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Economic Geology Resources of the Llano Uplift Region
Economic Geology Resources of the Llano Uplift Region and the Historical Impacts to the Region’s Growth Guidebook to the Texas Section- American Institute of Professional Geologists Spring Field Trip, Llano Uplift Region, Central Texas: May 14-15, 2016 Rima Petrossian, Ph.D., P.G., C.P.G.: Author and Field-Trip Organizer Renee Ryan, P.G., C.P.G.: Author and Field-Trip Leader Chris Caran, P.G.: Author and Field Guide, Los Almagres Mine Michael Jacobs, P.G., Field Trip Organizer Michael D. Campbell, P.G., P.H., C.P.G.: Author and Field-Trip Organizer Martin Meinshausen: Field Guide, Voca Sand Mine Neyda Maymi: Field Guide, Voca Sand Mine © 2016 Version 2.2 Acknowledgements A big thank you goes to the Stotts Family for allowing us exclusive access to Los Almagres mine site at Packsaddle Mountain. Also, a special thanks to Premier Silica for access to the Hickory Sands Mine and for sponsoring lunch. 2 | Page Field Trip Schedule, May 14-15, 2016 Friday Evening: Optional Friday happy hour/no-host dinner: 6 PM Evening at River City Grille, Marble Falls, Texas. Saturday Morning: 0730 hrs. Stop 1: Meet at Historical Marker Roadside Park, FM1431 westbound about 1.85 miles from Hwy 281 across from Town Mountain Granite Mine on the north side of the road for breakfast tacos (provided). Distribute for signature and return the AIPG Indemnification Document, and hand out field-trip guide; discuss geology and historical importance of groundwater and granite to Llano Uplift area (Ryan, Wise, Jacobs, etc., 30 minutes) Depart first stop in caravan east 1.85 miles to Hwy 281 and FM 1431 west intersection, turn south or right. -
ALLANITE from BARRINGER HILL, LLANO COUNTY, TEXAS* Joun
ALLANITE FROM BARRINGER HILL, LLANO COUNTY, TEXAS* JouN Purxart Mennlo, LIni,ted,States IVati.onal Mwseum, Washington, D.C. AesrnA.ct Allanite from Barringer Hill, Llanc County, Texas, has been analyzed, with especial attention to the "lead-ratio " The resulting value, 0.428, indicates either a large accumula- tion of "common" lead or extensive alteration. A cornplete analysis, petrographic studies, and other data are given. The pegmatites of Barringer Hill, Llano County, Texas, have yielded many specimensof radioactive minerals, a number of which have been analyzed with especialattention to the "lead-ratio." This work has been summarizedby A. Holmes (1931)and (1937),so detailedreferences and discussionneed not be given here.It shouldbe pointed out that only one mineral from this locality, an uraninite analyzed by Hillebrand and by Mackintosh, yielded a "lead-ratio" that was completely acceptable to Holmes. Most of the other minerals thus analyzed mackintoshite, yttrocrasite (from Burnet County), thorogummite, yttrialite and fer- gusonite,-he considered either to be in the metamict condition or to be alteration products. fn the early studiesof the "lead-ratio" method of geologic time determination, the varying results obtained from the analyses of Barringer Hill minerals were used to discredit the method temporarily, though, as Holmes has shown, part of the difficulty has since been removed by the discovery of the correct r6le of thorium as a radioactiveelement in the production of iead. No correctionsfor "com- mon" lead have been applied to any of the work, as in some casesnot enough material for isotope studies was available, and most of the work was done before the need for this correction was realized. -
Gazetteer of Streams of Texas
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Water-Supply Paper 448 GAZETTEER OF STREAMS OF TEXAS PREPARED UNDER THE DIRECTION OF GLENN A. GRAY WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT FEINTING OFFICE 1919 GAZETTEER OF STREAMS OF TEXAS. Prepared under the direction of GLENN A. GRAY. INTRODUCTION. The following pages contain a gazetteer of streams, lakes, and ponds as shown by the topographic maps of Texas which were pre pared by the United States Geological Survey and, in areas not covered by the topographic maps, by State of Texas county maps and the post-route map of Texas. For many streams a contour map of