Parliamentary Principles
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Proxy Voting Guidelines Benchmark Policy Recommendations TITLE
UNITED STATES Proxy Voting Guidelines Benchmark Policy Recommendations TITLE Effective for Meetings on or after February 1, 2021 Published November 19, 2020 ISS GOVERNANCE .COM © 2020 | Institutional Shareholder Services and/or its affiliates UNITED STATES PROXY VOTING GUIDELINES TABLE OF CONTENTS Coverage ................................................................................................................................................................ 7 1. Board of Directors ......................................................................................................................................... 8 Voting on Director Nominees in Uncontested Elections ........................................................................................... 8 Independence ....................................................................................................................................................... 8 ISS Classification of Directors – U.S. ................................................................................................................. 9 Composition ........................................................................................................................................................ 11 Responsiveness ................................................................................................................................................... 12 Accountability .................................................................................................................................................... -
MASTER MUNICIPAL CLERK ACADEMY October 19-21, 2016 MCM Eleganté Hotel – Albuquerque
MASTER MUNICIPAL CLERK ACADEMY October 19-21, 2016 MCM Eleganté Hotel – Albuquerque TOTAL ACADEMY HOURS: 20 -PRELIMINARY PROGRAM- WEDNESDAY, OCTOBER 19 7:30 am Registration 8:00 am – 5:15 pm PUBLIC SPEAKING FOR THE PUBLIC SERVANT Learn to write a speech that is powerful and delivers an effective result. Increase self-confidence, credibility and authority while delivering a clear message. Participants will have the opportunity to prepare and practice speech writing and delivery in a safe environment while learning skills they can use in all aspects of their life, from parenting to politicking. Learn the six principles of influence and persuasion used to create rapport, connection and move others towards a desired result. This is a “must attend” session for anyone that wishes to influence others in an ethical manner. What makes a good speech? What makes a good speaker? The components of a speech How to organize your information so that it makes sense! Writing an introduction How to introduce appropriately Good content for the body of your speech Body language Room set-up Selecting a topic Evaluating and analyzing the audience Deception and manipulation Ethics and truthfulness Using a microphone How to incorporate the 6 Principles of Influence and Persuasion into a speech and into daily life Close with power Instructor: Liz Walcher, Ph.D., CPT Organizational Consulting & Development Albuquerque, NM Mid-Morning & Mid-Afternoon Breaks 12:15 – 12:55 pm Lunch on Your Own THURSDAY, OCTOBER 20 8:00 am – 5:15 pm DEMOCRACY IN ACTION – PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE FOR GOVERNING BODY MEETINGS I. Parliamentary Procedure a. -
Motions Explained
MOTIONS EXPLAINED Adjournment: Suspension of proceedings to another time or place. To adjourn means to suspend until a later stated time or place. Recess: Bodies are released to reassemble at a later time. The members may leave the meeting room, but are expected to remain nearby. A recess may be simply to allow a break (e.g. for lunch) or it may be related to the meeting (e.g. to allow time for vote‐counting). Register Complaint: To raise a question of privilege that permits a request related to the rights and privileges of the assembly or any of its members to be brought up. Any time a member feels their ability to serve is being affected by some condition. Make Body Follow Agenda: A call for the orders of the day is a motion to require the body to conform to its agenda or order of business. Lay Aside Temporarily: A motion to lay the question on the table (often simply "table") or the motion to postpone consideration is a proposal to suspend consideration of a pending motion. Close Debate: A motion to the previous question (also known as calling for the question, calling the question, close debate and other terms) is a motion to end debate, and the moving of amendments, on any debatable or amendable motion and bring that motion to an immediate vote. Limit or extend debate: The motion to limit or extend limits of debate is used to modify the rules of debate. Postpone to a certain time: In parliamentary procedure, a postponing to a certain time or postponing to a time certain is an act of the deliberative assembly, generally implemented as a motion. -
Absolute Voting Rules Adrian Vermeule
