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Use and Occupancy Classification

Use and Occupancy Classification

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CHAPTER 3 USE AND OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION

SECTION 301 2. A or space used for assembly purposes with an GENERAL occupant load of less than 50 persons and accessory 301.1 Scope. The provisions of this chapter shall control the clas- to another occupancy shall be classified as a Group B sification of all and structures as to use and occupancy. occupancy or as part of that occupancy. 3. A room or space used for assembly purposes that is 2 SECTION 302 less than 750 square feet (70 m ) in area and accessory CLASSIFICATION to another occupancy shall be classified as a Group B occupancy or as part of that occupancy. 302.1 General. Structures or portions of structures shall be clas- sified with respect to occupancy in one or more of the groups 4. Assembly areas that are accessory to Group E occu- listed below. A room or space that is intended to be occupied at pancies are not considered separate occupancies different times for different purposes shall comply with all of the except when applying the assembly occupancy requirements that are applicable to each of the purposes for requirements of Chapter 11. which the room or space will be occupied. Structures with multi- 5. Accessory religious educational and religious ple occupancies or uses shall comply with Section 508. Where a auditoriums with occupant loads of less than 100 are structure is proposed for a purpose that is not specifically pro- not considered separate occupancies. vided for in this code, such structure shall be classified in the Assembly occupancies shall include the following: group that the occupancy most nearly resembles, according to the and relative hazard involved. A-1 Assembly uses, usually with fixed seating, intended for the production and viewing of the performing arts or 1. Assembly (see Section 303): Groups A-1, A-2, A-3, motion pictures including, but not limited to: A-4 and A-5 Motion picture theaters 2. Business (see Section 304): Group B Symphony and concert halls 3. Educational (see Section 305): Group E and radio studios admitting an audience 4. Factory and Industrial (see Section 306): Groups F-1 Theaters and F-2 A-2 Assembly uses intended for food and/or drink con- 5. High Hazard (see Section 307): Groups H-1, H-2, H-3, sumption including, but not limited to: H-4 and H-5 Banquet halls 6. Institutional (see Section 308): Groups I-1, I-2, I-3 and Night clubs I-4 Taverns and bars 7. Mercantile (see Section 309): Group M A-3 Assembly uses intended for worship, recreation or 8. Residential (see Section 310): Groups R-1, R-2, R-3 amusement and other assembly uses not classified else- and R-4 where in Group A including, but not limited to: 9. Special residence for assisted self-preservation (see Amusement arcades Appendix SR): Groups SR-1, SR-2, SR-3 and SR-4 Art galleries 10. Storage (see Section 311): Groups S-1 and S-2 Bowling alleys 11. Utility and Miscellaneous (see Section 312): Group U Community halls Courtrooms Dance halls (not including food or drink consump- SECTION 303 tion) ASSEMBLY GROUP A Exhibition halls 303.1 Assembly Group A. Assembly Group A occupancy Funeral parlors includes, among others, the use of a or structure, or a Gymnasiums (without spectator seating) portion thereof, for the gathering of persons for purposes such Indoor swimming pools (without spectator seating) as civic, social or religious functions; recreation, food or drink Indoor tennis courts (without spectator seating) consumption or awaiting transportation. Lecture halls Libraries Exceptions: Museums 1. A building or tenant space used for assembly pur- Places of religious worship poses with an occupant load of less than 50 persons Pool and billiard parlors shall be classified as a Group B occupancy. Waiting areas in transportation terminals

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USE AND OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION

A-4 Assembly uses intended for viewing of indoor sporting 2. The smoke control zone in which the lockup cells are events and activities with spectator seating including, located shall be provided with an automatic fire sprinkler but not limited to: system complying with Chapter 9 requirements for Arenas Group I-3 occupancies. Skating rinks 3. The smoke control zone in which the lockup area is Swimming pools located shall be provided with an automatic smoke Tennis courts detection system installed in accordance with the Fire A-5 Assembly uses intended for participation in or viewing Code Group I-3 occupancies. outdoor activities including, but not limited to: 4. The combined occupant load of the holding cells shall structures not exceed five. Bleachers Grandstands Stadiums SECTION 305 EDUCATIONAL GROUP E 305.1 Educational Group E. Educational Group E occupancy SECTION 304 includes, among others, the use of a building or structure, or a BUSINESS GROUP B portion thereof, by six or more persons at any one time for edu- 304.1 Business Group B. Business Group B occupancy cational purposes through the 12th grade. Religious educa- includes, among others, the use of a building or structure, or a tional rooms and religious auditoriums, which are accessory to places of religious worship portion thereof, for , professional or -type transac- in accordance with Section 303.1 occupant loads tions, including storage of records and accounts. Business and have of less than 100, shall be classified as occupancies shall include, but not be limited to, the following: A-3 occupancies. Airport traffic control towers 305.2 Day care. The use of a building or structure, or portion thereof, for educational, supervision or personal care services Ambulatory health care facilities 1 Animal , kennels and pounds for more than five children older than 2 /2 years of age, shall be classified as a Group E occupancy. Barber and beauty shops wash Civic administration SECTION 306 Clinic—outpatient FACTORY GROUP F Dry cleaning and laundries: pick-up and delivery stations 306.1 Factory Industrial Group F. Factory Industrial Group and self-service F occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building or Educational occupancies for students above the 12th grade structure, or a portion thereof, for assembling, disassembling, Electronic data processing fabricating, finishing, , packaging, repair or pro- Laboratories: testing and research cessing operations that are not classified as a Group H hazard- Motor showrooms ous or Group S storage occupancy. Post 306.2 Factory Industrial F-1 Moderate-hazard Occupancy. Print shops Factory industrial uses which are not classified as Factory (architects, attorneys, dentists, physi- Industrial F-2 Low Hazard shall be classified as F-1 Moderate cians, engineers, etc.) Hazard and shall include, but not be limited to, the following: Radio and television stations Telephone exchanges Aircraft (manufacturing, not to include repair) Training and skill development not within a school or aca- Appliances demic program Athletic equipment Automobiles and other motor 304.1.1 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, Bakeries for the purposes of this section and as used elsewhere in this Beverages: over 16-percent alcohol content code, have the meanings shown herein. Bicycles CLINIC, OUTPATIENT. Buildings or portions thereof Boats used to provide medical care on less than a 24-hour basis to Brooms or brushes individuals who are not rendered incapable of self-preserva- Business tion by the services provided. Cameras and photo equipment Canvas or similar fabric 304.2 Lockup facilities. Buildings containing lockup facili- and rugs (includes cleaning) ties, as defined in ORS 169.005(4), shall comply with the fol- Clothing lowing provisions: and agricultural machinery 1. Areas containing lockup facilities shall be separated Disinfectants from other rooms, spaces or areas by an approved smoke Dry cleaning and barrier (see Section 909.5). Electric generation plants

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USE AND OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION

Electronics top of roofs or canopies shall be classified as outdoor storage or (including rebuilding) use and shall comply with the Fire Code. Food processing Exceptions: The following shall not be classified as Group

