DOCSLIB.ORG

A Change-Oriented Architecture for Mathematical Authoring Assistance

Total Page：16

File Type：pdf, Size：1020Kb

Download full-text PDF Read full-text
A Change-Oriented Architecture for Mathematical Authoring Assistance Universität des Saarlandes Naturwissenschaftlich-Technische Fakultät I Fachrichtung Informatik A Change-Oriented Architecture for Mathematical Authoring Assistance Marc Wagner Dissertation zur Erlangung des Grades des Doktors der Ingenieurwissenschaften der Naturwissenschaftlich-Technischen Fakultäten der Universität des Saarlandes Saarbrücken, 2010 Dekan: Prof. Dr. Holger Hermanns Vorsitzender: Prof. Dr. Gert Smolka Gutachter: Prof. Dr.-Ing. Jörg H. Siekmann Prof. Dr. Dr. h.c. mult. Reinhard Wilhelm Prof. Dr. Fairouz Kamareddine Beisitzer: Priv.-Doz. Dr. Helmut Horacek Kolloquium: 15.11.2010 Geleitwort V Geleitwort The monograph is the dissertation of Marc Wagner. Motivated by the problem to support the writing of mathematical documents by mathematical assistance systems, it focuses on the architecture of distributed systems in general with the application to bridge the gap between the mathematical language used in documents and the formal logic representa- tions of mathematical assistance systems. In distributed software systems the representations of the internal states of each subsys- tem are diverse and need to be synchronized. State of the art is that each subsystem syn- chronizes with the connected subsystems by pushing the updates of its internal state or pulling the partners’ internal state. This design of interfaces has the drawback that each subsystem needs to know the signature of interface functions of other subsystems and how to map its own data representation to the remote data representation and back. Con- sequently, any change in either the interface functions or the data representations requires adaptations in all connected subsystems. The solution proposed by Marc Wagner is the document-centric change-oriented architecture (COA) design pattern for distributed software systems, where the internal state of each software module is viewed as a docu- ment and the communication between software modules is exclusively based on exchang- ing updates on the documents. Mediators responsible to bidirectionally transform the dif- ferent document types form the glue layer between two software modules. The mediators are based on an invertible grammar formalism to describe the document transformations and provide efficient support to map changes in one document format to another. The design pattern is applied to interface a text-editor used to author mathematical docu- ments with a proof assistance system. The major problem in interfacing these systems is to mediate between the texts in the editor written in natural language mixed with mathe- matical notations for concepts, formulas and proofs, and the logic based representation in the proof assistance system. Following a controlled natural language approach for writing the mathematical documents, Marc Wagner demonstrates how the invertible grammar formalism in the mediators of the change-oriented architecture can be used to propagate changes made by the author from the text-editor to the mathematical assistance system and back, for instance, to generate proof descriptions in natural language. Furthermore, he demonstrates how the problem to dynamically extend grammars to accommodate new concepts and notations defined in the documents can be solved using the change-oriented architecture design pattern. VI Geleitwort Agility of software development processes is a major issue in order to efficiently cope with the evolution of software to adapt it to new requirements. Keeping as much as pos- sible the impacts of changes of individual modules local to these modules is essential for an agile software development process. The change-oriented architecture proposed in this thesis and its separation of logic and data at the interfaces between distributed software components provides an interesting design pattern for distributed software systems that addresses issues from software evolution already in the software architecture. Dr. Serge Autexier, DFKI GmbH (Deutsches Forschungszentrum für Künstliche Intelli- genz), Sichere Kognitive Systeme, Bremen, Januar 2011 Kurzzusammenfassung VII Kurzzusammenfassung Das computergestützte Verfassen mathematischer Dokumente mit einem wissenschaftli- chen Text-Editor erfordert neue Techniken des mathematischen Wissensmanagements und der Wissenstransformation, um die Arbeitsweise eines Assistenzsystems, wie die des ΩMEGA Systems, zu organisieren. Die Herausforderung besteht darin, dass im gesamten System verteilt verschiedene Arten von vorgegebenem und abgeleitetem Wissen existie- ren, die in unterschiedlichen Formen und Abhängigkeiten auftreten. Wenn Änderungen in diesen Wissenseinheiten auftreten, müssen diese effektiv propagiert werden. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Änderungs-Orientierte Architektur für das computergestütz- te Verfassen mathematischer Dokumente vorgestellt. Dabei werden Dokumente als Schnittstelle verwendet und die Komponenten der Architektur interagieren, indem sie aktiv die Schnittstellendokumente ändern und auf Änderungen reagieren. Um diese Art der Interaktion zu optimieren, werden in dieser Arbeit zwei wesentliche Methoden vorge- stellt. Zum einen wird eine effiziente Methode zur Berechnung von gewichteten semanti- schen Änderungen zwischen zwei Versionen eines Dokumentes entwickelt. Zum anderen wird ein umkehrbarer Grammatikformalismus vorgestellt, der zur automatisierten bidirek- tionalen Transformation von Schnittstellendokumenten dient. Die vorgestellte Architektur ist eine vollwertige Grundlage zum computergestützten Verfassen mathematischer Dokumente mit semantischen Annotationen und einer kontrol- lierten mathematischen Sprache. Abstract IX Abstract The computer-assisted authoring of mathematical documents using a scientific text-editor requires new mathematical knowledge management and transformation techniques to organize the overall workflow of an assistance system like the ΩMEGA system. The chal- lenge is that, throughout the system, various kinds of given and derived knowledge units occur in different formats and with different dependencies. If changes occur in these piec- es of knowledge, they need to be effectively propagated. We present a Change-Oriented Architecture for mathematical authoring assistance. Thereby, documents are used as interfaces and the components of the architecture interact by actively changing the interface documents and by reacting on changes. In order to op- timize this style of interaction, we present two essential methods in this thesis. First, we develop an efficient method for the computation of weighted semantic changes between two versions of a document. Second, we present an invertible grammar formalism for the automated bidirectional transformation between interface documents. The presented architecture provides an adequate basis for the computer-assisted au- thoring of mathematical documents with semantic annotations and a controlled mathemat- ical language. Zusammenfassung XI Zusammenfassung Das computergestützte Verfassen mathematischer Dokumente mit einem wissenschaftli- chen Text-Editor erfordert neue Techniken des mathematischen Wissensmanagements und der Wissenstransformation, um die Arbeitsweise eines mathematischen Assistenzsys- tems, wie die des ΩMEGA Systems, zu organisieren. Die Herausforderung besteht darin, dass im gesamten System verteilt verschiedene Arten von vorgegebenem und abgeleite- tem Wissen existieren, die in unterschiedlichen Formaten und Abhängigkeiten auftreten. Diese Wissenseinheiten und deren Abhängigkeiten müssen gepflegt werden und, wenn Änderungen in einer Komponente auftreten, müssen diese effektiv propagiert werden. In dieser Arbeit wird eine Änderungs-Orientierte Architektur für das computer- gestützte Verfassen mathematischer Dokumente vorgestellt. Dabei werden Dokumente als Schnittstelle verwendet und die Komponenten der Architektur interagieren, indem sie aktiv die Schnittstellendokumente ändern und auf Änderungen reagieren. Um diese Art der Interaktion zu optimieren, werden in dieser Arbeit zwei wesentliche Methoden vorge- stellt. Zum einen wird eine effiziente Methode zur Berechnung von gewichteten semanti- schen Änderungen zwischen zwei Versionen eines Dokumentes entwickelt. Eine Ähnlich- keitsspezifikation wird eingeführt, die es erlaubt zu definieren, wann zwei Teile eines Do- kumentes als ähnlich oder gleich zu betrachten sind. Da die Elemente eines Schnittstel- lendokumentes Objekte in der entsprechenden Komponente repräsentieren, wird es der Komponente ermöglicht, die geschätzten Auswirkungen für die Änderung oder Löschung dieser Objekte in einer Änderungsspezifikation zu gewichten. Das Problem der gewichte- ten Baum-zu-Baum Korrektur wird hierbei auf ein Suchproblem reduziert. Zum anderen wird ein umkehrbarer Grammatikformalismus vorgestellt, der zur auto- matisierten bidirektionalen Transformation von Schnittstellendokumenten verschiedener Komponenten dient. Zu den Regeln der Grammatik können Unifikationsbedingungen formuliert werden, die durch den konstruierten Syntaxbaum erfüllt werden müssen. Um nicht-transformierte Teile eines Dokumentes bei der Rücktransformation generieren zu können, wird der Ablauf der Transformation gespeichert. Die Verarbeitungsreihenfolge einer Grammatikregel kann deklarativ angegeben werden, womit vorhandenes Wissen über den Informationsfluss in einem Dokument in die Grammatikregeln eingebettet wer- den kann. XII Zusammenfassung Die vorgestellte Architektur ist eine vollwertige Grundlage für das computergestützte Verfassen mathematischer Dokumente mit semantischen Annotationen und einer kontrol- lierten
