Title MIGRATI0N PATTERN of POST-NESTING GREEN TURTLE in the GULF of THAILAND Author(S) Charuchinda, Mickmin; SAKAMOTO, Wataru; A
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View metadata, citation and similar papers at core.ac.uk brought to you by CORE provided by Kyoto University Research Information Repository MIGRATI0N PATTERN OF POST-NESTING GREEN Title TURTLE IN THE GULF OF THAILAND Charuchinda, Mickmin; SAKAMOTO, Wataru; ARAI, Author(s) Nobuaki; Monanunsap, Somchai Proceedings of the 3rd Workshop on SEASTAR2000 (2002): Citation 53-57 Issue Date 2002 URL http://hdl.handle.net/2433/44159 Right Type Conference Paper Textversion publisher Kyoto University 53 MIGRAT10N PATTERN OF POST・NESTING GREEN TURTLE TN THE GULF OF THAILAND Mickmin Charuchindal,WataruSakamoto2,NobuakiArai3 andSomchaiMonanunsapl I seaTurtIeConsewat10nStat(On,Depa′加entofFisheITeS,Mannajlsland, 尺∂yO叩27了90m∂胸〃d.仁m∂〟ニm∂〃na/@/0詔J】hco.肋 G帽du∂feScJlOO/0川9〝CU/fu帽,杓のfoUnルe/苫/如Kyofo,J∂p∂∩. 亡-m∂〟了5∂k∂mOわ@欠∂fs.欠yoわーU.∂C加 GJ召du∂feSc/100/O戸山わ/m∂〟c5,均のfoUnルe侶/如町0れノ叩∂n. E-m∂〟了∂帽/@b帽.80C./.吋Ofo-U.∂C加 ABSTRÅCT SatelliteteIernetryuslngtheArgossystemwasempIoyedtostudytheIong-rangemlgratOrytraVelofeIeven POSt-neStinggreenturtlesCheloniamydasintheGulfofThailandduTingtheyearof2000-2001・Theresultsshowed thattheturtlesmlgratedmainlyintwodirections,thefirstroutestretchedeastwardalongtheeasterncoastofthe GulfofThailandtoVietnampeninsular,SOmeCrOSSedSouthChinaSeaandenteredSuluSeaofPhilipplneSWater・ ThesecondroutewentdowntothesouthacrosstheGuEfofThailandtoMalayslaPeninsular.Themlgrationdistance rangedfrom456r2,823kmwiththetravelspeedofl・13-2・77kmhr-1・ltcouldbepointedoutthatgreenturtlesin ThaiEandhavewidedistributionsharingmanyforagingsitesamongneighborcountries・Thereisthusnodoubtthat morecooperativeresearchisneeded betweencountriesforconservationofourseatultleintheregIOn・ Keywords= greenturtle,Sate=tetdemetry,m]grationpattern,GulfofThailand・ lNTRODUCT10N SeaturtlesaremarinemlgratOrySPeCies,andthey Stillscanty.This studytherefore employed sate”ite can beconsideredasshared stocksamongcountries telemetryequlPmenttOtraCkmigratoryroutesofgTeen accoTding to the conservation and management turtles(Che/oniamydas)intheGuFfofThailandandtried concept.SoutheastAsian regEOnisoneofthe most tofindoutthespeciflCforagLngareaSOfThailandrsgreen importanthabitatsforseaturtleswithalargenumberof tultle females, turtlenesting.Severalstudiesonlong-distancemlgration ofseatLErtIesindicatedthatadultfemaleshavefldelityto MATERIALSANDMETHODS theirspecificfeedinggroundafterflnishingreproductive activity(Balazsetal,1994;Lie“letal・1995,Luschietal・, Eleven green turtles,Chelonia mydas were 1996and MiEEeretal,1998).Although mostseatur(Ie deployedwithARGOSPlatformtransmitterterminals populationsin this reg■On have been dramatically (PTl七)duringnestingseasonoftheyear2000-2001・ decreas-ngreCently.theknowledgeonfeedinglforaglng TwomodelsofPTlb,lt)(onics-ST18,aO.5wattstrans- habitatandmigrationpatternofseaturtlesinthisareais mitterwith a dutycycle of8hours onin a dayand 54 Kiwisat-101mode[.al,O vvattstransmitterwith a duty Oftheeleventu州esare【istedinlbblel.SignaFtransmis- CyCleof24hrson,WereemPloyedforturtletracking・In sion occurred while the turtles surfaced for breathing 2000,five adultfemales ofKo