Hemp products H, but shall be classified as the occupancy that they most Jute products nearly resemble. ➡ Laundries products 1. Buildings and structures occupied for the applica- Machinery tion of flammable finishes, provided that such build- Metals ings or areas conform to the requirements of Section Millwork (sash and door) 416 and the Fire Code. Motion pictures and television filming (without spectators) 2. Wholesale and and storage of flammable Musical instruments and combustible liquids in mercantile occupancies Optical conforming to the Fire Code. mills or products Photographic film 3. Closed piping system containing flammable or products combustible liquids or gases utilized for the opera- or tion of machinery or equipment. Recreational vehicles 4. Cleaning establishments that utilize combustible Refuse incineration liquid solvents having a flash point of 140°F (60°C) Shoes or higher in closed systems employing equipment and detergents listed by an approved testing agency, provided that Textiles this occupancy is separated from all other areas of Tobacco the building by 1-hour fire barriers constructed in Trailers accordance with Section 707 or 1-hour horizontal Upholstering assemblies constructed in accordance with Section Wood; distillation 712, or both. (cabinet) 5. Cleaning establishments that utilize a liquid solvent 306.3 Factory Industrial F-2 Low-hazard Occupancy. Fac- having a flash point at or above 200°F (93°C). tory industrial uses that involve the fabrication or manufactur- 6. stores and distributors without bulk storage. ing of noncombustible materials which during finishing, packing or processing do not involve a significant fire hazard 7. Refrigeration systems. shall be classified as F-2 occupancies and shall include, but not 8. The storage or utilization of materials for agricul- be limited to, the following: tural purposes on the premises. Beverages: up to and including 16-percent alcohol content 9. Stationary batteries utilized for facility emergency Brick and masonry power, uninterrupted power supply or telecommu- products nication facilities, provided that the batteries are provided with safety venting caps and ventilation is Glass products provided in accordance with the Mechanical Code. Ice 10. Corrosives shall not include personal or household Metal products (fabrication and assembly) products in their original packaging used in retail Wood barrel and bottled wine aging facilities in wineries display or commonly used building materials. 11. Buildings and structures occupied for aerosol stor- age shall be classified as Group S-1, provided that SECTION 307 such buildings conform to the requirements of the HIGH-HAZARD GROUP H Fire Code. 12. Display and storage of nonflammable solid and non- [F] 307.1 High-hazard Group H. High-hazard Group H occu- flammable or noncombustible liquid hazardous pancy includes, among others, the use of a building or struc- materials in quantities not exceeding the maximum ture, or a portion thereof, that involves the manufacturing, allowable quantity per control area in Group M or S processing, generation or storage of materials that constitute a occupancies complying with Section 414.2.5. physical or health hazard in quantities in excess of those allowed in control areas complying with Section 414, based on 13. The storage of black powder, smokeless propellant the maximum allowable quantity limits for control areas set and small arms primers in Groups M and R-3 and forth in Tables 307.1(1) and 307.1(2). Hazardous occupancies special industrial devices in Groups B, F, are classified in Groups H-1, H-2, H-3, H-4 and H-5 and shall M and S, provided such storage conforms to the be in accordance with this section, the requirements of Section quantity limits and requirements prescribed in the 415 and the Fire Code. Hazardous materials stored, or used on Fire Code.

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USE AND OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION f g g g g g f b d d d g d d d d d d d d d, h 30 10 NL NL 80 30 (1) (1) (2) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A (10) (25) (50) 3,300 (0.25) (0.25) (0.25) (0.25) (0.25) (1,000) (pounds) Liquid gallons f g g g g g d d d d g d d 1 1 2 NL NL 10 25 50 (20) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 USE-OPEN SYSTEMS (200) 1,000 (cubic feet) Solid pounds a, j, m, n, p d, e NL NL Gas N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/AN/A N/A N/A 10 10 N/A N/AN/A N/A N/A 30 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A at NTP) 1,000 (cubic feet b f f g g g g g d d g d d, e d d d g d d d d d, h (1) 30 NL NL (1) (2) N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 25 N/A N/A N/A 120 330 120 (50) (50) (125) (250) (0.25) (0.25) (0.25) (0.25) (0.25) 13,200 (150) (4,000) (pounds) Liquid gallons USE-CLOSED SYSTEMS f g g g g g d d d g d g d d 1 1 2 NL NL 50 50 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A 125 250 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 0.25 (100) 4,000 (1,000) (cubic feet) Solid pounds d, e NL NL Gas N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/AN/A N/A N/A 45 45 N/A N/AN/A N/A N/A 120 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A at NTP) 1,000 (cubic feet b e, f (continued) e, f d, e d, e d, e A OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS POSING A PHYSICAL HAZARD e, g d, e d, e d d d, e d, e d, e e, g e, g e, g e, g e, g d, e e, g d, e d, e, h [F] TABLE 307.1(1) NL NL N/A N/A N/A N/A N/AN/A N/AN/A N/A N/AN/A N/A N/A 125 N/A N/A N/A 30 (1) (1) (1) (5) (5) (1) (1) 120 330 120 (50) (50) (10) (125) (250) (150) (pounds) 13,200 (4,000) STORAGE Liquid gallons e, f d, e d, e d, e e, g d, e d, e d, e, l d, e, l e, g e, g e, g e, g e, g d, e e, g d, e, g NL NL 1 1 1 5 1 5 1 N/A 120 N/A N/A N/A N/A 50 50 10 1 (100) 125 250 (1,000) 125 4,000 (cubic feet) Solid pounds H-1 H-1 H-3 H-3 H-1 H-1 H-2 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-3 H-2 N/A H-1 H-2 H-3 H-3 N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A N/A or H-3 or H-3 EXCEEDED H-1 or H-2 H-2 or H-3 H-2 or H-3 H-2 or H-3 QUANTITY IS ALLOWABLE GROUP WHEN THE MAXIMUM o k I 2 1 4 II II V 3 III IV 1A UD IIIB N/A IIIA 1.4G H-3 125 Baled Loose Gaseous Gaseous Liquefied Liquefied 1B and 1C Division 1.1 Division 1.2 Division 1.3 Division 1.4 Division 1.5 Division 1.6 Division 1.4G MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL ARE c, i c MATERIAL CLASS Combustible liquid Combustible fiber Cryogenics, inertCryogenics, oxidizingExplosives N/A N/A H-3 N/A N/A N/AFlammable liquid, combination (1A, 1B, 1C) Flammable solid N/A 45 NL N/A N/A H-3 N/A 125 NL N/A N/A (Class C, Common) Cryogenics, flammable N/A H-2 N/A 45 Flammable gas Inert gas Flammable liquid Oxidizer Organic peroxide