Load more

Recommended publications
  • Spaces and Identities in Border Regions
    Christian Wille, Rachel Reckinger, Sonja Kmec, Markus Hesse (eds.) Spaces and Identities in Border Regions Culture and Social Practice Christian Wille, Rachel Reckinger, Sonja Kmec, Markus Hesse (eds.) Spaces and Identities in Border Regions Politics – Media – Subjects Bibliographic information published by the Deutsche Nationalbibliothek The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche Natio- nalbibliografie; detailed bibliographic data are available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de © 2015 transcript Verlag, Bielefeld All rights reserved. No part of this book may be reprinted or reproduced or uti- lized in any form or by any electronic, mechanical, or other means, now known or hereafter invented, including photocopying and recording, or in any infor- mation storage or retrieval system, without permission in writing from the publisher. Cover layout: Kordula Röckenhaus, Bielefeld Cover illustration: misterQM / photocase.de English translation: Matthias Müller, müller translations (in collaboration with Jigme Balasidis) Typeset by Mark-Sebastian Schneider, Bielefeld Printed in Germany Print-ISBN 978-3-8376-2650-6 PDF-ISBN 978-3-8394-2650-0 Content 1. Exploring Constructions of Space and Identity in Border Regions (Christian Wille and Rachel Reckinger) | 9 2. Theoretical and Methodological Approaches to Borders, Spaces and Identities | 15 2.1 Establishing, Crossing and Expanding Borders (Martin Doll and Johanna M. Gelberg) | 15 2.2 Spaces: Approaches and Perspectives of Investigation (Christian Wille and Markus Hesse) | 25 2.3 Processes of (Self)Identification(Sonja Kmec and Rachel Reckinger) | 36 2.4 Methodology and Situative Interdisciplinarity (Christian Wille) | 44 2.5 References | 63 3. Space and Identity Constructions Through Institutional Practices | 73 3.1 Policies and Normalizations | 73 3.2 On the Construction of Spaces of Im-/Morality.
    [Show full text]
  • Subject Listing of Numbered Documents in M1934, OSS WASHINGTON SECRET INTELLIGENCE/SPECIAL FUNDS RECORDS, 1942-46
    Subject Listing of Numbered Documents in M1934, OSS WASHINGTON SECRET INTELLIGENCE/SPECIAL FUNDS RECORDS, 1942-46 Roll # Doc # Subject Date To From 1 0000001 German Cable Company, D.A.T. 4/12/1945 State Dept.; London, American Maritime Delegation, Horta American Embassy, OSS; (Azores), (McNiece) Washington, OSS 1 0000002 Walter Husman & Fabrica de Produtos Alimonticios, "Cabega 5/29/1945 State Dept.; OSS Rio de Janeiro, American Embassy Branca of Sao Paolo 1 0000003 Contraband Currency & Smuggling of Wrist Watches at 5/17/1945 Washington, OSS Tangier, American Mission Tangier 1 0000004 Shipment & Movement of order for watches & Chronographs 3/5/1945 Pierce S.A., Switzerland Buenos Aires, American Embassy from Switzerland to Argentine & collateral sales extended to (Manufactures) & OSS (Vogt) other venues/regions (Washington) 1 0000005 Brueghel artwork painting in Stockholm 5/12/1945 Stockholm, British Legation; London, American Embassy London, American Embassy & OSS 1 0000006 Investigation of Matisse painting in possession of Andre Martin 5/17/1945 State Dept.; Paris, British London, American Embassy of Zurich Embassy, London, OSS, Washington, Treasury 1 0000007 Rubens painting, "St. Rochus," located in Stockholm 5/16/1945 State Dept.; Stockholm, British London, American Embassy Legation; London, Roberts Commission 1 0000007a Matisse painting held in Zurich by Andre Martin 5/3/1945 State Dept.; Paris, British London, American Embassy Embassy 1 0000007b Interview with Andre Martiro on Matisse painting obtained by 5/3/1945 Paris, British Embassy London, American Embassy Max Stocklin in Paris (vice Germans allegedly) 1 0000008 Account at Banco Lisboa & Acores in name of Max & 4/5/1945 State Dept.; Treasury; Lisbon, London, American Embassy (Peterson) Marguerite British Embassy 1 0000008a Funds transfer to Regerts in Oporto 3/21/1945 Neutral Trade Dept.