Texas, prepared in 1899 by Robert T. Hill, was consulted, as well as maps compiled by private surveys, engineering corporations, the State Board of Water Engineers, and the International Boundary Commission. An effort has been made to eliminate errors where practicable by personal reconnaissance. All the descriptions are based on the best available maps, and their accuracy therefore depends on that of the maps. Descriptions of streams in the central part of the State, adjacent to the Bio Grande above Brewster County, and in parts of Brewster, Terrell, Bowie, Casg, Btirleson, Brazos, Grimes, Washington, Harris, Bexar, Wichita, Wilbarger, Montague, Coke, and Graysoh counties were compiled by means of topographic maps and are of a good degree of accuracy. It should be understood, however, that all statements of elevation, length, and fall are roughly approximate. The Geological Survey topographic maps used are cited in the de scriptions of the streams and are listed below. -
United States Geological Survey
DEFARTM KUT OF THE 1STEK1OK BULLETIN OK THE UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY No. 19O S F, GEOGRAPHY, 28 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1902 UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY CHARLES D. WALCOTT, DIRECTOR GAZETTEEK OF TEXAS BY HENRY G-A-NNETT WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1902 CONTENTS Page. Area .................................................................... 11 Topography and drainage..... ............................................ 12 Climate.................................................................. 12 Forests ...............................................................'... 13 Exploration and settlement............................................... 13 Population..............'................................................. 14 Industries ............................................................... 16 Lands and surveys........................................................ 17 Railroads................................................................. 17 The gazetteer............................................................. 18 ILLUSTRATIONS. Page. PF,ATE I. Map of Texas ................................................ At end. ry (A, Mean annual temperature.......:............................ 12 \B, Mean annual rainfall ........................................ 12 -ryj (A, Magnetic declination ........................................ 12 I B, Wooded areas............................................... 12 Density of population in 1850 ................................ 14 B, Density of population in 1860 -
Zircon, Monazite and Other Minerals Used in the Production of Chemical Com- Pounds Employed in the Manufac- Ture of Lighting Apparatus
North Carolina State Library GIFT OF \*J.^. M «v* Digitized by the Internet Archive in 2013 http://archive.org/details/zirconmonaziteot25prat V C*> ttonh Carolina Stat© ^vtef <^ Raleigh NORTH CAROLINA GEOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC SURVEY JOSEPH HYDE PRATT, State Geologist BULLETIN No. 25 Zircon, Monazite and Other Minerals Used in the Production of Chemical Com- pounds Employed in the Manufac- ture of Lighting Apparatus BY JOSEPH HYDE PRATT, Ph.D. Raleigh, N. 0. Edwards & Broughton Printing Co. State Printers and Binders 1916 GEOLOGICAL BOARD Governor Locke Craig, ex officio chairman Raleigh Frank R. Hewitt Asheville Hugh MacRae Wilmington Henry E. Fries ". Winston-Salem John Sprunt Hill Durham Joseph Hyde Pratt, State Geologist Chapel Hill ^5 LETTER OF TRANSMITTAL Chapel Hill, M". C, October 1, 1915. To His Excellency , Honorable Locke Craig, Governor of North Carolina. Sir :—I have the honor to submit herewith for publication as Bulletin 25 a report on Zircon, Monazite and other Minerals Used in the Pro- duction of Chemical Compounds Employed in the Manufacture of Light- ing Apparatus. There is a renewed interest in the deposits of these min- erals in North Carolina, and the present report takes up not only a description of the localities in which these minerals are found, but is a technical review of the development of the lighting industry. Very truly yours, Joseph Hyde Pratt, State Geologist. ±o 5 ,3 3 2 7 CONTENTS PAGE Introduction 7 Zircon 7 Sources of Zirconia 10 Zircon 10 Baddeleyite 10 Other Zirconia-bearing Minerals 11 Occurrences and localities of Zircon 13 Zircon from Henderson County, N. -