University of Chicago Law School Chicago Unbound Coase-Sandor Working Paper Series in Law and Coase-Sandor Institute for Law and Economics Economics 2005 Absolute Voting Rules Adrian Vermeule Follow this and additional works at: https://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/law_and_economics Part of the Law Commons Recommended Citation Adrian Vermeule, "Absolute Voting Rules" (John M. Olin Program in Law and Economics Working Paper No. 257, 2005). This Working Paper is brought to you for free and open access by the Coase-Sandor Institute for Law and Economics at Chicago Unbound. It has been accepted for inclusion in Coase-Sandor Working Paper Series in Law and Economics by an authorized administrator of Chicago Unbound. For more information, please contact [email protected]. CHICAGO JOHN M. OLIN LAW & ECONOMICS WORKING PAPER NO. 257 (2D SERIES) Absolute Voting Rules Adrian Vermeule THE LAW SCHOOL THE UNIVERSITY OF CHICAGO August 2005 This paper can be downloaded without charge at: The Chicago Working Paper Series Index: http://www.law.uchicago.edu/Lawecon/index.html and at the Social Science Research Network Electronic Paper Collection: http://ssrn.com/abstract_id=791724 Absolute Voting Rules Adrian Vermeule* The theory of voting rules developed in law, political science, and economics typically compares simple majority rule with alternatives, such as various types of supermajority rules1 and submajority rules.2 There is another critical dimension to these questions, however. Consider the following puzzles: $ In the United States Congress, the votes of a majority of those present and voting are necessary to approve a law.3 In the legislatures of California and Minnesota,4 however, the votes of a majority of all elected members are required. -
A Guide to Parliamentary Procedure for New York City Community Boards
CITY OF NEW YORK MICHAEL R. BLOOMBERG, MAYOR A GUIDE TO PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE FOR NEW YORK CITY COMMUNITY BOARDS Mayor's Community Assistance Unit Patrick J. Brennan, Commissioner r. 2003/6.16.2006 Page 2 A Guide to Parliamentary Procedure for NYC Community Boards Mayor's Community Assistance Unit INTRODUCTION "The holding of assemblies of the elders, fighting men, or people of a tribe, community, or city to make decisions or render opinion on important matters is doubtless a custom older than history," notes Robert's Rules of Order, Newly Revised. This led to the need for rules of procedures to organize those assemblies. Throughout history, the writers of parliamentary procedure recognized that a membership meeting should be a place where different people of a community gather to debate openly and resolve issues of common concerns, the importance of conducting meetings in a democratic manner, and the need to protect the rights of individuals, groups, and the entire assembly. Parliamentary procedure originally referred to the customs and rules used by the English Parliament to conduct its meetings and to dispose of its issues. Some of the unusual terms used today attest to that connection -- such terms as "Lay On The Table" or "I Call The Previous Question." In America, General Henry Martyn Robert (1837-1923), a U.S. Army engineering officer was active in civic and educational works and church organizations. After presiding over a meeting, he wrote "But with the plunge went the determination that I would never attend another meeting until I knew something of... parliamentary law." After many years of study and work, the first edition of Robert's manual was published on February 19, 1876 under the title, Robert's Rules of Order. -
Rules of Order
DEPARTMENT OF TRAINING RULES OF ORDER A SIMPLIFIED GUIDE TO PARLIAMENTARY PROCUDURE ADOPTED FOR USE BY THE AUXILIARY Rev. (10/06) INTRODUCTION Any business meeting of the U.S. Coast Guard Auxiliary, whether it is a meeting of a flotilla, or a division, District or National Board, must proceed in an orderly way if it is to bring satisfactory results. There are certain widely accepted rules of conducting such meetings. These “Rules of Order” are a part of that large body or practices which are grouped under the term “parliamentary procedure.” Besides making for orderliness of procedure, parliamentary rules are intended to protect the rights of the individual participant and of minorities at a meeting. At the same time, they are also intended to enable the majority to get things accomplished without reasonable delay. The parliamentary rules of particular importance are easy to understand. For purposes of clarity, the “Presiding Officer” could be the Flotilla Commander, Division Captain or District Commodore. When “Board” is mentioned, this would be synonymous with the voting members of the body. STANDING RULES AND BYLAWS Standing rules are required for Auxiliary Districts and National Boards. Flotilla and divisions may have standing rules if desired or required by district policy. Standing rules normally provide for, and include such matters as meetings, voting, finances, awards, duties of officers, and provisions for amendments and additions. Standing rules shall not conflict with the provisions of the Auxiliary Manual, COMDTINST M16790.1 (Series), or other directives of the Coast Guard or the standing rules of the Auxiliary National Board or other senior Auxiliary units. -
The Constitutionality of Legislative Supermajority Requirements: a Defense