    [Show full text]
  • Scientific Competition
    Conferences on New Political Economy 25 Scientific Competition Edited by Max Albert, Dieter Schmidtchen, and Stefan Voigt Mohr Siebeck Manuscripts are to be sent to the editors (see addresses on page 315). We assume that the manuscripts we receive are originals which have not been submitted elsewhere for publication. The editors and the publisher are not liable for loss of or damage to manuscripts which have been submitted. For bibliographical references please use the style found in this volume. e-ISBN PDF 978-3-16-156037-8 ISBN 978-3-16-149413-0 ISSN 1861-8340 (Conferences on New Political Economy) The Deutsche Nationalbibliothek lists this publication in the Deutsche National- bibliographie; detailed bibliographic data is available in the Internet at http://dnb.d-nb.de. 2008 by Mohr Siebeck, P. O. Box 2040, D-72010 Tbingen. This book may not be reproduced, in whole or in part, in any form (beyond that permitted by copyright law) without the publishers written permission. This applies particularly to reproductions, translations, microfilms and storage and processing in electronic systems. The book was typeset and printed by Konrad Triltsch in Ochsenfurt-Hohestadt on non- aging paper and bound by Großbuchbinderei Spinner in Ottersweier. Contents Max Albert: Introduction ......................................... 1 Pau l a St e p h a n : Job Market Effects on Scientific Productivity ....... 11 Bernd Fitzenberger: Job Market Effects on Scientific Productivity (Comment) ...................................................... 31 Gˇnther G. Schulze: Tertiary Education in a Federal System: The Case of Germany ............................................ 35 Stefan Voigt: Tertiary Education in a Federal System (Comment) . 67 Gustavo Crespi and Aldo Geuna: The Productivity of UK Universities .....................................................
    [Show full text]
  • Hemuseum Ofmodern
    he Museum of Modern Art est 53 Street, New York, N,Y, 10019 Circle 5-8900 Cable, Modernart CHECKLIST THEEDWARDSTEICHENPHOTOGRAPHYCEm'ER Initial Installation, l"lay 25, 1964 ABBOTT,Berenice. American, Contemporary 1. Exchanf(e Place, New York. July, 1933. Anonymousgift. 2. New York at Night. 1933. Purchase. MoMAExh_0736_MasterChecklist 3. nA gold ball, bouncing along a hard flat board, loses energy •••• n Made in 1959 for the Physical Science Study Committee, initiated by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Purchase. AIlANS,Ansel. American, born 1902 4. Moonrise - Hernandez, New Nexico. 1941. Purchase. 5. Mount Hilliarnson - Clearing Storm, Sierra Nevada, California. 1944. Purchase. AIlAM..sALONON,AntoineSamuel. French, 18H-1881 6. Ernest Renan. Undated. Purchase. ALVAREZ-BRAVO,Manuel.Nexican, born 1904. 7. El Peinado (The Coiffure). c. 1940? Purchase. ATGET,Eugene. French, 1856-1927 8. Saint-Cloud #4. (Roota of tree) Not yet dated. c. 1905-1910? Edward Steichen Fund. 9. Chanteurs des Rues. (Street Singersl Not yet dated. c. 1905-1910? "Print made by Berenice Abbott. Anonymous gift. 10. Saint-Cloud _ #9. Not yet dated. c. 1905-1910? Edward Steichen Fund. BISCHOF,Werner. (MAGNUM)Swiss, 1916-1954 11. Hogg Kong (Baby) .1953. Gift of Mrs. Rene Burri. -2- "- BISSONFRERES,Louis Auguste. French, born 1814 Auguste Rosalie. French, born 1826 Death dates not know, 12. The alps: view of the "Garden" from Mont Blanc. 1860-1861 13. Halfway, MontBlanc. 1860-1861 14. Hont Blanc, 1860-1861 AlbumenPrints From the album Le Mont Blanc et ses laciers Souvenirs du vo.age de LLMajestes mpereur et l' mperatrice. Paris, 19 • Purchase. BLANQUART-EVRARD,Louis.French, 1802-1872 MoMAExh_0736_MasterChecklist See under SALZMANN BOURKE-w'HITE,Margaret.(LIFE) American, born 1904 15.
