Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85427-6 - New Race Politics in America: Understanding Minority and Immigrant Politics Edited by Jane Junn and Kerry L. Haynie Frontmatter More information

NEW RACE POLITICS IN AMERICA

Foreign migration to the United States is dramatically altering the demo- graphic profile of the American electorate. Nearly a third of all Americans are of nonwhite and non-European descent. Latinos and Hispanics have recently eclipsed African Americans as the largest minority group in the United States. Between 1990 and 2000, Asians doubled the size of their population to more than 4 percent of Americans. Although immigration has altered the racial and ethnic composition of every state in the nation, surprisingly little is known about the consequences of this new heterogeneity for American politics. This book explores the impact and political consequences of immigration. After considering the organizations that mobilize new citizens to politics, the authors examine the political psychology of group consciousness for political mobiliza- tion. Finally, they consider the emerging patterns and choices of new voters.

Jane Junn is Associate Professor in the Political Science Department and the Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University. She is the author of Civic Education: What Makes Students Learn (with Richard Niemi; 1998) and Education and Democratic Citizenship in America (with Norman Nie and Ken Stehlik-Barry; 1996), which won the Woodrow Wilson Foundation Award, American Polit- ical Science Association. Her research interests include political participation and elections, education and democracy, immigration, and racial and ethnic politics.

Kerry L. Haynie is Associate Department Chair and Associate Professor of Political Science at Duke University. He also codirects Duke’s Center for the Study of Race, Ethnicity, and Gender in the Social Sciences. He is the author of African American Legislators in the American States (2001) and coeditor of The Encyclopedia of Minorities in American Politics, Vols. I and II (2000), and he has written several articles for political science journals.

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New Race Politics in America

UNDERSTANDING MINORITY AND IMMIGRANT POLITICS

Edited by Jane Junn Rutgers University

Kerry L. Haynie Duke University

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CAMBRIDGE UNIVERSITY PRESS Cambridge, New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, Sao˜ Paulo, Delhi

Cambridge University Press 32 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY 10013-2473, USA www.cambridge.org Information on this title: www.cambridge.org/9780521670142

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This publication is in copyright. Subject to statutory exception and to the provisions of relevant collective licensing agreements, no reproduction of any part may take place without the written permission of Cambridge University Press.

First published 2008

Printed in the United States of America

A catalog record for this publication is available from the British Library.

Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data New race politics in America : understanding minority and immigrant politics / [edited by] Jane Junn, Kerry L. Haynie. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN 978-0-521-85427-6 (hardback) – ISBN 978-0-521-67014-2 (pbk.) 1. Elections – United States. 2. Immigrants – United States – Political activity. 3. Minorities – United States – Political activity. 4. Race – Political aspects – United States. 5. Ethnicity – Political aspects – United States. 6. United States – Emigration and immigration – Political aspects. 7. United States – Race relations. 8. United States – Ethnic relations. 9. Pluralism (Social sciences) – United States. I. Junn, Jane. II. Haynie, Kerry Lee. III. Title. JK1965.N48 2008 324.08900973–dc22 2007036208

ISBN 978-0-521-85427-6 hardback ISBN 978-0-521-67014-2 paperback

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© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85427-6 - New Race Politics in America: Understanding Minority and Immigrant Politics Edited by Jane Junn and Kerry L. Haynie Frontmatter More information

For our daughters Eve Junn and Juliet Champagne and Olivia Haynie

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85427-6 - New Race Politics in America: Understanding Minority and Immigrant Politics Edited by Jane Junn and Kerry L. Haynie Frontmatter More information

Contents

Contributors page ix Acknowledgments xi

1 New Race Politics: The Changing Face of the American Electoral Landscape ...... 1 Jane Junn and Elizabeth Matto

2 In Whose Interest? Political Parties, Context, and the Incorporation of Immigrants ...... 17 Kristi Andersen

3 Beyond Black and White: The Experiences and Effects of Economic Status among Racial and Ethnic Minorities .....39 Dennis Chong and Dukhong Kim

4 Activity amid Diversity: Asian American Political Participation ...... 70 Janelle S. Wong, Pei-te Lien, and M. Margaret Conway

5 Get Me to the Polls on Time: Coethnic Mobilization and Latino Turnout ...... 95 Rodolfo O. de la Garza, Marisa A. Abrajano, and Jeronimo Cortina

6 Se Habla Espanol: Ethnic Campaign Strategies and Latino Voting Behavior ...... 114 Victoria M. DeFrancesco Soto and Jennifer L. Merolla

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viii Contents

7 Structuring Group Activism: A Macro Model of Black Participation ...... 130 Fredrick C. Harris, Brian D. McKenzie, and Valeria Sinclair-Chapman