The Constitutionality of Legislative Supermajority Requirements: A Defense John 0. McGinnist and Michael B. Rappaporttt INTRODUCTION On the first day of the 104th Congress, the House of Representatives adopted a rule that requires a three-fifths majority of those voting to pass an increase in income tax rates.' This three-fifths rule had been publicized during the 1994 congressional elections as part of the House Republicans' Contract with America. In a recent Open Letter to Congressman Gingrich, seventeen well-known law professors assert that the rule is unconstitutional.3 They argue that requiring a legislative supermajority to enact bills conflicts with the intent of the Framers. They also contend that the rule conflicts with the Constitution's text, because they believe that the Constitution's specific supermajority requirements, such as the requirement for approval of treaties, indicate that simple majority voting is required for the passage of ordinary legislation.4 t Professor of Law, Benjamin N. Cardozo Law School. tt Professor of Law, University of San Diego School of Law. The authors would like to thank Larry Alexander, Akhil Amar, Carl Auerbach, Jay Bybee, David Gray Carlson, Lawrence Cunningham, Neal Devins, John Harrison, Michael Herz, Arthur Jacobson, Gary Lawson, Nelson Lund, Erela Katz Rappaport, Paul Shupack, Stewart Sterk, Eugene Volokh, and Fred Zacharias for their comments and assistance. 1. See RULES OF THE HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES, EFFECTIVE FOR ONE HUNDRED FOURTH CONGRESS (Jan. 4, 1995) [hereinafter RULES] (House Rule XXI(5)(c)); see also id. House Rule XXI(5)(d) (barring retroactive tax increases). 2. The rule publicized in the Contract with America was actually broader than the one the House enacted. -
En Bloc Amendments § 10
Chapter 21 Division of the Question for Voting A. GENERALLY § 1. In General; Form § 2. Tests of Divisibility § 3. Demanding a Division B. DIVISION OF PARTICULAR PROPOSITIONS § 4. In General § 5. Simple or Concurrent Resolutions § 6. — Resolutions Naming Two or More Individuals § 7. — Special Orders of Business § 8. Amendments § 9. — En Bloc Amendments § 10. Motions to Strike § 11. Motions to Strike and Insert § 12. Motions to Suspend the Rules § 13. Motions to Recommit; Motions to Instruct Conferees § 14. Motions to Table § 15. Senate Amendments C. CONSIDERATION OF DIVIDED PROPOSITIONS § 16. In General Research References 5 Hinds §§ 6106-6162 8 Cannon §§ 3163-3176 Deschler-Brown Ch 30 §§ 42-52 Manual §§ 480-482, 919-921 481 §1 HOUSE PRACTICE A. Generally § 1. In General; Form Under clause 5 of rule XVI, a question that consists of two or more separable substantive propositions is subject to a division of the question, if demanded, so as to obtain a separate vote on each proposition. Deschler- Brown Ch 30 § 42. The procedure is applicable in the Committee of the Whole as well as in the House. See, e.g., Deschler-Brown Ch 29 § 42.12. The rule prohibits its application to special orders of business from the Committee on Rules, to propositions electing Members to standing or joint committees, and to a motion to strike and insert. Manual § 919. The entire rule may be suspended by the adoption of a resolution from the Committee on Rules. 7 Cannon § 775. § 2. Tests of Divisibility To be divided for a vote, a question must consist of at least two sepa- rate and distinct propositions both grammatically and substantively, so that if one proposition is rejected, a separate proposition logically will remain. -
Parliamentary Procedure
PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE Applying Rules of Order to Keep Your Meeting Efficient And Move Your Agendas Ahead November 8, 2019 MASC/MASS State Conference Council of School Committee Administrative Personnel 091603 MOST COMMON QUESTIONS What is a quorum and a majority? When to have a roll call? What happens with a tie vote? How do abstentions affect the vote? Reconsideration vs. Rescission? Table vs. Postponement How many amendments can we have? “Friendly Amendments” Good Rules of Order Have Them. Understand them. Use Them. Follow Them. Have efficient meetings with them and not in spite of them! Knowing and Using Your Rules of Order – Why? Meetings will be run more efficiently. People are more likely to leave happier. Fewer people will be offended. Chair will appear more fair. Public perception of order and responsibility. What is Parliamentary Procedure Rules and Customs that Govern Deliberative Assemblies PARLIAMENTARY PROCEDURE IS NOT A BOOK CALLED ROBERT’S RULES OF ORDER. Others include Sturgis, Demeter, Cushing's, etc. WHICH RULES DO YOU USE? The law allows you to select any rules of order you choose, including your own. The law allows you to select formal published rules and to make any exceptions you wish. You may not use rules of order to circumvent or disobey formal state law including: Executive Sessions - Participation by Chair Roll Calls - Length of Debate Parliamentary Procedure Originally prepared for large assemblies Congresses, legislatures, large bodies. Some rules are antiquated and outdated. Some formal rule books are voluminous. Robert’s 11th Edition* is more than 700 pages. Lists more than 80 motions. -
Division of a Question, and Consideration by Paragraph