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USE AND OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION g b d d d d NL NL (1) (1) N/A N/A (10) (10) (0.25) (pounds) Liquid gallons g d d d d 00 1 1 10 NL 10 NL N/A N/A 0.25 USE-OPEN SYSTEMS ons. In retail and wholesale sales (cubic feet) Solid pounds a, j, m, n, p d, e g d, e d, e e, g 10 NL 2 Gas N/A N/A N/A N/A 10 250 at NTP) 1,500 (cubic feet b ures or in listed safety cans in accordance with Section nd 414.2.5(2). ses, operation or sanitation of equipment. Storage contain- g 3.1.1. d d d, e g d d cent of the gross weight of the fireworks, including packaging, th Section 903.3.1.1. Where Note e also applies, the increase for of water-miscible liquids with the remainder of the solutions not NL NL (5) (1) (1) N/A (50) (50) (0.25) (150) (pounds) ual containers not exceeding 1.3 gall Liquid gallons USE-CLOSED SYSTEMS g d d g d d 1 1 5 50 NL 50 NL N/A N/A 0.25 (cubic feet) Solid pounds . tion 414.2.5, see Tables 414.2.5(1) a m in accordance with Section 903. d, e . g d, e e, g d, e NL 10 Gas N/A N/A N/A N/A 50 50 Fire Code 250 at NTP) 1,500 (cubic feet Fire Code b d, e tics containing not more than 50 percent by volume A OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS POSING A PHYSICAL HAZARD d, e d, e e, g e, g d, e d, e . NL NL N/A (1) (5) (4) (5) (50) (50) (150) (pounds) STORAGE Liquid gallons [F] TABLE 307.1(1)—continued with an automatic sprinkler syste zers is allowed when such materials are necessary for maintenance purpo n approved storage cabinets, day boxes, gas cabinets or exhausted enclos Fuel Gas Code. d, e d, e oup S occupancies complying with Sec Mechanical Code e, g e, g d, e d, e NL NL 5 1 5 N/A N/A 50 50 t weight of the of the fireworks is not known, 25 per (cubic feet) ings equipped throughout with an automatic sprinkler system in accordance wi Solid pounds upancies shall not be limited providing the liquids are packaged in individ s are packaged in individual containers not exceeding 1.3 gallons. tic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. quirements of ISO 8115 shall not be included in this material class. per control area of Class IA, IB or IC flammable liquids. uipment operated in accordance with this code. H-3 H-1 H-3 H-2 H-3 N/A N/A uel oil storage complying with Section 603.3.2 of the by 10 in accordance with Section 2703.1.2 of the EXCEEDED H-1 or H-2 QUANTITY IS ALLOWABLE GROUP WHEN THE MAXIMUM ffs, consumer or industrial products, and cosme its in parenthesis at the head of each column. 4 3 2 1 3 2 1 Gaseous Liquefied , 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 gallon = 3.785 L. 3 . Where Note d also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively. MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL ARE Fire Code MATERIAL CLASS 1. Liquid or gaseous fuel2. in Liquid fuel or tanks gaseous on fuel vehicles. 3. in Gaseous fuel fuels tanks in on piping motorized4. systems eq Liquid and fuels fixed appliances in regulated piping by systems the and fixed appliances regulated by the shall be used. ers and the manner of storage shall be approved. 2703.9.10 of the both notes shall be applied accumulatively. occupancies, the quantities of medicines, foodstu being flammable, shall not be limited, provided that such material Oxidizing gas Pyrophoric material N/A H-2 4 Unstable (reactive) Water reactive m.For gallons of liquids, dividen. the amount For in storage pounds and displayo. quantities Densely in packed Group baled M cotton andp. that storage The complies quantities following with in shall the Gr not packing be re included in determining the maximum allowable quantities: l. Net weight of the pyrotechnic composition of the fireworks. Where the ne j. Quantities in parenthesisk. indicate quantity A maximum un quantity of 200 pounds of solid or 20 gallons of liquid Class 3 oxidi g. Permitted only in buildings equipped throughout with an automa h. Containing not more thani. the maximum The allowable maximum quantity allowable quantity shall not apply to f f. The permitted quantities shall not be limited in a building equipped throughout e. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent when stored i d. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent in build NL = Not Limited; N/Aa. = Not For Applicable; use UD of = controlb. Unclassified areas, Detonable The see aggregate Section quantity 414.2. inc. use and The quantities storage of shall alcoholic beverages not in retail exceed and the wholesale sales quantity occ listed for storage. For SI: 1 cubic foot = 0.028 m

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USE AND OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION

[F] TABLE 307.1(2) MAXIMUM ALLOWABLE QUANTITY PER CONTROL AREA OF HAZARDOUS MATERIAL POSING A HEALTH HAZARDa, b, c, i STORAGEd USE-CLOSED SYSTEMSd USE-OPEN SYSTEMSd Solid pounds Liquid gallons Gas (cubic feet Solid Liquid gallons Gas (cubic feet Solid Liquid gallons MATERIAL (cubic feet) (pounds)e, f at NTP)e poundse (pounds)e at NTP)e poundse (pounds)e Gaseous 810f Gaseous 810f Corrosive 5,000 500 Liquefied 5,000 500 Liquefied 1,000 100 (150)h (150)h Gaseous 20g Gaseous 20g Highly toxic 10 (10)h 10 (10)i 3 (3)i Liquefied (4)g, h Liquefied (4)g, h Gaseous 810f Gaseous 810f Toxic 500 (500)h Liquefied 500 (500)i Liquefied 125 (125) (150)f, h (150)f, h For SI: 1 cubic foot = 0.028 m3, 1 pound = 0.454 kg, 1 gallon = 3.785 L. a. For use of control areas, see Section 414.2. b. In retail and wholesale sales occupancies, the quantities of medicines, foodstuffs, consumer or industrial products, and , containing not more than 50 per- cent by volume of water-miscible liquids and with the remainder of the solutions not being flammable, shall not be limited, provided that such materials are pack- aged in individual containers not exceeding 1.3 gallons. c. For storage and display quantities in Group M and storage quantities in Group S occupancies complying with Section 414.2.5, see Tables 414.2.5(1) and 414.2.5(2). d. The aggregate quantity in use and storage shall not exceed the quantity listed for storage. e. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent in buildings equipped throughout with an approved automatic sprinkler system in accordance with Section 903.3.1.1. Where Note f also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively. f. Maximum allowable quantities shall be increased 100 percent when stored in approved storage cabinets, gas cabinets or exhausted enclosures as specified in the ➡ Fire Code. Where Note e also applies, the increase for both notes shall be applied accumulatively. g. Allowed only when stored in approved exhausted gas cabinets or exhausted enclosures as specified in the Fire Code. h. Quantities in parenthesis indicate quantity units in parenthesis at the head of each column. i. For gallons of liquids, divide the amount in pounds by 10 in accordance with Section 2703.1.2 of theFire Code.

307.1.1 Hazardous materials. Hazardous materials in any AEROSOL CONTAINER. A metal can or a glass or plastic quantity shall conform to the requirements of this code, bottle designed to dispense an aerosol. Metal cans shall be lim- including Section 414, and the International Fire Code. ited to a maximum size of 33.8 fluid ounces (1000 ml). Glass or 307.1.2 Storage of Class 1.4G (Class C Common) fire- plastic bottles shall be limited to a maximum size of 4 fluid works. A permanent building used for the temporary storage ounces (118 ml). of 1.4G (Class C) fireworks as authorized by a retail sales per- BALED COTTON. A natural seed fiber wrapped in and mit under ORS 480.127 may be classified as either a Group M, secured with accepted materials, usually consisting of Group S-1 or a detached Group U occupancy provided: burlap, woven polypropylene, polyethylene or cotton or sheet 1. The total amount of 1.4G retail fireworks is less than polyethylene, and secured with steel, synthetic or wire bands or 5,000 pounds (2268 kg) gross weight; or wire; also includes linters (lint removed from the cottonseed) and motes (residual materials from the ginning process). 2. When the building is protected by an approved auto- matic sprinkler system and the amount of 1.4G retail BALED COTTON, DENSELY PACKED. Cotton made into fireworks is less than 10,000 pounds (4636 kg) gross banded bales with a packing density of at least 22 pounds per weight. cubic foot (360 kg/m3), and dimensions complying with the fol- [F] 307.2 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, lowing: a length of 55 inches (1397 ± 20 mm), a width of 21 for the purposes of this section and as used elsewhere in this inches (533.4 ± 20 mm) and a height of 27.6 to 35.4 inches (701 code, have the meanings shown herein. to 899 mm). AEROSOL. A product that is dispensed from an aerosol con- BARRICADE. A structure that consists of a combination of tainer by a propellant. walls, floor and roof, which is designed to withstand the rapid Aerosol products shall be classified by means of the calcula- release of energy in an explosion and which is fully confined, tion of their chemical heats of and shall be desig- partially vented or fully vented; or other effective method of nated Level 1, 2 or 3. shielding from explosive materials by a natural or artificial bar- rier. Level 1 aerosol products. Those with a total chemical heat of combustion that is less than or equal to 8,600 British ther- Artificial barricade. An artificial mound or revetment a mal units per pound (Btu/lb) (20 kJ/g). minimum thickness of 3 feet (914 mm). Level 2 aerosol products. Those with a total chemical heat Natural barricade. Natural features of the ground, such as of combustion that is greater than 8,600 Btu/lb (20 kJ/g), but hills, or timber of sufficient density that the surrounding less than or equal to 13,000 Btu/lb (30 kJ/g). exposures that require protection cannot be seen from the Level 3 aerosol products. Those with a total chemical heat magazine or building containing when the trees combustion that is greater than 13,000 Btu/lb (30 kJ/g). are bare of leaves.

