Vocabulary Facts Industrial The industrial revolution was a time of Year 5 The Victorians mill A building where raw materials like cotton revolution change. Products that were often are made into basic products such as cloth Victorian Figures made by hand began to be made by machines in factories and mills. Queen Queen of the UK from 1837 to chimney A person, often a small child, who would Victoria 1901. She is one of the longest The Pennines Range of Hills and mountains that sweep clean chimneys using a long brush serving monarchs in British separate North-West England from history (63 years). The Victorian Yorkshire. The Pennines have damp reform Changing something to improve it. era is named after her. air which stopped the cotton fibres Prince Husband of Queen Victoria, died civilisation Society, culture and way of life in a from snapping. particular area Albert in 1861. Coal mines Coal is a rock found underground workhouse A building where poor people received a Charles Famous Victorian author. He made from dead plants. It is excavated bed and food in return for work. Dickens wrote: Oliver Twist, A Christmas from the ground at a coal mine. Carol and Great Expectations. Saltaire A village built by Titus Salt, around a peasant A poor person of low social status. Lord Responsible for bringing about mill in Bradford, to provide workers Shaftesbury reform of Britain’s factories slum An overcrowded and unpleasant area of a with houses, garden space and a improving working conditions. city where poor people live. community. Titus Salt Manufacturer and politician. Built British Empire Salts Mill and Saltaire village reign The length of time that a person is King or An empire is a group of countries ruled over by a single providing a better life for his Queen for. king or queen. The British empire was the largest the workers. world had ever seen. Victoria rules over these William Architects who designed Saltaire canal A channel of water made by humans for countries: Mawson village, St George’s Hall in travelling by boat or for bringing water to India (known as the jewel in the crown of the empire) and Henry Bradford and Bradford City Hall. crops and factories. Also used to ship goods Australia Lockwood from the factories to sell in other cities. New Zealand Dr Banardo Founder of the charity Barnardo’s Pakistan in 1867 - providing homes and Parts of Africa including Egypt and Kenya education for poor children. The monarchy A system of having a king or queen rule Parts of South America charity still exists today. over the country. aS one king or queen dies, Characteristics of the Industrial revolution Acts of Parliament the power is passed to another member of Five changes characterised the Industrial revolution: 1847 Ten Hour Act - No child to work more than the family. 1) The use of new materials such as iron and steel. ten hours a day 2) The use of new energy sources such as coal A hard, black material that is found in the 1847 Factory Act - No child to be employed in a electricity, steam and coal. earth and burned as fuel factory 3) The invention of machines to increase 1851 Mines Act - No child under ten to work in production. mines cotton Cotton is a soft fluffy fibre which grows in 4) Building of large factories. America and imported to the UK 1848 Public Health Act - aimed to decrease the 5) Developments of transportation including death rate due to pollution and disease steam, locomotives, cars and planes.