    [Show full text]
  • The Länder and German Federalism Prelims 27/5/03 11:39 Am Page Ii
    GPOLGunlicks cover 21/5/2003 5:22 pm Page 1 Issues in German Politics The Länder This book provides a detailed introduction to how the Länder (the sixteen states of Germany) function not only within the country itself but also within the wider context of European political affairs. Some knowledge of the role of the Länder is and German federalism essential to an understanding of the political system as well as of German federalism. The Länder This book traces the origin of the Länder. It looks at their place in the constitutional order of the country and the political and administrative system. Their organization and administration are fully covered, as is their financing. Parties and elections in the Länder and the controversial roles of parliaments and deputies are also examined. and German Because of their role in the Bundesrat, the second legislative chamber, the Lander are clearly an important part of the national legislative process. They participate in policy-making with regard to the European Union, and have limited influence on Germany's foreign affairs outside of Europe. This is the first English language book that considers the Länder in this depth. federalism Arthur Gunlicks is a professor of political science and chair of the department at the University of Richmond, Virginia Gunlicks Arthur Gunlicks ISBN 0-7190-6533-X 9 780719 065330 prelims 27/5/03 11:39 am Page i The Länder and German federalism prelims 27/5/03 11:39 am Page ii ISSUES IN GERMAN POLITICS Edited by Professor Charlie Jeffery, Institute for German Studies Dr Charles Lees, University of Sussex Issues in German Politics is a major new series on contemporary Germany.
    [Show full text]
  • Notes on Contributors
    NOTES ON CONTRIBUTORS PAOLO AMAT DI SAN FILIPPO studied chemistry at the University of Turin. After working in the polyamide and polyacrylonitrile fibres industry, he taught, as a professore incaricato, from 1964 to 1968 in the University of Cagliari, at the Faculty of Applied Sciences hydrology and chemical industries for agriculture, and from 1969 at the Faculty of Engineering, as professore associato, high polymers chemistry, fuels and lubricants. Today he teaches organic chemistry. He has published on the recycling of industrial wastes and by-products, and on the development of chemistry and chemical technology in Sardinia, from the eighteenth century, and on pharmacy, also in Sardinia, from the sixteenth century. Address: Universita degli studi di Cagliari, Dipartimento di ingegneria chimica e materiali, Piazza d'Armi, 1-09123 Cagliari, Italy. ARNE ANDERSEN is Privatdozent at the Technical University of Darmstadt. He took his doctorate in social history and the history of labour movement. Subsequent­ ly he turned to environmental history. For over ten years he has been working in this field, and is a pioneer of this new historical sub-discipline in Germany. Currently he is studying the change from industrial to consumer society and its eco­ logical consequences. Address: ZwickauerstraBe 33, D-28215 Bremen, Germany. STUART BENNETT trained as a mechanical engineer and is now a Reader in the Department of Automatic Control & Systems Engineering at the University of Sheffield where he has taught since 1968. During 1988-89 he held a senior postdoctoral research fellowship at the Museum of American History, Smithsonian Institution, Washington DC where he worked on the history of process control.
    [Show full text]
  • Immigrant Entrepreneurship IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP the German-American Experience Since 1700
    Bulletin of the GHI | Supplement 12 Bulletin of the German Historical Institute Supplement 12 (2016) Immigrant Entrepreneurship Immigrant IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP The German-American Experience since 1700 Edited by Hartmut Berghoff and Uwe Spiekermann Bulletin of the German Historical Institute Washington DC Editor: Richard F. Wetzell Supplement 12 Supplement Editor: Patricia C. Sutcliffe The Bulletin appears twice and the Supplement once a year; all are available free of charge. Current and back issues are available online at: www.ghi-dc.org/bulletin To sign up for a subscription or to report an address change, please contact Ms. Susanne Fabricius at [email protected]. For editorial comments or inquiries, please contact the editor at [email protected] or at the address below. For further information about the GHI, please visit our website