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USE AND OCCUPANCY CLASSIFICATION

BOILING POINT. The temperature at which the vapor pres- 2. Liquefied compressed gases are gases that, in a packag- sure of a liquid equals the atmospheric pressure of 14.7 pounds ing under the charged pressure, are partially liquid at a per square inch (psi) (101 kPa) gage or 760 mm of mercury. temperature of 68°F (20°C). Where an accurate boiling point is unavailable for the material 3. Compressed gases in solution are nonliquefied gases that in question, or for mixtures which do not have a constant boil- are dissolved in a solvent. ing point, for the purposes of this classification, the 20-percent evaporated point of a distillation performed in accordance with 4. Compressed gas mixtures consist of a mixture of two or ASTM D 86 shall be used as the boiling point of the liquid. more compressed gases contained in a packaging, the hazard of which are represented by the proper- CLOSED SYSTEM. The use of a solid or liquid hazardous ties of the mixture as a whole. material involving a closed vessel or system that remains closed during normal operations where vapors emitted by the CONTROL AREA. Spaces within a building where quanti- product are not liberated outside of the vessel or system and the ties of hazardous materials not exceeding the maximum allow- product is not exposed to the atmosphere during normal opera- able quantities per control area are stored, dispensed, used or tions; and all uses of compressed gases. Examples of closed handled. See also the definition of “Outdoor control area” in systems for solids and liquids include product conveyed the Fire Code. through a piping system into a closed vessel, system or piece of CORROSIVE. A chemical that causes visible destruction of, equipment. or irreversible alterations in, living tissue by chemical action at the point of contact. A chemical shall be considered corrosive COMBUSTIBLE DUST. Finely divided solid material that is if, when tested on the intact skin of albino rabbits by the method 420 microns or less in diameter and which, when dispersed in described in DOTn 49 CFR, Part 173.137, such a chemical air in the proper proportions, could be ignited by a flame, destroys or changes irreversibly the structure of the tissue at the or other source of ignition. Combustible dust will pass through point of contact following an exposure period of 4 hours. This a U.S. No. 40 standard sieve. term does not refer to action on inanimate surfaces. COMBUSTIBLE FIBERS. Readily ignitable and free-burn- CRYOGENIC FLUID. A liquid having a boiling point lower ing materials in a fibrous or shredded form, such as cocoa fiber, than -150°F (-101°C) at 14.7 pounds per square inch atmo- cloth, cotton, excelsior, hay, hemp, henequen, istle, jute, kapok, sphere (psia) (an absolute pressure of 101 kPa). oakum, rags, sisal, Spanish moss, straw, tow, wastepaper, cer- tain synthetic fibers or other like materials. This definition does DAY BOX. A portable magazine designed to hold explosive not include densely packed baled cotton. materials constructed in accordance with the requirements for a Type 3 magazine as defined and classified in Chapter 33 of COMBUSTIBLE LIQUID. A liquid having a closed cup the Fire Code. flash point at or above 100°F (38°C). Combustible liquids shall be subdivided as follows: DEFLAGRATION. An exothermic reaction, such as the extremely rapid oxidation of a flammable dust or vapor in air, Class II. Liquids having a closed cup flash point at or above in which the reaction progresses through the unburned material

100°F (38°C) and below 140°F (60°C). at a rate less than the velocity of sound. A deflagration can have Class IIIA. Liquids having a closed cup flash point at or an explosive effect. ➡ above 140°F (60°C) and below 200°F (93°C). DETONATION. An exothermic reaction characterized by the presence of a shock wave in the material which establishes and Class IIIB. Liquids having a closed cup flash point at or maintains the reaction. The reaction zone progresses through above 200°F (93°C). the material at a rate greater than the velocity of sound. The The category of combustible liquids does not include com- principal heating mechanism is one of shock compression. pressed gases or cryogenic fluids. Detonations have an explosive effect. COMPRESSED GAS. A material, or mixture of materials, DISPENSING. The pouring or transferring of any material that: from a container, tank or similar vessel, whereby vapors, dusts, fumes, mists or gases are liberated to the atmosphere. 1. Is a gas at 68°F (20°C) or less at 14.7 pounds per square inch atmosphere (psia) (101 kPa) of pressure; and EXPLOSION. An effect produced by the sudden violent expansion of gases, which may be accompanied by a shock 2. Has a boiling point of 68°F (20°C) or less at 14.7 psia wave or disruption, or both, of enclosing materials or struc- (101 kPa) which is either liquefied, nonliquefied or in tures. An explosion could result from any of the following: solution, except those gases which have no other health- or physical-hazard properties are not considered to be 1. Chemical changes such as rapid oxidation, deflagration compressed until the pressure in the packaging exceeds or detonation, decomposition of molecules and runaway 41 psia (282 kPa) at 68°F (20°C). polymerization (usually detonations). The states of a compressed gas are categorized as follows: 2. Physical changes such as pressure tank ruptures. 1. Nonliquefied compressed gases are gases, other than 3. Atomic changes (nuclear fission or fusion). those in solution, which are in a packaging under the EXPLOSIVE. A chemical compound, mixture or device, the charged pressure and are entirely gaseous at a tempera- primary or common purpose of which is to function by explo- ture of 68°F (20°C). sion. The term includes, but is not limited to, dynamite, black