§27: Division of a Question CSAP Sigma Chi Sigma -- January 22, 2015 §27: Division of a Question: An Incidental Motion When a motion relating to a single subject contains several parts, each of which is capable of standing as a complete proposition if the others are removed, the parts can be separated to be considered and voted on as if they were distinct questions – by adoption of the motion to divide the question. (P. 270) 1. Must be seconded, can be amended, cannot be debated, previous question is in order, and requires a majority to adopt. (Same as Seriatim) 2. During the amendment of a motion, a motion to divide the main question cannot be made. The main motion can be committed, postponed, or laid on the table. 3. This motion is in order when a motion, the amendment it seeks to divide, or Postponed Indefinitely is immediately pending, even if Previous Question has been ordered. (Same as Seriatim) 4. Though this motion is generally adopted by unanimous consent, another member can propose a different division. Different proposals should be treated as filling the blanks (voted on in the order they were proposed), unless different number of questions were suggested (largest number first). 5. Vote: Once the motion to divide a question is made, the assembly must vote on whether to divide the question, and then on each separate part as if each were a separate motion. Example of motions that cannot be divided: A motion (1) to establish a committee, (2) to study an issue. Example of a motion that must be divided: (Consent Calendar, different subjects, or a series of amendments) The content of a consent calendar (one or more issues can be removed upon the demand of a single member without the need to move for division of the question). -
Supermajority Voting Rules
Supermajority Voting Rules Richard T. Holden∗ August 1 6, 2005 Abstract The size of a supermajority required to change an existing contract varies widely in different settings. This paper analyzes the optimal supermajority re- quirement, determined by multilateral bargaining behind the veil of ignorance, where there are a continuum of possible policies. The optimum is determined by a tradeoff between reducing blocking power of small groups and reducing expropriation of minorities. We solve for the optimal supermajority require- ment as a function of the distribution of voter types, the number of voters and the degree of importance of the decision. The findings are consistent with observed heterogeneity of supermajority requirements in different settings and jurisdictions. Keywords: Supermajority, majority rule, qualified majority, special major- ity, constitutions, social contract, incomplete contracts. JEL Classification Codes: D63, D72, D74, F34, G34, H40 ∗Department of Economics, Harvard University, 1875 Cambridge Street, Cambridge, MA, 02138. email: [email protected]. I wish to thank Attila Ambrus, Murali Agastya, Philippe Aghion, Jerry Green, Oliver Hart, Markus Möbius, Hervé Moulin and Demian Reidel for helpful discussions, comments and suggestions. Special thanks is owed to Rosalind Dixon. 1 1Introduction Almost all agreements contain provisions governing the process by which the terms of the agreement can be changed. Often these clauses require a supermajority (more than 50%) of the parties to agree in order to make a change. Constitutions of democratic countries are perhaps the most prominent example of this. Yet the phenomenon is far more widespread. Majority creditor clauses in corporate and sovereigndebtcontractsprovidethatasupermajority of the creditors can bind other creditors in renegotiations with the borrower. -
Chapter 21 Division of the Question for Voting
Chapter 21 Division of the Question for Voting A. GENERALLY § 1. In General; Form § 2. Tests of Divisibility § 3. Demanding a Division B. DIVISION OF PARTICULAR PROPOSITIONS § 4. In General § 5. Simple or Concurrent Resolutions § 6. — Resolutions Naming Two or More Individuals § 7. — Special Orders of Business § 8. Amendments § 9. — En Bloc Amendments § 10. Motions to Strike § 11. Motions to Strike and Insert § 12. Motions to Suspend the Rules § 13. Motions to Recommit; Motions to Instruct Conferees § 14. Motions to Table § 15. Senate Amendments C. CONSIDERATION OF DIVIDED PROPOSITIONS § 16. In General Research References 5 Hinds §§ 6106-6162 8 Cannon §§ 3163-3176 Deschler-Brown Ch 30 §§ 42-52 Manual §§ 480-482, 919-921 471 VerDate dec 05 2003 14:18 Jan 06, 2012 Jkt 000000 PO 00000 Frm 00481 Fmt 2574 Sfmt 2574 F:\MSPITZER\PRACTI~1\71-948.TXT 27-5A §1 HOUSE PRACTICE A. Generally § 1. In General; Form Under clause 5 of rule XVI, a question that consists of two or more separable substantive propositions is subject to a division of the question, if demanded, so as to obtain a separate vote on each proposition. Deschler- Brown Ch 30 § 42. The procedure is applicable in the Committee of the Whole as well as in the House. See, e.g., Deschler-Brown Ch 29 § 42.12. The rule prohibits its application to special orders of business from the Committee on Rules, to propositions electing Members to standing or joint committees, and to a motion to strike and insert. Manual § 919. The entire rule may be suspended by the adoption of a resolution from the Committee on Rules.