Spirit Leveling in Texas
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR FRANKLIN K. LANE, Secretary UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, Director Bulletin 637 ^t SPIRIT LEVELING IN TEXAS 1896 TO 1915, INCLUSIVE R. B. MARSHALL, CHIEF GEOGRAPHER Work done in cooperation with the State of Texas in 1902,1903,1909, and 1910, and with Harris County in 1915 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1916 ADDITIONAL COPIES OP THIS PUBLICATION MAY BE PROCURED FROM THE SUPERINTENDENT OF DOCUMENTS GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE "WASHINGTON, D. C. AT 15 CENTS PER COPY CONTENTS- Pago. Introduction.............................................................. 5 Cooperation........................................................... 5 Previous publication.................................................. 5 Personnel............................................................. 5 Classification.......................................................... 5 Bench marks........................................................ 6 Datum............................................................... 6 Topographic maps.................................................... 7 Precise leveling.......................................................... 8 Anapra and El Paso quadrangles (El Paso County)...................... 8 Primary leveling......................................................... 9 Atlanta, Jefferson, Linden, New Boston, and Texarkana quadrangles (Bowie, Cass, and Marion counties).................................. 9 Bassett, Boxelder, Daingerfield, Gilmer, Mount Pleasant, Mount Vernori, and -
New Data on Yttrocrasite from the Clear Creek Pegmatite, Burnet
American Mineralogist, Volume 62, pages 1009-10ll, 1977 Newdata on yttrocrasite from the Clear Creek pegmatite, Burnet County, Texas Wrr-soNW. Cnoor, III Departmentof Geologyand Mineralogy The Uniuersityof Michigan A nn A rbor, Michigan49 I 09 Abstract X-ray diffraction data for non-metamictyttrocrasite from the Clear Creek pegmatite, BurnetCounty, Texas,shows it to be orthorhombic,space group Pbcn, a = 12.862(7),b : 4.810(2),c : 4.571(3)A, V = 282.79As. The mineralis biaxial(-) witha = 2.131(2),4= 2.137(2),y : 2.A2(2),2V,: 60-70'.The strongestdiffraction lines are 2.147(100X600), 6.455(90X200),4.331(90X110), and 3.121(30)(310).The calculatedformula, based on ABr(O,OH)6. is (Yo..orREo.1a1Tho.116l.JoorrMno oorCao ,0nPb' o0r)(Ti1.636Feo o"2Wo ourTao oor)j(Or.ous OHor*).X-ray, optical, and chemicalanalysis suggests that ytirocrasiteis the titanium-rich 'nd-member of the euxenitegroup of rare-earthmultiple oxides. Introduction fergusonite and cyrtolite intergrown within biotite plates.Three distinct crystalswere found, megascop- Yttrocrasite, an oxide of titanium, thorium, and ically distinguishablefrom the other rare-earthspe- the yttrium-group rare earthswas discoveredby Hid- by their color (green-brown) and their shape den and Warren in 1906. The original description cies (orthorhombic-dipyramidal). included an incompletewet chemical analysisand a few physical properties.The type locality, a granite Physical properties pegmatitetwo miles eastof the famous BarringerHill rare-earthpegmatite, was inundated during the con- Yttrocrasite occurs as prismatic crystalswith ob- structionof Lake Buchananin 1936.Additional data servedforms {100},{010}, and {001}.Fracture is un- on yttrocrasite have not been obtained becauseof even to subconchoidal,and there is no observable the combination of scarcityof material and its char- cleavage.The color is green-brown and the crystals acteristicmetamict state. -
Pegmatite Genesis: State of the Art
