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The Representativeness of Traditionally Underrepresented North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Aggie Digital Collections and Scholarship Dissertations Electronic Theses and Dissertations 2014 The Representativeness Of Traditionally Underrepresented Populations In Appointed Policy-Level State Government Leadership Positions In North Carolina 1973-2012: "Who Gets In, Who Stays In, Who Gets Appointed, And Who Gets Disappointed." Steven Eric Hairston North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Follow this and additional works at: https://digital.library.ncat.edu/dissertations Recommended Citation Hairston, Steven Eric, "The Representativeness Of Traditionally Underrepresented Populations In Appointed Policy-Level State Government Leadership Positions In North Carolina 1973-2012: "Who Gets In, Who Stays In, Who Gets Appointed, And Who Gets Disappointed."" (2014). Dissertations. 67. https://digital.library.ncat.edu/dissertations/67 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Electronic Theses and Dissertations at Aggie Digital Collections and Scholarship. It has been accepted for inclusion in Dissertations by an authorized administrator of Aggie Digital Collections and Scholarship. For more information, please contact [email protected]. The Representativeness of Traditionally Underrepresented Populations in Appointed Policy-Level State Government Leadership Positions in North Carolina 1973–2012: “Who Gets In, Who Stays In, Who Gets Appointed, and Who Gets Disappointed.” Steven Eric Hairston North Carolina A&T State University A dissertation submitted to the graduate faculty in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of DOCTOR OF PHILOSOPHY Department: Leadership Studies Major: Leadership Studies Major Professor: Dr. Forrest D. Toms, Sr. Greensboro, North Carolina 2014 i The Graduate School North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University This is to certify that the Doctoral Dissertation of Steven Eric Hairston has met the dissertation requirements of North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University Greensboro, North Carolina 2014 Approved by: Dr. Forrest D. Toms, Sr. Dr. Belinda B. McFeeters Major Professor Committee Member Dr. Edward B. Fort Dr. Stephen C. Ferguson II Committee Member Committee Member Dr. Comfort O. Okpala Dr. Roger J. Gagnon Department Chair Committee Member Dr. Sanjiv Sarin Dean, The Graduate School ii © Copyright by Steven Eric Hairston 2014 iii Biographical Sketch Steven Eric Hairston was born and raised in Atlantic City, New Jersey and is a product of the public school system in that city. He is a graduate of Atlantic City High School, Virginia Union University in Richmond, Virginia and Temple University in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania. He also completed certification programs in Nonprofit Management at Duke University, the National Forum for Black Public Administrators, and Institute for Legal Studies and is a Certified Public Manager (CPM) through the North Carolina Public Manager Program. He is also a graduate of the Emerging Leaders in Public Health Program sponsored by the W.K. Kellogg Foundation. He is married to Ingrid N. Hairston of Gary, Indiana and they have twin daughters, Danielle and Lauren. Steven E. Hairston is a public administrator with over 25 years’ experience in the state government service. Currently he serves as the Chief of the Operations Support Section for the North Carolina Division of Mental Health, Developmental Disabilities and Substance Abuse Services. Steve serves as the Division’s Equal Employment Opportunity Officer and played a key role in the development of the Division’s Cultural Competency Advisory Plan, Workforce Development Plan, Business Continuity Plan, Continuity of Operation Plan, State Strategic Plans 2003–2010 and 2010–2012 and the Department of Health and Human Services’ Gubernatorial Transition Guides in 2000, 2004, 2008 and 2012. Steven E. Hairston has received numerous awards and honors for his work in Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc. where he served as the Sr. Vice-Province Polemarch, the highest elected official in the Eastern Province. iv Dedication This work is dedicated to the women in my life whose steadfast encouragement made me the person that I am today. Laura L. Latney, Ruth E. Hairston and Diane R. Hairston, my grandmother, mother and sister who each died way too soon to see me reach this accomplishment. To my wife, Ingrid thanks for your love, support and encouragement. You are truly the wind beneath my wings. To my daughters, Danielle and Lauren your constant encouragement especially near the end helped me to get through this journey. I love each of you more than words can ever explain. I hope your witnessing my academic success will encourage you to do anything that you want to in your lifetime. v Acknowledgements I would like to acknowledge the following people, without their support and dedication to my project I would have never finished. I thank my wife, Ingrid for her support and constant words of encouragement. She took on many of the household duties and filled in for me, while I traveled the highways of North Carolina, sometimes two and three nights a week going to class. My daughters, Danielle and Lauren, for never complaining and in your own way offering support for the completion of this project, now it is done and we can work on your projects! I am indebted to Dr. Forrest Toms, Sr. who has supported this project since its theoretical conception and for helping me to develop a framework for this meaningful research. You have been a great advisor, professor, teacher and mentor. Thanks to you I always know who is in the room. In one of those rooms, I had a great dissertation committee consisting of Dr. Liz Barber, Dr. Edward B. Fort, Dr. Roger C. Gagnon, Dr. Belinda B. McFeeters, and Dr. Stephen C. Ferguson, II. I thank you for your guidance and wisdom and sticking with my project even when I wanted to put it down. You have each truly been a mentor to me. In other rooms, I had my Baptist Grove Church family, Virginia Union University family, my co-workers, and my fraternity brothers. My fellow doctoral students and relentless carpoolers Trinette Cooper, Brenda Mitchell, and Everett B. Ward, your words of encouragement and support helped me continue this journey even when the road was dark and lonely. Reverend Bankole Akinbinu, your constant prayers and words of hope were a great sense of strength. My good fraternity brother Otis McMichael, Jr., rocket scientist and engineer, thanks for serving as the best mathematician any dissertation writer could have on their team. My VUU family proved to be the best boosters this Panther could ever have! My co-workers and members of my staff in vi the Operations Support Section have all been supportive in this journey. In addition to my staff I had three division directors, Mike Moseley, Leza Wainwright and Steve Jordan all mentors who I owe a debt that I cannot repay, thanks to the each of you for the support and encouragement. Two of my division directors, Mike Moseley and Steve Jordan tragically died before I could finish this project. Lastly, the NUPES, members of the Kappa Alpha Psi Fraternity, Inc. from my undergraduate chapter-the Alpha Gamma, my graduate chapter-Richmond (VA) Alumni, my Eastern Province brothers, my fellow members of the Council of Province Senior Vice- Polemarchs and my line brothers from the Late Show Spr. 1983, thanks for pushing the line leader until his job was done. Believe me this achievement overwhelms any of those preoccupations that served as a temptation and distraction along this journey. vii Table of Contents List of Figures ................................................................................................................................. x List of Tables ................................................................................................................................. xi Abstract ........................................................................................................................................... 2 CHAPTER 1 Studying Bureaucratic Representativeness in North Carolina 1973–2013............... 3 Statement of the Problem ......................................................................................................... 3 Unfavorable Trends ................................................................................................................. 3 Benefits of Workplace Diversity ............................................................................................. 5 The State of the State on Diversity .......................................................................................... 6 North Carolina’s Progressive History ...................................................................................... 8 The Theory of Representative Bureaucracy .......................................................................... 10 Purpose Statement ................................................................................................................. 13 Research Questions ................................................................................................................ 14 Definition of Terms ............................................................................................................... 14 Significance ........................................................................................................................... 15 Delimitations .........................................................................................................................
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