be blocked too! 3 Our Approach | Telex Operates in the network infrastructure Components placed at ISP between the censor's network and non -blocked portions of the Internet. We call this end-to-middle proxying Focuses on avoiding detection by the censor Complements anonymity systems such as Tor Employs a form of deep-packet inspection Turns common censor technology on its head Has no secrets to communicate to users in advance Relies instead on public -key steganography Provides state-level response to state censorship We envision government incentives for ISPs 4 Telex | Threat Model Censor … controls client’s network, but not external network … blocks according to a blacklist … allows HTTPS connections to non-blocked sites 5 Telex | Overview 6 Telex | Overview 7 Telex | Overview 8 Telex | Overview 9 Telex | Overview 10 Telex | Overview 11 Details | Telex-TLS Handshake 1. Client starts TLS connection to NotBlocked.com TLS ClientHello[nonce= ] .com ked c c NotBlo 2. Station recognizes using private key, but Censor can’t tell from normal random nonce 12 Details | Telex-TLS Handshake 3. -
Ethical Hacking
Ethical Hacking Alana Maurushat University of Ottawa Press ETHICAL HACKING ETHICAL HACKING Alana Maurushat University of Ottawa Press 2019 The University of Ottawa Press (UOP) is proud to be the oldest of the francophone university presses in Canada and the only bilingual university publisher in North America. Since 1936, UOP has been “enriching intellectual and cultural discourse” by producing peer-reviewed and award-winning books in the humanities and social sciences, in French or in English. Library and Archives Canada Cataloguing in Publication Title: Ethical hacking / Alana Maurushat. Names: Maurushat, Alana, author. Description: Includes bibliographical references. Identifiers: Canadiana (print) 20190087447 | Canadiana (ebook) 2019008748X | ISBN 9780776627915 (softcover) | ISBN 9780776627922 (PDF) | ISBN 9780776627939 (EPUB) | ISBN 9780776627946 (Kindle) Subjects: LCSH: Hacking—Moral and ethical aspects—Case studies. | LCGFT: Case studies. Classification: LCC HV6773 .M38 2019 | DDC 364.16/8—dc23 Legal Deposit: First Quarter 2019 Library and Archives Canada © Alana Maurushat, 2019, under Creative Commons License Attribution— NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ Printed and bound in Canada by Gauvin Press Copy editing Robbie McCaw Proofreading Robert Ferguson Typesetting CS Cover design Édiscript enr. and Elizabeth Schwaiger Cover image Fragmented Memory by Phillip David Stearns, n.d., Personal Data, Software, Jacquard Woven Cotton. Image © Phillip David Stearns, reproduced with kind permission from the artist. The University of Ottawa Press gratefully acknowledges the support extended to its publishing list by Canadian Heritage through the Canada Book Fund, by the Canada Council for the Arts, by the Ontario Arts Council, by the Federation for the Humanities and Social Sciences through the Awards to Scholarly Publications Program, and by the University of Ottawa. -
Islamic Republic of Iran (Persian)
Coor din ates: 3 2 °N 5 3 °E Iran Irān [ʔiːˈɾɒːn] ( listen)), also known اﯾﺮان :Iran (Persian [11] [12] Islamic Republic of Iran as Persia (/ˈpɜːrʒə/), officially the Islamic (Persian) ﺟﻣﮫوری اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾران Jomhuri-ye ﺟﻤﮭﻮری اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾﺮان :Republic of Iran (Persian Eslāmi-ye Irān ( listen)),[13] is a sovereign state in Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān Western Asia.[14][15] With over 81 million inhabitants,[7] Iran is the world's 18th-most-populous country.[16] Comprising a land area of 1,648,195 km2 (636,37 2 sq mi), it is the second-largest country in the Middle East and the 17 th-largest in the world. Iran is Flag Emblem bordered to the northwest by Armenia and the Republic of Azerbaijan,[a] to the north by the Caspian Sea, to the Motto: اﺳﺗﻘﻼل، آزادی، ﺟﻣﮫوری اﺳﻼﻣﯽ northeast by Turkmenistan, to the east by Afghanistan Esteqlāl, Āzādi, Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi and Pakistan, to the south by the Persian Gulf and the Gulf ("Independence, freedom, the Islamic of Oman, and to the west by Turkey and Iraq. The Republic") [1] country's central location in Eurasia and Western Asia, (de facto) and its proximity to the Strait of Hormuz, give it Anthem: ﺳرود ﻣﻠﯽ ﺟﻣﮫوری اﺳﻼﻣﯽ اﯾران geostrategic importance.[17] Tehran is the country's capital and largest city, as well as its leading economic Sorud-e Melli-ye Jomhuri-ye Eslāmi-ye Irān ("National Anthem of the Islamic Republic of Iran") and cultural center. 0:00 MENU Iran is home to one of the world's oldest civilizations,[18][19] beginning with the formation of the Elamite kingdoms in the fourth millennium BCE. -
DNS and the DNS Cache Poisoning Attack
Lecture 17: DNS and the DNS Cache Poisoning Attack Lecture Notes on “Computer and Network Security” by Avi Kak ([email protected]) June 25, 2021 3:21pm ©2021 Avinash Kak, Purdue University Goals: The Domain Name System BIND Configuring BIND Running BIND on your Ubuntu laptop Light-Weight Nameservers (and how to install them) DNS Cache Poisoning Attack Writing Perl and Python code for cache poisoning attacks Dan Kaminsky’s More Virulent DNS Cache Poisoning Attack CONTENTS Section Title Page 17.1 Internet, Harry Potter, and the Magic of DNS 3 17.2 DNS 5 17.3 An Example That Illustrates Extensive DNS 13 Lookups in Even the Simplest Client-Server Interactions 17.4 The Domain Name System and The dig Utility 28 17.5 host, nslookup, and whois Utilities for Name 42 Lookup 17.6 Creating a New Zone and Zone Transfers 45 17.7 DNS Cache 48 17.7.1 The TTL Time Interval 51 17.8 BIND 56 17.8.1 Configuring BIND 58 17.8.2 An Example of the named.conf Configuration File 64 17.8.3 Running BIND on Your Ubuntu Laptop 68 17.9 What Does it Mean to Run a Process in a 70 chroot Jail? 17.10 Phishing versus Pharming 73 17.11 DNS Cache Poisoning 74 17.12 Writing Perl and Python Code for Mounting a 81 DNS Cache Poisoning Attack 17.13 Dan Kaminsky’s More Virulent Exploit for 92 DNS Cache Poisoning 17.14 Homework Problems 99 Computer and Network Security by Avi Kak Lecture 17 Back to TOC 17.1 INTERNET, HARRY POTTER, AND THE MAGIC OF DNS If you have read Harry Potter, you are certainly familiar with the use of owl mail by the wizards and the witches.