www.ghi-dc.org. For general inquiries, please send an e-mail to [email protected]. German Historical Institute 1607 New Hampshire Ave NW Washington DC 20009-2562 Phone: (202) 387-3355 Fax: (202) 483-3430 © German Historical Institute 2016 All rights reserved ISSN 1048-9134 Cover: German migrants leaving their fatherland: “Seelenwanderung,” cartoon in Fliegende Blätter 38 (1863): 45. Bulletin of the German Historical Institute Supplement 12 | 2016 Immigrant Entrepreneurship: The German-American Experience since 1700 INTRODUCTION 5 Immigrant Entrepreneurship as a Challenge for Historiography Hartmut Berghoff and Uwe Spiekermann THE ANALYSIS OF IMMIGRANT ENTREPRENEURSHIP 19 Entrepreneur Biographies
    [Show full text]
  • University Microfilms International 300 N
    INFORMATION TO USERS This was produced from a copy of a document sent to us for microfilming. While the most advanced technological means to photograph and reproduce this document have been used, the quality is heavily dependent upon the quality of the material submitted. The following explanation of techniques is provided to help you understand markings or notations which may appear on this reproduction. 1. The sign or "target" for pages apparently lacking from the document photographed is "Missing Page(s)". If it was possible to obtain the missing page(s) or section, they are spliced into the film along with adjacent pages. This may have necessitated cutting through an image and duplicating adjacent pages to assure you of complete continuity. 2. When an image on the film is obliterated with a round black mark it is an indication that the film inspector noticed either blurred copy because of movement during exposure, or duplicate copy. Unless we meant to delete, copyrighted materials that should not have been filmed, you will find a good image of the page in the adjacent frame. 3. When a map, drawing or chart, etc., is part of the material being photo­ graphed the photographer has followed a definite method in "sectioning" the material. It is customary to begin filming at the upper left hand corner of a large sheet and to continue from left to right in equal sections with small overlaps. If necessary, sectioning is continued again—beginning below the first row and continuing on until complete. 4. For any illustrations that cannot be reproduced satisfactorily by xerography, photographic prints can be purchased at additional cost and tipped into your xerographic copy.
    [Show full text]
  • Annual Report 2018 Imprint
    Annual Report 2018 Imprint Editorial Staf Torsten Kathke, Christine Plicht Obama Institute for Transnational American Studies Jakob-Welder-Weg 20 55128 Mainz Germany +49-6131-39-22357 [email protected] www.obama-institute.com © Obama Institute for Transnational American Studies 2019 All rights reserved. Contents Opening Remarks 7 The Second Year at the Obama Institute for Transnational American Studies Alfred Hornung, Speaker 10 A View from Abroad Werner Sollors, Advisory Board Member 14 A Poet’s View Renee Ruderman, Visiting Lecturer and Poet The Obama Institute 21 Mission and History of the Obama Institute 23 Obama Institute Bylaws 26 Executive Board 28 Advisory Board 29 Obama Fellowship 30 Fellow’s Report 33 Obama Dissertation Prize 36 Hans Galinsky Memorial Prize 37 Prof. Dr. Gustav Blanke and Hilde Blanke Prize Teaching at the Obama Institute in 2018 41 Teaching Philosophy 42 Selected Teaching Projects 47 Bachelor of Arts in American Studies 48 Master of Arts in American Studies 50 Ph.D. in American Studies 51 In Memoriam: Professor Steven Marcus (1928-2018) 53 Study Abroad 56 Summer School 58 Teaching at Germersheim Research at the Obama Institute in 2018 63 Research Philosophy 65 Conferences 73 Selected Research Projects 80 Habilitation 82 Selected Dissertations 91 Selected Book Publications 100 List of Other Publications 103 List of Presentations Given by Members 109 List of Presentations at the Obama Institute Opening Remarks Opening Remarks The Second Year of the Obama Institute for Transnational American Studies Alfred Hornung Speaker After the ofcial inauguration of the Obama Institute on February 8, 2017 and a frst year of exciting activities at home and abroad, we have continued to pursue our academic and institutional goals to engage in research and teaching of Transnational American Studies at JGU Mainz and to coordinate joint programs with universities in Rhineland-Palatinate, the Atlantic Academy in Kaiserslautern as well as with international partners in Europe, North America, Asia and Australia.