Eur. J. Mineral. 2008, 20, 421–438 Published online August 2008 Paper presented at the symposium “Granitic Pagmatites: the State of the Art”, Porto, May 2007 Pegmatite genesis: state of the art Wm. B. “Skip” SIMMONS* and Karen L. WEBBER Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New Orleans, New Orleans, LA 70148, USA *Corresponding author, e-mail: [email protected] Abstract: No one universally accepted model of pegmatite genesis has yet emerged that satisfactorily explains all the diverse features of granitic pegmatites. Genesis from residual melts derived from the crystallization of granitic plutons is favoured by most researchers. Incompatible components, fluxes, volatiles and rare elements, are enriched in the residual melts. The presence of fluxes and volatiles, which lower the crystallization temperature, decrease nucleation rates, melt polymerization and viscosity, and increase diffusion rates and solubility, are considered to be critical to the development of large crystals. A number of new concepts have shed light on problems related to pegmatite genesis. Cooling rates calculated from thermal cooling models demonstrate that shallow-level pegmatites cool radically more rapidly than previously believed. Rapid cooling rates for pegmatites represent a quantum shift from the widely held view that the large crystals found in pegmatites are the result of very slow rates of cooling and crystal growth. Experimental and field evidence both suggest that undercooling and disequilibrium crystallization dominate pegmatite crys- tallization. London’s constitutional zone refining model of pegmatite evolution involves disequilibrium crystallization from an undercooled, flux-bearing granitic melt. The melt is not necessarily flux–rich and the model does not require the presence of an aqueous vapor phase. -
A Study of the Ages of the Precambrian of Texas
JOURNALOF GEOPHYSICALRESEARCH VOLUME67. NO. 10 SEPTEMBElt1962 A Study of the Ages of the Precambrian of Texas G. J. W•sssa•us• California Institute o[ Technology,Pasadena G. W. Institute o/Geophysicsand Departme•t o• Geology University o• California at Los Angeles L. T. SILVER California Institute o[ Technology,Pasadena P. T. FLAWN Bureau o[ EconomicGeology, University o/ Texas Abstract. Age determinationsusing the SrS7-RbS7,Ar4ø-K4ø, and Pb-U methodswere made on samplesof muscovite,biotite, amphibole,microcline, and zirconfrom igneousand meta- morphicrocks from the Franklin Mountains,Hueco Mountains,Pump Station Hills, and Carrizo and Van Horn Mountains. In addition ageswere determinedon a number of base- ment cores from Texas and New Mexico. The results show that a belt of rocks of varied lithologyextending from E1 Pasoto east of the Llano uplift are all of the sameage. The general age by the strontium and argon methodsis 1000 to 1090 m.y.; and by the lead- uranium method on zirconsit is 1150 to 1200 m.y. This event is in the same time band as the 'Grenville' orogenyin Canadaand the northeasternUnited States and possiblyshould be consideredpart of the general 'Grenville' episode.All the data now available indicate that the orogenicevent at about 1000to 1200m.y. is the mostwidespread and pervasiveepi- sodeof Precambrianorogeny on the North Americancontinent for which adequateevidence has been presented.At least one and probably two older periodsof igneousactivity and metamorphismoccurring at 1250 and 1400 m.y. are found in the northern regionsof the Texas Precambrian basement. No evidence was found for any igneous event between the early Paleozoicand the 1000-m.y.episode. -
Uranium Industry Annual 1996
DOE/EIA-0478(96) Distribution Category UC-950 Uranium Industry Annual 1996 April 1997 Energy Information Administration Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Alternate Fuels U.S. Department of Energy Washington, DC 20585 This report was prepared by the Energy Information Administration, the independent statistical and analytical agency within the Department of Energy. The information contained herein should not be construed as advocating or reflecting any policy position of the Department of Energy or any other organization. Contacts This report was prepared by the Energy Information Ad- Exploration, production, employment, and marketing ac- ministration (EIA), Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and tivities: Alternate Fuels. General information about this document may be obtained from the National Energy Information Douglas