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powder, pellet powder, initiating explosives, detonators, safety Division 1.5. Very insensitive explosives. This division fuses, squibs, detonating cord, igniter cord, igniters and display is comprised of substances that have a mass explosion fireworks, 1.3G (Class B, Special). hazard, but that are so insensitive there is very little prob- The term “explosive” includes any material determined to be ability of initiation or of transition from burning to deto- within the scope of USC Title 18: Chapter 40 and also includes nation under normal conditions of . any material classified as an explosive other than consumer Division 1.6. Extremely insensitive articles which do not fireworks, 1.4G (Class C, Common) by the hazardous materi- have a mass explosion hazard. This division is comprised als regulations of DOTn 49 CFR Parts 100-185. of articles that contain only extremely insensitive deto- nating substances and which demonstrate a negligible High explosive. Explosive material, such as dynamite, probability of accidental initiation or propagation. which can be caused to detonate by means of a No. 8 test blasting cap when unconfined. FIREWORKS. Any composition or device for the purpose of producing a visible or audible effect for pur- Low explosive. Explosive material that will burn or defla- poses by combustion, deflagration or detonation that meets the grate when ignited. It is characterized by a rate of reaction definition of 1.4G fireworks or 1.3G fireworks as set forth that is less than the speed of sound. Examples of low explo- herein. sives include, but are not limited to, black powder; safety ; igniters; igniter cord; fuse lighters; fireworks, 1.3G Fireworks, 1.3G. (Formerly Class B, Special Fireworks.) (Class B, Special) and propellants, 1.3C. Large fireworks devices, which are explosive materials, intended for use in fireworks displays and designed to pro- Mass-detonating explosives. Division 1.1, 1.2 and 1.5 duce audible or visible effects by combustion, deflagration explosives alone or in combination, or loaded into various or detonation. Such 1.3G fireworks include, but are not lim- types of ammunition or containers, most of which can be ited to, containing more than 130 milligrams (2 expected to explode virtually instantaneously when a small grains) of explosive composition, aerial shells containing portion is subjected to fire, severe concussion, impact, the more than 40 grams of pyrotechnic composition, and other impulse of an initiating agent or the effect of a considerable display pieces which exceed the limits for classification as discharge of energy from without. Materials that react in 1.4G fireworks. Such 1.3G fireworks are also described as this manner represent a mass explosion hazard. Such an fireworks, UN0335 by the DOTn. explosive will normally cause severe structural damage to adjacent objects. Explosive propagation could occur imme- Fireworks, 1.4G. (Formerly Class C, Common Fireworks.) diately to other items of ammunition and explosives stored Small fireworks devices containing restricted amounts of sufficiently close to and not adequately protected from the pyrotechnic composition designed primarily to produce vis- initially exploding pile with a time interval short enough so ible or audible effects by combustion. Such 1.4G fireworks that two or more quantities must be considered as one for which comply with the construction, chemical composition quantity-distance purposes. and labeling regulations of the DOTn for fireworks, UN0336, and the U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commis- UN/DOTn Class 1 explosives. The former classification sion (CPSC) as set forth in CPSC 16 CFR: Parts 1500 and system used by DOTn included the terms “high” and “low” 1507, are not explosive materials for the purpose of this explosives as defined herein. The following terms further code. define explosives under the current system applied by DOTn for all explosive materials defined as hazard Class 1 FLAMMABLE GAS. A material that is a gas at 68°F (20°C) materials. Compatibility group letters are used in concert or less at 14.7 pounds per square inch atmosphere (psia) (101 with the division to specify further limitations on each divi- kPa) of pressure [a material that has a boiling point of 68°F sion noted (i.e., the letter G identifies the material as a pyro- (20°C) or less at 14.7 psia (101 kPa)] which: technic substance or article containing a pyrotechnic 1. Is ignitable at 14.7 psia (101 kPa) when in a mixture of 13 substance and similar materials). percent or less by volume with air; or Division 1.1. Explosives that have a mass explosion haz- 2. Has a flammable range at 14.7 psia (101 kPa) with air of ard. A mass explosion is one which affects almost the at least 12 percent, regardless of the lower limit. entire load instantaneously. The limits specified shall be determined at 14.7 psi (101 kPa) Division 1.2. Explosives that have a projection hazard of pressure and a temperature of 68°F (20°C) in accordance but not a mass explosion hazard. with ASTM E 681. Division 1.3. Explosives that have a fire hazard and FLAMMABLE LIQUEFIED GAS. A liquefied compressed either a minor blast hazard or a minor projection hazard gas which, under a charged pressure, is partially liquid at a tem- or both, but not a mass explosion hazard. perature of 68°F (20°C) and which is flammable. Division 1.4. Explosives that pose a minor explosion FLAMMABLE LIQUID. A liquid having a closed cup flash hazard. The explosive effects are largely confined to the point below 100°F (38°C). Flammable liquids are further cate- package and no projection of fragments of appreciable gorized into a group known as Class I liquids. The Class I cate- size or range is to be expected. An external fire must not gory is subdivided as follows: cause virtually instantaneous explosion of almost the Class IA. Liquids having a flash point below 73°F (23°C) entire contents of the package. and a boiling point below 100°F (38°C).

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Class IB. Liquids having a flash point below 73°F (23°C) hour (or less if death occurs within 1 hour) to albino rats and a boiling point at or above 100°F (38°C). weighing between 200 and 300 grams each. Class IC. Liquids having a flash point at or above 73°F Mixtures of these materials with ordinary materials, such as (23°C) and below 100°F (38°C). water, might not warrant classification as highly toxic. While this system is basically simple in application, any hazard evalua- The category of flammable liquids does not include com- tion that is required for the precise categorization of this type of pressed gases or cryogenic fluids. material shall be performed by experienced, technically compe- FLAMMABLE MATERIAL. A material capable of being tent persons. readily ignited from common sources of heat or at a temperature INCOMPATIBLE MATERIALS. Materials that, when of 600°F (316°C) or less. mixed, have the potential to react in a manner that generates FLAMMABLE SOLID. A solid, other than a blasting agent or heat, fumes, gases or byproducts which are hazardous to life or explosive, that is capable of causing fire through friction, . absorption or moisture, spontaneous chemical change, or INERT GAS. A gas that is capable of reacting with other mate- retained heat from manufacturing or processing, or which has an rials only under abnormal conditions such as high tempera- ignition temperature below 212°F (100°C) or which burns so tures, pressures and similar extrinsic physical forces. Within vigorously and persistently when ignited as to create a serious the context of the code, inert gases do not exhibit either physi- hazard. A chemical shall be considered a flammable solid as cal or health properties as defined (other than acting as a simple determined in accordance with the test method of CPSC 16 asphyxiant) or hazard properties other than those of a com- CFR; Part 1500.44, if it ignites and burns with a self-sustained pressed gas. Some of the more common inert gases include flame at a rate greater than 0.1 inch (2.5 mm) per second along its argon, helium, krypton, neon, nitrogen and xenon. major axis. OPEN SYSTEM. The use of a solid or liquid hazardous mate- FLASH POINT. The minimum temperature in degrees Fahren- rial involving a vessel or system that is continuously open to the heit at which a liquid will give off sufficient vapors to form an atmosphere during normal operations and where vapors are ignitable mixture with air near the surface or in the container, but liberated, or the product is exposed to the atmosphere during will not sustain combustion. The flash point of a liquid shall be normal operations. Examples of open systems for solids and determined by appropriate test procedure and apparatus as spec- liquids include dispensing from or into open beakers or con- ified in ASTM D 56, ASTM D 93 or ASTM D 3278. tainers, dip tank and plating tank operations. HANDLING. The deliberate transport by any means to a point OPERATING BUILDING. A building occupied in conjunc- of storage or use. tion with the manufacture, transportation or use of explosive materials. Operating buildings are separated from one another HAZARDOUS MATERIALS. Those chemicals or substances with the use of intraplant or intraline distances. that are physical hazards or health hazards as defined and classi- fied in this section and the International Fire Code, whether the ORGANIC PEROXIDE. An organic compound that contains materials are in usable or waste condition. the bivalent -O-O- structure and which may be considered to be a structural derivative of hydrogen peroxide where one or both HEALTH HAZARD. A classification of a chemical for which of the hydrogen atoms have been replaced by an organic radi- there is statistically significant evidence that acute or chronic cal. Organic peroxides can pose an explosion hazard (detona- health effects are capable of occurring in exposed persons. The tion or deflagration) or they can be shock sensitive. They can term “health hazard” includes chemicals that are toxic or highly also decompose into various unstable compounds over an toxic, and corrosive. extended period of time. HIGHLY TOXIC. A material which produces a lethal dose or Class I. Those formulations that are capable of deflagration lethal concentration that falls within any of the following catego- but not detonation. ries: Class II. Those formulations that burn very rapidly and that 1. A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD50)of50mil- pose a moderate reactivity hazard. ligrams or less per kilogram of body weight when admin- Class III. Those formulations that burn rapidly and that istered orally to albino rats weighing between 200 and 300 pose a moderate reactivity hazard. grams each. Class IV. Those formulations that burn in the same manner 2. A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD )of200 50 as ordinary combustibles and that pose a minimal reactivity milligrams or less per kilogram of body weight when hazard. administered by continuous contact for 24 hours (or less if death occurs within 24 hours) with the bare skin of albino Class V. Those formulations that burn with less intensity rabbits weighing between 2 and 3 kilograms each. than ordinary combustibles or do not sustain combustion and that pose no reactivity hazard. 3. A chemical that has a median lethal concentration (LC50) in air of 200 parts per million by volume or less of gas or Unclassified detonable. Organic peroxides that are capable vapor, or 2 milligrams per liter or less of mist, fume or of detonation. These peroxides pose an extremely high dust, when administered by continuous inhalation for 1 explosion hazard through rapid explosive decomposition.