KhramIsland(12.68N, andtheywereinterpretedandanalyzedbytheARGOS 100.78E)andMannailsland(12・61N,101・69E)inthe SatelLitesystem.ThereliabilityofIocationisaffectedby GulfofThailandweredeployedwith41盲10nicsPTl竜and thenumberofslgnalreceived duringeach passageof lKiwisat PTT,andin200lonly Kiwisat models\〟eTe thepolar-Orbitingsate”ite,andisclassif(edintosixlocation attachedtosixturtles.ThePTTsweregruedonthe Classes,Theaccuratelocationsarerepresentedbythree second central scale of the carapace and safely Classes:LCl,2and3byavariationdistancewithin COVered with fiberglass c[oth and polyester resinr lOOOm,350mand150mrespectively,WhereasLCO, NestingdataoftheturtleswererecordedindetailsthTOugh A and B locations have considerable error and their the Long-term tagglng PrOgram On theislands.TurtleaccuracylS nOtgUaranteed bytheARGOS system. names,tagnumbers,bodysizesandthedateofrelease Tablel.Taginformation ofgreenturtles nestinglntheGulfofThailanddurjng2000-2001 No. Name PIT PTT Datereleased Bodysize Track EDNo. 1bgNo. CCWxCCL(Cm) duration(days) 6 64 14 42 0U7一 9 37 20 49 06 31 7一 nO GT-01 Sampreang 16724 116835593 18May2000 91,0〉(104.0 GT-02 KoKhram 28534 116874117 29Jun2000 85.O x98.0 GT-03 Sattahip 28533 116918551 29Jun2000 86.O x94.0 GT-04 Chonburi 28532 116911111 29Jun2000 89.0〉(100.0 GT-05 ChaoSamut 16723 116911594 12Sep2000 86.0〉(98.0 GT-06 NgamlbKhramYaiO9786 116828591 9Aug2001 81.4x95.7 GT-07 Khram Noi O9804 116944367 10Aug2001 90.0×98.5 GT-08 Sri Anunt 09785 115738171 10 Aug 2001 89.7x95.8 GT-09 Boon LoL(ng O9787 116945225 10Aug2001 80.7×88.9 GT-10 Sri Suk 09788 116779761 15 Aug 2001 75.5×81.0 GTLll 17682 116736265 3Sep2001 85.O x95.0 RESULJS Theindividualm[gratOry]OurneySOfgreenturt[es. PeninsularclosetoSingapore(Fig.1).1tseemsthetur[le Which nestedinthe Gu)fofThairand,are aSfollows: WaSStil】injourneytoforagInggrOundafterthetransmis- Sionwasover.Thetotaldistancewasaboutl,307kmin GT・01(Sampreang:lD16724) 48dayswith a caFculated swimming speed ofl.13km hr-1. The first female was released with a Telonics ST-18PTTon18May2000afterherlandingonMannai GT-02(KoKhram:lD28534) lsland,Rayong P「ovince,Since she had notfinished nesting.shereappearedagainontheMannaibeachfor Theturtlewasdeployedwithlb10nicsST-180n nestingon20MayanditlookedlikeasherEastnesting 29June2000atKoKhramlsland,innerGulfofThailand. intheseason.TheslgnalsreceivedfromherPTTwere Shestartedhe「journeyon4Julytothesoutheastalong a veryfew(OnIy6positions).Thefirst signalwas thecoastofRayongtoTratProvince,Thailandandpassed transmittedon25Maythatwaspresumedtobethestart Cambodia and Vietnamwaters.AfterlO daysofthe OfherJOurney,On8Juneshewentdowntothesouth JOurney,thesignarretrievaldid notappearfora half- directlyand seemlnglycrossedthe GulfofThailand to month,On29Julyhersignalwasreceivedagainbythat MaIaysia peninsular.Theturtle arrived atthe coastoftimeshehadalreadycrossedtheSouth-ChinaSeaand KuaIaTerengganu,MalayslaOn23Juneandthenpassed reachedtothenorthofBorneoIslandnearSabahState, OffPahang State headingto Malaga Strait.Thelast East Malaysia(Fig.1).Fromthelast record,thetuTtk reIiablepositionwasrecordedoffthetipofMalays■an WaSfound entering SuIu Sea on17Augustand she 55 F短.