Bonnar on (202) 426-1249; Center (202/586-8800), or John C. Geidl (202/426-1200), or email address: [email protected] Director of the Office of Coal, Nuclear, Electric and Al- ternate Fuels, and Robert M. Schnapp (202/426-1211), Feature article, reserves and resources: Director of the Analysis and Systems Division. Technical information about this report may be obtained from Dr. Z. Taesin Chung on (202) 426-1128; D. Nikodem (202/426-1179), Chief of the Nuclear Fuel or email address: [email protected] Cycle Branch. Survey methodology and operations: Specific questions regarding the various sections of the report should be addressed to the following staff person- Charles Johnson on (202) 426-1178; nel and/or section authors: or email address: [email protected]. ii Energy Information Adminstration/ Uranium Industry Annual 1996 Preface The Uranium Industry Annual 1996 (UIA 1996) provides (1) the country of origin and the seller of any current statistical data on the U.S. -
Geology and Mineralogy This Document Consists of 20 Pages* Series A*
Geology and Mineralogy This document consists of 20 pages* Series A* OF THE H!EEHIOK GEOLOGICAL SURVEY URAHIUM A5B TEORIUM H THE ACCESSORY ALLAHITE OF IGHEOUS ROCKS* By William Lee Smith, Mona L. Franck, and Alexander M. Sherwood March 1956 Trace Elements Investigations Report 398 This preliminary report is distribut without editorial-and technical revi for conformity with official standatf and nomenclature. It is not for pubH GEOLOGICAL SURVEY inspection or quotation, DENVtR, COLO *This report concerns work done on behalf of the Division of Research of the U» S» Atomic Energy Commission* USGS - Distribution (Series A) go, of copies Atomic Energy Cbjmnission, Washington ...........*......*...... 2 Division of Raw Materials, Albuquerque ....................... 1 Division of I?aw Materials, Austin ............................ 1 Division of Raw Materials, Butte ............................. 1 Division of Raw Materials, Casper ..........o................. 1 Division of Raw Materials, Denver ............................ 1 Division of Raw Materials, Ishpeming ......................... 1 Division of Raw Materials, Phoenix ........................... 1 Division of Raw Materials, Rapid City ........................ 1 Division of Raw Materials, St. George ............o........... 1 Division of Raw Jfeterials, Salt Lake City ....... ? ............ 1 Division of Raw Materials, Washington ........................ 3 Division of Research, Washington ............................. 1 Exploration Division, Grand Junction Operations Office ....... 1 Grand -
Results of Spirit Leveling in Texas
DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY GEORGE OTIS SMITH, DIRECTOR BULLETIN RESULTS OF SPIRIT LEVELING IN TEXAS 1896 TO 1910, INCLUSIVE R. B. MARSHALL, CHIEF GEOGRAPHER WORK DONE IN COOPEEATION WITH THE STATE OF TEXAS DUEING 1902, 1903, 1909, AND 1910 WASHINGTON GOVERNMENT PRINTING OFFICE 1911 CONTENTS. Page. Introduction............................................................... 5 Scope of work ........................................................ 5 Personnel............................................................. 5 Classification.......................................................... 5 Bench marks........................................................... 6 Datum................................................................ .6 Topographic maps...................................................... 7 Precise leveling........................................................... 8 Courchesne and El Paso quadrangles (El Paso County).................... 8 Primary leveling.......................................................... 9 Atlanta, Jefferson, Linden, New Boston, and Texarkana quadrangles (Bowie, Cass, and Marion counties)................................... 9 Bassett, Bogata, Boxelder, Daingerfield, Hughes Springs, Mount Pleasant, and Shawneetown quadrangles (Bowie, Cass, Red River, and Titus counties)............................................................ 13 Bonham, Clarksville, Denison, Denton, Gainesville, Montague, and Paris quadrangles (Cook, Fannin, Grayson, Lamar, Montague, and Red River