    [Show full text]
  • Communications Revolutions: a Historiographical Concept
    GH378oa-02.qxd 26-06-2006 13:02 Page 333 Communications Revolutions: A Historiographical Concept Wolfgang Behringer (Saarland University) Downloaded from It might be supposed that the origins of the concept of the Communications Revolution are to be found somewhere in the work of Marshall McLuhan (1911–1980) or his followers,1 but—predictably enough, perhaps—no the- gh.oxfordjournals.org oretical statements are forthcoming from that quarter.2 To locate the origins of the concept, we need to do some detective work. The coiner of the term ‘the Gutenberg Galaxy’ described his own work as a footnote to the work of his Toronto colleague, the economic historian Harold Adam Innis (1894 –1952).3 Before turning to his examination of the relations between political structure and communication in ancient high cultures, Innis had been interested in the at Radcliffe Science Library, Bodleian Library on November 1, 2010 significance of spatial movement, with particular reference to Canada. As his biographer shows, he had devoted a decade apiece to studying Canadian rail- ways, the Canadian fur trade and Canadian cod fishing. Innis himself gives no indication how he arrived at his more abstract ideas concerning the connection between ‘empire’ and ‘communications’, though it is possible that the unglam- orous explanation was that as a Canadian nationalist he did not approve of the United States’position of hegemony and was reluctant to acknowledge that key sources of his ideas came from that country.4 A schematic formulation of the concept of the Communications Revolution had been published in 1932 by Robert G. Albion (1896–1984).5 Innis knew of Albion as the author of a study of the connection between sea power and the timber trade.6 Albion developed this idea further, presenting more systematic 1 Gilbert Seldes, ‘Communications Revolution’, in Edmund Carpenter and Marshall McLuhan (eds), Explorations in Communication: An Anthology (Boston, 1960), pp.
    [Show full text]
  • Medieval Worlds Comparative & Interdisciplinary Studies
    medieval worlds comparative & interdisciplinary studies No. 4/2016 medieval worlds comparative & interdisciplinary studies medieval worlds comparative & interdisciplinary studies Volume 2016.4 The Genetic Challenge to Medieval History and Archaeology medieval worlds comparative & interdisciplinary studies The journal is funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) project OAJ-52. All rights reserved ISSN 2412-3196 Online Edition Media Owner: Institute for Medieval Research Copyright © 2016 by Austrian Academy of Sciences, Vienna Cover design, layout: Anneke Gerloff Austrian Academy of Sciences Press A-1011 Wien, Postfach 471, Postgasse 7/4 Tel. +43-1-515 81/DW 3402-3406, +43-1-512 9050 Fax +43-1-515 81/DW 3400 http://hw.oeaw.ac.at, http://verlag.oeaw.ac.at Editors Walter Pohl, Austrian Academy of Sciences/University of Vienna Andre Gingrich, Austrian Academy of Sciences/University of Vienna Editorial Board Maximilian Diesenberger, Austrian Academy of Sciences Bert Fragner, Austrian Academy of Sciences Christian Gastgeber, Austrian Academy of Sciences Johann Heiß, Austrian Academy of Sciences Claudia Rapp, Austrian Academy of Sciences/University of Vienna Irene van Renswoude, Huygens Institute for the History of the Netherlands/ Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences Pavlína Rychterová, Austrian Academy of Sciences Veronika Wieser, Austrian Academy of Sciences International Advisory Board Glenn Bowman , University of Kent Sabrina Corbellini, University of Groningen Mayke de Jong, Utrecht University Nicola di Cosmo, Institute for Advanced
    [Show full text]
  • 39. Jahrestagung Der Deutschen Gesellschaft Für Sprachwissenschaft ---- 08.–10
    0 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 0 1 0 0 1 1 0 1 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 A 0 1 0 0 1 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 0 0 1 1 N 1 1 U 0 1 R 0 1 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 0 0 1 0 D 1 0 1 1 1 0 1 F 0 0 1 1 R U 0 O 0 0 A I 1 1 N 1 1 1 R 0 0 1 D 1 0 L 0 1 0 1 R T 1 U 1 R 0 N 1 0 1 F E 0 1 O F O A D 1 N 1 H N L R O 0 U 1 R 0 N H A 0 R T 1 N S 1 F E C M H U H 1 O F O A I D K N F E D K N 1 C M R O 0 H U N L R 0 D A U I H 1 1 0 R T O F O A I 1 N U I H C O F O A I I F E C M N L R G N D K N I D A O R T N N S H R O I O I A I I F E N N N S L R G T H R I H C O N D K N D A O U S C M N P P N U O I E N I F N D K O U R G O I A I H N S C T H R M N D A N S D I E R U N G O R M A I C H A C H L N S P H U N D N F O K O I T & K O D I E R U N G I N F O R M A T I O N L I C H S P R A C H K O D I E R U N G I N F O R M A T I O N S P R A C H L I C H E & & I N F O R M A T I O N K O D I E R U N G S P R A C H L I C H E I N F O R M A T I O N & S P R A C H L I C H E K O D I E R U N G 39.
    [Show full text]