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OXIDIZER. A material that readily yields or other UNSTABLE (REACTIVE) MATERIAL. A material, other oxidizing gas, or that readily reacts to promote or initiate com- than an explosive, which in the pure state or as commercially bustion of combustible materials and, if heated or contami- produced, will vigorously polymerize, decompose, condense nated, can result in vigorous self-sustained decomposition. or become self-reactive and undergo other violent chemical changes, including explosion, when exposed to heat, friction or Class 4. An oxidizer that can undergo an explosive reaction shock, or in the absence of an inhibitor, or in the presence of due to contamination or exposure to thermal or physical contaminants, or in contact with incompatible materials. shock and that causes a severe increase in the burning rate of Unstable (reactive) materials are subdivided as follows: combustible materials with which it comes into contact. Additionally, the oxidizer causes a severe increase in the Class 4. Materials that in themselves are readily capable of burning rate and can cause spontaneous ignition of combus- detonation or explosive decomposition or explosive reac- tibles. tion at normal temperatures and pressures. This class includes materials that are sensitive to mechanical or local- Class 3. An oxidizer that causes a severe increase in the ized thermal shock at normal temperatures and pressures. burning rate of combustible materials with which it comes in contact. Class 3. Materials that in themselves are capable of detona- tion or of explosive decomposition or explosive reaction but Class 2. An oxidizer that will cause a moderate increase in which require a strong initiating source or which must be the burning rate of combustible materials with which it heated under confinement before initiation. This class comes in contact. includes materials that are sensitive to thermal or mechani- cal shock at elevated temperatures and pressures. Class 1. An oxidizer that does not moderately increase the burning rate of combustible materials. Class 2. Materials that in themselves are normally unstable and readily undergo violent chemical change but do not det- OXIDIZING GAS. A gas that can support and accelerate onate. This class includes materials that can undergo chemi- combustion of other materials. cal change with rapid release of energy at normal PHYSICAL HAZARD. A chemical for which there is evi- temperatures and pressures, and that can undergo violent dence that it is a combustible liquid, cryogenic fluid, explosive, chemical change at elevated temperatures and pressures. flammable (solid, liquid or gas), organic peroxide (solid or liq- Class 1. Materials that in themselves are normally stable but uid), oxidizer (solid or liquid), oxidizing gas, pyrophoric which can become unstable at elevated temperatures and (solid, liquid or gas), unstable (reactive) material (solid, liquid pressure. or gas) or water-reactive material (solid or liquid). WATER-REACTIVE MATERIAL. A material that PYROPHORIC. A chemical with an autoignition tempera- explodes; violently reacts; produces flammable, toxic or other ture in air, at or below a temperature of 130°F (54.4°C). hazardous gases; or evolves enough heat to cause autoignition or ignition of combustibles upon exposure to water or mois- PYROTECHNIC COMPOSITION. A chemical mixture ture. Water-reactive materials are subdivided as follows: that produces visible light displays or sounds through a self-propagating, heat-releasing chemical reaction which is Class 3. Materials that react explosively with water without initiated by ignition. requiring heat or confinement. TOXIC. A chemical falling within any of the following cate- Class 2. Materials that react violently with water or have the gories: ability to boil water. Materials that produce flammable, toxic or other hazardous gases or evolve enough heat to 1. A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD50) of more cause autoignition or ignition of combustibles upon expo- than 50 milligrams per kilogram, but not more than 500 sure to water or moisture. milligrams per kilogram of body weight when adminis- tered orally to albino rats weighing between 200 and 300 Class 1. Materials that react with water with some release of grams each. energy, but not violently. [F] 307.3 High-hazard Group H-1. Buildings and structures 2. A chemical that has a median lethal dose (LD50) of more than 200 milligrams per kilogram, but not more than containing materials that pose a detonation hazard shall be 1,000 milligrams per kilogram of body weight when classified as Group H-1. Such materials shall include, but not administered by continuous contact for 24 hours (or less be limited to, the following: if death occurs within 24 hours) with the bare skin of Detonable pyrophoric materials albino rabbits weighing between 2 and 3 kilograms each. Explosives: 3. A chemical that has a median lethal concentration (LC50) in air of more than 200 parts per million, but not more Division 1.1 than 2,000 parts per million by volume of gas or vapor, or Division 1.2 more than 2 milligrams per liter but not more than 20 mil- Division 1.3 ligrams per liter of mist, fume or dust, when adminis- Exception: Materials that are used and maintained in tered by continuous inhalation for 1 hour (or less if death a form where either confinement or configuration will occurs within 1 hour) to albino rats weighing between not elevate the hazard from a mass fire to mass explo- 200 and 300 grams each. sion hazard shall be allowed in H-2 occupancies.

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Division 1.4 Corrosives Highly toxic materials Exception: Articles, including articles packaged for Toxic materials shipment, that are not regulated as an explosive under Bureau of Alcohol, Tobacco and Firearms regula- [F] 307.7 High-hazard Group H-5 structures. Semiconduc- tions, or unpackaged articles used in process opera- tor fabrication facilities and comparable research and develop- tions that do not propagate a detonation or ment areas in which hazardous production materials (HPM) deflagration between articles shall be allowed in H-3 are used and the aggregate quantity of materials is in excess of occupancies. those listed in Tables 307.1(1) and 307.1(2) shall be classified as Group H-5. Such facilities and areas shall be designed and Division 1.5 constructed in accordance with Section 415.8. Division 1.6 [F] 307.8 Multiple hazards. Buildings and structures containing Organic peroxides, unclassified detonable a material or materials representing hazards that are classified in Oxidizers, Class 4 one or more of Groups H-1, H-2, H-3 and H-4 shall conform to the Unstable (reactive) materials, Class 3 detonable and Class 4 code requirements for each of the occupancies so classified. [F] 307.4 High-hazard Group H-2. Buildings and structures containing materials that pose a deflagration hazard or a hazard from accelerated burning shall be classified as Group H-2. SECTION 308 Such materials shall include, but not be limited to, the follow- INSTITUTIONAL GROUP I ing: 308.1 Institutional Group I. Institutional Group I occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building or structure, or a Class I, II or IIIA flammable or combustible liquids which portion thereof, in which people are cared for or live in a super- are used or stored in normally open containers or sys- vised environment, having physical limitations because of tems, or in closed containers or systems pressurized at health or age are harbored for medical treatment or other care more than 15 psi (103.4 kPa) gage. or treatment, health care, personal care or in which people are Combustible dusts detained for penal or correctional purposes or in which the lib- Cryogenic fluids, flammable erty of the occupants is restricted. Institutional occupancies Flammable gases shall be classified as Group I-1, I-2, I-3 or I-4. Organic peroxides, Class I Oxidizers, Class 3, that are used or stored in normally open 308.2 Group I-1. This occupancy shall include buildings, containers or systems, or in closed containers or systems structures or parts thereof housing more than 16 persons, on a pressurized at more than 15 psi (103 kPa) gage 24-hour basis, who because of age, mental disability or other Pyrophoric liquids, solids and gases, nondetonable reasons, live in a supervised residential environment that pro- Unstable (reactive) materials, Class 3, nondetonable vides personal care services. The occupants are capable of Water-reactive materials, Class 3 responding to an emergency situation without physical assis- tance from staff and are capable of self-preservation. This [F] 307.5 High-hazard Group H-3. Buildings and structures group shall include, but not be limited to, the following: containing materials that readily support combustion or that pose a physical hazard shall be classified as Group H-3. Such Alcohol and drug centers materials shall include, but not be limited to, the following: Assisted living facilities Congregate care residences Class I, II or IIIA flammable or combustible liquids that Convalescent facilities are used or stored in normally closed containers or Group systems pressurized at 15 pounds per square inch gauge Halfway (103.4 kPa) or less Residential board and care facilities Combustible fibers, other than densely packed baled cotton Social rehabilitation facilities Consumer fireworks, 1.4G (Class C, Common) Cryogenic fluids, oxidizing A facility such as the above with five or fewer persons shall Flammable solids be classified as a Group R-3 or shall comply with the Residen- Organic peroxides, Class II and III tial Code in accordance with Section 101.2. A facility such as Oxidizers, Class 2 above, housing at least six and not more than 16 persons, shall Oxidizers, Class 3, that are used or stored in normally be classified as Group R-4. closed containers or systems pressurized at 15 pounds per 308.2.1 Residential facility. A residential facility or por- square inch gauge (103 kPa) or less tion thereof, subject to licensure by the state, where personal Oxidizing gases care is administered for more than 16 persons whose occu- Unstable (reactive) materials, Class 2 pants may require assisted self-preservation shall be classi- Water-reactive materials, Class 2 fied as Group SR-1 occupancy and shall comply with Appendix SR. [F] 307.6 High-hazard Group H-4. Buildings and structures which contain materials that are health hazards shall be classi- 308.3 Group I-2. This occupancy shall include buildings and fied as Group H-4. Such materials shall include, but not be lim- structures used for medical, surgical, psychiatric, , ited to, the following: health or custodial care for persons who are not capable of