8 Black Elites and Latino Immigrant Relations in a Southern City: Do Black Elites and the Black Masses Agree? ...... 145 Paula D. McClain, Victoria M. DeFrancesco Soto, Monique L. Lyle, Niambi M. Carter, Gerald F. Lackey, Jeffrey D. Grynaviski, Kendra Davenport Cotton, Shayla C. Nunnally, Thomas J. Scotto, and J. Alan Kendrick

9 Understanding the New Race Politics: Conclusions and Challenges ...... 166 Kerry L. Haynie

References 175 Index 193

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Contributors

Marisa A. Abrajano, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of California, San Diego

Kristi Andersen, Professor, Maxwell School, Syracuse University

Niambi M. Carter, Visiting Assistant Professor, Department of Political Sciences, Duke University

Dennis Chong, Professor, Department of Political Science, Northwestern University

M. Margaret Conway, Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Florida

Jeronimo Cortina, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Houston

Kendra Davenport Cotton, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Political Science, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Victoria M. DeFrancesco Soto, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Northwestern University

Rodolfo O. de la Garza, Professor, Department of Political Science, Columbia University

Jeffrey D. Grynaviski, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Chicago

Fredrick C. Harris, Professor, Department of Political Science, Columbia University

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x Contributors

Kerry L. Haynie, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Duke University

Jane Junn, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Rutgers University

J. Alan Kendrick, Graduate School, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Dukhong Kim, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Political Science, Northwestern University

Gerald F. Lackey, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Sociology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill

Pei-te Lien, Associate Professor, Political Science and Ethnic Studies at the University of Utah

Monique L. Lyle, Ph.D. Candidate, Department of Political Science, Duke University

Elizabeth Matto, Research Associate, Eagleton Institute of Politics, Rutgers University

Paula D. McClain, Professor, Department of Political Science, Duke University

Brian D. McKenzie, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Texas A&M University

Jennifer L. Merolla, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, Claremont Graduate University

Shayla C. Nunnally, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Connecticut

Thomas J. Scotto, Assistant Professor, Department of Government, University of Essex

Valeria Sinclair-Chapman, Assistant Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Rochester

Janelle S. Wong, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, University of Southern California

© Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-85427-6 - New Race Politics in America: Understanding Minority and Immigrant Politics Edited by Jane Junn and Kerry L. Haynie Frontmatter More information

Acknowledgments

This volume has been longer in the making than we planned, due in no part to the people who supported this project. The book began with a gath- ering of scholars at a conference on minority voting and U.S. politics held at the Eagleton Institute of Politics at Rutgers University in early 2004. The meeting was held at the Eagleton Institute with generous contribu- tions from the Walt Whitman Center, the Department of Political Science, and the Eagleton Institute. We thank our colleagues Rick Lau and Richard Wilson in the Political Science Department for supporting this project both financially and intellectually. Ruth Mandel, the director of the Eagleton Institute, provided human resources and a warm environment in which to hold the meeting. Michelle Horgan helped coordinate the event, and we thank her for her efficiency and good cheer. We also thank Dana Brown, Nadia Brown, Hannah Holden, and Anna Murphy for their fine work as research assistants. The authors of the chapters in the book benefited from the wise coun- sel of conference discussants. We thank Cristina Beltran,´ Michael Hagen, and Rogers Smith for their thoughtful reflections and for sparking discus- sion and critical revisions in each of the chapters. Two of our colleagues who were involved in the initial conference, Vince Hutchings and Nicholas Valentino, were unable to include their work in the book, but the creativ- ity of their analysis produced much interesting dialogue. We are grateful to Paula McClain and her colleagues for contributing their chapter and joining the book after the conference was completed. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for Cambridge University Press for their insightful critiques and helpful comments. It has been a tremendous pleasure working with Ed Parsons at Cam- bridge University Press. He convinced us early on that the topic of “new race politics” was one that desperately needed more scholarly footing. He

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xii Acknowledgments

has been a wise and tireless advocate, and we are grateful for his guid- ance. Faith Black and Bonnie Lee of Cambridge University Press helped us navigate the many phases of book production, and we thank them for their expertise and willingness to help at every turn. We also thank Laura Lawrie for her great skill at editing the manuscript. Our partners David Champagne and Mina Silberberg have aided us in innumerable ways, but perhaps most significantly in sharing with us the conviction that understanding new race politics in a diverse and multira- cial society is among the most important imperatives for political science. Our children, to whom we dedicate this volume, are testimony to this resolve. We wish for them a new race politics in the United States that more faithfully lives up to democratic ideals of fairness, tolerance, and equality. The future of America’s diverse democracy lies in the hands of the next generation, and we hope they develop a new race politics with an innovative spirit and an enduring commitment to political equality.

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