ナ Mノ9帽亡肋1rOリーeSOfpo5r【neS血99佗en山′廿es〟-〟ほGu/fofm∂//∂ndr椅C女edb′S∂fe冊e始/eme≠〃 might have continuedthetravelelsewhere・Thetotal GT-05(ChaoSamut:lD16723) 」Oumeydistancewasabout2,340kmin45dayswitha calcu[atedswimmingspeedof2・13kmhr-11 TheturtEevvasdeployedwithaKiwisat-10lon12 September2000afterthefourth nestingfoundin the GT・03(Sattahip:lD28533) SeaSOnatKoKhramlsland.0n17Septembe「Shestarted trave”lngtOtheeasterncoastofThailand and passed Theturtlewasattachedwithal七[onics ST-180n throughthecoastalislandstoCambodianwateTS・She 29June2000afterhersecondnestingintheseasonat arrived at the nearshore water close to Ronglsland, KoKhramls(and,ChonburiProvince.Thereceivedsig~ Cambodia on30ctober2000and stayed around this nalsindicatedonIy2positionswithinaspanof9days・ areafor2months(Fig.1).Thetotaljourneydistance Thelocationsshowedthatshewasst‖aroundKoKhramWaS about456kmin16dayswith a calculated swim- lslandfornesting. mingspeedofl,19kmhr-1・ GT-04(Chonburi:lD28532) GT-06叩gamね:lDO9786) Shewasalsodep10yedwithaTebnicsST-180n Theturtlewas attachedwith a KivJisat-10lon 29June2000aftertheflrStneStingfoundatKoKhram 9August2001afterthesecond nestinglntheseason Island.Thereceivedsignalsshowedllpositionsin40 foundatKoKhramIsland.0n22Augustshecameagaln days・HowevershedidnotmDVedawayfromtheislandonthesamebeachfortheEastnestingofseasonandlaid probablybecauseshehad notfinishednestingforthe Only9eggs・Shethen begantravel[lngtOtheeastern SeaSOn. coastofThaiFand and moved to Cambodia waters and VietnamPeninsulafoIEowlngthesametrackwiththeTurtle 56 GT-02.She crossed South-China Sea and headed toL agedspeedof2・77kmhrl・ ward the coastof North Borneo[sland.Theturtle was foundmovlngtOthenortheastalongthecoastofSabah GT-09(SrjAnunt:lDO9787) State,EastMalaysiauntilshearrivedatSu[uSea.The transmissionreceivedafter36daysofherarrivalshowed Theturtlewas attached with a Kiwisat-10lonlO thatshewasstillaroundsomeislandsin Sulu Sea.She August2001afterflnishingthefourthnestingintheseason traveledtota11yalongdistanceof2,435kmin43days foundatKoKhramlsland.Shewasfoundonthebeach withanaveragedspeedof2・36kmhrl・ for nesting again for26days aftertag deployment・ Unfortunately,afterthelastnestingfoundon4SeptembeT, GT-07(KllraTTIYai:lDO9804) the slgnalwas absentfoT23days and then on27 Septemberherposition slgnaLwasappeared agalnin The turtlewas transferred whilelanding on the theoffshoreofSouthVietnam,ShetraveledatIeast850 nestingbeachtothemainlandofSattahipDistrict,20km kmfromthenestingareaduringthisperiod・Theturtle farfrom the beach ofKo Khramlsland onlOAugust thenmlgratedacrosstheSouthChinaSeaandreached 2001fordisplacementt「iaL Shewas attached with a toBorneorslandatBruneiwaters.Thenshemoveda10ng KiwisatrlOlonllAugustand afterreleaslng Shewent thecoastofBruneiforafewdaysuntiltheendoftrans- backimmediateIytohe「nestingbeachandreachedthere missiononllNovember.1btal)OurneyCOVerbythis Within6hrfornestingagain,Thenshewasfoundmak- turtlewas2,004kmin49dayswithanaveragespeedof 1ngatemPOrarytraVeEtothewesterncoastoftheGuEfof l.70kmhr1. Thailandandstayedthereforacoupleofdaysandtrav- eledbacktoKoKhramfornestingagalnOn20August GT-10(BoonLoung:lDO9788) and4September.Unfortunately,afterthatthesFgnalwas lostfor a halfmonth period and was recovered agaln The turtFe was attached with a Kiwisat-10lon15 WhentheturtlereachedthecoastofKualal奄「engganu, August2001afterthe¶rstnestinglntheseasonfound