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self-preservation. This group shall include, but not be limited 308.4.2 Condition 2. This occupancy condition shall to, the following: include buildings in which free movement is allowed from Child care facilities sleeping areas and any other occupied smoke compartment Detoxification facilities to one or more other smoke compartments. Egress to the Hospitals exterior is impeded by locked exits. Mental hospitals 308.4.3 Condition 3. This occupancy condition shall ➡ Nursing homes include buildings in which free movement is allowed within 308.3.1 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, individual smoke compartments, such as within a residen- for the purposes of this section and as used elsewhere in this tial unit comprised of individual sleeping units and group code, have the meanings shown herein. activity spaces, where egress is impeded by remote-con- trolled release of means of egress from such a smoke com- CHILD CARE FACILITIES. Facilities that provide partment to another smoke compartment. 1 care on a 24-hour basis to more than five children, 2 /2 years of age or less. 308.4.4 Condition 4. This occupancy condition shall include buildings in which free movement is restricted from DETOXIFICATION FACILITIES. Facilities that serve an occupied space. Remote-controlled release is provided to patients who are provided treatment for substance abuse permit movement from sleeping units, activity spaces and on a 24-hour basis and who are incapable of self-preserva- other occupied areas within the smoke compartment to tion or who are harmful to themselves or others. other smoke compartments. HOSPITALS AND MENTAL HOSPITALS. 308.4.5 Condition 5. Buildings or portions thereof used on a 24-hour basis for This occupancy condition shall the medical, psychiatric, obstetrical or surgical treatment include buildings in which free movement is restricted from an occupied space. Staff-controlled manual release is pro- of inpatients who are incapable of self-preservation. vided to permit movement from sleeping units, activity NURSING HOMES. Nursing homes are long-term care spaces and other occupied areas within the smoke compart- facilities on a 24-hour basis, including both intermediate ment to other smoke compartments. care facilities and skilled nursing facilities, serving more than five persons and any of the persons are incapable of 308.5 Group I-4, day care facilities. This group shall include self-preservation. buildings and structures occupied by persons of any age who receive custodial care for less than 24 hours by individuals 308.3.2 Residential facility. A residential facility or por- other than parents or guardians, relatives by blood, marriage or tion thereof, subject to licensure by the state, where personal adoption, and in a place other than the of the person cared care is administered for more than five persons, whose for. A facility such as the above with six or fewer persons, or occupants may require assisted self-preservation (impracti- family child care homes (located in a private residence) as cal), shall be classified as a Group SR-2 occupancy and shall defined in Section 310.2, shall be classified as a Group R-3 or comply with Appendix SR. shall comply with the Residential Code in accordance with 308.4 Group I-3. This occupancy shall include buildings and Section 101.2. Places of worship during religious functions are structures that are inhabited by more than five persons who are not included. under restraint or . An I-3 facility is occupied by per- 308.5.1 Adult care facility. A facility that provides accom- sons who are generally incapable of self-preservation due to modations for less than 24 hours for more than five unre- security measures not under the occupants’control. This group lated adults and provides supervision and personal care shall include, but not be limited to, the following: services shall be classified as Group I-4. Correctional centers Detention centers Exception: A facility where occupants are capable of Jails responding to an emergency situation without physical Prerelease centers assistance from the staff shall be classified as Group R-3. Prisons 308.5.2 Child care facility. A facility that provides supervi- Reformatories sion and personal care on less than a 24-hour basis for more 1 Buildings of Group I-3 shall be classified as one of the occu- than five children 2 /2 years of age or less shall be classified pancy conditions indicated in Sections 308.4.1 through as Group I-4. 308.4.5 (see Section 408.1). Exception: A child day care facility that provides care 1 308.4.1 Condition 1. This occupancy condition shall for more than five but no more than 100 children 2 /2 include buildings in which free movement is allowed from years or less of age, where the rooms in which the chil- sleeping areas, and other spaces where access or occupancy dren are cared for are located on a level of exit discharge is permitted, to the exterior via means of egress without serving such rooms and each of these child care rooms restraint. A Condition 1 facility is permitted to be con- has an exit door directly to the exterior, shall be classified structed as Group R. as Group E.

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SECTION 309 Congregate living facilities with 16 or fewer occupants are MERCANTILE GROUP M permitted to comply with the construction requirements for Group R-3. 309.1 Mercantile Group M. Mercantile Group M occupancy includes, among others, the use of a building or structure or a Group R-2 occupancies providing 21 or more housing units portion thereof, for the display and sale of merchandise and for low-income elderly, which are financed in whole or in part involves stocks of goods, wares or merchandise incidental to by the federal or state fund, shall contain a multiservice room such purposes and accessible to the public. Mercantile occu- adequate in size to seat all the tenants (ORS 455.425). The pancies shall include, but not be limited to, the following: multiservice room shall include adjacent toilet facilities for both sexes; a service area with a kitchen sink, countertop and Department stores upper and lower cabinets; and a storage room sized to store Drug stores tables, chairs or benches and janitorial supplies and tools. The Markets multiservice room and accessory rooms shall be accessible to Motor fuel-dispensing facilities disabled persons (see Chapter 11). Retail or wholesale stores Sales rooms R-3 Residential occupancies where the occupants are primar- ily permanent in nature and not classified as Group R-1, R-2, 309.2 Quantity of hazardous materials. The aggregate quan- R-4 or I, including: tity of nonflammable solid and nonflammable or noncombusti- Buildings that do not contain more than two dwelling units. ble liquid hazardous materials stored or displayed in a single Adult care facilities that provide accommodations for six or control area of a Group M occupancy shall not exceed the fewer persons of any age for less than 24 hours. quantities in Table 414.2.5(1). Child care facilities that provide accommodations for six or fewer persons of any age for less than 24 hours. Congregate living facilities with 16 or fewer persons. SECTION 310 Adult foster homes, as defined in ORS Chapter 443, or fam- RESIDENTIAL GROUP R ily child care homes (located in a private residence), as defined 310.1 Residential Group R. Residential Group R includes, in Section 310.2. among others, the use of a building or structure, or a portion Adult foster homes and family child care homes that are

thereof, for sleeping purposes when not classified as an Institu- within a single-family dwelling are permitted to comply with tional Group I or when not regulated by the International Resi- the Residential Code in accordance with Section 101.2. > dential Code in accordance with Section 101.2. Residential Lodging houses, as defined in this section, are permitted to occupancies shall include the following: comply with the Residential Code in accordance with Section R-1 Residential occupancies containing sleeping units where 101.2. the occupants are primarily transient in nature, including: R-4 Residential occupancies shall include buildings arranged Boarding houses (transient) for occupancy as residential care/assisted living facilities (transient) including more than five but not more than 16 occupants, Motels (transient) excluding staff. Group R-4 occupancies shall meet the requirements for con- Congregate living facilities (transient) with 10 or fewer struction as defined for Group R-3, except as otherwise pro- occupants are permitted to comply with the construction vided for in this code or shall comply with the International requirements for Group R-3. Residential Code provided the building is protected by an auto- R-2 Residential occupancies containing sleeping units or more matic sprinkler system installed in accordance with Section than two dwelling units where the occupants are primarily per- 903.2.8. manent in nature, including: A Group R-4 residential occupancy shall include buildings, houses structures or parts thereof housing more than five, but not more Boarding houses (nontransient) than 16 persons, on a 24-hour basis because of age, mental dis- Convents ability or other reasons, live in a supervised residential environ- Dormitories ment that provides personal care. Fraternities and sororities A Group R-4 residential occupancy, or portion thereof, sub- Hotels (nontransient) ject to licensure by the state, where personal care is adminis- Live/ units tered for more than five, but not more than 16 persons, whose Monasteries occupants may require assisted self-preservation shall be clas- Motels (nontransient) sified as a Group SR-4 occupancy and shall comply with the Vacation timeshare properties provisions of Appendix SR.

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310.2 Definitions. The following words and terms shall, for the (3) “Child” means a child under 13 years of age or a child under 18 purposes of this section and as used elsewhere in this code, years of age who has special needs or disabilities and requires a have the meanings shown herein. level of care that is above normal for the child’s age. (4) Subject to ORS 657A.440, “child care” mans the care, supervi- ADULT FOSTER HOME. See ORS 443.705 and 443.725. sion and guidance on a regular basis of a child unaccompanied by a BOARDING . A building arranged or used for lodg- parent, guardian or custodian, provided to a child during a part of ing for compensation, with or without meals, and not occupied the 24 hours of the day, in a place other than the child’s home, with as a single-family unit. or without compensation. (5) “Child care facility” means any facility that provides child care CONGREGATE LIVING FACILITIES. A building or part to children, including a day nursery, nursery school, child care cen- thereof that contains sleeping units where residents share bath- ter, certified or registered family child care home or similar unit room and/or kitchen facilities. operating under any name, but not including any: DORMITORY. A space in a building where group sleeping (a) Facility providing care that is primarily educational, unless accommodations are provided in one room, or in a series of provided to a preschool child for more than 4 hours a day. closely associated rooms, for persons not members of the same (b) Facility providing care that is primarily supervised training in family group, under joint occupancy and single , a specific subject, including but not limited to dancing, drama, as in college dormitories or fraternity houses. music or religion. FAMILY CHILD CARE HOME. (LicensedbyOregon (c) Facility providing care that is primarily an incident of group Child Care Division under ORS 657A) Includes certified fam- athletic or social activities sponsored by or under the supervision ily child care homes (located in homes licensed for 16 or fewer of an organized club or hobby group. children) and registered family child care homes (located in (d) Facility operated by: homes licensed for 10 or fewer children). (A) A school district as defined in ORS 332.002; LODGING HOUSE. Any building or portion thereof contain- (B) Political subdivision of this state; or ing not more than five guest rooms where rent is paid in money, (C) A governmental agency. goods, labor or otherwise. The total number of guests shall not (D) Residential facility licensed under ORS 443.400 to exceed 16. 443.455. PERSONAL CARE. See Section 102 of Appendix SR. (e) Babysitters. TRANSIENT. Occupancy of a dwelling unit or sleeping unit (f) Facility operated as a parent for no more than 4 > for not more than 30 days. hours a day. (g) Facility providing care while the child’s parent remains on the premises and is engages in an activity offered by the facility or in Adult foster homes are regulated by ORS 443.705 through other nonwork activity. 443.825, which are not part of this code but are reproduced in (10) “Registration” means the registration that is issued under ORS part here for the reader’s convenience: 657A.330 by the Child Care Division to a family child care home 443.705(1) “Adult foster home” means any family home or facility where care is provided in the family living quarters of the provider’s in which residential care is provided in a homelike environment for home. five or fewer adults who are not related to the provider by blood or (11) “School age” means of an age eligible to be enrolled in the first marriage. grade or above and, during the months of summer vacation from 443.725 License required; resident manager required; when school, means of an age eligible to be enrolled in first grade or other resident staff required. above in the next school year. (1) Every provider of adult foster care shall be licensed with the Department of Human Services before opening or operating an adult foster home caring for adult residents. SECTION 311 (2) A provider must live in the home that is to be licensed or hire a STORAGE GROUP S resident manager to live in the home. (3) There must be a provider, resident manager or substitute care- 311.1 Storage Group S. Storage Group S occupancy includes, giver on duty 24 hours per day in an adult foster home under the among others, the use of a building or structure, or a portion jurisdiction of the Department of Human Services. thereof, for storage that is not classified as a hazardous occu- Family child care homes and group child care homes located in pancy. a private residence are regulated by ORS 657A.280 and 657A.330, which are not part of this code but are reproduced in 311.2 Moderate-hazard storage, Group S-1. Buildings part here for the reader’s convenience: occupied for storage uses that are not classified as Group S-2, including, but not limited to, storage of the following: 657A.250 Definitions for ORS 657A.030 and 657A.250 to 657A.450. As used in ORS 657A.030 and 657A.250 to 657A.450, Aerosols, Levels 2 and 3 unless the context requires otherwise: Aircraft hangar (storage and repair) (2) “Certification” means the certification that is issued under ORS Bags: cloth, burlap and paper 657A.280 by the Child Care Division to a family child care home, Bamboos and child care center or other child care facility. Baskets Belting: canvas and leather

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Books and paper in rolls or packs Oil-filled and other types of Boots and shoes Parking garages, open or enclosed Buttons, including cloth covered, pearl or bone and and cardboard boxes Stoves Clothing, woolen wearing apparel Talc and soapstones Cordage Washers and dryers Dry boat storage (indoor) 311.4 Mausoleums and columbariums, Group S-3. The Furniture life of structures in this occupancy are longer than other Furs occupancies in this code. Except where specific provisions are Glues, mucilage, pastes and size made in Chapter 4, other requirements of this code shall apply. Grains Horns and combs, other than celluloid Leather SECTION 312 Linoleum UTILITY AND MISCELLANEOUS GROUP U Motor vehicle repair garages complying with the maximum 312.1 General. Buildings and structures of an accessory char- allowable quantities of hazardous materials listed in acter and miscellaneous structures not classified in any specific Table 307.1(1) (see Section 406.6) occupancy shall be constructed, equipped and maintained to Photo conform to the requirements of this code commensurate with Resilient flooring the fire and life hazard incidental to their occupancy. Group U shall include, but not be limited to, the following: Soaps Agricultural buildings Sugar Aircraft hangars, accessory to a one- or two-family Tires, bulk storage of residence (see Section 412.5) Tobacco, cigars, cigarettes and snuff Barns Upholstery and mattresses Carports Wax candles Fences more than 6 feet (1829 mm) high 311.3 Low-hazard storage, Group S-2. Includes, among oth- Grain silos, accessory to a residential occupancy ers, buildings used for the storage of noncombustible materials Greenhouses such as products on wood pallets or in paper cartons with or shelters without single thickness divisions; or in paper wrappings. Such Private garages products are permitted to have a negligible amount of plastic Retaining walls trim, such as knobs, handles or film wrapping. Group S-2 stor- Sheds age uses shall include, but not be limited to, storage of the fol- Stables lowing: Tanks ➡ Towers Asbestos Beverages up to and including 16-percent alcohol in wood barrels, metal, glass or ceramic containers in bags Chalk and crayons Dairy products in nonwaxed coated paper containers Dry cell batteries Electrical coils Electrical motors Empty cans Food products Foods in noncombustible containers Fresh fruits and vegetables in nonplastic trays or containers Frozen foods Glass Glass bottles, empty or filled with noncombustible liquids Gypsum board Inert Ivory Meats Metal cabinets Metal desks with plastic tops and trim Metal parts Metals Mirrors

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